Section 14 Parallel Peripheral Interface (PPI)

Section 14 Parallel Peripheral Interface (PPI) 14-1 a

ADSP-BF533 Block Diagram Core Timer 64 L1 Instruction Memory Performance Monitor JTAG/ Debug Core Processor LD 32 LD1 32 L1 Data Memory SD32 DMA Mastered 32 bus Core D bus 32 Core DA bus 32 32 Core D1 bus 32 Core DA1 bus 64 Core I bus CORE/SYSTEM BUS INTERFACE Core Clock (CCLK) Domain System Clock (SCLK) Domain Watchdog And Timers Real Time Clock Event Controller Power Management 16 DMA Controller DMA Core Bus (DCB) 16 DMA Ext Bus EBIU 16 External Port Bus Data Address Control 16 16 16 (DEB) (EPB) Peripheral Access Bus (PAB) Programmable flags UART IRDA DMA Access Bus (DAB) SPORTs SPI PPI 1KB internal Boot ROM External Access Bus (EAB) 14-2 a

PPI - What is it? Parallel Peripheral Interface Programmable bus width (from 8 16 bits in 1-bit steps) Bidirectional (half-duplex) parallel interface Synchronous Interface Interface is driven by an external clock ( PPI_CLK ) Up to 66MHz rate (SCLK/2) Asynchronous to SCLK Includes three frame syncs to control the interface timing Applications High speed data converters Video CODECs Used in conjunction with a DMA channel Can setup 2D DMA (e.g., for video) Can pack 8-bit bytes into 16-bit words for efficient I/O 14-3 a

PPI in general purpose mode (For video and other high speed devices) Mixed Signal Front End PAB DAB FS3/FIELD/PF3 FS2/VSYNC/TIMER2 FS1/HSYNC/TIMER1 PPI3- PPI4-7/PF15-PF12 PPI8-15/PF11-PF4 PPI CLK AD9975 TX_EN RX_EN DATAx RX/TX CLK ADV7183 HREF VREF FIELD P[15:] LLC2 NTSC/PAL Standard Video Decoder 14-4 a

General Purpose Input/Output Modes Single Sync (FS1 only) Useful for Data Converter applications Infinite Capture input sub-mode requires either initial H/W sync to be sent, or Self Trigger through S/W write (no need for H/W FS) 3 Syncs (FS1, FS2, FS3) useful for video I/O with H/W signaling Frame Capture mode outputs syncs from processor while data is input into processor 2 Syncs can be used by ignoring 3rd sync where appropriate (pull FS3 to ground) Modes are set in PPI_CONTROL register 14-5 a

PPI General Purpose Input Mode PPI_CONTROL PPI_CLK PAB PPI_COUNT PPI_STATUS Data Bus 1 8 1 8.EF 38 EE DMA Controller DAB DMA Request PPI_DELAY PPI_FRAME 16-bit wide FIFO PACK GATE SYNC FS1 FS2 FS3 16 deep - PACK: 8->16-Bit Packing Unit - GATE: Data Control Unit - SYNC: Data Sync Unit 14-6 a

Single Sync Input Mode PPI_CLK PPI_FS1 PPI_DATA 1 2 3 N-1 N PPI_DELAY PPI_COUNT PPI_CLK, PPI_FS1, PPI_DATA are inputs Programmable delay register (PPI_DELAY) inserts a time delay (in units of PPI_CLK cycles) to start transfer after FS1 has been asserted Count register (PPI_COUNT) holds the number of samples the PPI will receive PPI_COUNT ignored during Infinite Capture 14-7 a

Three Sync Input Mode PPI_CLK PPI_FS1 PPI_FS2 PPI_FS3 PPI_DATA 1 2 3 N-1 N PPI_DELAY PPI_COUNT PPI_CLK, PPI_FS1/2/3, PPI_DATA are inputs Coincident assertion of FS1 and FS2 with FS3 low indicates the start of a frame FS3 used to indicate odd/even fields. In a 2-FSx configuration, this line is pulled low. PPI_FRAME register is set to the number of lines per frame (lines are delineated by FS1 assertions) 14-8 a

PPI General Purpose Input Mode Frame Capture PPI_CONTROL PPI_CLK PAB DMA Controller DAB DMA Halt PPI_COUNT PPI_STATUS PPI_DELAY PPI_FRAME 16-bit wide FIFO 16 deep UPACK GATE PPI_CLK Data Bus 37 ED 38 EF 8 1 C7 FF FS1 FS2 - UPACK: 16->8-Bit Unpacking Unit - GATE: Data Control Unit - TIMER1/2: Make use of Timers TIMER1 TIMER2 14-9 a

