European Research Centre for Book and Paper Conservation-Restoration KREMS CONVENTION

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1 European Research Centre for Book and Paper Conservation-Restoration KREMS CONVENTION 19 th 25 th July 2015, Danube-University Krems, Austria This convention will include a meeting with oral contributions on the demands for a permanent continuing education in Book and Paper Conservation at university level in Europe and workshops in further/continuing education. Oral contributions on the demands for a permanent continuing education in Book and Paper Conservation at university level in Europe Short abstracts about your suggested oral contribution (200 words) are warmly welcome until 1 st May 2015 under: patricia.engel@donau-uni.ac.at Wellcome are papers no matter what professional background the speaker will have. Please give your affiliation and the connection to the topic as a short introduction. We will make a programme out of the incoming papers and announce the programme of the meeting in May Anyone who wishes to attend this meeting is welcome to do so for free. Workshops The workshops are a summer-school like programme of what had been courses before in Horn. We try to keep the price moderate, as we did in Horn. 580,00 Euros will be the price for 3 days course-workshop, the 5 days course-workshop is 966,00 Euros. The Topics: Technique: Book Structure: - Understanding Islamic manuscript structures - Chinese Bookbinding - tradition and technique - Introduction to medieval codicology and palaeography Material - Parchment Assessment - Paper Identification

2 New Analyses and Survey Methods - Hyperspectral Imaging Conservation - Globe Conservation Your registration is fixed only after you have paid the fee. The places will not be held back the number of participants is limited to around 8 in most of the courses. Please send your wish for registration to: patricia.engel@donau-uni.ac.at For information about the place and accommodation please use the general information on the webpage of the University. The workshops will last between 3 and 5 days. Please find the time table and the course descriptions below: 30 th week in 2015 i.e. 20 th 25 th July 2015 Timetable Action Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Freund Kresic Ion Scheper LarsenSommer Padoan Engel Interdisciplinary exchange Chinese Bookbinding - tradition and technique by Lin Zhang Freund, paper conservator. As an independent book/paper conservator in Sweden, I work with varies kind of cultural and art objects on paper everyday. But I have a special background from China where I was born. When I realized that my education in paper conservation at Gothenburg University in Sweden was far from enough I went back to China, Taiwan and Japan to continue to refill my knowledge of book/paper conservation. I found it very important to understand the traditional techniques and materials used during the last two thousand years in Chinese Bookbinding History, with different points of view as a paper conservator. During this three days seminar/workshop, we are going to focus on Chinese traditional bookbinding history chronologically and bookbinding styles through two thousand years. Some of these styles of bookbinding are not used anymore, but others are still in use. I will give an explanation for each period of time for each development of materials and techniques as well. It will be possible for each participant to make a sample of some of the bookbinding methods. It will help you to definitively remember the things you learn, through own practice.

3 The time schedule will be divided into a morning section for theoretical presentation of topics and an afternoon section for practical workshop. There will also be time to discuss critically the use of materials, the advantages and disadvantage of the binding methods. It will not only provide opportunities for participants to improve their skills on bookbinding, book restoration and paper conservation, but also to accomplish the understanding of the cultural background. It would be a great chance for all of us, to share our knowledge and experiences in bookbinding and paper conservation with people who are in or outside of the field. Introduction to medieval codicology and palaeography Kresic The aim of this course is to provide basic knowledge and tools for dealing with medieval manuscripts. The course includes an introduction into development of hand-written book and paleography, from early medieval time until 15th century, and it is devided in two conected parts. Its first part gives guidelines for recognizing and describing physical characteristics of medieval books, manuscript material, book structure, page layout, ink, illumination and decoration, material damages etc. Second course part concerns with medieval Latin paleography, letter types, punctuation and abbreviations, together with codex origin and dating. The course consists of oral lectures, material presentations, reading part and disscussion. Teaching material is formed on latest bibliography, recent manuscripts edition and its transliteration. Course material will be distribuited to the candidates at the seminar. Material consists of scanned and printed manuscripts, papers, cd-roms with text and pictures. Also, there will be given an oveview of websites with the most significant and valuable manuscripts. Therefore, candidates are asked to bring and have its own laptops. At the end of the seminar, a short orientation assessment will be held. Recquired basic knowledge is a degree (BA, MA, PhD) in humanities, especially Latin language, history, art history, litterature, philology, information sciences (museology, librarianship, archival sciences). Course is designed to those working with manuscripts; librarians, archive and museum workers, historians, Latin philologists, philologists, text editors, medievalists, art historians. Methods for old book paper analysis and preventive conservation techniques with inorganic nanomaterials Rodica Ion 1. Material structure of old books and graphical documents Will be discussed aspects about : a. Paper supports b. Inks and pigments c. Other materials from book structure d. Book morphology e. Agents and mechanisms of deterioration of Cultural Heritage (physical, chemical, biological), including deterioration of modern materials used in old books 2. Degradation processes of old books and documents Will be discussed aspects about : a. Degradation of old inks and pigments with identifying methods; b. Degradation of graphic support c. Exogen factors responsible for degradation (temperature, athmospheric pollutants, light, biological factors, others human interventions) influencing the book and manuscript paper degradation; 3. Specific analytical techniques for degradation evidence (UV- Vis, FTIR, EDXRF, thermal analysis, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, so on) correlated with the simpliest methods: ph, colour, acidity, etc.

