The Age of Augustus The University of Western Ontario

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1 The Age of Augustus The University of Western Ontario Classical Studies 3151F, Fall 2018 Randall Pogorzelski

2 Welcome Welcome to The Age of Augustus! This is a course designed for students with an interest in Roman history, literature, and visual culture, but it doesn t require any specific background knowledge. If you re especially interested in ancient Rome, you should consider learning Latin (and ancient Greek), but for this course all of the readings are in English. Instructor My name is Randall Pogorzelski, and I will be your instructor for this course. Please call me Randy. I arrived at Western in July of 2011 as an Assistant Professor of Classical Studies. Before I came to Western I was a Lecturer at Scripps College in Claremont, California, at the University of California, Irvine, and at the University of New England in Armidale, New South Wales. I teach mostly classical Latin language and literature courses, but I also have some experience with Greek language and literature courses as well as ancient history courses. My research focus is on the poetry of the early Roman Empire, most especially Virgil and Lucan. I also have an interest in the use of classical literature and myth in modern literature and culture. I wrote my Ph.D. thesis at the University of California, Santa Barbara on Virgil and James Joyce, and I ve taught courses including texts like Watchmen and Frankenstein. There are few things I enjoy more than talking about classical literature and history, so please feel free to contact me any time with questions about the course or about ancient Greece and Rome in general. Contact Details Phone: ext rpogorze@uwo.ca Office: Lawson Hall 3205B Office Hours: Mondays 9:30am-11:20am Office Hours and Appointments It s possible to make an appointment by to meet with me in my office any time, but there are two hours per week (Mondays from 9:30am-11:20am) when I m in my office and available to meet with students without an appointment. The hours when you can see me without an appointment are my regular office hours, and if it s possible for your schedule, that is the best time to meet with me. Class Meetings This class meets Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays from 1:30pm to 2:20pm in P&AB 117.

3 UWO Policies Note from the Dean of Arts and Humanities You are responsible for ensuring that you have successfully completed all course prerequisites and that you have not taken an antirequisite course. Lack of prerequisites may not be used as basis of appeal. If you are not eligible for a course, you may be removed from it at any time, and you will receive no adjustment to your fees. These decisions cannot be appealed. Plagiarism Students must write their essays and assignments in their own words. Whenever students take an idea, or a passage of text from another author, they must acknowledge their debt both by using quotation marks where appropriate and by proper referencing such as footnotes or citations. Plagiarism is a major academic offence (see Scholastic Offence Policy in the Western Academic Calendar). Scholastic Offences Scholastic offences are taken seriously and students are directed to read the appropriate policy, specifically, the definition of what constitutes a Scholastic Offence, at the following Web site: UWO Policy on Accommodation for Medical Illness [downloadable Student Medical Certificate (SMC): Students seeking academic accommodation on medical grounds for any missed tests, exams and/or assignments worth 10% or more of their final grade must apply to the Office of the Dean of their home faculty and provide documentation. ACADEMIC ACCOMMODATION CANNOT BE GRANTED BY THE INSTRUCTOR OR DEPARTMENT. UWO Accessibility Policy Western has many services and programs that support the personal, physical, social and academic needs of students with disabilities. For more information and links to these services: Mental Health Students who are in emotional/mental distress should refer to Mental Health@Western for a complete list of options about how to obtain help. Course Policies Class Attendance Attendance for this class is required, but not assessed. I will not keep track of who attends class and who doesn't, but it is expected that you will attend every class session.

