Citation Indexes for the Social Sciences and Humanities. Rūta Petrauskaitė Vytautas Magnus University Research Council of Lithuania

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1 Citation Indexes for the Social Sciences and Humanities Rūta Petrauskaitė Vytautas Magnus University Research Council of Lithuania

2 Historical context 1995 the first evaluation of academic institutions by the expert group from Norway 1997 evaluation of Research Institutes by national experts, drive for interdisciplinarity 2001 request to publish in ISI journals, attempts to preserve Lithuanian language in academic discourse for SSH 2005 demand to publish in the journals included in the international DB

3 Historical context 2006 ISI for SSH abolished, president s appeal to Constitutional Law concerning SSH 2007 answer from the constitutional law, favourable for SSH 2009 request to publish in the peerreviewed journals 2010 lists of international DB abolished

4 DB Lituanistika start of the bibliografic DB for additionally peer-reviewed publications on Lithuanian studies extention of the DB, widening of the horizon introduction of bibliometic approach in the DB

5 Lituanistika database portal

6 Distinctive features of the DB Includes thematic research publication since 2000 and disserations since 1991 Detailed records for better search possibilities Links and references to other publications Expert comments and information on evaluation score

7 Ration of Social Sciences and Humanities

8 Generic structure of the DB

9 Fields of research

10 Proportions of full texts Full Text Links to Full Text

11 Structure of the Information system of the DB Lituanistika Cataloging Cataloging Submit Preservation E-objects Repository Fedora Database Lituanistika Information System Search & Deliery Web Portal Lituanistika DB WWW OPAC LituanistikaDB Virtual Library Citation and Bibliography Review and Administration

12 Publications inside and outside the citation module Cited References To Be Done

13 Search in the citation module

14 Individual citation record h-index and self-citations

15 A more detaled information on citation of one source

16 Visualization of one source citation

17 Ranking list of sources

18 Search possibilities using citation references

19 The motivation behind citation analyses A tool for historians of particular scholarly topics to trace major networks of influence, collaboration, and dependence To examine differences and similarities in citation pattern both over time and among disciplines A search for methods of assessment, evaluation, and ranking

20 Bibliometric vs Content Citation Analysis Citation analysis is something of a misnomer, in that it usually studies of bibliographical references, rather than studies of citations embedded in continuous academic text (Swales 1986: 39)

21 CCA approach A different studies of citations, i.e. studies of the citing behaviour of researchers and scholars in their contruction of academic text CCA derives from frequently expressed concern about the adequacy and reliability of simple and straighforward citation counting

22 Dubious cases of citations Negative and critical citations Well known named theories and discoveries (Theory of Relativity instead of Einstein 1905) Non-references citations (Zipf Law) Citations of considerably different length Self-citations

23 CCA approach The aim is to concentrate on a textual level, apply discoursal procedures in order to get a viable categorisation schemes to supplement purely quantitative reference counting For that aim types and functions of textual citations have to be analised

24 Types of intertextuality Proper textual citations in... References periphrased freely rendered citations mere mention Allusions or indirect references

25 Functions of citations Types of connectedness conceptual or operational (refered to because of the concept or theory versus a technique or a method) evolutionary or juxtapositional, (to build on the foundation or to offer alternative)

26 Functions of citations Qualitative types of citations: organic or perfunctory, (for understanding or mere acknowledgement) confirmative or negational from the point of view of the correctness of the findings proposed in the cited paper (Moravsic, Murugesant 1975)

27 IT approach NLP techniques The automatic recognition of the function of citations for: automatic detection and classication of citation functions improvement of impact factor calculations more informative citation indexers a tool CiTalO, to infer automatically the functions of citations

28 Interdisciplinary approach Discourse analysis IT computer science Information analysis (bibliometrics) Sociology of science Policy pf Research in that order for the best result Many citations are done out of politeness, policy and piety (Ziman 1968)

29 Acknowledgements and thanks to philosophers and sociologists Aldis Gedutis, Liutauras Kraniauskas to the leaders of Lituanistika DB team Lina Bloveščiūnienė, Antanas Štreimikis to the academic discourse researchers Jolanta Šinkūnienė and my doctoral and postdoctoral students