This document is downloaded from DR-NTU, Nanyang Technological University Library, Singapore.

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1 This document is downloaded from DR-NTU, Nanyang Technological University Library, Singapore. Title AMIC-DEPPEN Seminar on the Socio-economic Impact of Broadcast Satellites in the Asia-Pacific Region : Jakarta, Jul 25-27, 1990 : [working groups reports - national integration, education, rural development, and traditional values] Author(s) Citation Date 1990 URL Rights

2 Working Groups Reports - National Integration, Education, Rural Development, And Traditional Values Paper No.24

3 Soc io-economic Impact of Broadcast Satellites Jakarta, July NATIONAL Working Groups INTEGRATION (Tentative) Chair: Piuf. OfcJlo buinardjan J^r t~^&~~^ Mr. Liew Ter Kwang Dr. Kanok Jainjirapongvej Dr. Samsudin A Rahim Dr. Erich Vogt EDUCATION Chair: Mr. Neville Petersen Dr. J.L. Parapak Dr. Joompol Rudcumdee Mr. Tan Wee Chin Mr. Madz i Johar i RURAL DEVELOPMENT Chair: Mr-. Sukarno Dr.Chao Thongma Dr. Jose R. Lacson Mr. Radz i Mansor Mr. Graham Davey TRADITIONAL VALUES Chair: Mr. K. Kurian Date- Dol Rami i Dr. Malee Boomsiripunth Dr. Tony Kuelemans Dr. Elena Pernia -Abdul i^achman

4 NATIONAL INTEGRATION CROUP The group discussion conclude thai the broadcast satellites for TV and radio can play a very significant and decisive role in promoting national integration. In a multi ethnic country, however, the content of these media is important. In order to play a constructive role, TV and radio have to meet several requirements. Some of these are : TV and radio have to be instruments for promoling national integration. Those media have to be credible, trusted, and efficient. Above all, people must be proud of these media. And they must feel a sense of possesiveness about these. Program content has to be relevant to daily life of people, sensitive to the local needs, and attractive to the people at large. In order to have the best media content, those who are involved and concerned with this matter have to conduct research both pre- and post-program. In addition to research, to bui It and develop the program content, one has to include people from different groups and social classes. to select and determine the media content.. These people should be included in a national advisory council on broadcas f i ng. The selection and determination of the media content have to be sensitive and responsive to socio-economic, cultural, idological, and political situation, so that 111" messages will enhance the sense of unity among different ethnic, re 1 igious, and linguistic g roups. Certain rules and codes have t'-!<< made by the advisory 1

5 council in order to avoid injustice to any group especially minorities. Special channels (if possible) should be provided to needy groups. Specific programs should be made to highlight national history, custom, tradition, arts and craft, medicine, etc. Such programs are meant to promote national pride, national heros and heroines in such areas as, science, technology, arts, sports, etc;. Foreign programs are to be cautiously selected and kept minimal, and suited to national rules and codes. He torogeniety need not be disadvantage if program planning is undertaken with imagination. Citizens should be made aware of the cultural heritage of different regions. It is important, however, that regional station should be set up to cal.lor to the speci lie; pogram needs of regions. Research will establish whether the program meant for the regions are fullj 1 ling the needs of the regions. Jakarta, July 27, >

6 EDUCATION GROUP RECOMMENDATION Draft II 27 July 1990 Satellite has revolutionized the way we communicate. Its exponential growth is striking. And its potential to facilitate social and economic development is unlimited. There has been to a long discussion underway to use communication satellite for development, especially for educational purposes in developing countries. The vast geographical area and the number of population that need good educational facilities and infrastructures in the Asia Pacific region has made policy makers, communication researchers and practioners put a great deal of hope into satellite technology. Unfortunately, as shown in the papers presented during the seminars, and mentioned in the discussions in the plenary sessions as well as in the group, except in few countries such as Thailand anda China, the satellite has not yet been utilized fully for educational purpose. More over, the group also realized that: 1. Radio and TV broadcasting has also been considered amongst developing countries not only as a complementary to support educational either formal, non-formal or informal education 1