4 Course Information Course Description A political, cultural, and literary history of Rome from the assassination of Julius Caesar to the ascension of Tiberius. Readings from secondary sources will complement our study of Augustan coinage, sculpture, painting, monuments, poetry and prose. What can we conclude about the ideology of the age? What made it unique? Learning Outcomes At the end of this course you will be familiar with the history, literature, and visual culture of Rome in the Augustan period. The events of this period had extraordinarily far-reaching consequences, and the culture of the period has been exceptionally influential. By studying the process of historical and cultural change and development in ancient Rome, you will gain a new perspective on modern history and our contemporary world. You will be able to discuss knowledgably and without notes key texts and ideas from the Augustan period. When topics like the change from republic to empire or art as propaganda come up in conversation, you should be able to make comparisons of modern ideas with ancient ones using specific ancient examples. More generally and more importantly, you will have gained or advanced an ability to analyze ancient Roman history. Ancient sources are not always straightforward or trustworthy, and you will practice reading against the grain, i.e. reading ancient texts to find out more than just what they want to tell you. In the process you will have improved your skills in critical thinking and analysis skills which are transferrable to a variety of fields of study and professional employment, and which will improve your appreciation of any text. You will have practiced and developed your scholarly writing ability an ability useful not only for professional scholars, but in a variety of careers. Most importantly, this course aims to develop an appreciation of ancient Roman history, literature, and art. It will be work, but it should also be fun, and you may find yourself with a lifelong appreciation of ancient Rome. Required Texts Richardson, J. S. Augustan Rome 44 BC to AD 14: The Restoration of the Republic and Establishment of the Empire. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, Zanker, Paul. The Power of Images in the Age of Augustus. trans. Alan Shapiro. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, Other assigned texts will be available in PDF format on the OWL site.

5 Schedule of Readings and Class Topics Week 1 (Fri 9/7) Reading Assignment: No reading for this week Class Topic: Introduction to the course Week 2 (Mon 9/10, Wed 9/12, Fri 9/14) Reading Assignment: Res Gestae Divi Augusti Class Topic: Overview of the Age of Augustus Week 3 (Mon 9/17, Wed 9/19, Fri 9/21) Reading Assignment: Richardson, Augustan Rome chapters 1 and 2 Class Topic: The assassination of Caesar Week 4 (Mon 9/24, Wed 9/26, Fri 9/28) Reading Assignment: Richardson, Augustan Rome chapter 3 Class topic: The triumvirate Week 5 (Mon 10/1, Wed 10/3, Fri 10/5) Reading Assignment: Propertius book 1 and Miller s Introduction to Latin Erotic Elegy Class Topic: Augustan love poetry Reading Week: 10/8-10/12 Week 6 (Mon 10/15, Wed 10/17, Fri 10/19) Reading Assignment: Zanker, The Power of Images in the Age of Augustus chapters 1 and 2 Class Topic: Visual art in the triumviral period Week 7 (Mon 10/22, Wed 10/24, Fri 10/26) Reading Assignment: No reading assignment for this week Class Topic: Research methods and essay writing Midterm Test on Friday, 10/26 at the regular class time in the regular class room Week 8 (Mon 10/29, Wed 10/31, Fri 11/2) Reading Assignment: Richardson, Augustan Rome chapter 4 Class Topic: 29 BCE-12 BC Essay 1 due Friday, 11/2 at 4:30pm Week 9 (Mon 11/5, Wed 11/7, Fri 11/9) Reading Assignment: Richardson, Augustan Rome chapter 5 Class Topic: 12 BCE-14 CE Week 10 (Mon 11/12, Wed 11/14, Fri 11/16) Reading Assignment: Richardson, Augustan Rome chapter 6 Class Topic: Historical review Week 11 (Mon 11/19, Wed 11/21, Fri 11/23) Reading Assignment: Zanker, The Power of Images in the Age of Augustus chapter 4 Class Topic: Visual art in the Augustan period Week 12 (Mon 11/26, Wed 11/28, Fri 11/30) Reading Assignment: Ovid, Metamorphoses 3 and Galinsky, Augustan Culture chapter 5 Class Topic: Augustan Literature

6 Week 13 (Mon 12/3, Wed 12/5, Fri 12/7) Reading Assignment: Res Gestae Divi Augusti Class Topic: Overview of the Age of Augustus Essay 2 due Friday, 12/7 at 4:30pm Final Exam Date and Location as Scheduled by the Registrar

