Notes. Chapter 1: Textual Influences

Transcription

1 Notes Chapter 1: Textual Influences 1. J. Mitchell, Psychoanalysis and Feminism (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1976) p R. Lakoff, Language and Woman's Place (London: Harper and Row, 1975). 3. Ibid., p D. Spender, Man Made Language (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1980). 5. Ibid., p Ibid., p T. Eagleton, Literary Theory (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1983) p L.S. Roudiez, 'Introduction' in J. Kristeva, Desire in Language (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1987) p J. Kristeva, 'La Traversee des signes' in Roudiez, ibid., p Kristeva, op. cit., p Ibid., pp R. Coward and J. Ellis, Language and Materialism (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1979) p Ibid., p Eagleton, ibid., p J. Donovan, 'Afterword: Critical Revision', inj. Donovan (ed. ),Feminist Literary Criticism (Kentucky: The University Press of Kentucky, 1989) p C. Register, 'American Feminist Literary Criticism: A Bibliographical Introduction' in Donovan, ibid., pp Ibid., p R. Barthes, S/Z (London: Jonathan Cape, 1975) p M. Foucault (ed.), I, Pierre Riviere (Harmondsworth: Peregrine, 1978) pp See J-P. Peter and J. Favret, 'The Animal, the Madman, and Death', in M. Foucault (ed.), ibid., pp Ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., p M. Foucault, ibid., pp. xi-xii. 27. A. Fontana, 'The Intermittences of Rationality', in M. Foucault (ed.), ibid., p Cf., p. xiii. 29. R. Barthes, The Pleasure of the Text (London: Jonathan Cape, 1975) p

2 188 D. H. Lawrence: Sexual Crisis 30. Foucault, ibid., p Ibid., p R. Barthes, Mythologies (London: Paladin, 1985) p Ibid., p Ibid., p P. Thody, Roland Barthes : A Conservative Estimate (London: MaClnillan, 1977) pp Barthes, ibid., p Ibid., p F. Wahl, 'A Note from the French Editor', in R. Barthes, The Rustle of Language (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1986). 39. R. Barthes, 'From Science to Literature', ibid., p R. Barthes, 'The Death of the Author', in Image - Music - Text (London: Fontana, 1984) p R. Barthes, 'From Work to Text', in Image - Music - Text, ibid., p J. Sturrock, 'Roland Barthes', in J. Sturrock (ed.), Structuralism and Since (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1984) p See R. Barthes, Sade, Fourier, Loyola (New York: Hill and Wang, 1976). 44. Ibid., p M. Bakhtin, Problems of Dostoevsky's Poetics (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1984) pp. 181, 183 and Ibid., pp Ibid., p M. Bakhtin, The Dialogic Imagination (Texas: University of Texas Press, 1987) p Bakhtin, op. cit., p D. H. Lawrence, The White Peacock (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1979). 51. D. H. Lawrence, The Plumed Serpent (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1978). 52. Bakhtin, op. cit., p Op. cit., pp Op. cit., p Op. cit., p Op. cit., p Op. cit., p Op. cit., p Op. cit., p Op. cit., p Op. cit., p Op. cit., p C. Emerson, 'Editor's Preface', in Problems of Dostoevsky's Poetics, ibid., p. xiii.

3 Notes 189 Chapter 2: Four Readers 1. See F. R. Leavis, D. H. Lawrence: Novelist (Harmondsworth: Pelican, 1978). 2. J. B. Sykes (ed.), The Concise Oxford Dictionary, 6th ed. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1976) p J. Coulson et al. (ed.), The Oxford Illustrated Dictionary, 1st ed. (London: Oxford University Press, 1962) p Leavis, ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., p P. Macheray, A Theory of Literary Production (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1978) p Leavis, ibid., p Following Sons and Lovers, Lawrence worked on a single project entitled The Sisters. By 1915, however, the year of its publication, it became known as The Rainbow and its 'twin' is referred to a year later as its sequel. 10. D. H. Lawrence, Selected Letters (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1978) p Leavis, ibid., p D. H. Lawrence, 'The State of Funk', in A. A. H. Inglis (ed.), A Selection from Phoenix (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1971) p R. Williams, 'Literature and Society: in memory of Lucien Goldmann', in New Left Review No. 67 (London, 1971) p Williams, loco cit. 15. F. R. Leavis and D. Thomson, Culture and Environment (London: Chatto and Windus, 1964). 16. G. Sturt, The Wheelwright's Shop (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1934). Sturfs book is an autobiographical account of 'folk' industry and 'folk' methods of work from the years , much of the text being concerned with the technical descriptions of a wheelwright's work. 17. F. R. Leavis, Two Cultures (London: Chatto and Windus, 1962) pp NB: Leavis here is quoting from C. P. Snow's Rede Lecture. 18. Cf., T. Hardy, The Woodlanders (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1985). 19. Cf., R. P. Bilan, The Literary Criticism of F. R. Leavis (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979) p Leavis, op. cit., p See G. Holderness,'The Rainbow and Organic Form', in Red Letters No. 10 (London: 1980). 22. Ibid., pp Ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., pp

