Science Projects Packet Spalding High School

Transcription

1 1 Science Projects Packet Spalding High School ISEF Student Handbook is available at ISEF Rules and Guidelines can be found at Intel ISEF Category Descriptions are available at The Georgia Science and Engineering Fair website has information specific to this year s state level competition Quick Reference Guide on APA Documentation LEO:Literacy Education Online APA In-Text (Parenthetical) Documentation handout Information on Forms and the Research Plan Attachment Rubric for initial science project topic idea due on Rubric for updated and finalized science project topic idea due on Friday August 15, 2014 Rubric for 10 pages of notes from 5 non-encyclopedic references due on September 19, Rubric for hypothesis, experiment, forms and research plan attachment due on Friday October 24, Final Project Rubric including project notebook (abstract, research paper, forms), log book, and visual display due on Friday December 5, 2014.

2 2 Quick Reference for APA Documentation When you document your sources in your logbook and paper for science fair, you must document using the APA style. This is the preferred style used in psychology, sciences, and education. I have included several examples of APA documentation in this handout. If you do not see the documentation for a source you have, let me know, or do an on-line search for APA references. Parenthetical Citation Within A Paper You must document any idea that is not your own. By documenting where your information came from, you avoid plagiarism. You will need to use parenthetical citation when writing the science fair paper. Please refer to the LEO: Literacy Education Online APA In-Text (Parenthetical) Documentation handout for more information References When you list your references, list them is alphabetical order. Please make a note of the indentation that is used when citing references. 1. a book with a single author Last name, I. (year). Title of Book. City where published: Publisher. Example: Alverez, A. (1970). The savage god: A study of suicide. New York: Random House. 2. a book with more than one author Last name, I., & Last name, I. (year). Title of Book. City where published: Publisher. Examples: Natarajan, R., & Chaturvedi, R. (198). Geology of the Indian Ocean. Hartford, CT: University of Hartford Press. Hesen, J., Carpenter, K., & Milsop, A. (198). Computers in the business world. Hartford, CT: Capital Press.. journals/periodicals Last name, I. (when published). Title of article. Periodical Title, page # s. Examples: Heyman, K. (1997). Talk radio, talk net. Yahoo!,, Maddux, K. (1997, March). True stories of the Internet patrol. NetGuide Magazine, Posner, M. I. (199, October 29). Seeing the mind. Science, 262,

3 4. electronic sources Try to include the following information. I have also included tips on where to locate it. Author of the document = if an author is given it is usually at the very beginning or very end of a particular document; when in doubt, look for an address-this will often lead you to the name of the person who authored the document. Date of Publication = if given, the document s date will be included somewhere in its text. There is a special way to note if the document has no specific date. Date of publication on the web (or the date of the most recently updated version. Title of Document = the placement of documents titles varies. Generally, web authors place a title at the top of the actual web page. If no title is there, use the title of the window as it opens in your web browser. Type of Document = varies according to the source of the document, usually On-line serial, WWW page, Discussion, News Bulletin, or Text File Volume and issue number (on-line journals) = if a volume and issue number is given, it will probably be in the header of the document, close to the title Location of document = also varies according to the source of your document. If it is a web page, place the URL in your documentation. Examples of general forms: Author, A., Author, B., & Author, C. (2000). Title of article. Title of Periodical. Retrieved month day, year from URL. Author, A. (2000). Title of work. Retrieved month day, year, from URL. Author, A. (Date indicate n.d. if date is unknown). Title [Electronic version]. Magazine or Journal Title, volume (issue, if given), paging. Retrieved month day, year, from URL. Example if there is no author or date: Name of sponsoring organization or title of site. (Date indicate n.d. if date is unknown). Document name. Retrieved month day, year, from URL.