7 Assessment Information Introduction The components of your mark in this course will be two short essays, a midterm test, and a final exam. Having your performance in a course assessed and graded can be stressful, but try to keep in mind that grades are an important part of your university experience. You re here not only to learn, but also to have your level of success in learning assessed. Think of having your work marked as an opportunity to show what you ve learned. Also, remember that your marks are a measure of your academic performance and not a judgment of you as a person. Percentage Breakdown Midterm Test: 20% Essay 1: 20% Essay 2: 30% Final Exam: 30% Important Dates Midterm Test: Friday, October 26 th, 1:30-2:20pm, in the regular classroom Essay 1: Due Friday, November 2 nd, 4:30pm, via OWL Essay 2: Due Friday, December 7 th, 4:30pm, via OWL Final Exam: As scheduled by the registrar Midterm Test and Final Exam Content and Format The midterm test and final exam will consist of multiple-choice questions. There will be 40 questions on the midterm test and 60 questions on the final exam. You will have 50 minutes for the midterm test and 120 minutes for the final exam, but it is unlikely that you will need the whole time for either. You will not be allowed the use of any books, notes, or electronic devices during the test or exam. For the sake of equity, especially for those students writing the test and exam in a separate location with accommodations, I will not answer any questions during the test or exam. The final exam will be cumulative, testing material covered from the beginning of the semester but focusing on material from the second half of the course. The exam is cumulative because the course is designed so that early material retains its significance and later material will only make sense with knowledge from the early part of the course. The interdependence of earlier and later material makes it impossible to provide precise proportions of questions testing early and late material. The portion of questions testing material from the lectures and questions testing material from the assigned reading will vary. The most important material will be covered both in the readings and in the lectures, but there will be some questions testing material from the readings that was not in the lectures and some questions testing material from the lectures that was not in the readings. The interdependence of the lectures and readings makes it impossible to provide precise proportions of questions testing lecture material and reading material. Computer-marked multiple-choice tests and/or exams may be subject to submission for similarity review by software that will check for unusual coincidences in answer patterns that may indicate cheating. Please remember to bring photo ID and a pencil to the midterm test and final exam. Essays You will write two essays for this course, each 1,200-1,500 words (approximately 4-5 pages, but please count words rather than pages). Writing two short essays rather than one long one will give you a chance to learn from the mistakes of your first essay and improve on the second.

8 How to turn in your essays: You must submit your essay as a DOC or DOCX file to the assignment on the OWL site. The filename should be your last name followed by Essay 1 or Essay 2. No paper copy is necessary. The OWL assignment will use Turnitin.com for textual similarity review for the detection of plagiarism. All required papers may be subject to submission for textual similarity review to the commercial plagiarism detection software under license to the University for the detection of plagiarism. All papers submitted for such checking will be included as source documents in the reference database for the purpose of detecting plagiarism of papers subsequently submitted to the system. Use of the service is subject to the licensing agreement, currently between The University of Western Ontario and Turnitin.com ( ). Formatting: Your paper must be in 12pt. Times New Roman with 1-inch (2.54cm) margins. Please include page numbers and your name on every page in a document header. Your paper must have a title. No cover sheet is necessary. Sources and Citations: For your citations, please follow the guidelines in the Chicago Manual of Style. The complete manual is available online through the UWO library. You may use either traditional footnotes or author-date style. When citing ancient sources, you should not use page numbers, but rather the standard locations in the ancient sources. Sections of the Chicago Manual of Style deal with Classical Greek and Latin References. For Propertius, this means citing the book, poem, and line numbers. For Ovid, this means citing the book and line numbers. In general, those of you who can t read Latin may have to estimate the line numbers from the translations in the Loeb texts. For the Res Gestae, you should cite chapter numbers. For other ancient prose sources, you should cite the book and chapter numbers. This is a standard scholarly practice that allows us to find the cited passage in the original source even when we use different editions. If you have any questions about how to cite ancient sources, we will devote some class time to the issue before the first essay is due. There is no set number of primary (i.e. ancient texts or images you are analyzing) or secondary (i.e. modern texts that use or analyze primary sources) sources you must use in your essay. The best essays will make good use of both primary and secondary sources, but they will also use sources as needed to support the argument and locate it in the scholarly conversation rather than simply citing sources for the sake of citations. You will find a list of suggested sources below, but please do not restrict yourself to the items on the list. The audience: Write your paper for a generally knowledgeable academic audience. You can assume that your audience has read the primary texts assigned for the class, but will need to be reminded of the context of specific passages. Please avoid writing to me or to your classmates. You must not assume that your audience has any knowledge of our class lectures or discussions. Do not refer to our class in your paper. It may be helpful to imagine that you are writing for an academic journal or conference, or that you are composing a writing sample for a scholarship application. Suggested topics for Essay 1: You may write your paper on any topic as long as you write about a topic relevant to our class. If you are having trouble thinking of a topic it may be helpful to meet with me outside of class or to start with one of the following suggestions: 1. How important were arrangements for army veterans in the triumviral period? In what ways did former soldiers dictate the events of the so-called Roman revolution, and in what ways did