4 190 D. H. Lawrence: Sexual Crisis 27. Cf., D. H. Lawrence, 'Odour of Chrysanthemums', in D. H. Lawrence (The Phoenix Edition), The Complete Short Stories, Vol. II (London: Heinemann, 1972). 28. Holderness, ibid., p Ibid., pp See H. M. Daleski, The Forked Flame (London: Faber and Faber, 1965). 31. Holderness, ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., p Daleski, ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., p. 74. Quoted from D. H. Lawrence's 'letter to A. W. Mcleod June 1914', in A. Huxley (ed.), The Letters old. H. Lawrence (London, 1956) p Ibid., p Ibid., pp K. Millett, Sexual Politics (London: Virago Press, 1981). 40. Ibid., p Ibid., p. 120 and p Ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., pp Ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., p See D. H. Lawrence, Sons and Lovers (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1977) p Lawrence, ibid., p Chapter 3: Sons and Lovers 1. Daleski, ibid., pp Ibid., p Eagleton, ibid., p Daleski, ibid., p Ibid., p D. H. Lawrence, Sons and Lovers (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1977) p Ibid., p J-P. Peter and J. Favret, 'The Animal, the Madman, and Death', in M. Foucault, I, Pierre Riviere (Harmondsworth: Peregrine, 1978) p S. Rowbotham, Hidden from History (London: Pluto Press, 1977) p J. Mitchell, Woman's Estate (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1976) p. 154.

5 Notes D. Hobson, 'Housewives: isolation as oppression' in Women Take Issue (London: Hutchinson, 1978) p Ibid., pp Mitchell, ibid., p Ibid., p Lawrence, ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., p J. Donzelot, The Policing of Families (London: Hutchinson, 1980) p Lawrence, ibid., p Ibid., p Daleski, ibid., p A. V. John, Coalmining Women (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984) pp Daleski, ibid., p Lawrence, ibid., p J-P. Peter and J. Favret, ibid., p (See also note 23 in Chapter 1.) 26. M. Spilka, The Love Ethic of D. H. Lawrence (London: Dobson Books, 1958) p Daleski, ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., p Lawrence, ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., p D. Edgar, Mary Barnes (London: Methuen, 1984) p. 6l. 34. T. Eagleton, The Rape of Clarissa (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1982) p Edgar, loco cit. 36. Loc. cit. 37. Lawrence, ibid., p L. Iragaray, 'Women's Exile', in Ideology and Consciousness No.1 (London: 1977) p Lawrence, ibid., pp Cf., M. Bakhtin, Problems of Dostoevsky's Poetics (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1984) pp Eagleton, ibid., p Lawrence, ibid., p B. Campbell, 'A Feminist Sexual Politics', in Feminist Review No.5 (London: 1980) p Lawrence, ibid., p Ibid., p. 419.

6 192 D. H. Lawrence: Sexual Crisis 46. Ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., p Chapter 4: The Rainbow 1. J. R. Walkowitz, 'Male Vice and Female Virtue: Feminism and the Politics of Prostitution in Nineteenth Century Britain', in A. Snitow et al. (ed.), Desire (London: Virago, 1984) p Ibid., p. 44. NB: Walkowitz in turn refers us to 'Women's Protest', in J. Butler, Personal Reminiscences of a Great Crusade (London, 1911) pp. 9, 10; K. Thomas, 'The Double Standard', in/ournal of the History of Ideas 20 (1959) pp D. H. Lawrence, The Rainbow (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1976) pp Cf., E. A. Kaplan, 'Is the Gaze Male?', in A. Snitow (ed.), ibid., pp R. Barthes, Empire of Signs (New York: Hill and Wang, 1982) p Cf., Lawrence, p M. Segalen, Love and Power in the Peasant Family (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1983) p Ibid., p Barthes, ibid., p Lawrence, ibid., p L. Stone, The Family, Sex and Marriage (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1977) p Daleski, ibid., p Millett, ibid., p Lawrence, ibid., p A. K. Shulman, 'A Story of a Girl and her Dog', in A. Snitow (ed.), ibid., p Cf., Lawrence, p Ibid., p Chapter 5: Women in Love 1. Cf., A. Rich, 'Compulsory Heterosexuality and Lesbian Existence', in A. Snitow et al. (ed.), Desire (London: Virago, 1984). 2. Ibid., p For Rich, the lesbian continuum as the term implies, is exclusive of specifically heterosexual experience. In contradistinction to Rich, I have introduced the less separatist term of an 'autonomous sexual continuum for women' which, echoing many heterosexual feminists, returns heterosexuality (and therefore men) back to the political problematic of women's struggles. 4. D. H. Lawrence, Women in Love (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1978) p.12.

