Sid Roberts Microsoft Corporation Technology Policy Group siro@microsoft.com +1 206 696 6663 March 2014 spectrumpolicy@microsoft.com
Presentation Outline WISER W I S E R
Skyrocketing Wireless Data Demand Source: Cisco VNI Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast, 2012-2017
More connected objects than people
Most of the world s population is unconnected More people will connect as costs decline 4.5 billion unconnected 3.2 billion unconnected 2.0 billion unconnected 0.6 billion unconnected * The proportion of people who would find fixed broadband unaffordable by region The proportion of people who would find mobile broadband unaffordable by region 0.2 billion unconnected Africa Asia South America Oceania North America Europe Africa Asia South America Oceania North America Europe
Why Africa? 1B People By 2018 500m workforce Population 6.7m PC shipments Mobile Conn. 735m Mobile BB. 58m 30 MS offices in 15 cities Sustainable Growth 6 of the world s top 10 fastest growing economies 44% 1e kwrt 2e kwrt 167m internet users 17% YoY growth 10,000+ partners
Collaboration between Kenya s telecom regulator, Ministry of Information and Communications, Microsoft and Mawingu Networks. Pilot delivering low-cost wireless broadband access to previously unserved locations near Nanyuki and Kalema. First deployment of solar-powered based stations together with TVWS to deliver high-speed Internet access to areas currently lacking even basic electricity. Base stations allow end-users to charge devices. To maximize coverage and bandwidth, while keeping costs to a minimum, the Mawingu network relies on a combination of licenseexempt wireless technologies, including Wi-Fi and TVWS.
Mawingu Network in Nanyuki, Kenya Link Legend TVWS/UHF P2MP 5.8 GHz 4W EIRP P2P 5.4 GHz 1W EIRP P2MP
Tanzania Partners: Tanzania Commission for Science & Technology (COSTECH), and UhuruOne W8 devices, connectivity, and services targeted at university students, faculty, and staff Initial plan: to cover student pop. of 72,000 at four universities, then 189,000 students at universities across Tanzania Acquisition of devices and services facilitated through a partnership with the Tanzania Investment Bank, offering micro-loans over 3 to 36 months Students will be hired as on-campus support staff for network infrastructure. South Africa Partners: Council for Science & Industrial Research, University of Limpopo., and Multisource Low-cost, high-speed broadband connectivity and solar charging to five schools ICT Labs with W8 tablets, projectors and teacher laptops, as well as education content Teachers nominated for training and skilling The University of Limpopo will be used as a hub for a white space network
Downlink Units Uplink Units Base Station - Trasmitter CPE - Transmitter a Tx Power 11.0 dbm a Tx Power 11.0 dbm b Tx Antenna Gain 6.0 dbi b Tx Antenna Gain 6.0 dbi c Cable Losses 1.0 db c Body Loss 2.0 dbm d EIRP (dbm)=a+b-c 16.0 dbm d EIRP (dbm) =a+b-c 15.0 dbm Base Station - CPE - Receiver Receiver e Thermal Noise Power = -174 + 10*log (Δf) -106.2 dbm e Thermal Noise Power = -174 + 10*log (Δf) -106.2 dbm f CPE Noise Figure 3.5 db f Noise Figure 3.5 db g SNR 15.0 db g SNR 15.0 db h Receiver Implementation Margin 0.0 db h Receiver Implementation Margin 0.0 db i Interference Allowance 1.0 db i Interference Allowance 1.0 db j Receiver Sensitivity: e+f+g+h+i -86.7 dbm j Receiver Sensitivity: e+f+g+h+i -86.7 dbm k Rx Antenna Gain 6 dbi k Rx Antenna Gain 6.0 dbi l Cable Loss 1.0 db Total System Losses: d-j+k 108.7 db Total System Losses: d-j+k 107.7 db Link Margin (Hata) w/o Fade Margin and Link Margin (Hata) w/o Fade Margin and 13.3 db BPL BPL 12.3 db Other Losses Other Losses Building Penetration Loss (drop down box) 5 db Building Penetration Loss (drop down box) 5 db Link Margin (without fade margin) 8.3 db Link Margin (without fade margin) 7.3 db
