The basics of Open Access or OA for dummies

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1 University of Liege The basics of Open Access or OA for dummies

2 Open Access - Definition «By "open access" to [the scientific] literature, we mean its free availability on the public internet, permitting any users to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of these articles, crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to software, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without financial, legal, or technical barriers other than those inseparable from gaining access to the internet itself. The only constraint on reproduction and distribution, and the only role for copyright in this domain, should be to give authors control over the integrity of their work and the right to be properly acknowledged and cited.» Definition from the "Budapest Open Access Initiative" (BOAI, 2002) 2

3 Definition Availability of the scientific literature for everyone, freely, at no cost for the reader and in compliance with the holders of the rights For all international access through the web, for everybody (researchers or not) Freely no registration or any barriers At no cost for the reader readers does not have to pay for accessing and reading the documents In compliance with the holders of the rights in respect of the publisher s policy and with the author s agreement In respect of the author s right (citation, paternity, intergrity) Open access does not mean careless use! 3

4 Why? Basics of Open Access Economic threat Philosophical view Technical possibility 4

5 Economic threat Scientific publications cost to libraries a new porsch every 10 days! Libraries cannot follow the constant increase of prices publication imposed by the monopol of big publishers In 2014, many institutions decide to not renew their contracts with publishers due to budgetary - and philosophical - incompatibilities 5

6 Philosophical view Knowledge belong to everyone, not only to an elite! Researches made with public funds should be accessible to every citizen Researchers are the first producers and users of scientific publications Is it normal to deny access to this knowledge to those who produce it? 6

7 Technical possibilities Internet offer a unique opportunity to share any kind of information Internationally Immediately With anyone with internet access With a minimum of mediators It s the perfect vehicle to share scientific publications with a maximum impact 7

8 Classic publication process Basics of Open Access Institutions buy publications Research Writting Publication & diffusion via sales Submission Publication fees (optional) Author s tasks Publisher s tasks Peer review Publishing contract Acceptance 8

9 How? Green Open Access Gold Open Access & Hybrid model 9

10 Publish where you want! (OA or not) AND Self-archive the full text in an open archive BUT If you do not publish in Open Access: keep your rights! Green road There is different kinds of open archive Institutional : ORBi Thematic : PubMed, MatheO National : HAL (France) Multi : Di-Fusion (ULB + UMONS) OpenDOAR opendoar.org/ Authoritative directory of academic open access repositories 10

11 More than published articles! Green road Open Access is the best, but not always possible Thesis, reports, patents, congres or colloque communications, book chapters, books. Published or inprint (faster diffusion) In different version : preprint postprint) With additional content : graphic, video, data Deposit must be made in accordance with the publisher s policy and with the authors agreement If you didn't keep your rights, the publisher may impose some conditions as embargos (6, 12, 18 month) not always the «published version» If Open access is not possible, ask the publisher! In last resort, use restricted access 11

process of publication except for immediat diffusion to all, with

12 Gold road Research Free access to all Writting Publication & diffusion trought sales Publication fees (optional) Classic process of publication except for immediat diffusion to all, with no cost for the readers Submission Peer review Publishing contract Acceptance 12

Gold road OA gold is mostly applied to periodicals, but more and more books or chapters follow this way as well DOAJ doaj.org/ Directory of Open Access Journal DOAB doabooks.

13 Gold road OA gold is mostly applied to periodicals, but more and more books or chapters follow this way as well DOAJ doaj.org/ Directory of Open Access Journal DOAB doabooks.org Directory of Open Access Book Quality identical to regular publication Same acceptance & evaluation proccess Peer review Hig level of citation Only 30% ask for fees! Immediat access with or without CC-By licences 13

14 Hybride model Publisher offer to made publications OA against payement of charges Unfair OA! With hybrid model publisher : Receive money for the sale of the journal Receive money to made the publication OA Keep selling the publication through subscription and sales 14 Average cost = 3000$

Patrimonial right: precise the possible usages of the publication

publisher Exception in Belgium A publication can be freely

15 Legal aspect Author s right? Moral right: precise the paternity of the work inalienable Patrimonial right: precise the possible usages of the publication (reproduction and communication) (too) often transfer to the publisher Exception in Belgium A publication can be freely distributed if limited to an institution of education and research Restricted access is always possible and legal (in Belgium) 15