Frame Capture Input Mode PPI_CLK PPI_FS1 PPI_FS2 PPI_DATA 1 2 3 N-1 N PPI_DELAY PPI_COUNT PPI_CLK, PPI_DATA are inputs PPI_FS1, PPI_FS2 are outputs TIMER1_WIDTH/TIMER1_PERIOD used to set up PPI_FS1 timing TIMER 2 set up to generate PPI_FS2 timing PPI_FRAME register is set to the number of lines per frame (lines are delineated by FS1 assertions) 14-1 a

PPI General Purpose Output Mode PPI_CONTROL PPI_CLK PAB DMA Controller DAB DMA Halt PPI_COUNT PPI_STATUS PPI_DELAY PPI_FRAME 16-bit wide FIFO 16 deep UPACK GATE PPI_CLK Data Bus 37 ED 38 EF 8 1 C7 FF FS1 FS2 FS3/PF3 - UPACK: 16->8-Bit Unpacking Unit - GATE: Data Control Unit - TIMER1/2: Make use of Timers TIMER1 TIMER2 14-11 a

Single Sync Output Mode PPI_CLK PPI_FS1 PPI_DATA 1 2 3 N-1 N PPI_DELAY PPI_COUNT PPI_CLK is input PPI_FS1 and PPI_DATA are outputs Timer 1 used to set up timing for FS1 There is a 1-cycle delay between FS1 assertion and start of PPI_DELAY Count register (PPI_COUNT) holds the number of samples the PPI will output, less one (i.e., set for N-1) 14-12 a

Three Sync Output Mode PPI_CLK PPI_FS1 PPI_FS2 PPI_FS3 PPI_DATA 1 2 3 N-1 N PPI_DELAY PPI_COUNT PPI_CLK is input PPI_FS1, PPI_FS2, PPI_FS3 and PPI_DATA are outputs Timer 1 used to set up timing for FS1 Timer 2 used to set up timing for FS2 FS3 toggles coincident with an FS1 assertion, after an FS2 assertion 14-13 a

Video Basics Screen Sizes QCIF = 176 x 144 pixels CIF = 352 x 288 pixels ¼ VGA = 32 x 24 pixels VGA = 64 x 48 pixels D1 (NTSC/PAL full screen) = 72 x 48 pixels [72 x 576 includes the unviewable portions above and below the picture] Scan Types Interlaced dual-refresh technique on alternating lines at 1/6 second rate each (e.g. 18i = 18 horizontal lines interlaced) Progressive (Non-Interlaced) single refresh technique on all lines at a 1/3 second rate (e.g. 48p = 48 horizontal lines progressive scan) retrace Interlaced (2 x 1/6 sec=1/3 sec) Electron gun path Progressive (1/3 sec) Electron gun path 1 2 14-14 a 1

Video Framing Line 1 Line 2 Line 3 Line 261 Line 262 Line 263 Video Blanking Line 1 Line 2 Line 3 Line 261 Line 262 Line 263 CVBS 8-16 bit BUS Video Blank Video Video Video Blank Blank Blank Video Blank (H)SYNC (V)SYNC (F)IELD t 14-15 a

What constitutes a pixel? pixel? Black-and-white image Y (luminance) values only; One 8- or 1-bit Y value per pixel Color image RGB: Three 8- or 1-bit values per pixel YUV: Scaled and decorrelated version of RGB Y Cr Cb One Y (luminance) value per pixel (72 per line) One Cr or Cb (chrominance) value per pixel (36 of each per line) 4:2:2 4 Y s for every 2 Cr s and 2 Cb s Cb Y Cr Y Cb Y Cr Y Cb Y Cr Y Cb Y Cr Y 14-16 a

ITU-61 ITU-61 - specifies methods for digitally coding signals Video coding RGB is an intuitive format, but channels are highly correlated YCrCb (a scaled and offset version of YUV color space) is highly uncorrelated Provides better compression characteristics 8-bit or 1-bit quantization NTSC and PAL each have 72 pixels per line NTSC (3 frames/sec) has 525 lines (including blanking) PAL (25 frames/sec) has 625 lines (including blanking) PPI supports ITU-61 through use of 3-frame-sync modes 14-17 a

ITU-656 ITU-656 Defines the physical interfaces and data stream Bit-parallel and bit-serial modes Only bit-parallel supported with PPI 27 MHz nominal clock + 8-1 data lines (for bit-parallel mode) Embedded hardware signaling (H, V, F) no extra hardware lines required Supports interlaced and progressive formats Some OEMs support pseudo ITU-656 14-18 a

PPI ITU-656 Modes ITU-656 Input (3 Modes) Entire Field (H and V Blanking, Active Video and control codes) Vertical Blanking Interval only (with associated H blanking and control codes) Active video only. Can drop blanking for bandwidth savings ITU-656 Output User sets up blanking and encoding info in memory 14-19 a