9 the generals manipulate them? 2. Zanker argues the Antony was betrayed by his own image (57) as his association with Dionysus/Bacchus backfired and opened him to harsh criticism. To what extent did the young Caesar s propaganda influence the outcome of the war, and to what extent does it look in retrospect that Antony lost the fight over public image because he lost the military battle? 3. Some powerful women lived in the late republican and triumviral periods in Rome. Miller mentions Sempronia (7), Clodia (7), and Cornelia (10). Richardson includes quite a bit about Fulvia (24, 34, 48-49, 51, 66, 73, 157). To what extent and in what ways is Propertius Cynthia a powerful woman? Use quotations from the poems to demonstrate your point. Suggested topics for Essay 2: You may write your paper on any topic as long as you write about a topic relevant to our class. If you are having trouble thinking of a topic it may be helpful to meet with me outside of class or to start with one of the following suggestions: 1. Augustus Res Gestae is an important source, but it s not our only source for the period. How accurate is its representation of Augustus and the Augustan period? For a short essay like this one, it would be best to focus on a specific example of a claim and an assessment of its accuracy. 2. Ovid s Metamorphoses 3 shows Actaeon and Pentheus being punished for seeing what they shouldn t. Does the poem depict their punishments as justified? Analyze quotations from the text to show why or why not. 3. Augustus monumental building program dramatically changed the visual experience of visiting or living in the city of Rome. Choose a monument and analyze how it reflected and augmented the auctoritas of Augustus. Common choices might be the Theater of Marcellus, the Solarium Augusti, or the Temple of Mars Ultor. Department of Classical Studies: Grading Rubric for Honors-Level Essays / A+ (Outstanding) Writing strongly demonstrates: i) significant originality and high degree of critical engagement with primary sources and secondary scholarly literature, ii) sophisticated synthesis and analysis of theoretical and conceptual dimensions of topic, iii) all major primary and secondary sources have been consulted, iv) prescribed format of paper including proper citation of sources is rigorously followed; mature prose style free of grammatical error / A (Excellent) Writing clearly demonstrates: i) originality and high degree of critical engagement with primary sources (written or material) and the secondary scholarly literature, ii) writing is perceptive and probing in its conceptual analysis, iii) topic is focused, logically organized, and thesis effectively presented and argued, iv) majority of primary and secondary sources have been consulted, v) prescribed format of paper including proper citation of sources is followed; well developed prose style virtually free of grammatical error / B+ (Very Good) Writing demonstrates: i) above average analysis, critical thinking, and independent thought, ii) topic is addressed in reasonable depth and/or breadth, thesis is well presented and clearly argued, iii) representative selection of primary and secondary sources has been consulted, iv) prescribed format of paper including proper citation of sources is followed; good intelligible prose style relatively free of grammatical error.

