1. Read closely to determine what the text says explicitly and to make logical inferences from it; cite specific textual evidence when writing or speaking to support conclusions drawn from the text. RL.4.1. Refer to details and examples in a text when explaining what the text says explicitly and when drawing inferences from the text. Students will use text-based details and examples when making inferences, as well as when answering directly-stated questions about the text. 2.1.3 2.1.5 (3 rd ) Ask and answer questions to demonstrate understanding of a text, referring explicitly to the text as the basis for the answers. Restate and paraphrase the text Differentiate between explicit and implicit Identify what an inference is Define schema and determine how to use it to make inferences Identify text-based details and examples to support making inferences (4 th ) Refer to details and examples in a text when explaining what the text says explicitly and when drawing inferences from the text. Details Examples Text-Evidence Explicit Inferring Implicit Quoting Justifying What was the author s purpose in writing this text? What does the author mean when he/she says? Which specific details in the text lead you to that conclusion? What can you infer from what you have read so far? Why do you think that? Can you give specific examples from the text that support your thinking?
2. Determine central ideas or themes of a text and analyze their development; summarize the key supporting details and ideas. RL.4.2. Determine a theme of a story, drama, or poem from details in the text; summarize the text. Determine a theme (central message, lesson, or moral) of a story, drama, or poem from details in the text; summarize the text. 2.1.3 2.1.7 (3 rd ) Recount stories, including fables, folktales, and myths from diverse cultures; determine the central message, lesson, or moral and explain how it is conveyed through key details in the text. Identify the theme (central message) of a story, drama, or poem Identify main idea (theme) and key supporting details of a story, drama, or poem Create a summary by combining main idea (theme) and key supporting details of a story, drama, or poem (4 th ) Determine a theme of a story, drama, or poem from details in the text; summarize the text. Teacher s Note: Universal themes could include: o Love and friendship o A great journey o Coming of age o Good vs. evil o Person vs. nature Fables Folktales Myths Central Message Moral Lesson Poems Drama Culture Key Supporting Details Theme Summarize What is the main idea of this poem/drama/ story? Which of the following best captures the theme of the text? How do the character s actions help determine the theme? How do the character s actions help support the theme? How is the central message conveyed throughout the story? Can you summarize what has happened so far? Convey to your partner in one sentence what the story is about?
3. Analyze how and why individuals, events, and ideas develop and interact over the course of a text. RL.4.3. Describe in depth a character, setting, or event in a story or drama, drawing on specific details in the text (e.g., a character s thoughts, words, or actions). Use text-based evidence from a story or drama to describe characters, setting, and events. 2.1.3 2.1.5 2.1.7 (3 rd ) Describe characters in a story (e.g., their traits, motivations, or feelings) and explain how their actions contribute to the sequence of events. Using the character s thoughts, words, or actions, describe the character using specific details from the text Using the character s thoughts, words, or actions, describe the setting using specific details from the text Using the character s thoughts, words, or actions, describe the events using specific details from the text (4 th ) Describe in depth a character, setting, or event in a story or drama, drawing on specific details in the text (e.g., a character s thoughts, words, or actions). Characters Setting Events Describe a character in the story using specific details. Describe the setting of the story using specific details. Describe what happened in the story when What do you think looks like (character or setting)? What words does the author use to describe (character or setting)? What words let you know what the character was thinking? Why do you think that happened that way in the story? Describe the impact of the setting on the outcome of the story. Did the environment affect the outcome of the story?