4 4 Example if you cannot identify the sponsoring organization and there is no date: Title of Document. (n.d.). Retrieved month day, year, from URL. Specific Examples: A personal web-site Pellegrino, J. (1998, December 16). Homepage. World Poetry Audio Library. Retrieved October 4, 1999 from A professional web-site American Psychological Association. (1999). Electronic reference formats recommended by the American Psychological Association. Retrieved October 4, 1999 from A site with no author or date but there is a sponsoring organization Greater New Milford (Ct) Area Healthy Community 2000, Task Force on Teen and Adolescent Issues. (n.d.). Who has time for a family meal? You do! Retrieved October 5, 2000 from A site with no author, no date, and no sponsoring organization GVU s 8 th WWW user survey. (n.d.). Retrieved August 8, 2000 from

5 5 LEO: Literacy Education Online APA In-Text (Parenthetical) Documentation In APA style, source material is cited using a system that emphasizes the author and date of publication in its in-text citations. These in-text citations used when source material is quoted, paraphrased, or summarized point to full bibliographic citations located in the reference page at the end of the document. Here are general guidelines for in-text citations that cover the use of authors' names, placement of in-text citations, and treatment of nonrecoverable and electronic sources. Use of Authors' Names In APA style, only the author's last name is used in the document as a whole and within in-text citations in particular. If the author's name is mentioned in the text Most often, an author's last name appears in the text with the date of publication immediately following in parentheses: Bolles (2000) provides a practical, detailed approach to job hunting. If the author's name is not mentioned in the text When the author's name does not appear in the text itself, it appears in the parenthetical citation followed by a comma and the date of publication: Interactive fiction permits readers to move freely through a text and to participate in its authorship (Bolter, 2001). Note: If you cite the same source a second time within a paragraph, the year of publication may be omitted. If there are two authors When a work has two authors, always cite both names every time the source is cited in the text: Katzenbach and Smith (199) define a team as "a small number of people with complementary skills who are committed to a common purpose, performance goals, and approach for which they hold themselves mutually accountable" (p. 45).

6 6 If the authors' names appear in the text itself, connect the names with the word and; however, if the authors' names appear parenthetically, connect the names with an ampersand (&): A team is defined as "a small number of people with complementary skills who are committed to a common purpose, performance goals, and approach for which they hold themselves mutually accountable" (Katzenbach & Smith, 199, p. 45). If there are three, four, or five authors When you cite for the first time a work with three, four, or five authors, cite all authors: Cogdill, Fanderclai, Kilborn, and Williams (2001) argue that "making backchannel overtly available for study would require making its presence and content visible and its content persist, affecting the nature of the backchannel and raising social and ethical issues" (p. 109). (Again, if the authors' names appear parenthetically rather than in the text itself, connect the final two names with a comma and an ampersand). In all subsequent citations, include only the name of the first author followed by et al. (the abbreviation for the Latin phrase meaning "and others"): Cogdill et al. (2001) assert that "backchannel is multithreaded, substantial, and governed by many social conventions" (p. 109). Again, if the authors' names appear parenthetically rather than in the text itself, connect the final two names with a comma and an ampersand. If there are six or more authors If a work has six or more authors, cite the last name of the first author followed by et al. in all citations: Adkins et al. (2001) studied the use of collaborative technology during a multinational, civil-military exercise. If two authors have the same last name If a document includes sources by two authors with the same last name, include the first and middle initial of each author in all text citations: R. P. Allen (1994) and D. N. Allen (1998) have both studied the effects of monitoring in the workplace. If two or more sources are cited When citing two or more sources by different authors within the same citation, place the authors' names in parentheses in alphabetical order, followed by the year of publication and separated by a semicolon:

7 7 Hypertext significantly changes the process of information retrieval (Bolter 2001; Bush, 1945; Landow 1997). If no author is identified If no author is identified, use an abbreviated title instead, followed by the date. Use quotation marks around article or chapter titles, and underline book, periodical, brochure, and report titles: The use of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems has grown substantially over the past five years as companies attempt to adapt to customer needs and to improve their profitability ("Making CRM Work"). Placement of Citations for Quoted Material Specific page numbers for paraphrased or quoted material appear within the parenthetical citation following the abbreviation for page (p.). The location of the parenthetical citation for a quote depends upon the placement of quoted material within the sentence: If the quotation appears in midsentence, insert the final quotation mark, followed by the parenthetical citation; then complete the sentence. Branscomb (1998) argues that "it's a good idea to lurk (i.e., read all the messages without contributing anything) for a few weeks, to ensure that you don't break any of the rules of netiquette" (p. 7) when you join a listserv. If the quotation appears at the end of the sentence, insert the final quotation mark, followed by the parenthetical citation and the end punctuation: Branscomb (1998) argues that when you join a listserv, "it's a good idea to lurk (i.e., read all the messages without contributing anything) for a few weeks, to ensure that you don't break any of the rules of netiquette" (p. 7). If the quotation is long (40 words or more), it should be formatted as a block quotation, and the parentheses should appear after the final punctuation mark: Bolles (2000) argues that the most effective job hunting method is what he calls the creative job hunting approach: figuring out your best skills, and favorite knowledges, and then researching any employer that interests you, before approaching that organization and arranging, through your contacts, to see the person there who has the power to hire you for the position you are interested in. This method, faithfully followed, leads to a job for 86 out of every 100 job-hunters who try it. (57)

8 8 Treatment of Nonrecoverable Sources and Recoverable Electronic Sources Nonrecoverable sources Personal communications (letters, interviews, , and other nonrecoverable sources) are cited in the text of the paper rather than in the reference list at the end. Provide the initials and the last name of the author. When citing an or letter, provide the date the communication was sent. When citing an interview, provide the date the interview occurred: R. N. Valesquez (letter to author, November 17, 2000) noted misapplication as the source of poor product results. B. O'Connor (personal interview, March, 2001) indicated that an environmental task force is being established to evaluate the most pressing problems and strategies for addressing them. Recoverable electronic sources When citing recoverable electronic sources in text (that is, those sources that have an Internet address), use the author-date method described above. Also, when quoting or paraphrasing source material from an Internet source, include either the paragraph number or "n.p." (for no page) directly following the quote or paraphrase: Wigand and Benjamin (1995) predict "an evolution from manufacturer-controlled value chains to electronic markets" (n.p.) The Write Place This handout was written by Judith for the Write Place, St. Cloud State University, St. Cloud, MN, using the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association; it may be copied for educational purposes only. If you copy this document, please include our copyright notice and the name of the writer; if you revise it, please add your name to the list of writers. URL: Updated: 6 March 2004

9 9 Information on Forms and the Research Plan/Summary Instructions o o o You are required to access, type on, and print out the forms you need for your project from the Internet ( You need to have Acrobat Reader on your computer in order to access the forms. It is on the computers here at school and can be downloaded for free from your home computer. If you choose to print out the forms you need from the library, you will be charged $0.10 per page. Remember, you will have to have typed the required information on the form before you print it out. Nothing should be handwritten except for required signatures, the date that the forms are signed, and the actual start and actual end dates of your experiment. If you have a problem typing something on the form, it is your responsibility to notify your teacher as soon as possible. The forms can be found by following these steps. o In the URL box type in o Click on Rules, Forms and Resources in the left hand margin (it is listed under Intel ISEF). o Click on Forms. o Select the forms you need for your project. If you are unsure about what forms you need:! Click on Rules and Guidelines in the left hand margin.! On the webpage you will see Intel ISEF Rules Wizard.! Click on that link and answer the questions that follow. Only type on and print out the forms that you need for your project. All students will need the Checklist for Adult Sponsor (1), Student Checklist (1A), Research Plan/Project Summary and Approval Form (1B), as well as the Risk Assessment Form (). Be aware that the Research Plan/Project Summary will be a separate document that you will have to type on your own and turn in. You will find examples on the next handout. o Your project may require Forms 1C, 2, 4, Informed Consent Statement, 5, 6A, 6B, or 7 depending on the specifics of your project. o o o You will not need to complete the Abstract form until after you have completed your entire project. It is due with the final project in December. Don t forget that your science teacher will be your adult sponsor for your science project. And remember, information on any and all forms can be found at

