DOUBLESHARPS! You don't see them very often, but they do exist (kindof like Big Foot.. dun dun duuunnnnn).. A double sharp is an accidental that RAISES the pitch of a note by TWO semitones (or ONE whole tone). This differs from a regular sharp which only raises the note by ONE semitone. Take a look at the image below to see what a double sharp looks like. Kindof looks like an 'X', and it is placed in front of the note you wish to change. A DOUBLEFLAT actually looks like 2 flat symbols. Way too logical. I bet you can guess what a double flat does... It LOWERSthe pitch of a note by TWO semitones (or ONE whole tone). Again, peek at the image below to see what a double flat looks like. Exciting stuff. Double Sharp Double Flat Now you know your accidentals. All of them. It almost makes me want to sing. Next time we'll put them all together. FUN! Here is a fun (or not so fun) fact: Sharps and flats are not always accidentals, while naturals, double sharps, and double flats are always used as accidentals.. Can you think of a scenario where sharps and flats would be used as something other than accidentals? Here is a look at all of the accidentals together.. I didn't include any labels. Try to name the accidentals and identify what their function is. The next challenge is to put them all together. For example: You have a piece of music with 3 flats: B flat, E flat, and A flat. In your piece of music you encounter a B with a natural sign next to it. What note do you play? Well you would play the natural version of the key - the white key! Try to answer theses questions yourself before you look at the answers: What symbol would you use to raise a flat 1semitone? What symbol would you use to raise a flat 2 semitones? What symbol would you use to raise a flat 3 semitones? What symbol would you use to lower a double sharp one semitone? What symbol would you use to raise a double flat one semitone? What symbol would you use to lower a double sharp 2 semitones?
41 LESSON 39 ORCtEOF RFTHS All MAJOR KEYS If we put the sharp keys and the flat keys together, the circle would look like this: nasharps. lsha<p(f#) <t"-c-" d> 1>su.. oo Ilats.....G F 1flat(ab) 2 flats(bi>. (1)) 3 sharps (F#.C,.G#). The following keys are enharmonic equivalents: b & C#; Gb & F#, cb & B; They sound the same. but are spelled.differently...1. Writethe names of. the keys in the circle of 5ths under the staff. Then write the key signatures of.all of the keys.. Sharp Keys '# I LI I Flat Keys. ' t Il I1
Student's worksheets Albert Alcaide Valencia 02. If you see a sharp, flat or natural sign next to a note, does it change. the pitch the length the accent? 03. Copy out and complete this table - use the words and symbols from the boxes Symbol Name What it means Playa semitone niaher X Double sharp n Play one tone lower 1:...;;i:;tl?... J 4
f1=p I " Ipb I pi. m. Ii 42 LESSON 4.0 REVIEW O"F-lESSONS 37-39 1. are related by fifths. 2. The key of E has sharps. 3. The key of has 3 sharps. 4. The key of A has. flats. 5. The key of has 5 flats, 6. Name the keys indicated by the following key signatures:. 7.Write the following key signatures:.. I I. 1 G D E B E B D F 5): I 1 1 D. B\' F c E G A A., ::.8. Write the order of sharps. 9. Write the order of flats.