Path Loss Small Cities Medium and Large Cities Variable Variable Description Okumura-Hata Range Value hb Height of base station Antenna. Unit: meter (m) Range (10m to 200m) 30 hm Height of mobile station Antenna. Unit: meter (m) Range(1m to 10m) 2 f Frequency of Transmission. Unit: Megahertz (MHz). Range (150MHz to 1500 MHz) 550 CH Antenna height correction factor Medium or Large City 1.05 d Distance between the base and mobile stations. Unit: kilometer (km). Range: up to 40km 0.2 Lu Path loss in Urban Areas. Unit: decibel (db) 95.43
Path Elevation Profile Saves the Day! Distance between Base and CPE Ground elevation at Base (without tower height of 25m) Ground elevation at CPE (without CPE antenna height of 3m) Highest elevation in the path between Base and CPE 8.94 km 1337 m 1285 m 1368 m Terrain profile is without Transmit or Receive Antenna Height LOS of Near-LOS for TVWS link may not be available Detailed breakdown of the profile on the next slide
Path Elevation Profile Saves the Day! Path 4= 8.94 km Distance BTS elevation (without tower) Highest point in path CPE elevation (ground level) 8.94 km 1329 m 1368 m 1285 m TVWS RF signal in the 500-600 MHz frequency range MAY be able to diffract over and around the modest hill in the near-los path.
Typical Capacity Analysis University Name Student Populat ion Concurr ent % (drop down C10) Concu rrent Users Minimum Throughpu t per user (drop down C11) Max. TCP Throu ghput per Ch. (Mbp s) Over- Subscript ion ratio (drop down C12) Total Capacity Require ment (Mbps) Average TCP Through put per Ch. (Mbps) Min. Numbe r of Base Station radios Number of Radios Per Sector (1 or 2) Number of 3- sector Base Station Sites Number of Base Station radios recomme nded University 1 10000 20% 2000 1 10 20 to 1 100 10 10 1 4 12 25 University 2 5000 20% 1000 1 10 20 to 1 50 10 5 1 2 6 25 Number of CPEs required* User Input Boxes University 1 inputs University 2 inputs Minimum required throughput per user 1 Mbps 1 Mbps Concurrent User % 20 % 20 % Over-Subscription/Contention Ratio 20 to 1 ratio 20 to 1 ratio Maximum TCP Throughput per Ch. 10 Mbps Average TCP Throughput per Ch. 10 Mbps *Minimum # of CPE (equal to min # of buildings) 25
WISER W I S E R Xuhang Ying, Jincheng Zhang, Lichao Yan Guanglin Zhang, Minghua Chen Ranveer Chandra
What is WISER? http://research.microsoft.com/apps/pubs/default.aspx?id=194566
Architecture of WISER Server Indoor Positioning System Outdoor Sensor Profiled Location Indoor Sensor WISER White-space Indoor Spectrum EnhanceR
WISER Conclusions WISER: the first indoor white space identification system Without requiring user devices to sense the spectrum WISER prototype identified 30%-50% more white spaces compared with Outdoor Sensing-Only, in a campus office building On-going work More measurements at different buildings Extending the single-floor design to multi-floor design Building indoor white space network to utilize the white spaces
http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/projects/spectrum/ spectrumpolicy@microsoft.com 2012 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Microsoft, Windows, Windows Vista and other product names are or may be registered trademarks and/or trademarks in the U.S. and/or other countries. The information herein is for informational purposes only and represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation as of the date of this presentation. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market conditions, it should not be interpreted to be a commitment on the part of Microsoft, and Microsoft cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information provided after the date of this presentation. MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, AS TO THE INFORMATION IN THIS PRESENTATION.