10 10 Research Plan/Project Summary A. Include a brief synopsis of the background that supports your research problem and explain why this research is important scientifically and, if applicable, explain any societal impact of your research. B. Hypothesis(es) OR Engineering Goal(s), Research Question(s) and Expected Outcomes The hypothesis for this project is blah, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah. OR The engineering goal of this project is blah, blah, blah, blah. The research question(s) being addressed in this project is(are) blah, blah, blah, blah. The expected outcomes of this project are blah, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah. C. Research Methods and Conclusions The materials and/or equipment used in this experiment include: 1. blah 2. blah. blah etc. (This should be written in a list format.) The procedures for the experiment are: 1. blah, blah, blah 2. blah, blah, blah. blah, blah, blah etc. (This should be written in a list format.) Risk and Safety Concerns: The risk and safety concerns for this project are: here you will identify any potential risks and the safety precautions needed to minimize those risks. Data Analysis: The data collected in this experiment will be analyzed using the following methods: 1. blah, blah, blah 2. blah, blah, blah etc. (This should be written in a list format.) D. Bibliography: List at least five (5) major references (e.g. science journal articles, books, internet sites) from your literature review. If you plan to use vertebrate animals, one of these references must be an animal care reference. Choose one style and use it consistently to reference the literature used in the research plan Guidelines can be found in the Student Handbook ***If your project involves human participants, vertebrate animals, potentially hazardous biological agents, or hazardous chemicals, activities and devices, you must address the individual concerns mentioned on the research plan attachment cover sheet for those situations.

11 11 Name: Rubric for Science Project Topic Idea Due on Friday August 15, 2014 Period Students: When you turn in your initial idea, it can be either handwritten or typed. Please indicate if you will document your references in either MLA or APA style. Project Idea and Possible Project Variables Category Idea Variables Independently identified a question to be addressed in the project which was interesting to the student and which can be investigated. Independently identified and clearly defined possible independent variables (variables to be changed in the project) and possible dependent variables (variables to be measured in the project). Identified, with adult assistance, a question to be addressed in the project which was interesting to the student and which can be investigated. Independently identified possible independent variables (variables to be changed in the science project) and possible dependent variables (variables to be measured). Feedback is needed to clearly define the variables. Identified, with adult assistance, a question to be addressed in the project that can be investigated. With adult assistance, identified and clearly defined possible independent variables (variables to be changed in the project) and possible dependent variables (variables to be measured in the project). Five Possible Non-Encyclopedic References Identified a question to be addressed in the project which can not be investigated or that does not merit investigation Adult assistance is needed to identify and define the possible independent and depend variables in the project. Category Possible References Proper Documentation Student has provided 5 possible nonencyclopedic references for the project. At least 2 possible references are not websites. Student has listed all 5 possible nonencyclopedic references for the project in proper format. Student has provided 4- possible nonencyclopedic references for the project. At least 2 possible references are not websites. Student has listed 4 possible nonencyclopedic references for the project in proper format. Student has provided 2 possible nonencyclopedic references for the project. At least 2 possible references are not websites. Student has listed possible nonencyclopedic references for the project in proper format. Student has provided 5-2 possible nonencyclopedic references for the project. All possible references are websites. Student has listed all 2 possible nonencyclopedic references for the project in proper format. Student has provided either only 1 no possible nonencyclopedic references for the project. Student has listed 1 (or no) possible nonencyclopedic references for the project in proper format. Points Earned = Total Points Possible = 18 Your Grade = Teacher Feedback/Comments: Points Earned Points Earned