4. Interpret words and phrases as they are used in a text, including determining technical, connotative, and figurative meanings, and analyze how specific word choices shape meaning or tone. RL.4.4. Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including those that allude to significant characters found in mythology (e.g., Herculean). Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, specifically those that refer to significant characters found in mythology No match (3 rd ) Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, distinguishing literal from nonliteral language. Identify words and phrases that refer to mythological characters. Infer meaning of words and phrases using context clues (definitions, examples, or restatements in text) and knowledge of Greek and Latin roots. (4 th ) Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text, including those that allude to significant characters found in mythology (e.g., Herculean). Teacher s Note: This will require intentional teaching of mythology. Sample vocabulary of Mythological words could include: o Beware of Greeks bearing gifts (Trojan Horse) o Midas Touch (Chocolate Touch by Patrick Skene Catling) o Pandora s Box o Achilles Heel o Herculean effort Literal language Nonliteral language characters Mythological Greek roots Latin roots Context clues What does the word mean in this sentence? Can you read the words or sentences around the word to help you determine its meaning? What does the phrase mean? What strategies can you use to help you find the meaning of the word? In this sentence, the word means. Why do you think the author used this word (mythology term) to describe?
5. Analyze the structure of texts, including how specific sentences, paragraphs, and larger portions of the text (e.g., a section, chapter, scene, or stanza) relate to each other and the whole. RL.4.5. Explain major differences between poems, drama, and prose, and refer to the structural elements of poems (e.g., verse, rhythm, meter) and drama (e.g., casts of characters, settings, descriptions, dialogue, stage directions) when writing or speaking about a text. Using structural elements, students will be able to explain the difference between poems, drama, and prose when writing or speaking about a text. 3.4.2 (3 rd ) Refer to parts of stories, dramas, and poems when writing or speaking about a text, using terms such as chapter, scene, and stanza; describe how each successive part builds on earlier sections. Identify the structural element of dramas. Identify the structural element of poems. Compare, contrast, and explain structural elements and differences between poems, drama, and prose. (4 th ) Explain major differences between poems, drama, and prose, and refer to the structural elements of poems (e.g., verse, rhythm, meter) and drama (e.g., casts of characters, settings, descriptions, dialogue, stage directions) when writing or speaking about a text. Teacher s Note: There are only two ways to express yourself in writing; poetry or prose. Prose lacks verse. Anything without verse would be considered prose. Poetry has a formal metrical structure. Examples of prose would include: o Newspapers o Magazines o Encyclopeidas o Broadcasing o Film o Law Stanza Chapter Scene Drama Successive Text structure Novel Compare contrast Prose Dialogue Stage directions Verse rhythm Figurative language This selection can best be described as. Can you show me a verse in this poem? Who are the major characters in the play/drama? Can you explain the difference between a poem and a selection of prose? Find an example of how the author uses rhythm in the poem. Where is this drama set? Explain the differences between a poem and a drama. Can you show me an example of a verse, rhythm, and/or meter in this poem?
6. Assess how point of view or purpose shapes the content and style of a text. RL.4.6. Compare and contrast the point of view from which different stories are narrated, including the difference between first- and third-person narrations. Compare and contrast the differences between stories written in first and third-person narration. 2.2.3 (3 rd ) Distinguish their own point of view from that of the narrator or those of the characters. Identify characteristics of first-person narration Identify characteristics of third-person narration. (4 th ) Compare and contrast the point of view from which different stories are narrated, including the difference between first- and third-person narrations. Point of view Narrator First-person narration Third-person narration Is the selection/story written in the first or third person? How do you know? Who is telling the story in this selection? How is the perspective of the narrator different in the stories we read? Are there similarities in the perspective from which these stories are being told? How does the narrator s point of view influence the actions in the story?