Legal aspect Classic model: Author s MUST negociated the further use of theirs

org/resources/authors/addendum Gold Open Access : Most OA publishers or

define the usage rights Green Open Access : Even if there is a copyright transfer

is one) Check publisher policy on Sherpa/Romeo Ask the publisher for special

16 Legal aspect Classic model: Author s MUST negociated the further use of theirs publications SPARC Author Addendum Gold Open Access : Most OA publishers or periodicals offer the choice of Creative Commons licences (or similar) wich define the usage rights Green Open Access : Even if there is a copyright transfer to the publisher, authors should always Check the publication contract (if there is one) Check publisher policy on Sherpa/Romeo Ask the publisher for special autorisation If OA impossible deposit in restricted access and use request print system (less visible, but still accessible) 16

17 The road so far NOT Open Access Not OA : = classic commercial model, readers pay for the publication Hybride OA : the article is OA through payment BUT the periodical is still sold as before (double paiement for publisher) GOLD Open Access Gold road: Publication with same quality process as classic model but completely free for the readers (may have publication fees) GREEN Open Access Green road: Publish where you want AND self-archive in an open archive. The full text is freely accessible to readers (directly or upon request print) 17

18 UniLu Institutionnal repository & bibliography Open ULg Master thesis (electronic only) Institutionnal repository & bibliography Digitized objects (ULg & others) Open Access Journals (ULg & others) 18

Authors at the center of the process Publications of the authors No one else as that information Tools developed to help authors Self deposit User friendly interface Support (7/7), formations,

19 Authors at the center of the process Publications of the authors No one else as that information Tools developed to help authors Self deposit User friendly interface Support (7/7), formations, informations Adavantages Visibility Additional tools (publications list, citations, contacts ) Get back their rights Authors need to go back in the center of the publication process and to get back their rights and responsibilities about the dissemination of knowledge 19

ULg mandat It is mandatory for every member of the ULg to add in ORBi Bibliographic reference of scientific publications and communications upon acceptance by the publisher

by all or part of the full text, with at least the abstract and the table of contents The level of access is determined by the authors in respect of the publisher s policy and

20 ULg mandat It is mandatory for every member of the ULg to add in ORBi Bibliographic reference of scientific publications and communications upon acceptance by the publisher Full text must be joined to the reference for every scientific article published since 2002 Every doctoral thesis must be added to ORBi PRIOR its defense at the ULg, and joined by all or part of the full text, with at least the abstract and the table of contents The level of access is determined by the authors in respect of the publisher s policy and with the co-authors agreement Only the publications on ORBi will be considered for the evaluations or internal procedures by the ULg or FNRS if it s not in ORBi, it do not exist 20

Mandatory mandat No mandat : only 10% of full text available ORBi : 61% (35% OA) Mandat help to balance relations between publisher and autors/institutions Researchers will soon realise all the

21 Mandatory mandat No mandat : only 10% of full text available ORBi : 61% (35% OA) Mandat help to balance relations between publisher and autors/institutions Researchers will soon realise all the advantages of open acces, but before they must be part of the mouvement Mandats are the only way to push Open Access forward ROARMAP roarmap.eprints.org/ Registry of Open Access Repositories Mandatory Archiving Policies 21

22 Benefices Basics of Open Access 22

Mesurable benefices Citations of references in ORBi vs references only in Scopus or WoS http://orbi.ulg.ac.

23 Mesurable benefices Citations of references in ORBi vs references only in Scopus or WoS 2X more citations for publications in ORBi opposit to those available only in Scopus or WoS 23

24 Myths of Open Access Basics of Open Access The answer is 24

25 Green cost only to the institution to maintain the repository, not to authors Gold only 30% ask for APC Average price = 1500$ (often lower) The hybrid model cost a lot! But it s not real OA. 25

Big commercial publishers made 30%-45% of

than their articles Leading to an increase

offer differents economic models, viable

26 Big commercial publishers made 30%-45% of benefices every years They are fine With OA, more «confidential» publishers or periodicals will gained as much visibility than their articles Leading to an increase of citations, sell, reputation Fair OA offer differents economic models, viable both for publishers and researchers/institutions 26

27 Green or Gold acceptation & evaluation process identical to classic publications ~ with peer review ~ 9,71% of OA journals have an IF (10,2% for commercial periodical)* 27 * UlrichsWeb, December 2014

Use tools to like «Beall s list of predatory journals or

28 No more than the classical model Authors must always be vigilant and keep a critical mind regarding where they publish Use tools to like «Beall s list of predatory journals or publisher» Ask librarians for support and advices! 28

Thanks for your attention Questions, suggestions, (in)formations orbi@misc.ulg.ac.

29 Thanks for your attention Questions, suggestions, ORBi team Head librarian Paul Head informatician Fabian Smagghe Librarians Myriam Dominique Cécile 29

The basics of Open Access

University of Liege ULg Library The basics of Open Access Open Access - Definition «By "open access" to [the scientific] literature, we mean its free availability on the public internet, permitting any