4 A wide array of instruments are used during restoration activities and complex research of artifacts especially during conservation activity. The available instrumentation enables the successful undertaking of specialist restoration operations, non-invasive research of old books or extensive laboratory analysis of material samples. Furthermore, instrumentation is an indispensible aspect of the Restoration scientific-research activity. 4. Ageing processes of the book paper Paper-art-works such as old manuscripts are susceptible objects that need to protect from damaging effect of ultraviolet radiation, visible light, pollutant gasses, mold and bacteria. Preventive conservation is an important element of collections care. The laboratory plant is shown and the artifficial ageing is argued. In these lecture on the aging of paper materials, the two accelerated aging mechanisms described are those due to light and heat. Degradation of mechanical properties of paper with thermal aging has been measured by nmeans of tensile strength of papers. The results show good stability of papers with nanomaterial coating. Also, a good light stability was shown in the colored paper that treated with this nanomaterial. 5. New products and materials for conservation and maintenance of old books. Stabilizing methods of degraded book paper with Inorganic Nanomaterials suspensionschemical preparation and effects on book paper, chemical, biological and mechanical effects. Calcium, magnesium and barium hydroxide nanoparticles offer versatile and highly efficient tools to invert the degradation processes altering paintings, or to de-acidify and protect cellulosic materials (paper, wood). Inorganic consolidants are highly chemically stable and preserve the wall painting ensuring long-lasting consolidation effects without the side effects produced by polymers coating. Calcium hydroxide nanoparticles ensure the highest physico-chemical compatibility with the work of artand it should be preferred when degradation results from the loss of calcium carbonate. Innovative formulations based on hydroxyapatite nanoparticles overcome these limitations thank to their synergistic action, which confers a stable consolidation. Using this coating in the substrates with low thermal and mechanical resistance such as old manuscripts needs more attention. Non impact spray based techniques are generally preferred to avoid breaks and streak defects. Also paper objects should be placed far enough away from display cases that nanomaterials does not affect on the chemical and physical properties of fibers over time. Furthermore, some antifungal properties of coated papers, and the good preventive effect of coated paper against molds is discussed. 6. Exemplification. Pro-and reverse effects of some nanomaterials. Since some nanomaterials (e.g.tio2) is broadly used in modern and contemporary art, acting both as a pure white pigment or a moderator of hue and saturation, the investigation of these nanomaterials in the inherent protection of paper works of art, is discussed. Some coatings have received much attention as photocatalysts in practical applications such as environmental purification, deodorization, sterilization and self-cleaning. Understanding Islamic manuscript structures Analysing the composite structure and reflecting on conservation issues Karin Scheper Confronted with a rich and varied collection of Oriental manuscripts in her conservation practice in the University Library Leiden and only a few literary sources covering the making of these artefacts, Karin Scheper decided to study the materials and techniques used to make Islamic manuscripts. The work resulted in a dissertation, The Islamic Bookbinding Tradition. Based on the findings, it appears that the structure of an Islamic codex is more complex than recognised so far, and a new light is shed on the development of bookbinding in the Islamic world as a whole. As a consequence, preservation and conservation treatments for these specific manuscripts need to be reconsidered. In this seminar, the impact of the new understanding of Islamic book structures will be addressed. Many Islamic bookbindings were admired for their aesthetic qualities and the craftsmanship, needed to produce these decorative bindings, was well valued. However, the bookbinding techniques used to actually make the textblock into a codex were less well known and often misunderstood. It concerns the sewing structure, board attachment and covering methods. In general, the Islamic book tradition is characterised as a static one, and indeed a development in binding techniques as we know it in the West cannot be seen, but there are important changes in techniques and use of materials over the centuries. In addition, subtle but interesting varieties, often regional specific, can be found. Moreover, there is a widely accepted perception of the Islamic binding as a case-binding structure, which needs to be

5 adjusted in the light of the recent study of these manuscript structures. This new notion of the Islamic book structure fundamentally changes our understanding of these artefacts. It changes the conservation approach and the level of interference correspondingly. To preserve the features and function of these artefacts, often specific conservation techniques instead of methods used with Western binding structures are required. Of course, for conservators working with these objects it is important to be aware of these variations and to understand the properties of these binding structures thoroughly. This course will focus on the construction of Islamic manuscripts, the diversity within the tradition and the characteristics of the composite objects. Examples will be provided to explain why the technique of Islamic bookbinding cannot be denoted as a case-binding structure, and the strengths of this particular composite construction will be explained. Additionally, typical types of damage will be discussed. Subsequently, there will be time to consider several possibilities to preserve these objects with their material particularities. The programme will consist of interactive classes; many examples will be shown with the aid of PowerPoint presentations and book models. The theory will be combined with practical sessions, in which a (see-through) model will be made. Depending on the wishes of the group or the individual attendee it may be possible to also practise a few treatment techniques. Larsen/Sommer Latest information on Parchment/leather survey and conservation - more details will come Roberto Padoan Multi spectral imaginig more details will come Globe conservation Patricia Engel This workshop addresses conservators with finalized university education in conservation-restoration or MA or Doctorate / PHD students in conservation-restoration. The lectures will start with a short overview over the construction of historical globes, will than continue with possible damage resulting from the material and environment and go on to conservation methods and material/techniques. Each participant should bring with him/her at least one globe to be worked on.