7 Notes Ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., p R. Barthes, The Rustle of Language (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1986) p Lawrence, ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., pp Ibid., p C. Nixon, Lawrence's Leadership Politics and the Turn Against Women (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1986) p Lawrence, ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., pp Nixon, ibid., p Lawrence, ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., p Nixon, ibid., pp Ibid., p Ibid., p. 214; p M. Foucault, The History of Sexuality (Harmondsworth: Peregrine, 1984) p Lawrence, ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., p C. Clarke, "'Living Disintegration": a Scene from Women in Love Reinterpreted', in C. Clarke (ed.), The Rainbow and Women in Love (London: Macmillan, 1978) p Nixon, ibid., p Clarke, ibid., p Ibid., p Lawrence, ibid., p Nixon, ibid., p Lawrence, ibid., p Ibid., p Nixon, ibid., p Lawrence, ibid., p. 464.

8 194 D. H. Lawrence: Sexual Crisis 48. F. Kermode, Lawrence (London: Fontana, 1981) p Ibid., p Lawrence, ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., p Ibid., p. 530.

9 Index absence 41-2,45-6,47,52-4, 57-8,77,79,82,83,84,102, 103,104,109,111,122,128, 133, 134, 136-7, 144, 174 of a 'real' history of a sexual continuum for women 177 of class consciousness and group solidarity 184 of speech 74,127 adequacy alienation 93-4, 101, 163, 164 autonomous sexual continuum 143, 150, Bakhtin, Mikhail Barthes, Roland 1-2,21-6,30, 38 bloodbrotherhood 166, 167, 175, 177 see also Bliitbruderschaft Bliitbruderschaft 69, bourgeois ideology agent for the reproduction of 96 effects of 82 capitalist state 21, 93 colour, signification of 4, compulsory heterosexuality 122, 123-4, 124, 136,139, 140, 141, 142 'conclusions', omnipresent force of 181 Daleski, H. M , 72, 73, 75--8,101,108--9,117,119, 135 death of the author 3, 18,24 dialogue (dialogic, dialogical, dialogicality) 26,27,28--9, 29,30,31-3,34,35--7,89, , 113, 116, 119, , 128, 140, 152, 159, 164, , 172, 174-5, 180, 183 hidden (hidden dialogicality) 34-5,35,73-4,88,99,100-1, 106, 110, 120,122, interior 116 one-way 113 rejoinders in 95,98,99,101, , dialogic gap 107, 116 dialogism 28, difference 28,121, 144, 172, 179 concept of 42, 42-3 function of 147 discourse Bakhtin's definition of 26-7, 28 direct unmediated 28, 31, 33, 101, 136 double-voiced 28, 31-2, 32-3,34-5,99,134,136 guilt induced 158 objectified 28,31-2,32-3, 33-4, 102 potential 147-9, 150 pure 181 underlying prohibitions of 95 as utterance 26-7,29,34, 95 Eagleton, Terry 8, 76, 112 Edgar, David 112 Eliot, George 43,44, 56 Engels, Friedrich 62-3 erotica 117, 175 see also homoerotica eroticism 115 family, the concept of 62, 91-2, crimes within 11-12,13, 14-15,68, 69, 75, 77, 78,