ITU-656 Mode Preamble 8-bit DATA 1-bit DATA 8bit Data Bus F F EAV/SAV X Y Status Word D9 1 D8 F D7 V D6 H D5 P3 D4 P2 D3 P1 D2 P D1 D The preamble (XY) holds the sync indicators VSYNC, HSYNC, Field. It also includes protection bits P-P3. In output mode the user must construct all preamble control codes In general, the 8-bit bus is for consumer markets while 1-bit bus is for professional markets. 14-2 a

PPI ITU-656 Input Mode PAB DMA Controller PPI_CONTROL PPI_COUNT PPI_STATUS PPI_DELAY PPI_FRAME PCHK PPI_CLK Data Bus FF C7 1 8 EF 38 EE DAB DMA Request 16-bit wide FIFO 16 deep PACK GATE - PCHK: Preamble Check Unit - PACK: 8->16-Bit Packing Unit - GATE: Data Control Unit 8bit Data Bus F F Blanking Active Video EAV SAV EAV X Y 8 1 8 1 8 1 4 268 4 144 F F X Y C B Y C R Y C B Y C B Y F F 14-21 a

PPI ITU-656 Output Mode PPI_CONTROL PPI_CLK PAB DMA Controller PPI_COUNT PPI_STATUS PPI_DELAY PPI_FRAME Data Bus 37 ED 38 EF 8 1 C7 FF DAB DMA Halt 16-bit wide FIFO UPACK GATE 16 deep - UPACK: 16->8-Bit Unpacking Unit - GATE: Data Control Unit 14-22 a

POL[1:] (Polarity) = Nothing inverted 1 = PPI_CLK inv., PPI_FS1 and PPI_FS2 not inv. 1 = PPI_FS1 and PPI_FS2 inv., PPI_CLK not inverted 11 = PPI_FS1, PPI_FS2, and PPI_CLK inv. FLD_SEL (Active Field Select) In ITU-656 input mode: = Field 1 1 = Fields 1 and 2 In GP input mode: = External frame sync trigger 1 = PPI self-trigger SKIP_EN (Skip Enable) = Disable 1 = Enable Addr: XFFC 1 PPI Control Register (PPI_Control) PACK_EN (Packing Mode) = Disable 1 = Enable Reserved DLEN[2:] (Data Length) = 8-bit 1 = 1-bit.. 11 = 15-bit 111 = 16-bit PORT_CFG[1:] (Port Config.) In input mode: = 1 frame sync input 1 = frame capture, FS1, FS2 output 1 = 3 frame syncs 11 = infinite mode, 1 frame sync not repeated In output mode: = 1 sync 1 = 3 syncs 15 14 13 12 11 1 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 SKIP_EO (Skip Even Odd) = Skip odd number of elem. 1 = Skip even number of elem. PORT_EN (Enable) = PPI disable 1 = PPI enable PORT_DIR (Direction) = PPI receive mode 1 = PPI transmit mode XFR_TYPE[1:] (Transfer Type) In input mode: = Active field only 1 = Entire field 1 = Vertical Blanking only 11 = GP Input mode In output mode:, 1, 1 = ITU-656 Output Mode 11 = GP Output Mode 14-23 a

PPI Status Register (PPI_STATUS) ERR_NCOR (Error not corrected) ITU-656 Mode: = Preamble error detected and corrected 1 = Preamble error detected but not corrected Read to clear Addr: XFFC 14 OVR (PPI FIFO Overflow) = No interrupt 1 = FIFO Overflow Error interrupt occurred 15 14 13 12 11 1 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 FT_ERR (Frame Track Error) = No interrupt 1 = Frame Track error interrupt occurred Reserved ERR_DET (Error Detected) ITU-656 Mode: = No preamble error detected 1 = Preamble error detected FLD (Field Indicator) = Field 1 1 = Field 2 UNDR (PPI FIFO Underrun) = No interrupt 1 = FIFO Underrun error interrupt occurred 14-24 a

Transfer Count Register (PPI_COUNT) Addr: XFFC 18 15 14 13 12 11 1 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 PPI_COUNT[15:] In GP input mode: One less than the number of samples to read in to the PPI per line In GP output mode: One less than the number of samples to write out through the PPI per line Delay Count Register (PPI_DELAY) Addr: XFFC 1C 15 14 13 12 11 1 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 PPI_DELAY[15:] Number of PPI clock cycles to delay after assertation of PPI_FS1 before latching in data 14-25 a

Lines Per Frame Register (PPI_FRAME) Addr: XFFC 1 15 14 13 12 11 1 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 PPI_FRAME[15:] Holds the number of lines expected per frame of data 14-26 a