Quick Guide. Bibliography Cards. Book by one Author. Book with two Editors. Signed Magazine Article or Newspaper Article. Dictionary.

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Nathaniel Randolf Leonard
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1 Book by one Author Author Title City: Publisher Date Bibliography Cards ajdu, David Positively 4th Street Chicago: Farrar, Straus and Giroux 2001 A Book with two Editors Marsh, David and arold Leventhal, eds. Pastures of Plenty New York: arpercollins 1990 B Signed Magazine Article or Newspaper Article Downing, Taylor and Andrew Johnston The Spitfire Legend istory Today Sept. 2000: C Dictionary otspur The Oxford English Dictionary 2nd ed D page 2

2 Article from a Multivolume Reference Work Bibliography Cards Smil, Vaclav Water Energy Encyclopedia of World Environmental istory Eds. Shepard Krech, J. R. McNeill, and C. Merchant Vol. 3 New York: Routledge, 2004 E Web Site Author (if available) Web Page Title Web Site Name Last Revision Date Sponsoring Organization Date Accessed Web Address Antarctica The World Factbook 15 May 2008 Central Intelligence Agency 16 May 2008 < F Online Database Author Article Title Periodical Name Date: page numbers Database Name. Database Server. Subscriber. Date Accessed Database Address Shoenfeld, Sarah. J. Sojourner Truth: A Life, A Symbol The New England Quarterly Dec. 1997: istory Study Center. ProQuest. Adams Library, Westover School. 9 May 2008 < G iconn Resource Science Reference Center Example Wilkinson, Todd and Paul Rauber Lewis & Clark s America Sierra May/June 2002: 42+ Science Reference Center. EBSCO. iconn 23 Feb < page 3

3 Online Book Author Book Title Year Published Online Book Source Date Accessed Web Address Bibliography Cards Scott, Walter The Lady of the Lake 1895 Google Book Search 6 Apr < I Plaque The istory of Central Park Plaque Central Park, New York 5 Apr J Interview allaran, Alice Personal interview 25 Nov K Thompson, Charles Re: Biology Project to the author 25 Nov L page 4

4 Note Taking Bibliography Card Wilkinson, Todd and Paul Rauber Lewis & Clark s America Sierra May/June 2002: 42+ Science Reference Center. EBSCO. iconn 23 Feb < Direct Quotation Note Card The era of the buffalo came to an end with the introduction of the gun and the railroad. Buffalo hunters swarmed in Lewis and Clark s wake, shipping hundreds of thousands of hides to eastern tanneries each year and leaving the plains littered with rotting flesh. p. 2 Summary Note Card Five Waves of Destruction - mass killing of the buffalo - plowing under of native grasses (farmers) - killing of wolves, bears, beavers & other furbearing animals by trappers - industrial logging - end of Salmon runs/pacific Northwest - commercial fishing - dams - development p. 1 page 5

5 Parenthetical Documentation The list of works in the typed bibliography that accompanies your research paper acknowledges the sources you used in your research. owever, you must also indicate to your readers exactly what information you took from each source and exactly where in that work you found the material you used. Typically you must acknowledge or document any direct quotations, other people s ideas (even if you reword them), facts or theories that are not generally known, and experiments conducted by others. Early in your research you will discover many facts which you did not know. Not all of these previously unknown facts necessarily need acknowledgment in your final paper. If there is no serious debate about a fact, During World War II, D-Day was on June 6, 1944 then there is no need to document such an indisputable fact. One practical way to credit someone else s work is to include a parenthetical reference anytime you use another s words, unique facts, ideas, or experiments. The following excerpt from Danielle Bisconti s biology research paper is an excellent example of parenthetical documentation....the reappearance of shipworms is due, in part, to rising global temperatures. The warmer temperatures allow shipworms to reproduce more and for more of the larvae to live (White and outman, 2). Ballast water has helped the shipworms spread throughout ecosystems. The transportation of shipworms through ballast water exposes ecosystems to foreign species (Cobb, 1) and disrupts the food chain; it also creates a variation in the gene pool of the new ecosystem (Lockwood, 1). The parenthetical reference (Cobb, 1) indicates the quotation comes from page 1 of a work by Cobb. Given the author s last name, your reader can easily find this source in the typed bibliography at the end of your paper. Please Note: 1. If there is more than one Cobb in your bibliography, use the first initial of the first name to differentiate. 2. If your publication has two authors or editors, use both last names joined by and. See the White and outman example above. 3. If your article has no author, then use a shortened version of the title that distinguishes it from the other titles in your bibliography. page 6

6 Notes 1 David adju, Positively 4th Street (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2001) David Marsh and arold Leventhal, eds., Pastures of Plenty (New York: arpercollins, 1990) Taylor Downing and Andrew Johnston, The Spitfire Legend, istory Today Sept. 2000: otspur, The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd ed., Vaclav Smil, Water Energy, Encyclopedia of World Environmental istory, eds. Shepard Krech, J.R. McNeill, and C. Merchant, vol. 3 (New York: Routledge, 2004) Antarctica, The World Factbook, 15 May 2008, Central Intelligence Agency, 16 May 2008 < 7 Sarah J. Schoenfeld, Sojourner Truth: A Life, A Symbol, The New England Quarterly Dec. 1997: , istory Study Center, ProQuest, Adams Library, Westover School, 9 May 2008 < Todd Wilkinson and Paul Rauber, Lewis & Clark s America, Sierra May/June 2002: 42+, Science Reference Center, EBSCO, iconn, 23 Feb < otspur, adju, Downing and Johnston, Marsh and Leventhal, eds., Walter Scott, The Lady of the Lake, 1895, Google Book Search, 6 Apr < books, google.com/> The istory of Central Park, Plaque, Central Park, New York, 5 Apr Alice allaran, personal interview, 25 Nov Charles Thompson, Re: Biology Project, to the author, 25 Nov page 7

7 Works Cited Antarctica. The World Factbook. 15 May Central Intelligence Agency. 16 May 2008 < Downing, Taylor and Andrew Johnston. The Spitfire Legend. istory Today Sept. 2000: ajdu, David. Positively 4th Street. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, allaran, Alice. Personal interview. 25 Nov istory of Central Park. Plaque. Central Park, New York. 5 Apr otspur. The Oxford English Dictionary. 2nd ed Marsh, David and arold Leventhal, eds. Pastures of Plenty. New York: arper Collins, Schoenfeld, Sarah. Sojourner Truth: A Life, A Symbol. The New England Quarterly, Dec. 1997: istory Study Center. ProQuest. Adams Library, Westover School. 9 May 2008 < com/>. Scott, Walter. The Lady of the Lake Google Book Search. 6 Apr < google.com/>. Smil, Vaclav. Water Energy. Encyclopedia of World Environmental istory. Eds. Shepard Krech, J.R. McNeill, and C. Merchant. Vol. 3. New York: Routledge, Thompson, Charles. Re: Biology Project. to the author. 25 Nov Wilkinson, Todd and Paul Rauber. Lewis & Clark s America. Sierra May/June 2002: 42+. Science Reference Center. EBSCO. iconn. 23 Feb < Note: Quick Guide formatting is based on MLA style from MLA andbook for Writers of Research Papers (6th ed.) by Joseph Gibaldi. page 8

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