The Compact Muon Solenoidal Detector at LHC M. Della Negra/CERN Desy, 10 June 2003
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) CERN Site Beams Energy Luminosity pp 14 TeV 10 34 cm -2 s -1 Pb Pb 1312 TeV 10 27 cm -2 s -1 M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 2
1232 Superconducting Dipole Magnets 8.3 T LHC Magnet M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 3
LHC news M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 4
Higgs Production in pp Collisions q Z 0 p q W H W q q p Z 0 M H ~ 1000 GeV E W = 500 GeV E q = 1000 GeV (1 TeV) E p = 6000 GeV (6 TeV) Proton Proton Collider E p = 7 TeV @ 10 34 cm -2 s -1 Luminosity M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 5
The Higgs into four Muons Problem Which Magnet System? M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 6
The Higgs into two Photons Problem 115 GeV A precise e/γ Calorimeter @ 10 34? M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 7
The Tracking Problem At 10 34 one crossing every 25 ns. 30 Min Bias events superimposed per crossing Is Tracking possible at high luminosity? M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 8
Detector Design Priorities 1. A robust and redundant Muon system 2. The best possible e/γ calorimeter consistent with 1. 3. A highly efficient Tracking system consistent with 1. and 2. 4. A hermetic calorimeter system. 5. A financially affordable detector. M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 9
Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) Strong Field 4T Compact design Solenoid for Muon P t trigger in transverse plane Redundancy: 4 muon stations with 32 r-phi measurements P t /P t ~ 5% @1TeV for reasonable space resolution of muon chambers (200µm) M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 10
The CMS Detector M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 11
Bat 40 M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 12
The CMS Collaboration M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 13
The Modular Design of CMS SUPERCONDUCTING COIL CALORIMETERS ECAL Scintillating PbWO4 crystals HCAL Plastic scintillator/brass sandwich IRON YOKE TRACKER Silicon Microstrips Pixels Total weight : 12,500 t Overall diameter : 15 m Overall length : 21.6 m Magnetic field : 4 Tesla MUON BARREL Drift Tube Resistive Plate Chambers ( DT ) Chambers ( RPC ) MUON ENDCAPS Cathode Strip Chambers ( CSC ) Resistive Plate Chambers ( RPC ) M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 14
Surface and Underground Installations SDX with 80t crane delivered August 04 SCX DAQ Control Room delivered January 05, Surface building (SX) Delivered January 00 Service cavern (US) delivered March 04, Pillar Experimental cavern (UX) delivered July 04 LHC tunnel M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 15
Experimental Caverns V33: Service US delivered Mar 04; Experiment UX delivered July 04 M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 16
1st Barrel Yoke Wheel YB+2 Extracted (26 Oct 2000) M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 17
YB0 support Vacuum Tank M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 18
1st Disk Assembly : YE-3 (May 01) M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 19
Transfer CMS Underground mid-05 The design of CMS has been made modular to allow the transfer of big commissioned pieces underground. After the Magnet test on the surface mid-05, CMS can be transferred in the cavern in about 4 months. Rent 2000t Gantry for ~ 4 months Transfer YB0 (2000t) Transfer YE2 (800t each) M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 20
4 Tesla Coil Design: 4 Layer Winding Magnetic length Free bore diameter Central magnetic induction Nominal current Stored energy Magnetic Radial Pressure 12.5 m 6 m 4 T 20 ka 2.7 GJ 64 Atmospheres! M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 21