7. Integrate and evaluate content presented in diverse media and formats, including visually and quantitatively, as well as in words.* *Please see Research to Build and Present Knowledge in Writing and Comprehension and Collaboration in Speaking and Listening for additional standards relevant to gathering, assessing, and applying information from print and digital sources. RL.4.7. Make connections between the text of a story or drama and a visual or oral presentation of the text, identifying where each version reflects specific descriptions and directions in the text. Compare and contrast different formats of a story (i.e., play, film, reader s theatre) identifying where each version reflects specific descriptions and directions (plot) in the text. No match Task Analysis (3 rd ) Explain how specific aspects of a text s illustration contribute to what is conveyed by the words in a story (e.g., create mood, emphasize aspects of a character or setting). Citing text-based examples, describe the story elements in a given text. Create and compare mental images based on continuous mentor text. Analyze and discuss why mental images differ from one person to the next. Identify different interpretations between texts and visual or oral presentations. (4 th ) Make connections between the text of a story or drama and a visual or oral presentation of the text, identifying where each version reflects specific descriptions and directions in the text. Compare Contrast Version Direction (plot) Visual presentation Oral presentation Interpretation How are the story and the visual presentation (picture, drawing, video) the same? How are the story and the oral presentation (speech, recording)) the same? How does the drawing/visual show what the author is saying? Does the presentation accurately reflect the story? What part of the story or drama is represented by the presentation?
RL.4.8. (Not applicable to literature) 8. Delineate and evaluate the argument and specific claims in a text, including the validity of the reasoning as well as the relevance and sufficiency of the evidence.
9. Analyze how two or more texts address similar themes or topics in order to build knowledge or to compare the approaches the authors take. RL.4.9. Compare and contrast the treatment of similar themes and topics (e.g., opposition of good and evil) and patterns of events (e.g., the quest) in stories, myths, and traditional literature from different cultures. Compare and contrast the treatment of similar themes and topics (e.g., opposition of good and evil) and patterns of events (e.g., the quest) in stories, myths, and traditional literature from different cultures. 3.4.3 (3 rd ) Compare and contrast the themes, settings, and plots of stories written by the same author about the same or similar characters (e.g., in books from a series) Compare and contrast the treatment of similar themes, topics, and patterns of events (plot) in stories from different cultures Compare and contrast the treatment of similar themes, topics, and patterns of events (plot) in myths from different cultures Compare and contrast the treatment of similar themes, topics, and patterns of events (plot) in traditional literature (fables, fairytales, songs, animal stories) from different cultures (4 th ) Compare and contrast the treatment of similar themes and topics (e.g., opposition of good and evil) and patterns of events (e.g., the quest) in stories, myths, and traditional literature from different cultures. Theme Setting Plot Compare Contrast Traditional literature What is this story about? What is the theme of this text? How is this theme similar to other stories we have read? Can you see any patterns in the events in this story and other stories we have read? How do the events of this text differ from other stories we have read? How is a myth different from a story? How is this version of the story different from the version from (country or culture)?
10. Read and comprehend complex literary and informational texts independently and proficiently. RL.4.10. By the end of the year, read and comprehend literature, including stories, dramas, and poetry, in the grades 4 5 text complexity band proficiently, with scaffolding as needed at the high end of the range. By the end of the year, students will read and comprehend a variety of text at the 4-5 lexile grade band. EALR 1 and 4.1 (3 rd ) By the end of the year, read and comprehend literature, including stories, dramas, and poetry, at the high end of the grades 2-3 text complexity band independently and proficiently. Identify student lexile level and provide scaffolding as needed to progress students to high end of 4-5 range. Create goals related to making progress in reading, including comprehension, fluency, and word-solving strategies. Analyze and monitor progress towards meeting goals. (4 th ) By the end of the year, read and comprehend literature, including stories, dramas, and poetry, in the grades 4 5 text complexity band proficiently, with scaffolding as needed at the high end of the range. Teacher s Note: Lexile level/range is reported in the MAP score report. o Grade 4 DRA 2 is level 40; F&P is Q-T. o Grade 5 DRA 2 is level 50; F&P is T-W. o In CCSS appendix on p. 8 the lexile range for grades 4-5 is listed as 770-980 Goals Lexile level What have you read independently lately? What was the reading range of this book? What genres have you read? What genre did you enjoy the most? Have you read multiple books by the same author? Who is your favorite author? Do you think you are ready to move to the next level?