10 196 Index family, the (cont.) 84, 91, 105, 106, 106-7, 109,184 family wage 85,86 fecal sensuality Foucault, Michel 11-21, 38, 72-3, 168 Freud, Sigmund 62-3 Freudian 64 Hardy, Thomas 49-50,59 Holderness, Graham 51-6, 57-8,61,121-2,122,135 heteroglossia 29 heterosexual morality 34, 166, 174 homoerotica xiii-xiv, 157-9, 176,177 homosexuality, latent 159, 174, 176 intertext 30 intertextual material 72 Kermode, Frank 178 Kristeva, Julia 3-4,6-8,38 Lady Chatterley's Lover ix, 64 Lakoff, Robin 4-5 language loss 150 of non-human singleness 170 positive and negative 6 our relation to 24-5 slideability of xvi-xvii structural organisation of 2 as symbolic function 7 see also semiotic; laughter, politics of laughter, politics of 17,90-1 Leavis, F. R ,51-2,53, 54,55-6,58,61,135 lesbianism xiii, 134-7, 139, linguistics 26,27,29,30 literary criticism epistemology of 9, 10, 19-20, 40,43-4,45,47,50-1,58, 59-60,63,65-6 Macherey, Pierre 44 marriage resistance 141-3, 144, 153, Marxism 8, 10, 48, 51, 53-4, 57 meta discourse 2 methodological strategy 2 Millett, Kate 61-70,71,73,119, 136 mining, representation of ,163 misogyny 67, 68 monologism (monologic, monological) 26,27,28, 31, 32, 35, 37-8, 72, 79-80, 82,83,86,99-100,119,120, 138, 139, 180 monologue 27,28,37,81,88 multi-utterance, see polyphony multi-voicedness, see polyphony mystic marriage 173 myth, structure and societal function of 21-3, 53, 124, 154-9, 165, 166, 175-8, Nixon, Cornelia 155, 156, 165-6, 171, 172 Odour of Chrysanthemums 53, 54,55 Oedipus complex 67-8, 69 other, the 17, 27, 29-30, 34-5, 35, 36, 74, 87, 125, 151, 154, 159, 166, 167, 169, 170, 172-3, otherness 3-4,42,43-4,92, 154, 165 patriarchal ideology 10, 63, 65, 71, 125, 160 law, signs of 131 relations 121 working-class independence 95

11 pabiarchy 61-2,64,66,71,73 peasant criminality 14 see also family, the, crimes within Plumed Serpent, The 32 polymorphous desire polyphonic 28, 3&-7, 37-8, 102, 123, 126 polyphony (multi-voicedness, multi-utterance) xvi-xvii, 15,28,30,31,50,74, 140, 168, 184 poverty, see family wage prostitution (prostitutional) 122-6, 160 Rainbow, The x, xiii, xiv, 26, 33,39-40,40-3,45-6,51-6, 57-9,60-1,64-5,113, , 141, 165, Register, Cheri 9-10 Rich, Adrienne 142 romantic love, concept of 62 Scrunity 48 Segalen, Martine 128 self 29-30,36,58, 71, 74, 135, 140, 165, 168, 174, finalised 125 unity of 139 semiology 22-3 semiotic &-7, 8, 115, 124 chora 4 of envy 161 of language 4 sexuality xiii, 59, 62, 64, 97, 110, , 117, 118, 119, 123, 124-5, 134-5, 136, 137, 138, 139, 155, 164, 169, 170, 174 ambiguous 177-8,179 'natural' 175 non-reproductive 165, 177 signifier, the 128, no, 152, 175 Sisters, The 45 Index 197 Snow, C. P social groups xv social sacrifice, concept of 78 sodomy xiii, 132-3, 134-5, 174 Sons and Lovers ix-x, x, xiii, xiv, 8, 20, 26, 31-2, 33, 33-4,39,39-40,53,54,55, 57,59-60,65,6&-9,71-120, 121, 130, 134, 163, 168, 182, 184 Spender, Dale 5-6 Spilka, Mark 108, star-equilibrium 173 subject constitutive 76 split 3, 6, 58 symbolic function 7 tactics, political-social, of exclusion 94, 95, 105 of holding on to the unity of the family 91 of the mid-nineteenth century female murderers 91 of policing the boundaries 98 of strengthening familial ideology 106 of survival 103 theory of reading 1-2 transcendence 171-3, 175, 175-6,176 translinguistics, object of 26 unfinalisability 30, 51-2, 102, 110, 117, 131, 140, 153 White Peacock, The 32 Williams, Raymond 48 Woodlanders, The, see Hardy, Thomas Woolf, Virginia 55-6 Women in Love x, xiii-xiv, 21, 22-3, 26, 33, 34, 40, 41, 42, 42-3,44, 45, 46, 57, 65, 113, , 184, 185