Status of Conductor We need 21 lengths (2.65 km each) of reinforced conductor. 4 lengths/coil_module x 5 coil_modules + 1 spare = 21 lengths insert EB welding ã All 21 superconducting cables have been produced (November 2002) ã All 21 inserts have been produced (January 2003) o 17 (out of 21) Electron Beam (EB) welded conductors have been produced so far. 4 lengths left to be reinforced. Finish by June 03. M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 22
Coil Winding (Ansaldo, Genova) Coil is made of 5 coil modules: CB-2, CB-1, CB0, CB+1, CB+2 CB-2 completed, CB-1 winding well advanced, last coil (CB+2) at CERN beg 04. 4 mo delay in mandrel production (critical path), aim to recover 2 mo Winding last layer of CB-2 Mandrel Production Critical CB0 CB-1 Magnet test on the surface ends mid-05 (2 mo delay wrt V33 planning, use master contingency in underground phase) M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 23
Inner Tracker Inner Barrel TIB- Inner Disks TID- Outer Barrel TOB- Pixel End cap TEC- 2,4 m 5.4 m Support Tube&Thermal Screen 24.4m 3 closed volume operating temperature 10 o C 210 m 2 of silicon sensors 6,136 Thin detectors (1 sensor) 9,096 Thick detectors (2 sensors) 9,648,128 electronics channels M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 24
Tracker General Structure TOB TEC TIB TID PD 2-3 pixels + 10-14 strip hits M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 25
Radiation Length in the Tracker As a result of the attention paid to controlling the material budget in the design of the CMS Tracker, nothing sticks out particularly. It does, however, add up M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 26
Track Reconstruction and Pt Resolution 1.0 ε 0.9 0.8 Et Jet 50 GeV Et Jet 200 GeV 0.7 η Pt/Pt ~ 2 % for 100 GeV muons in central region η < 2 Algorithm efficiency for track reconstruction in Jets > 95% M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 27
Final TOB Module Sensors: 2 producers ST thick 500µm (6 wafers) Hamamatsu thin 320µm 4 ASICs: APV25 0.25µm (DSM) rad hard technology: Analog pipeline, analog readout. 128 channels/asic, one fiber per module Hybrids: Major challenge: Critical path for module assembly. 4 layer Kapton flex circuit, laminated onto a ceramic substrate M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 28
Gantry in action: Assembly of 3 TOB modules Need 16,000 modules Automated module assembly M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 29
Tracker Module Production 72%PRGPRQPRGGD\ZRUNGD\VPRQWK²HQGV1RY 7,%PRGPRQPRGGD\ZRUNGD\VPRQWK²HQGV$XJ 7(&PRGPRQPRGGD\ZRUNGD\VPRQWK²HQGV'HF Start of module manufacture delayed ~5 months because of hybrids ~5 mo delay v33 Start Apr 03 50 Modules made last month. Expect 800 modules by July 03 (5% milestone) RWW JHQ DSU OXJ RWW JHQ DSU OXJ RWW Total TOB TIB TID TEC Dec 04 Tracker ready for installation : Nov 05 (V33 milestone, includes 3 month float) M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 30
System Tests Cosmics, deconvolution mode TIB TEC S/N ~ 25 muons (500 µm) = 40000 e- noise = 1600 e- identical to predictions. TOB M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 31
The CMS Pixel Detector The region below 20cm is instrumented with Silicon Pixel Vertex systems 4 10 7 pixels Shaping time ~ 25ns CMS pixel ~ 150 * 150 µm 2 With this cell size, and exploiting the large Lorentz angle We obtain IP trans. resolution ~ 20 µm for tracks with P t ~ 10GeV 30 30 cm cm 93 cm With this cell size occupancy is ~ 10-4 This makes Pixel seeding the fastest Starting point for track reconstruction Despite the extremely high track density M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 32
Inclusive b tagging in High Level Trigger (HLT) M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 33
Measurements on Module 00 (Feb 03) Module 00: 2x8 DMILL readout chips Works well at 40 MHz M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 34