10 70 74 / B (Good) Writing demonstrates: i) satisfactory attempt at analysis and critical thinking; arguments supported by reasonable evidence, ii) topic has been addressed in some depth and/or breadth, iii) somewhat limited selection of primary and secondary sources has been consulted, iv) text is generally well written; some problems with grammar and prose style / C (Competent) Writing demonstrates: i) only adequate engagement with the topic, ii) limited depth and/or breadth in conceptualization and discussion of topic, iii) insufficient number of primary and/or secondary sources has been consulted, iv) paper has numerous problems of organization, clarity of argument, and grammar / D (Poor) Writing demonstrates: i) inadequate engagement with topic, ii) factual errors regarding primary sources and lack of understanding of secondary literature, iii) few of key primary and secondary sources have been consulted, iv) prose style is difficult to follow, improper format for paper, incorrect citation of sources, many grammatical errors. Below 50 / F (Unacceptable) Writing demonstrates: i) failure to comprehend the topic, ii) topic is not clear, text is disorganized and/or unintelligible, iii) few or no relevant primary and/or secondary sources have been consulted, iv) writing skills do not meet the minimum university entrance-level standards. 0 (No Grade due to plagiarism) Books on Reserve in Weldon I have requested that the following items be placed on reserve in the Weldon Library. They may be helpful in researching your essay topic. There is no set number of sources you must cite in your essay, but the best essays will make good use of both primary and secondary sources. For ancient sources, I recommend using the texts and translations in the Loeb Classical Library, available online through the UWO Library (see below: Online Resources). Conte, Gian Biagio. Latin Literature: A History. trans. Joseph B. Solodow. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, PA6008.C This is a general history of Latin literature organized chronologically by author. There is an article on every author of Latin literature with basic biographical information, summaries of their work, descriptions of major scholarly approaches, and brief bibliographies of important works. For those of you working on literary topics, it s worth looking at the articles on the author or authors you re researching. Cooley, Alison. Res Gestae Divi Augusti. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, DG279.A This is the best current edition of the Res Gestae. It has an excellent introduction and commentary as well as the text in Latin, Greek, and English. If you re doing research using the Res Gestae, I recommend this book. Eck, Werner. The Age of Augustus. 2 nd ed. Malden: Blackwell, DG279.E I might have assigned this book as the textbook for this course. It s a general introduction designed for students. It s a little more accessible and less detailed than Richardson. Edmondson, Jonathan, ed. Augustus. Edinburgh: Edinburg University Press, DG279.A This is a collection of important papers on Augustan Rome, including some translated into English for the first time. It s not comprehensive, but if you want to see the kind of original papers that have made

11 an impact on the field, it s worth looking through. Galinsky, G. Karl. Augustan Culture: An Interpretive Introduction. Princeton: Princeton University Press, DG279.G This is a general overview of Augustan culture, and I considered making it the textbook for this course. It s accessible and integrates a wide range of types of cultural production. There s not a lot of historical narrative, but if you re looking for a good introduction to the culture of the period, this is a fine place to start. Galinsky, G. Karl, ed. The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Augustus. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, DG279.C The Cambridge Companion series collects contributions by a variety of scholars and aims to produce comprehensive overviews of scholarly areas. This is a fine contribution to the series with short essays aimed to introduce various topics and written especially for the volume. Habinek, Thomas, and Alessandro Schiesaro, eds. The Roman Cultural Revolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, DG279.R This is a good collection of short essays by various scholars on Roman culture in the Augustan period. It s not as comprehensive or introductory as Galinsky, but it includes some more advanced and exciting ideas. Holmes, T. Rice. The Architect of the Roman Empire, 2 vols. Oxford: Clarendon, DG268.H6 (vols. 1 and 2) Although now outdated, this is one of two major histories of the Augustan period from the first half of the twentieth century. It s positive portrayal of Augustus should be contrasted with Ronald Syme s 1939 depiction of Augustus as a kind of ancient fascist (see below under Online Resources ). Syme and Holmes formed a pair of opposite and influential studies of the period for a long time, although Syme has been far more famous and influential. Kent, John. Roman Coins. London: Thames and Hudson, CJ833.K4613 (oversize) This is a large collection of Roman coin images, notable for the high quality of the photographs. Kleiner, Diana. Roman Sculpture. New Haven: Yale University Press, NB115.K A fine overview of and introduction to Roman sculpture. Those of you interested in working on the sculpture of the Augustan period would benefit from this book. Levick, Barbara. Augustus: Image and Substance. New York: Longman, DG279.L This book is a good scholarly reassessment of Augustus and his political career. Levick s approach is more biographical than political, and it assumes a good knowledge of the history of the politics. For those familiar with the history, it s an interesting take on current views of the princeps. Mattingly, Harold. Roman Coins from the Earliest Times to the Fall of the Western Empire. 2 nd ed. London: Methuen and Company, CJ833.M This is an older but still useful introduction to Roman coins. If you re writing on coins but you don t know about the broader history and importance of Roman coins, this is a good overview. Millar, Fergus, and Erich Segal. Caesar Augustus: Seven Aspects. Oxford: Clarendon, DG279.C This is a collection of papers for Ronald Syme s 80 th birthday, and it includes work by the best and most famous scholars of the Augustan period in the 1980s. Nicolet, Claude. Space, Geography, and Politics in the Early Roman Empire. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, G86.N The history of geography may not sound like an interesting topic, but you ll be hooked after reading this fascinating and important book.

