Back to the Future AT&T s old-school vertical play for Time Warner is grounded in plans for OTT, mobile video

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1 V O L U M E 3 6 N u m b e r O C T O B E R 3 1, $ Back to the Future AT&T s old-school vertical play for Time Warner is grounded in plans for OTT, mobile video plus FCC Adopts Tough Opt-In Privacy Rules It s Almost Go Time For DirecTV Now Cable MSOs Poised For Gains in Q3 COVER_10_31_16.indd 1 10/28/16 5:38 PM

2 Back to the Future AT&T s old-school vertical play for Time Warner is grounded in plans for OTT, mobile video AT&T chairman and CEO Randall Stephenson (l.) and Time Warner Inc. chairman and CEO Jeffrey Bewkes share a laugh while discussing their companies $108.7 billion merger at The Wall Street Journal s DLive conference Oct. 25 in Laguna Beach, Calif. REUTERS/MIKE BLAKE By MIKE FARRELL What started as a deal finalized over bites of salmon at a posh Manhattan office could leave AT&T stuck with a big bill and still hungry as it tries to effectively meld Time Warner Inc. s diverse content assets with its own wireless, TAKEAWAY Industry observers question if AT&T s bid for Time Warner Inc. is a vertical integration move or just a lifeline to diversify the telco s lagging wireline and satellite-tv businesses. satellite-tv and wireline phone assets. Several reports have noted that both AT&T chairman and CEO Randall Stephenson and Time Warner chairman and CEO Jeff Bewkes first hatched the idea of their pending $108.7 billion mega-merger over lunch at Time Warner headquarters about two months ago. Last week, Stephenson completed the circle by comparing the reasoning behind the deal to a vital part of the New York City Subway System. Time Warner is where we are going to try to touch these third rails that the industry will not and has not touched, Stephenson said at The Wall Street Journal s DLive conference last Tuesday (Oct. 25). It s where we are going to begin to experiment and test how can you bring a la carte pricing into the ecosystem. For those uninitiated with the subway system, the third rail is the high-voltage line that 6 multichannel news OCTOBER 31, 2016 multichannel.com coverstory_10_31_16.indd 6 10/28/16 1:31 PM

3 runs along the tracks to power the underground railcars. Stepping on it usually means death, or at least a very nasty burn. Whether he meant it or not, Stephenson s analogy is oddly appropriate given the split reaction to the union, touted as a nod to the future of television content delivery by the participants and viewed by critics as a misguided attempt to return to an era that no longer exists. Analysts have scratched their heads over the deal, adding that earlier benefits of vertical integration, like lower programming costs and content exclusivity, are no longer possible. To some, including MoffettNathanson principal and senior analyst Craig Moffett, the deal sounds more like an attempt by AT&T to diversify its revenue streams than a competitive strategy. NOT NECESSARILY VERTICAL It s easy to imagine what to do a with vertically integrated media strategy, Moffett said on a client call last week. The challenge is very different in practice to pull it off. Liberty Media chairman John Malone saw the pairing as a diversification play as well. If I was Randall Stephenson, I d have done the same thing, Malone said in an interview. Moffett noted that AT&T s core businesses wireless and wired communications have been on the decline. He said its consumer mobility business shrunk nearly 6% year-over-year in the third quarter, while its business solutions sector grew by just 0.4%. The one growth area Entertainment and Internet services, including DirecTV and U-verse TV grew revenue by 4.3%, but mainly due to price increases. AT&T s video base has decreased by 0.5% year-overyear and its broadband subscriber base has shrunk by 1%. With back-to-back acquisitions of first DirecTV and now Time Warner, AT&T is seemingly walking no, running from its wireless and wired roots, Moffett wrote. The question is whether or not buying Time Warner will help. Analysts for the most part are down on vertical integration because many of the benefits of owning both content and distribution have been regulated away. The Federal Communications Commission s program-access rules prohibit content companies from providing exclusive programming or lower pricing to their parent firms. AT&T is confident it can make vertical inte- Time and Again Time Warner Inc. stock was up about 22% since the beginning of the year, before news of a possible AT&T deal sent the stock to a 15-year high on Oct. 21. But since then, as investors have let the details of the deal and the growing sentiment of a long, difficult approval battle sink in, the stock has pulled back $ /31/15 $ /26/16 Call Waiting AT&T stock has been on a roller-coaster ride in 2016, rising 16% starting March 1, when it first announced its plans for OTT service DirecTV Now, through the the summer. It lost much of that ground in later months, falling to its current level, about 5.5% higher than at the start of the year. $ /31/15 $ /26/16 multichannel.com OCTOBER 31, 2016 multichannel news 7 coverstory_10_31_16.indd 7