Final 0.25µm ROC Design (IBM_PSI146) 7900µm Chip considerably modified and improved compared to DMILL version. 52X80 pixels (100µ x 150µ) Tape out to IBM in 2 nd week June. Expect ~12 weeks production. Yield? 9800µm M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 35
Beam Pipe EDR and Pixel installation The Pixel detector can be installed with the beam pipe in place. Install only after pilot run and stable beams (~ Oct 07?) M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 36
ECAL: PbWO4 Crystals M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 37
PbWO4 crystal: Energy Resolution 99 test beam H γγ Simulation (100 fb -1 ) σ E = 2.7% E 200MeV 0.5% E σ m /m = 0.5 [σ E1 /E 1 σ E2 /E 2 cot(θ/2) θ] M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 38
PbWO4 Crystals: Radiation Tolerance Low dose rate irradiation at TIS : Front Irradiation: 1.5 Gy, 0.15 Gy/hr 50 40 141 crystals Statistic on 141 crystals Mean Value : 2.96 % Standard deviation 1.07% 30 20 6% 10 0 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 10 LY loss (%) LY loss (%) M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 39
Laser monitoring 'LVSHUVLRQRIαIRUFU\VWDOV IRUFU\VWDOV VLJQDOIURP%HDPH α α VORSH α σµ RQWRSRID HIIHFW VLJQDOIURP/DVHU 8VHRIVDPHFRHIILFLHQWIRU DOOFU\VWDOVSRVVLEOH M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 40
CMS ECAL Calibration (~80,000 channels) Lab measurements of all modules; light yield, APD gain etc. Å 4.5 % 4.5 % intercalibration from Lab Measurements 97 crystals : RMS = 4.57 % Sigma = 4.40 % Testbeam precalibration transported to CMS (for 25% of detector) Å 2.0 % Distributed within detector, as standard candle Min-bias phi symmetry Å 2 % Fast calibration to reduce number of calibration constants Isolated e from W/Z Å 0.5 % Needs tracking in Si-tracker Within ~2 months Laser monitoring system over time to monitor crystal transparency /$%%($0%($0 M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 41
PbWO4 Crystals and Photodetectors Technological steps in Bogoroditsk %DUUHO 32 mm φ=85mm APDs 20 (QGFDS %DUUHO HQG %DUUHO (QGFDS 44 mm 65 mm 85 mm l16k barrel crystals (out of 62k ) delivered. lgrowth of large ingots is now very successful and reproducible ltechnical problems for cutting large ingots being solved. lcrystal production critical: last barrel crystal mid 05 85k out of 130k APDs delivered VPTs 4100 production VPTs delivered M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 42
Supermodule Assembly Need 2x18 supermodules (SMs) of ~ 1700 crystals each Finish 12 bare (no electronics) SMs by end-03 (out of 36 total) SM0 SM1 SM1 M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 43
EB mechanical construction SM0 bare Super Module completed with monitoring and Front Thermal screen installation. Ready to integrate electronics M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 44
ECAL Electronics Front-end Electronics redesigned recently: One fiber per trigger tower 5x5 crystals. 1)FE Board: 5x5 crystals FENIX : New chip DSM for trigger sums and digital pipeline. 2)VFE Board: 5 crystals Two versions for multigain preamp and ADC. DSM front-end expected to be substantially cheaper, consume less power and have slightly better performance DECISION in July-2003 after comparative tests of alternative systems 5 VFE boards FE board Motherboard with kaptons LVR board M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 45
ECAL Planning Goal: Apr 07 - ECAL complete and commissioned System test of both solutions mid-2003, followed by decision. ESR in Sep 03. EB electronics mounted in 2004/2005 calibrate at least 9 SMs in 2004 EE and SE mounted in 2006/2007, calibrate 1 Dee in 2006 ESR Sep 03 EB+ EB- EE- EE+ Electronics Schedule M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 46
Hadronic Calorimeter: HCAL Had Barrel: HB Had Endcaps: HE Had Forward: HF HB HF HE M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 47
Hadronic Barrel (HB) Sampling calorimeter: brass (passive) & scintillator (active) Coverage: η <1.3 Depth: 5.8 λ int (at η=0) φ x η = 0.087x0.087 E resolution: ~ (120 / E + 4)% 17 layers longitudinally, φ x η = 4 x 16 towers 20 o Completed & assembled M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 48 φ