12 Osgood, Josiah. Caesar s Legacy: Civil War and the Emergence of the Roman Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, DG279.O If you re looking for a good narrative of the civil wars, this is an excellent read. Raaflaub, Kurt, and Mark Toher, Between Republic and Empire: Interpretations of Augustus and his Principate. Berkeley: University of California Press, DG279.B This is another book for Syme, intended to mark the 50 th anniversary of The Roman Revolution and ultimately published just after Syme s death. Many of the essays engage directly with Syme, and it s a good place to look to see how relatively recent scholarship has modified or revised his influential ideas. Ramage, Nancy H., and Andrew Ramage. Roman Art: Romulus to Constantine. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall, N5760.R This is the standard Roman art textbook, and for those of you who want to work on Augustan visual arts, it s a good place to get an overview of Roman art in general. It will help to provide context for the art of the Augustan period specifically. Rehak, Paul. Imperium and Cosmos: Augustus and the Northern Campus Martius. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, DG66.R This is a good book especially for those working on essay topic 6, on the building program and monumental architecture. Richardson, John. Augustan Rome 44 BC to AD 14: The Restoration of the Republic and the Establishment of the Empire. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, DG279.R This is a required text for the course, so you should all own it. I m putting it on reserve just in case. Severy, Beth. Augustus and the Family at the Birth of the Roman Empire. New York: Routledge, DG279.S For those of you working on issues of the family and marriage, this is a good book to look at. It s the standard overview of the topic these days. Stevenson, Seth William. A Dictionary of Roman Coins, Republican and Imperial. Hildesheim: G. Olms, CJ829.S Those of you interested in Roman coins may find the terms and abbreviations confusing. This book can help. Sutherland, C. H. V., and R. A. G. Carson. The Roman Imperial Coinage. London: Spink and Son, CJ969.R (vol. 1) If you want to look closely at the coins from the Augustan period and early empire, this is the book for you. Sometimes the selections made by Zanker or Mattingly are not exactly the coins you d like to look at, and this one has more. White, Peter. Promised Verse: Poets in the Society of Augustan Rome. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, PA6047.W Those of you working on poetry, and especially on poetry and politics, might be interested in this treatment of the period. Wistrand, Erik. The So-Called Laudatio Turiae: Introduction, Text, Translation, and Commentary. Goteborg: Acta Universitatis Gothoburgensis, PA6451.L393W5 If we had more time in the semester I d spend some of it working on this inscription, which is a long funerary inscription by a husband for his wife. Not only is it a touching memorial, but it s also an important source for the role of women in the triumviral period. Those of you working on essay topic 3 might be especially interested in this and Osgood s Turia (see below under Online Resources ). Woodman, Tony, and David West, eds. Poetry and Politics in the Age of Augustus. Cambridge:

13 Cambridge University Press, PA6029.P64P Like Peter White s book, this is a good introduction to the relationship between poetry and politics in the Augustan period. Zanker, Paul. The Power of Images in the Age of Augustus. trans. Alan Shapiro. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, N5760.Z This is a required text for the course, so you should all own it. I m putting it on reserve just in case. Online Resources In addition to the books on reserve in Weldon, you may find the following online resources helpful. Most of them require a subscription, so if you re not on campus you ll need to log into Off-Campus Access on the Western Libraries home page before you can access the texts. To find these resources, a keyword search of the Library catalogue should work. The Loeb Classical Library This is an excellent and pretty comprehensive collection of ancient Greek and Roman texts with the original Latin or Greek and an English translation. You can find it by doing a keyword catalogue search for Loeb Classical Library. The Chicago Manual of Style, 17 th ed. This is my preferred writing style manual, and in it you ll find detailed answers to all kinds of questions about how to write an essay. TOCS-IN (Table of Contents of Journals of Interest to Classicists) This is a good database of journal articles. If you re doing independent research, you can search for keywords and get a good list of articles to look at. L Année Philologique More than TOCS-IN, this is the standard database of articles and books in Classical Studies. The interface is complex and can be a little clunky, but it s worth doing a search on the topic of your research. The Bryn Mawr Classical Review If you re looking for books instead of articles, this is a good place to start. It s a searchable series of online book reviews covering most of the books published in the fields of Classics and Ancient History since Do a search for some keywords on your topic and you should get a nice list of books to look at. Boatwright, Mary T., Daniel J. Gargola, and Richard J. A. Talbert. The Romans: From Village to Empire. New York: Oxford University Press, This book is a good introduction to and overview of Roman history. For those of you without a background in Classical Studies, this would be a good place to look for general information and historical narrative. It s much less detailed and scholarly than Richardson, but very readable and reliable. Bowman, Alan K., Edward Champlin, and Andrew Lintott, eds. The Cambridge Ancient History, vol. 10: Augustan Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, The Cambridge Ancient History is a massive project covering the entire history of ancient Greece and Rome. Volume 10 covers our period and has an excellent and scholarly treatment of the major issues. I considered making it the textbook for our course, but it may be just a bit too advanced for that. Crawford, Michael H. Roman Republican Coinage. New York: Cambridge University Press, If you re interested in the coins of the triumviral period (e.g. if you re working on essay topic 2) but you re not satisfied just by the selections in Zanker, this is a good place to look. It has more information

14 than most people could want on Republican coins. Hornblower, Simon, and Anthony Spawforth, eds. The Oxford Classical Dictionary. 4 th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, This is an encyclopedia of everything classical, with very short entries on all topics, including brief bibliographies of essential scholarship. Johnson, Patricia. Ovid Before Exile: Art and Punishment in the Metamorphoses. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, Those of you working on essay topic 5 may be interested in this book. It doesn t cover book 3, but does have a good take on the issue of punishment in the Metamorphoses. Osgood, Josiah. Turia: A Roman Woman s Civil War. Oxford: Oxford University Press, If we had more time in the semester I d spend some of it working on the inscription this book is about: a long funerary inscription by a husband for his wife. Not only is it a touching memorial, but it s also an important source for the role of women in the triumviral period. Those of you working on essay topic 3 might be especially interested in this and Wistrand (see above under Books on Reserve in Weldon ). Scheidel, Walter, Ian Morris, and Richard Saller, eds. The Cambridge Economic History of the Greco-Roman World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, If you re interested in the ancient economy, this is the place to start, and it has a good section on our period. Syme, Ronald. The Roman Revolution. Oxford: Oxford University Press, Don t be fooled by the copyright date this is Syme s book from 1939, treating Augustus as a kind of ancient fascist. It s the most famous and influential book of Roman history from the 20 th century, and even though it s now outdated, it s a fascinating and compelling read.