4 Call History: AT&T s Pay TV Deals AT&T s plan to acquire Time Warner Inc. for $108.7 billion (including debt) might be its biggest pay TV deal, but far from its first: 1998: AT&T buys Teleport Communications Group, a CLEC consortium owned by several cable operators, for $10.3 billion. 1999: AT&T buys Tele-Communications Inc., then the largest U.S. cable operator with about 15 million customers, for $48 billion. 1999: Shortly after closing the TCI deal, AT&T agrees to pay $62 billion for 5 million-subscriber MediaOne Group, trumping Comcast s earlier bid for the company. MediaOne pays Comcast a $1.5 billion breakup fee. Comcast also receives the right to buy up to 2 million subscribers. 2002: AT&T sells its AT&T Broadband unit with 13.5 million customers to Comcast for $72 billion. 2015: AT&T closes on purchase of satellite-tv service provider DirecTV for $48.5 billion. SOURce: Company reports gration work, and Stephenson has been dropping hints for a week as to how he envisions executing that plan. AT&T S BUSY WEEK The Time Warner announcement was just the first in a flurry of news from the AT&T chief. In the days after the deal was announced on Saturday (Oct. 22), Stephenson revealed the launch date for its much-anticipated over-thetop service DirecTV Now (November, see story on page 5) and said the Time Warner transaction would speed up, not slow down, its efforts to introduce the next generation in wireless services, 5G. AT&T s 5G offering appears to play an integral part in the decision to spend more than $100 billion on programming. For many wireless operators, 5G is being touted as the transport platform of the future, with speeds of 1 Gigabit per second, low latency and nearly ubiquitous coverage. But while 5G could potentially replace fiber networks to move consumer bits through the Then-AT&T chairman C. Michael Armstrong (l.) and TCI chairman John Malone shake on their 1999 deal. ether, it also is at least five years off. There are currently no standards for 5G, and AT&T said it won t start deploying the service until 2018, scaling it in 2019 and As anyone who has been watching the video landscape for any length of time knows, a lot can happen in five years. For Time Warner, the transaction comes as content companies face increasing pressure from over-the-top and subscription video-on-demand services. On Time Warner s last quarterly earnings conference call, Turner Broadcasting System chairman and CEO John Martin said that like its peers, Turner has experienced U.S. subscriber declines approaching 2%. That AT&T was willing to pay such a high premium for Time Warner stock $ per share is 36% above its Oct. 19 closing price is both a function of its confidence in the deal and a desire to keep other potential bidders away. Already, Verizon Communications has said it wouldn t make a competing bid, as did a former suitor, 21st Century Fox, which made an unsolicited $80-pershare bid for Time Warner in Ezio PETERSEn UPI PhOTO SERVICE/nEwSCOM Fox s bid was rejected soon after it was made, and Time Warner later beat that that offering price through organic growth. While Time Warner stock has been a good performer so far this year it was up 22% before the AT&T offer was made some of that gain was due to its takeout potential (see chart, page 7). With no dominant shareholder, Time Warner has been seen as ripe for a takeover. Minus a deal, it is doubtful Time Warner stock would have crossed the $100 per share milestone on its own anytime soon. Shareholders, who pushed the stock to a 15-year high after the AT&T rumors first surfaced on Oct. 20, have begun to retreat as doubts about regulatory approval have crept in. Time Warner stock is down about 1% between Oct. 21 ($89.48 each) and Oct. 26 ($88.70) as several politicians have voiced their concerns with the deal. Both Stephenson and Bewkes made the rounds last week to drum up support for the deal, which is expected to face intense scrutiny from regulators (see Rules, page 19). The overarching theme appeared to be that Time Warner s content would serve as a launchpad for innovation. On a conference call with analysts Oct. 24 to discuss the deal, Stephenson said one of the main drivers of the Time Warner deal was removing the barriers preventing customers from sharing video clips via social media and messaging. DirecTV Now, the 100-plus channel OTT offering that will debut in November at the extremely aggressive price point of $35 per month, will also play a vital role in AT&T s video strategy; Stephenson added that he borders on evangelical about creating a nationwide competitor to cable with the OTT offering. TRUE TV EVERYWHERE Bewkes was equally enthusiastic, noting that the union will allow Time Warner to create the true TV everywhere product that he envisioned eight years ago. At that time, Bewkes said Time Warner offered its full lineup to cable companies on-demand at no extra charge as long as they didn t charge consumers for it. He had few takers, he said, in part because cable companies didn t want to invest in the necessary plant upgrades and because other content companies were reluctant to give up the rights. 8 multichannel news OCTOBER 31, 2016 multichannel.com coverstory_10_31_16.indd 8