Hadronic Endcap (HE) Sampling calorimeter: brass (passive) & scintillator (active) Coverage: 1.3< η <3 Depth: 10 λ int φ x η = 0.087x0.087 E resolution: ~ (120 / E + 4)% 20 o 19 layers longitudinally M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 49
Hadronic Forward (HF) calorimeter Steel absorbers, embedded quartz fibers // to the beam. Fast (~10 ns) collection of Cherenkov radiation. Coverage: 3< η <5 φ x η =10 o x 13 η towers Depth: 10 λ int M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 50
Permanent H2 Testbeam Facility M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 51
HO Outer Calorimeter Total number of λ int till the last sampling layer of HB is ~8. HO: 2 scint. tiles around first µ layer (extend to~11.8 λ int ) Test Beam 2002 Ring 2 Ring 0 ~ 5% of a 300 GeV π energy is leaked outside the HB HO improves π resolution by ~25% at 300 GeV & linearity Ring 1 M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 52
Test Beam 2002: Mixed Calorimetry Resolution 50 GeV pions TB02: π σ E /E and e/π Pions showering in the crystals Data energy resolution for 50 GeV pions Muon background Pion peak σ ( ( Background subtracted pion peak M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 53
Test Beam 2002: Resolution and Linearity σ E /E (%) 40 35 30 Resolution Ecal+HB with noise in both OSCAR-GEANT4 (TB02) Energy Response 1 0.98 0.96 0.94 Linearity 25 20 15 10 5 TB02 Data The agreement is excellent in all the energy range 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 Pion Beam Energy (GeV) Data systematic error analysis in progress 0.92 0.9 0.88 0.86 0.84 0.82 Shape difference: e/h (e.m. & nuclear x-sec), leakage? Ecal+HB with noise in HB (norm) OSCAR-GEANT4 (TB02) TB02 Data 0.8 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 Validate GEANT4 physics models Pion Beam Energy (GeV) M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 54
PYTHIA + CMSIM + ORCA single jets (R=0.5 cone algorithm) E/ Jet and Resolution T Squarks/gluinos of M~500 GeV decaying to jets + E/ T 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 MC MET, GeV M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 55
HCAL : HB and HE HB complete, install on board electronics by Q2-04 Back-flange 18 Brackets 3 Layers of absorber HE-1 complete, HE+1 installed Q4-03 M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 56
HCAL: HF Fibre Insertion If present rate maintained fibre insertion will be finished in November 2003 (instead of April 04) produced scheduled M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 57
Muon Detectors Three types of gaseous detectors: Drift Tubes in Barrel (DTs) Cathode Strip Chambers in Endcaps (CSCs) Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) in both barrel and endcaps DTs and CSCs provide precise position measurements (~100-200µm) RPCs provide precision bunch crossing identification (~1 ns) All 3 systems contribute to the L1-trigger. M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 58
Drift Tubes in Barrel Chamber Resolution: Pos ~ 100µm, Dir ~ 1 mrad M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 59
Muon Barrel DT Chambers 3 superlayers (SLs) : 2 phi and 1 theta SL Each SL has 4 layers of DTs. 12 precise measurements per station. DT Chamber ready for installation with minicrates: trigger and readout electronics M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 60
Muons: DT Production All 3 sites (Aachen, Ciemat, Legnaro) assembling chambers at necessary rate (18 ch/year). 4th site intorino: start assembly in autumn 03 (MB4). 7RWDO6XSHUOD\HUVSURGXFHG 'DWH 22 ch/y 18 ch/y $DFKHQ 0DGULG 3DGRYD M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 61
Muon DT Production DT Chamber Production (18DT/site/year) 230 180 $OO'7V 130 80 30 3ODQQHG $FKLHYHG $FKLHYHG3ODQQHG -20 Q4-01 Q1-02 Q2-02 Q3-02 Q4-02 Q1-03 Q2-03 Q3-03 Q4-03 Q1-04 Q2-04 Q3-04 Q4-04 Q1-05 Q2-05 Q3-05 Integral of produced chambers /quarter. M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 62