55 LESSON 53 MORE TIME SIGNATURES The top number shows the number of beats (or counts) in each measure. The bottom number shows what kind of note gets one beat. H means three beats in each measure. means an eighth note gets one beat. In g time, an eighth note or rest receives one beat. A dotted quarter note or rest receives three beats. Ilg rrl 'I 'I 'I 1 2 3 II J. I. ( 1 2 3 1 2, 3 h means six beats in each measure. means an eighth note gets one beat. In time, an eighth note or rest receives one beat. A dotted quarter note or rest receives three beats. II ITI 'I 'I 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 11 6 r r 8 2 4 5 6 :::ount the beats, then clap the rhythm of the notes and rests while counting 3 FTJIL-JL...JII---'JL.!- I W--'f--I'--+-' I -L-J ----'1--'1 IITJ,n 'I 3 1 2 3 1 (2 3) 1 2 3 1 (2) 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 n the beats. I l 2 3 I J. 1 (2 3) Nrite the beats under the notes. Remember, there are six beats in each measure. :::ount the beats and clap the rhythm. mj..oj I ' -ill in the missing beats with notes or rests, thendap the rhythm. J ml) J 11 j Ii IJ. j J 1m I.J )J 1"1 j) "I,0 "I I J II II -.:',' h'.,'. ",
56 LESSON 54 ANOTHER WAY TO COUNT When g time is played at a fast tempo, it is usually counted "in 1", When time is played at a fast tempo, it is usually counted "in 2". IIgmlm l&a l&a mm -ttfll&a2&a L { J I, r-:.'. Sometimes j time is indicated with the letter C which stands for COMMON TIME. It is just another way of saying j time. and mean exactly the same thing. If the C is cut in half ( ) it is called CUT TIME or ALLA BREVE. It means the 1is cut in half to. The music would sound the same but it is counted "in two". 3 & 4 & j 1 & JJTIlj 2 e & a Write the counting under the following lines. Then count the beats and clap the rhythm. Slowly "in 3" 1. II lti.j. I I j ) In 1 11 j 11 J I lti I Fast "in I" 2. II lti I J j I ) I n 1 11.J -{ J IlTI J. I Slowly "in 6" 3. II ill J )I I J ).J }.J I 1 j J } )Yj I J Fast "in 2" ':.",: m J )I j )J ) J J j ) ).J J. 4.* I I "I I J. "...... :...,",..... ',.".. 5, Slowly "in 4" DJJ J J I d J.J I J n J n I D J j lie ) Fast "in 2" 6. -tt- IITI.J J I d.j J I n j.j n In J J f II...'.., '... ".'.... :..".,- :.. '...
57 LESSON 55 TRIPLETS A TRIPLE)" is a group of three notes that are performed in the space normally allotted for two of the same kind of note. III to to 1 & 2 & 11 3 3 I tri-plet 2 tri-plet 3 rn J 1 & 2 1 tri-plet 2 --tt-':ii Zr.--D"----------,J'"---I 1 tri-plet 2 tri-plet 3 tri-plet 4 tri-plet IIi E? EP E!? E!? 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & D 2 & 1 tri-plet 2 tri-plet,..:. SYNCOPATION In jazz, rock, and pop, as well as in classical music, the accents sometimes come on the normally weak divisions of the beat, adding new excitement to the music _ This is called syncopation. II }d J 1)1 d j 1 & (2) & 3 4 1 & (2) & 3 4 1 & (2) 3 1 & (2) 3 Add the bar lines in the following lines and write the counting under each measure. Then count the beats and clap the rhythms. 11411 ir----j'----il...j ---IIm'-'L3J}r).l.-J --.J.J}J_}ILJ}L-!I!'J } --'Lrrn---,,--- J 1--lIt > 3 > >- if DJ J }J }j J mj )j. J )J )J )j PJ J. J. j "f 4l "f }J md 1JJJ JmD)l J 1m> 1tAU >- >- >- 3 3 Z--Z..J-----'J"ft--L4J.JL.j}J}_LJ----tJL-.LJ}JL-JL.) m J f _L)1L-J...JL}----tmmLL...#L-_LJ It r_.
58 LESSON 56 REVIEW OF LESSONS 53-55.", 1. In time, an note receives one beat. 2. In time, there are beats in each measure. 3. In time, there are six beats in each _ 4. In H time, an eighth note receives count. 5. When time is played fast, it is counted "in ", 6. When g is played fast, it is counted "in ", 7. is the symbol for common time. 8. is the symbol for time. 9. Cut time is also called Breve. 10. A triplet is a group of notes. 11. When accents are placed on weak beats, it is called _ Add the bar lines and write the counting under each measure. Then count the beats and clap the rhythm. Fast "in 2" 12. II ill } J f ) j,j Fast "in 2" 13. II } J } J ill }J "I }"I P LTJ n 1 3 3 3 14. IIi }J flffi,j ),J ldjj mj mj lffin J f lffin 3 3 ),J f J j 15. "l ldj 0 ill J! 16. Write an E scale, using a syncopated rhythm pattern. First write the key signature, then the time signature..