BBN ANG 141 Foundations of phonology 13 The shape of things to come

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1 BBN ANG 141 Foundations of phonology 13 The shape of things to come Péter Szigetvári Dept of English Linguistics, Eötvös Loránd University szp (delg) intro phono 13/the future 1/ 17

2 language change linguistic systems constantly change linguistic systems do not change uniformly some speakers adopt a new form, others do not some words under the scope of the change are altered, others are not to predict the directions of change we must examine how younger speakers speak szp (delg) intro phono 13/the future 2/ 17

3 Standard British English the standard of the 20th century: RP (Received Pronunciation, also known as Public School English) RP is today considered outdated, old-fashioned, posh, funny Estuary English Cockneyfied RP proposals for the name of today s standard General British (GB) Current British English (CUBE) Standard Southern British English (SSBE) szp (delg) intro phono 13/the future 3/ 17

4 th-fronting [T] > [f] and [D] > [d] or [v] [T] > [f] without restriction: eg think [fink], path [pa:f], month pathetic faithful [D] > [v] after a vowel or glide: eg mother bathe [bejv], without [wiváwt] [D] > [d] elsewhere: eg then [den], the cat [d@ kát], although mergers hearth=half, Ruth=roof, thallic=phallic, thawed=ford, thin=fin, third=furred, thorn=faun, thought=fort/fought, three=free, throws=froze; clothe=clove, lather=larva, nether=never, oaths=oaves, then=den, thence=dense, there=dare, they=day, etc szp (delg) intro phono 13/the future 4/ 17

5 palatalization: in stressed syllable RP osbe CUBE GA EAnglia pure j j j j beauty j j j j few j j j j music j j j j new j j j/ Tuesday j j ٠duke j j à thuja j j lewd j suit j Zeus j chew Jew rule cube j j j j szp (delg) intro phono 13/the future 5/ 17

6 further cases of palatalization s S before palatals miss you mis j0w mis j0w disregard disr@ga:d disr@ga:d Israel IzrEjl IZrEjl question kwests@n kwests@n stupid sts0wpid StS0wpId t/d ts/dz before palatals try traj tsraj drink drink dzrink alogether string strin stupid stj0wpid StSrIN StS0wpId szp (delg) intro phono 13/the future 6/ 17

7 the anticlockwise vowel shift e 0 E æ a U o O A,6 RP CUBE e E æ a ai Aj 6 O O: o: U 0 szp (delg) intro phono 13/the future 7/ 17

8 GOOSE- and GOAT-fronting & split GOOSE [uw] > [0w] Hewlett hooligan but not before word-final/preconsonantal [l]: fool [fuwl], school [skuwl], Gould [guwld] split: ruler one who rules vs ruler stick the birth of a new phoneme GOAT [ow] > [@w] Cola [k@wl@], solar [s@wl@] but not before word-final/preconsonantal [l]: goal [gowl], pole [powl], gold [gowld] split: wholly [howlij] vs holy [h@wlij] another new phoneme szp (delg) intro phono 13/the future 8/ 17

9 l-vocalization [l] > [w] unless followed by a vowel mill [miw], felt [fewt] but Millie [milij], fellow [fel@w] null mental [ménto] (unstressed [@]+vocalized [l] is [o]) mergers fill [fiw], feel [fijo] [fiw] tell [tew], tale [tejo] [tew] Cal [kaw] (=cow) gull [g@w] (=go) szp (delg) intro phono 13/the future 9/ 17

10 GOAT-fronting & l-vocalization go goal code cold earlier gow gowl kowd kowld fronting vocalization gow kowd now gow kowd szp (delg) intro phono 13/the future 10/ 17

11 GOOSE and GOAT glide fronting GOOSE [0w] > [0j] goose [g0js], two [t0j] GOAT > goat moment may be blocked by a following [l] fool [fuwl], goal [gowl] szp (delg) intro phono 13/the future 11/ 17

12 changes in the vowel inventory l-vocalization GOOSE- and GOAT fronting 2 I kit Ij fleece Iw bill I: near E dress Ej face Ew bell E: square a trap Aj price aw mouth A: palm O lot oj choice ow ball o: thought 0 foot 0j goose 0w uw bull goose (0: goat nurse szp (delg) intro phono 13/the future 12/ 17

13 and now... for something completely different szp (delg) intro phono 13/the future 13/ 17

14 about the test form cca. 50 multiple choice items, wrong answers are ignored, cca. 1 hour the test sheet is A5 size, in 8.3pt font special needs if this format does not fit your eyesight, or if you have any other request, please contact the examiner at szigetvari@elte.hu as soon as possible szp (delg) intro phono 13/the future 14/ 17

15 before the exam what you must bring with you an ID (student card, driving licence, passport), several pens/pencils what you may bring with you snacks, drinks, mascot what you had better not bring with you headphones, tablets, smart phones: these will be required to be turned off and put far away from you szp (delg) intro phono 13/the future 15/ 17

16 after the exam checking your solutions you may take the test sheet with you you may mark your answers on the test sheet you can check the correct answers and your answers on the website of the course a couple of hours after the examination you may complain if you find any errors in the correction to access your test result, all you need is your Neptun code if you do not want others to see your result, you may give a password on the answer sheet szp (delg) intro phono 13/the future 16/ 17

17 sij j0w DE: szp (delg) intro phono 13/the future 17/ 17

BBN ANG 141 Foundations of phonology 13 The shape of things to come

BBN ANG 141 Foundations of phonology 13 The shape of things to come BBN ANG 141 Foundations of phonology 13 The shape of things to come Péter Szigetvári Dept of English Linguistics, Eötvös Loránd University szp (delg) intro phono 13/the future 1/ 17 language change linguistic

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