Installation of first MB1 chamber M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 63
Cathode Strip Chambers in Endcaps Radial strips measure bending coordinate to 100-240µm (charge interpolation) M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 64
Muons: CSC Assembly 45 US_CSCs at CERN US: production of 148 chambers finished. Dubna ME1/1 50 out of 72 assembled M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 65
Installing CSCs The support posts have been installed on YE+2, ready for CSCs to be mounted as soon as gas distribution pipes have been laid down. Start installation in Jun 03 M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 66
DT Trigger Electronics 'ULIW7XEHV/RFDO7ULJJHU h 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x 9 A B C D x 32 BTI BTI TRACO TRACO TRACO TRACO sel 5 9 TSS previews 2 9+2 TSMS full tracks 25 sel TSMD 30 bit previews TSMD 20 bit To Sector Collector 16 25 full tracks Out 0 Out 1 Out 2 Out 3 Out 4 Out 5 Out 6 Out 7 Out 8 Out 9 Out 10 Out 11 Outer Layer D = 23.7 cm Xcor BTI 2 Kcor Inner Layer x 32 BTI TST In 0 In 1 In 2 In3 Outer SL Inner SL 97 % efficiency measured in 25 ns structured beam M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 67
Bending Angle from DT Trigger Angle from Trigger electronics Track Angle cosmics telescope M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 68
Muon Trigger Efficiency M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 69
Physics Performance M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 70
Physics Performance M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 71
The CMS Trigger Formidable task: Bunch crossing rate permanent storage rate for events with size ~1MB 40MHz O(10 2 )Hz CMS design: Beyond Level-1 there is a High Level Trigger running on a single processor farm M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 72
CMS DAQ and Trigger System Event size: 1MB from ~700 front-end electronics modules Level-1 decision time: ~3µs ~1µs actual processing (the rest in transmission delays) DAQ bandwidth: designed to accept Level-1 rate of 100kHz HLT: designed to output O(10 2 )Hz.. Rejection of 1000 Modular DAQ: 8 x 12.5kHz units. DAQ staging: start with 4 slices (50kHZ) for first physics run at 2x10 33 M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 73
Level-1 Trigger M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 74
Level-1 Trigger table (2x10 33 ) L1 rate at 2x10 33 :16 khz (Factor 3 safety: 50kHz max bandwidth at the start) M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 75
HLT Summary: 2x10 33 cm -2 s -1 Adjust to O(100 Hz ) to mass storage M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 76
HLT performance signal efficiency With previous selection cuts M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 77
CPU time usage All numbers for a 1 GHz, Intel Pentium-III CPU Total: 4092 s for 15.1 khz 271 ms/event M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 78
HLT summary Today: need ~300 ms on a 1GHz Pentium-III CPU For 50 khz, need 15,000 CPUs Moore s Law: 2x2x2 times less time (fewer CPUs) in 2007 Central estimate: 40 ms in 2007, i.e. 2,000 CPUs Thus, basic estimate of 1,000 dual-cpu boxes in TDR Start-up system of 50kHz (Level-1) and 105 Hz (HLT) can satisfy basic discovery menu Some Standard Model physics left out; intend to do it, at lower luminosity and pre-scales as luminosity drops through fill. Examples: inclusion of B physics (can be done with high efficiency and low CPU cost; limitation is Level-1 bandwidth) Single-farm design works M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 79
