X-band Solid State Modulator Development raig Burkhart Power onversion Department January 5, 20
Overview Inductive adder topology SLA development SLA team: Richard assel (SLA slide material) Minh Nguyen d ook (LLNL) raig Brooksby (NSec) Other development ScandiNova Sincrotrone rieste DI Page 2
Inductive Adder opology Modules with transformer coupled output Primaries in parallel Secondaries connect in series Array low voltage IBs to generate high voltage pulse Single turn (or few turn) transformers have high bandwidth All components at near ground potential Fault tolerant Page 3 DRV Q 3 30ufd 50v IB DRI,2 D 3kv 3.3Kv 800A 2x50ufd 2.5kv DRV Q 3 30ufd 50v IB DRI,2 D 3kv 3.3Kv 800A 2x50ufd 2.5kv DRV Q 3 30ufd 50v IB DRI,2 D 3kv 3.3Kv 800A 2x50ufd 2.5kv DRV Q 3 30ufd 50v IB DRI,2 D 3kv 3.3Kv 800A 2x50ufd 2.5kv DRV Q 3 30ufd 50v IB DRI,2 D 3kv 3.3Kv 800A 2x50ufd 2.5kv /3/ /3/ /3/ /3/ /3/
SLA Induction Modulator Program. XP(8-Pack): Driving eight PPM klystron (XP) 500kV 2000A (500MW RF).6 μsec 20 Hz for RF Program. (ested with water load, XP klystron did not get manufactured) 2. XL4(4-Pack): Driving four XL4s using one half the drivers 400kV 260A (200MW RF).6 μsec 30-60 Hz for RF esting. (Operated) 3. DFM (Design For Manufacturing) (8-Pack): Design a prototype, to Drive 8 XP klystrons (Program change klystron reduced to 2 Klystrons per modulator) 4. DFM (Hybrid 2-Pack): Build a DFM prototype 5 stack and drive (2) XL4 klystrons using an existing :0 pulse transformer 400kV 630A 3.2 μsec. (Operational) 5. DFM (Integrated 2-Pack): Design and build a DFM Modulator using 2 turn secondary transformer to drive 2 XP klystrons (Project change to IL, design never completed) Page 4
SLA Induction Modulator Development 8/4-Pack able-top 2-Pack able-top 37.5µF @4.3 kv capacitors 3.3 kv IB 6.5 kv IB Larger IB heat sink Page 5
NL 8-PAK (8-XP) MODULAOR Water Load 500 kv, 650 Amps ORS AND SONDARY 76 Primaries @ 5400 A 3 urn Secondary 400 kv @ 800 A, 725 Meg watts for 3.2µs, 350 kw Ave. SOLID SA DRIVRS 52 IB s Drivers (two per Primary) 800 volts per IB 2700 Amps per Driver 5045 Klystron 400 kv, 450 Amps Page 6
NL 4-PAK (4-XL4) MODULAOR controls Klystron supplies drivers ORS AND SONDARY 76 Primaries @ 5400 A 3 urn Secondary 400 kv @ 200 A, XL4 Klystrons 400kV @ 320 A.6 μsec SOLID SA DRIVRS 76 IB s Drivers 800 volts per IB 3600 Amps per Driver Page 7 (4) XL4 Klystrons 400kV 200A
able-top (6575 quivalent) Modulator 0 Q n I 2 o D 8 k B + 6 R r n m 2 5 0 R D + + 3 2 0 Q 3 D 8 k I B 0 o. 3 R + r 3 m 2 5 5 0 D R 3 0 2 Q 2 D 8 k I B o R + r 2 m 2 5 0 e D R 0 Q D 8 k I B o + R r m 2 5 0 R D P + 2 0 + 0 Primaries @ 5400 A 20 IB drivers 2.2 kv, 2.7 ka urn Secondary :5 conventional X-former 330 kv, 360 A (Note: Rise time slow due to pulse transformer leakage inductance and stray capacitance) Page 8
NL DFM Hybrid Modulator Water Load 500kV 500A 37.5µF @4.3 kv (2) XK4 capacitors Klystrons 400kV 440A DFM Hybrid modulator utilizing DFM fabricated parts; Larger IB heat sink5 Metglas cores, 30 IB drivers, with a single secondary turn driving a conventional :0 pulse transformer: 530kV, 600A,.6 μsec, 20 Hz Page 9
ORION 5045 Klystron Modulator 2 > > 8 cells @ 24kV, 6kA 8 Primaries @ 620 A 6 IB drivers: 3.0 kv, 3. ka urn Secondary :5 conventional X-former: 360 kv, 44 A ) Iout 200A/V: 5 VOL 500 37.5µF ns @4.3 kv 2) Vout kv/v: 5 VOL 500 ns capacitors Resistive load 4 ohms 30nF Modulator only 24kV 6000A Page 0
0 DFM2 2-Pack Design (not fabricated) Modular ap hargers DFM2 prototype to drive 2 ea XP klystrons using single 5:50 ratio pulse transformer 30 drivers 500kV 500A.6 μsec. 20 Hz, Low leakage inductance, small size 5.254 Modular ap hargers Page
Other Development: ScandiNova ommercial manufacturer of fractional turn modulators (topologically equivalent to SLA DFM2) K2 model to 0.5 W peak 0. MW ave 0.5 MV 4 ka ± 0.05% pulse flatness ± 0.002% stability Page 2
Other Development: ScandiNova (K2-3X) Long rise/fall time, ~2 µs (265kV / 262A) Large effective turns ratio, >400: kv cells Page 3
Other Development: S-Fermi Prototype modulator (S-band) developed for Sincrotrone rieste Fermi FL project Based on SLA design Not completed Prototype transferred to PI Page 4
Other Development: Diversified echnologies, Inc. Hybrid hard-tube 80 kv solid-state switch (IB) ~:6.33 transformer SLA Klystron est lab NL Marx 2.5 kv cells (IB stack) 9-cell prototype (/5 th scale) Project terminated after downselect to S Page 5
X-Band Solid State Modulator Status IB-based solid state modulators are capable of meeting (and exceeding) the high power klystron requirements ommercial availability R&D opportunities to improve efficiency, fault tolerance, and modulator lifetime Optimized IB switch High voltage, high bandwidth adder design Page 6