7 but also is considered as a means to leveliae up the quality of education through out the country and to give educational equity to each citizen of the respective countries to have proper education. 2. Several countries in Asia Pacific Region are striving for utilizing radio and TV broadcasting for improving and enhancing the education by carrying out formal, non formal and informal educational programs. Most countries have been succesfully in their effort to out a nation-wide non-formal and informal educational carry through radio and TV broadcasting. But only a few countries has been seccessful in carrying out formal educational broadcasting. After discussing in detail the potential of satellite broadcasting in the field of education as well as the hindrances that viewed to have hampered the application of the satellite the group comes up with the following recommendations. 1. The Asia-Pacific countries should strive to fully utilize the ample satellite capacities for educational purposes to distribute development messages, i.e: to motivate quality of life, national integrity, etc. especially for the people in the remotest place which could not be reached by other means of communications. 2

8 2. To increase the utilization of the satellite communication and its end-equipments ( Telephone, SKDP, TV, Radio,etc) in the field of education cooperation among actors involved within the countries (i.e. Department of Education, Depatrment of Information, Departemetn of Post and Telecommunication, Telecommunications Practioners, Research Centers, etc) should be arranged Cooperation among countries in the field of educational broadcasting also is also highly recommended to share experiences. 3. Institutional commitment is very much needed to ensure the success of educational broadcasting programs. To ensure this type of commitment communication policies and planning must be developed. A working group among involved sectors and actors vertically and horizontally; government, media organizations, practitioners and the public should be set. 4. The group also realized the need for extensive research to examine the problems, and to find the appropiate solutions to fully utilized the satellite technology. The research should cover a wide variety of issues including, but not limited to the issues of audience, content, program, cost, type of education, policy, etc. 3

9 EDUCATION GROUP MEETING : Name Educational Institusion 1. Dr. Naswil Idris 2. Dr. Marwah Daud Ibrahim 3. Brandan.Sembiring 4. S i s w a d i 5. M.A. Setioadji 6. Hoetojo Hoerip 7. Dr. Joompol Rodcumdee 8. Dr. Malee Boonsiripunth Indonesian Open University B P P T DEPPEN Multi Media (MMTC) T V R I Multi Media (MMTC) Chulalongkorn University Thailand Thammasat University Thailand 4

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16 REPORT OF THE TRADITIONAL VALUES GROUP After considering the issues raised during the seminar relating to traditional values. The group determined that despite recent trends towards deregulation in the region and elsewhere. There was a responsibility on the part of Governments, Broadcasters, Research and Aid-Giving Organisations to monitor the impact on traditional values of enhanced and expanded television coverage and access to sophisticated telecommunications facilities, (a) to determine the extent of such impact, (b) to determine which values are universally accepted as worthy of preservation, (c) to establish mechanisms for ensuring that appropriate traditional values are reflected through television exposure, particularly at local level, and (d) to put in place education programs which promote media use and understanding. The group accordingly recommends : (1) While finding some regional fears about the impact of new satellite technologies on Traditional Values Overstated, and that in particular there was a need for traditional societies to confront and to understand the benefits of science and technology. The group nevertheless believes it.is necessary for Governments to establish mechanisms to monitor the situation closely, to establish national cultural guidelines and to take steps to implement a regional study of the interaction of these new technologies and enhanced information flow on these values. (2)* While noting that some countries are already taking steps to ensure that traditional cultures of distictive areas are brought to the attention of a national audience through television, more shluld be done to enssure that the plurality and multiplicity of diverse cultures be ref e lected on television networks. 1

17 (3) Believing also that more could be done at local level through television to promote traditional values and to focus attention on local needs and issues. The group accordingly recommends that Governments should seek ways of encouraging appropriate small-scalf local production, perhaps through subsidies on the purchase of television equi pment. By ensuring media education programs beginning at primary level aim at greater awareness of television's potential for enriching local life. And by the use of aid programs to fund such courses the group in particular notes that UNESCO Funds have been made available to AMIC for a media education workshop and recommends that AMIC apply these funds in the context of the educational needs outlined. Neville Peterson 2