Software/Computing: CPT Institution Board (CMS CB) CPT Managers CCS PM D. Stickland PRS PM P. Sphicas TRIDAS (ONLINE) PM S. Cillotin Technical Coordinator Resource Manager Higgs 61LNLWHQNR ECAL/e/γ &6HH] Online Farms Regional Center Coordination Architecture Frameworks &Toolkits SUSY & Beyond SM /3DSH TRACKER/b-τ M.Mannelli, L.Silvestris Online Filter Software Frameworks Production Processing & Data Management Librarian Services Standard Model -0QLFK HCAL/JetMET J.Rohlf, C. Tully Computing & Software Infrastructure GRID Integration Heavy Ions %:\VORXFK Muons D. Acosta, U.Gasparini M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 80
Data Challenge DC02 Spring 2002 production for HLT: 6 million events fully simulated (Geant 3) and reconstructed in ORCA. M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 81
Cost, Funding, Payment Profile M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 82
Initial Low Luminosity Detector LHC start up scenario? First Beam in April 2007. Beam commissioning for 4 mo. Goal: attain > 5.10 32 @25ns bunch spacing. Shutdown 2-3 months? Physics Run starts ~Oct-07: Run until 5-10 fb -1 @ 1-2 10 33 Initial CMS detector: Complete CMS (as described in TDRs) except: 1. ME4 staged 2. 3rd forward pixel disks missing 3. Start with 50% DAQ (limit L1 rate at 50kHz instead of 100 khz) 4. Reduced End-Cap RPC system: RE1,2,3 ( η < 1.6). Staging scenario consistent with Financial Plan approved by RRB The Financial Plan is based on 50 MCHF of additional funds promised by Funding Agencies on top of their global MoU commitment of 450 MCHF. The cost of the initial CMS detector is ~ 500 MCHF M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 83
CMS planning v33: Surface Assembly M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 84
V33: Underground Assemby V33: Underground Assembly M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 85
v33 Schedule Objective: Complete CMS (except ME4, RE system η >1.6, 50% DAQ) for April 2007 US and UX area delivered to CMS Mar 04, Jul 04 Install floor plates and shielding in UX area Nov 04- Apr 05 Magnet test on surface Jan 05- Apr 05 + 2 mo Lowering CMS May 05-Sep 05 + 2 mo ECAL barrel EB+ installation May 05-Jun 05 ECAL: EB- installation + EB cabling Oct 05-Nov 05 Tracker installation + cabling Feb 06-Jun 06 Beampipe Installation Jul 06-Sep 06 Underground Magnet Test Sep 06-Dec 06-2 mo EE installation Jan 07-Mar 07 Det/Trig/DAQ Integration and Commissioning Apr 06-Apr 07-2 mo CMS closed ready for beam Apr 07 ready for installation milestones are set 3 mo ahead of projected installation start date M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 86
All L1 & L2 milestones Milestone Plot > 500 milestones monitored by LHCC. best estimate of actual delay is ~2-3 months in parallel over several sub-systems M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 87
Physics at Startup Example SM Higgs Discovery Reach (5σ): ATLAS +CMS 10fb -1 per expt. At L 0 =10 33 cm -2 s -1 1 month ~ 0.7 fb -1 At L 0 = 3.10 33 cm -2 s -1 1 month ~ 2 fb -1 Assumptions: 14hr run and 10hr to refill i.e. 1 fill/day t L ~ 20 hr, Efficiency of 2/3 ATLAS +CMS 115 GeV 3 months (80 fills) @ L 0 =10 33 cm -2 s -1 M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 88
Squarks and Gluino mass reach Physics SUSY will be found quickly! M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 89
Conclusions Magnet: 4T Coil: proceeding well, but on critical path. Delay estimated to ~2 months. Can compensate the delay using master contingency. Tracker : Tight schedule, delayed start requires full exploitation of production capacity to recover. ECAL : Tight schedule. Revised electronics on track for decision in July 03 and start of production by Oct 03. Crystal delivery critical. HCAL: on schedule, 80% complete. Endcap Muons : on schedule, 80% complete. Barrel Muons: 30% complete, back on schedule by May 04. Trigger/DAQ: DAQ/HLT TDR recently approved by LHCC. CMS design validated. High Level Trigger (HLT) performance demonstrated with realistic algorithms using the OO offline reconstruction software. Same software running online and offline. Computing TDR: Dec 04. Distributed computing and analysis based on common grid tools (LCG). OO data base using ROOT i/o (Pool project). Physics TDR: Dec 05. Data Challenge 2004 50M events. Final Reconstruction software. Training Collaboration. A low luminosity detector can be ready for physics in 2007. Exciting physics is likely to start tumbling out soon after startup. M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 90