12 12 Name: Period: Rubric for 10 Pages of Notes from 5 Non-encyclopedic References Due on Friday September 19, 2014 Students: Be sure to indicate if you are using MLA or APA for reference documentation. Points Possible Points Earned Bound notebook with pages sewn in. Blue or black ink only used, no pencil. No whiteout used if mistakes are made. Single line strikeouts are used. First page of logbook is the Table of Contents page Mechanics Statement of Problem is listed on the 2 nd page of the logbook Notes begin on Page of logbook Student uses their usual and typical handwriting style in their logbook (does not write larger than usual or leave larger than normal spaces between words). Logbook Notes are dated 10 Pages of Notes (There will be a penalty for skipped lines and unnecessary information.) At least 5 Nonencyclopedic references provided on a reference page. At least 2 nonencyclopedic references are not websites. All references documented properly # of pages of notes = # of skipped lines/unnecessary information = # of lines on a page = # of references # references that are not websites Total Points Earned Ref #1 = Ref # 2 = Ref # = Ref #4 = Ref #5 = 4 points per page points per reference points per reference points per reference

13 1 Name: Period: Logbook Forms Rubrics for Hypothesis, Experiment, Forms, and Research Plan Attachment Due on Friday October 24, 2014 Rubric #1 Hypothesis (written in an if than format) Variables Identified (independent and dependent variables for experiment written on same page as hypothesis) Materials List (Complete list of all and any materials and/or equipment needed. Schematics for self-built materials/equipment are also included.) Procedures for Experiment (Must be detailed enough so that anyone off of the street can completely and total reproduce your experiment.) Form 1: Checklist for Adult Sponsor/Safety Assessment Form Required Forms for All Projects Additional/Optional Forms if Required Points Possible Form 1A: Student Checklist 7 Research Plan 7 Form 1B: Approval Form 7 Form : Risk Assessment Form 7 Form 1C: Registered Research Institution/Industrial Setting Form Form 2: Qualified Scientist Form Form 4: Human Subjects Form Informed Consent Statement Form 5A or 5B: Vertebrate Animals Form 6A: Potentially Hazardous Biological Agents Form Form 6B: Human and Vertebrate Animal Tissue Form Form 7: Continuation Projects Form If using human subjects, you must also turn in a copy of any test, survey, or questionnaire to be used in your project. If using human subjects, you must also turn in a copy of any test, survey, or questionnaire to be used in your project points for each optional form needed for your project if not included Points Earned

14 14 Rubric #2 Category Points Earned Spelling, Punctuation and Grammar Materials Procedures Safety Experimental Design Variables One or fewer errors in spelling, punctuation and grammar All materials used in the experiment are clearly and accurately described. Procedures are listed in clear steps. Each step is numbered and is a complete sentence. All safety measures that should be followed in the experiment are clearly listed and are easy to understand. Experimental design is a wellconstructed test of the stated hypothesis. All variables are clearly described with all relevant details 2 or errors in spelling, punctuation and grammar Almost all materials in the experiment are clearly and accurately described Procedures are listed in a logical order, but steps are not numbered and/or are not in complete sentences. Almost all of the safety measures that should be followed in the experiment are listed and are easy to understand. Experimental design is adequate to test the hypothesis, but leaves some unanswered questions. All variables are clearly described with most relevant details Total Points Earned for Rubric #2 4 errors in spelling, punctuation and grammar Most of the materials used in the experiment are accurately described. Procedures are listed but are not in a logical order or are difficult to follow. Most of the safety measures that should be followed in the experiment are listed. Experimental design is relevant to the hypothesis, but is not a complete test. Most variables are clearly described with most relevant details 5 or more errors in spelling, punctuation and grammar Many materials are describe inaccurately or are not described at all. Procedures do not accurately list the steps of the experiment. No safety precautions are listed for the experiment and/or the experiment poses a threat to the safety of the experimenter. Experimental design is not relevant to the hypothesis. Variables are not described or the majority lack sufficient detail Rubric #1 Grade: + Rubric #2 Grade: = Final Grade:

15 15 Name: Project #: Total Points: Final Project Due on Friday December 5, Science Fair Project Evaluation Rubric #1 Creative Ability Poor Fair Average Good Excellent Points Idea not original Methods not original Does not promote original & efficient problem solving No new conclusions 6 9 Ideas somewhat original Some original methods Promote somewhat efficient & reliable problem-solving Possible new conclusions Idea is truly original Strong originality in methods Promotes, efficient, reliable problem solving New conclusions reached Scientific Thought/Engineering Goals Poor Fair Average Good Excellent Points 5 Unclear purpose/objective Somewhat clear purpose/objective. Hypothesis poorly developed. Variables poorly defined. Observations not controlled, accurate or measurable. Insufficient data. Conclusions not limited to data. Little record of observations in log book. Solution unworkable. No related research or bibliography. Hypothesis somewhat well developed. Variables somewhat defined. Observations loosely controlled, somewhat accurate & measurable. Adequate data. Conclusions somewhat limited. Adequate record of observations. Solution may be workable. Adequate research including bibliography Clear purpose/ Objective. Hypothesis well developed. Variables clearly defined. Observations controlled, accurate, & measurable. Extensive data. Conclusions limited to data. Extensive records of observations. Solution workable. Significant research including bibliography.

16 16 Thoroughness Poor Fair Average Good Excellent Points 5 Purpose not fully carried out Purpose limited in carrying out Purpose carried to completion. Problem not covered. Conclusion based on single experiment or replication. Project notes insufficient. Insufficient time spent. Unaware of other theories. Problem somewhat covered. Conclusion based on adequate number of experiments/ replications. Project notes limited Limited time spent on project. Somewhat aware of theories. Problem covered completely. Conclusion based on extensive number of experiments/ replications. Project notes extensive. Sufficient time spent on project. Aware of other theories/literature. Skill Poor Fair Average Good Excellent Points Little evidence of skills. Received much assistance. Demonstrates little understanding of project. 6 9 Adequate evidence of skills. Received some assistance. Demonstrates partial understanding of project Extensive evidence of skills. Received little or no assistance. Demonstrates extensive understanding of project. Clarity Poor Fair Average Good Excellent Points Somewhat Appealing and selfexplanatory. appealing and selfexplanatory. 4 Unappealing and not selfexplanatory. Data not clearly presented with spelling errors. Work haphazard or not done by student. Data presented adequately spelling mostly correct. Most work done by student. Data clearly presented and with correct spelling & labeling. Work obviously done by student.

17 17 Name: Project #: Final Project Due on Friday December 5, Science Fair Project Grading Rubric #2 Project Notebook Log Book Forms Abstract Typed on form and 250 words or less Form 1 Form 1A Research Plan Form 1 B Form Any additional forms Double spaced Times New Roman size 12 font Pages numbered Title Page Table of Contents Research Introduction Report (at least 2 pages) You must Materials and Procedures follow the Results guidelines Discussion in the Intel (at least 1 page) ISEF 2015 Conclusions Student (at least ½ page and 2 Handbook. paragraphs) Acknowledgements References/ Bibliography Appendix (if needed) Bound Notebook Entries Dated Ink Only and No Whiteout Pages Numbered Table of Contents Statement of Problem 10 Pages of Notes 5 Non-encyclopedic References Properly Documented Hypothesis Points Possible 5 points each If missing -5 points per form 2 points each 10 points each 5 points 10 points 2 points each 5 points 4 points per page 4 points per reference 5 points Points Earned

18 18 Log Book Continued Visual Display Materials List Procedures Raw Data Include Data Tables Discussion Conclusions Tri-board is well organized with no handwriting on tri-board. Title Present Statement of Problem Hypothesis Summary of Methods (materials and procedures) Results/Data Tables Graphs/Pictures Conclusions Total Points Earned 5 points 10 points 15 points 10 points each 5 points each 10 points each Total Points Possible 295 Average of this rubric = /295 Rubric #1 Grade = Rubric #2 Grade = Average of Rubrics and Final Grade =