5 That s not how you change consumer behavior, Bewkes said at the WSJ DLive conference last week. And make no mistake, changing consumer behavior is what Stephenson, Bewkes and company intend to do. Stephenson said that AT&T forged its mobile video vision more than three years ago, but was stymied by programmers that didn t want to license digital rights. It was only after AT&T bought DirecTV in a $48.5 billion deal closed in July 2015 that they began to listen. SCALING UP FOR OTT It would not be possible had we not done the DirecTV deal, Stephenson said at WSJ DLive. It would be impossible, because we had been trying to do this for three years. We [could not] get the media companies to participate in this until we had scale. But getting over-the-top programing rights doesn t seem to be the end-all in AT&T s mobile video strategy. Flexibility also seems to be paramount to success. In a note to officers at both companies last week, which he called the Magna Carta of our merger, Stephenson wrote that the intent is to use Time Warner s digital rights to create new choices skinnier bundles, video created just for mobile viewing and social media, and low-cost video products supported by advertisers instead of consumers. More choice; lower cost. Stephenson dropped hints all last week that AT&T would like to live in a world where consumers could get the programs they wanted when and where they wanted them. Just what he means by that is unclear is AT&T just planning to price aggressively or is the ultimate goal to go full a la carte, offering individual networks to consumers instead of the bundle, starting with Time Warner channels? The latter, the Holy Grail for distributors, is a concept that programmers, including Time Warner, have fought hard to prevent. In these OTT environments and platforms, we can begin to innovate our content much quicker; we re under the same umbrella and same ownership structure, we can get past a lot of these content rights and move fast, Stephenson said on a conference call with analysts last week, adding that he and Bewkes are convinced as we innovate in this way and as we accelerate the pace of this innovation, it s going to attract others to want Media Deal Ouija Board Analysts aren t expecting a wave of consolidation in the programming sector in the wake of AT&T s $108.7 billion purchase of Time Warner Inc., but here are some scenarios that could play out: Comcast-T-Mobile: The country s largest cable operator has already tipped its hand as far as wireless aspirations it formed Comcast Mobile earlier this year to help it navigate the space and plans to launch a product in mid-2017 taking advantage of its MVNO agreement with Verizon Communications. But could AT&T s insistence that the Time Warner deal will allow it to innovate on the wireless content side force Comcast into buying its own network? Viacom-CBS-?: Viacom and CBS already started looking into a combination of the two companies at the behest of their largest shareholder Sumner Redstone s National Amusements and the Time Warner deal will undoubtedly accelerate that process. The question is whether the Time Warner deal will cause the newly formed Viacom-CBS to look further into deals, possibly with smaller networks like Discovery Communications, AMC Networks, Scripps Networks Interactive or others. MSG Networks-Comcast, Fox or Altice: The MSG Networks stable of New Yorkcentric regional sports networks has long been thought of as a takeout target since the stock was spun off from The Madison Square Garden Co. arenas in Comcast and Fox, which have RSNs in the market (SNY and YES Network) could be possible buyers, as could distributors with a strong New York footprint, like Charter Communications (also a partner in SNY) or Altice USA. Mike Farrell to do the same on these platforms. Morgan Stanley media analyst Ben Swinburne said he believed that AT&T may actually take an opposite stance, reining in any skinny bundle activity in an effort to protect its new content assets. While it appears Time Warner s networks were being carried in most new bundles anyway, AT&T may now become more a defender of the status quo than disrupter when it comes to bundling, Swinburne said in a research note. Pivotal Research Group CEO and senior media & communications analyst Jeff Wlodarczak agreed, adding that while Stephenson and Bewkes may hint at a more open stance on the programming front, it is motivated by a desire to win approval for the deal. AT&T management is going to say any and everything to try to get this deal approved, Wlodarczak said, adding that with DirecTV, U-verse TV and now Time Warner, 41% of AT&T s revenue will be tied to pay TV. CORE BREACH Blowing up the pay TV business is effectively blowing themselves up, Wlodarczak said. The read on this move by AT&T to buy Time Warner is they hate their core business and are diversifying out of it. Whatever the motivation, Stephenson doesn t seem afraid to take big risks. And while he s flirting with the third rail, he noted in the Magna Carta memo that he hopes it s the cable industry that gets burned. To Cable: Watch out, Stephenson wrote in the memo. We aim for nothing less than competing with you head-to-head throughout the country on cost, quality and choice. Our acquisition of DirecTV is already helping us deploy fiber to 12.5 million U.S. homes [as a merger condition]. Now, if we can ignite the next revolution in mobile video, it will give the entire wireless industry confidence to deploy ultra-fast 5G technology more aggressively, bringing new pipes and new choices into consumers homes across the country. ) Mark Robichaux contributed to this report. 10 multichannel news OCTOBER 31, 2016 multichannel.com coverstory_10_31_16.indd 10