Backup slides Radhard Silicon detectors ECAL photodetectors Endcap ECAL Electron Reconstruction M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 91
The radiation hard P-on-N strip detector Single-Sided Lithographic Processing ( AC, Poly-Si biasing ) $O6WULSV 3LPSODQWV 1%XON Radiation hardness recipe P-on-N sensors work after bulk type inversion, provided they are biased well above depletion. Match sensor resistivity & thickness to fluence to optimize S/N over the full lifetime. 1,PSODQWV 3LPSODQWV 3µ%XON 1,PSODQWV +++ ----- ++ 6XUIDFHGDPDJH +++ ----- ++ - ++++ - - - - + Strip width/pitch ~ 0.25: reduce C tot maintain stable high bias voltage operation Surface radiation damage can increase strip capacitance & noise Use <100> crystal instead of <111> M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 92
Silicon Strip Sensor Properties Strip capacitance ~ 1.2pF/cm for w/p = 0.25 Independent of pitch and thickness Insensitive to irradiation for <100> crystal lattice Use 320µm thick Si for R < 60cm, Strip ~ 10cm Use 500µm thick Si for R > 60cm, Strip ~ 20cm Expected S/N after irradiation S/N ~ 13 for thin sensors, short strips S/N ~ 15 for thick sensors, long strips M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 93
Depletion Voltage vs LHC Years Running at -10 o C Standby at -15 o C 21 days at 10 o C per annum for maintenance 7 days at 20 o C per annum for repairs M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 94
γ 6L ( 1 6L2 FRQWDFW,QWHUQDOJDLQ IRU9 9 Avalanche Photo Diodes S SKRWRQFRQYHUVLRQ SH DFFHOHUDWLRQ QH PXOWLSOLFDWLRQ Q Ã Ã H GULIW Q H FROOHFWLRQ H FRQWDFW Issues: Contributions to all resolution term (C, I dark, excess noise factor, gain stability) Nuclear counter effect Radiation hardness 20 20 Status: APDs optimized with extensive R&D programme Strict Q&A applied, want 99.9% reliability Production (Hamamatsu) well under way, already > 50 % finished 7ZR$3'V $3'VSHUFDSVXOH M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 95
Vacuum Photo Triodes (Endcaps) φ = 26.5 mm Status: All VPTs are measured at 0 < B < 1.8 T and -30 0 < θ < 30 0 at RAL Sample VPTs checked at B=4T and θ=15 0 at Brunel, in addition faceplate irradiation. MESH ANODE 6LQJOHVWDJHSKRWRPXOWLSOLHUWXEH Measured performance matches EE design objectives, but sorting might be needed to accommodate a spread in anode response Production well under way >25% delivered *DLQDW% 74(DWQP DWQP M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 96
ECAL. Endcap 99 test beam results 180 GeV electrons at normal incidence M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 97
Electron reconstruction Main difficulty : tracker material bremsstrahlung E breams /E = 43.6 %, P t = 35 GeV, η < 1.5 Recover by reconstructing clusters of clusters ( super-clusters ) Essential for Z ee and W eν reconstruction, find compromise between statistics and little bremsstrahlung-loss VLQJOHHOHFWURQV S W!*H9 γ e RQO\VLQJOH FOXVWHUV VXSHU FOXVWHUV M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 98
Radiation Dose after 10 years of LHC: 30 krad (300 Gy) at η = 1.1 0.4 Mrad (4 kgy) at η = 2.0 2.4 Mrad (24 kgy) at η = 3.0 HCAL Radiation Damage Scintillator: Kuraray SCSN81 (polystyrene based plastic) WLS fiber: Kuraray Y11-250 double clad doped with K27 dye Tile/Fiber (10cm x 10 cm x 0.4 cm): SCSN81&Y11-250 Measured Light Yield Loss ~ exp(-dose/6.5 Mrad) ~ 25 % loss for 2 Mrad For η > 2 divide HE longitudinally into 3 segments (1, 4, 14 layers) Correct drop of light yield by adjusting weights for each readout segment. M. Della Negra/CMS/Desy, 10 June 2003 99