From Kant to Quine: Reading List

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1 From Kant to Quine: Reading List Munich Center for Mathematical Philosophy, LMU Munich Neil Dewar April 9, 2018 This document collects the recommended reading for this course. You are strongly encouraged to consolidate your understanding of each week s topic by reading some of the further literature and commentary on it. The reading for each week is split into primary and secondary literature: at least initially, you may want to focus on the secondary literature (although don t assume that the interpretations given there are necessarily faithful to the originals!). 1

2 General and anthology texts The following are good general introductions to logical empiricism, and may be helpful preparation. Ayer, A. J. (1936). Language, Truth and Logic. Victor Gollancz Ltd., London. The book that first introduced logical positivism to an English-speaking audience: be aware, though, that Ayer s views are not always that representative of the Vienna Circle s actual views. A. J. Ayer on Logical Positivism and Its Legacy (1976 interview between Ayer and Bryan Magee), available on YouTube at v=ng0ewnezfl4. Comes with a pleasingly weird theme tune. Carnap, R. (1963). Intellectual Autobiography. In Schilpp, P. A., editor, The Philosophy of Rudolf Carnap, number 11 in The Library of Living Philosophers, pages Open Court, La Salle, IL. Carnap s reflections on his life: lots of good insight into the personalities of the members of the Vienna Circle. Creath, R. (2017). Logical Empiricism. In Zalta, E. N., editor, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, fall 2017 edition. A very useful overview of logical empiricism. Friedman, M. (2011). A Parting of the Ways: Carnap, Cassirer, and Heidegger. Open Court. An account of the 1929 debate between Ernst Cassirer and Martin Heidegger, which Carnap attended. Friedman uses this as a focus for a study in the very different directions taken by twentieth-century philosophy despite a common neo-kantian heritage. There are a few books from which I have drawn a substantial number of the below readings. These include: Ayer, A. J. (1978). Logical Positivism. Greenwood Press, Westport, CT. Reprint of 1959 original Coffa, J. A. (1991). The Semantic Tradition from Kant to Carnap: To the Vienna Station. Edited by Wessels, L. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Friedman, M. (1999). Reconsidering Logical Positivism. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Giere, R. N. and Richardson, A. W., editors (1996). Origins of Logical Empiricism. Number 16 in Minnesota studies in the philosophy of science. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis Richardson, A. and Uebel, T., editors (2007). The Cambridge Companion to Logical Empiricism. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2

3 1 Kant and his successors The Preface, Introduction, Transcendental Aesthetic and Transcendental Analytic in Kant, I. (1781). Kritik Der Reinen Vernunft. Johann Friedrich Hartknoch, Riga, 1st edition; 2nd ed Translated as Kant, I. (1998). Critique of Pure Reason. Edited by Guyer, P. and Wood, A. W. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Kant, I. (1783). Prolegomena Zu Einer Jeden Künftigen Metaphysik, Die Als Wissenschaft Wird Auftreten Können. Johann Friedrich Hartknoch, Riga Translated as Kant, I. (2002). Prolegomena to any future metaphysics that will be able to come forward as science. In Allison, H. and Heath, P., editors, Theoretical Philosophy after 1781, The Cambridge Edition of the Works of Immanuel Kant, pages Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Both texts have been abridged and simplified by Jonathan Bennett: see www. earlymoderntexts.com/authors/kant Bennett, J. (1966). Kant s Analytic. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Chapter 1 ( Kant, analysis, and pure intuition ) of Coffa, J. A. (1991). The Semantic Tradition from Kant to Carnap: To the Vienna Station. Edited by Wessels, L. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Guyer, P., editor (2010). The Cambridge Companion to Kant s Critique of Pure Reason. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, especially: Chapter 1 (Hogan, D. Kant s Copernican Turn and the Rationalist Tradition) Chapter 4 (Shabel, L. The Transcendental Aesthetic) Chapter 14 (Horstmann, R. The Reception of the Critique of Pure Reason in German Idealism) Chapter 15 (Pollok, K. The Transcendental Method : On the Reception of the Critique of Pure Reason in Neo-Kantianism) 1 2 of Rohlf, M. (2016). Immanuel Kant. In Zalta, E. N., editor, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, spring 2016 edition 3

4 2 Post-Kantian philosophy of geometry von Helmholtz, H. (1868). Über die Tatsachen, die der Geometrie zum Grunde liegen. Nachrichten von der Königlichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, (9): Translated as On the Facts Underlying Geometry in von Helmholtz, H. (1977). Epistemological Writings. Edited by Cohen, R. and Elkana, Y. D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht von Helmholtz, H. (1870). Über den Ursprung und die Bedeutung der geometrischen Axiome. Heidelberg Translated as On the Origin and Significance of the Axioms of Geometry in von Helmholtz (1977) von Helmholtz, H. (1876). The Origin and Meaning of Geometrical Axioms. Mind, (3): Poincaré, H. (1898). On the Foundations of Geometry. Monist, 9(1) Biagioli, F. (2017). Space as a Source and as an Object of Knowledge: The Transformation of the Concept of Space in the Post-Kantian Philosophy of Geometry. In Wuppuluri, S. and Ghirardi, G., editors, Space, Time and the Limits of Human Understanding, pages Springer International Publishing, Cham Chapter 2 ( Geometry, pure intuition, and the a priori ) of Coffa, J. A. (1991). The Semantic Tradition from Kant to Carnap: To the Vienna Station. Edited by Wessels, L. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Friedman, M. (2000). Geometry, construction, and intuition in Kant and his successors. In Between Logic and Intuition: Essays in Honor of Charles Parsons, pages Ivanova, M. (2015). Conventionalism, structuralism and neo-kantianism in Poincaré s philosophy of science. Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part B: Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics, 52, Part B: Patton, L. (2016). Hermann von Helmholtz. In Zalta, E. N., editor, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, winter 2016 edition Torretti, R. (2016). Nineteenth Century Geometry. In Zalta, E. N., editor, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, winter 2016 edition 4

5 3 19th-century empiricism Comte, A. (1830). Cours de Philosophie Positive. Rouen, Paris. Published in 6 volumes between 1830 and Freely translated and condensed as Comte, A. and Martineau, H. (1893). The Positive Philosophy of Auguste Comte. Mill, J. S. (1843). A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive: Being a Connected View of the Principles of Evidence and the Methods of Scientific Investigation. John W. Parker Mach, E. (1883). Die Mechanik in ihrer Entwickelung: historich-kritisch dargestellt. F.A. Brockhaus, Leipzig. Translated as Mach, E. (2013). The Science of Mechanics: A Critical and Historical Exposition of Its Principles. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Bourdeau, M. (2015). Auguste Comte. In Zalta, E. N., editor, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, winter 2015 edition, especially 4 ( The Course on Positive Philosophy and the Friendship with Mill ) Cobb, A. (2017). Mill s Philosophy of Science. In Macleod, C. and Miller, D. A., editors, A Companion to John Stuart Mill, pages Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford Cohen, R. S. (1968). Ernst Mach: Physics, perception and the philosophy of science. Synthese, 18(2-3): Macleod, C. (2018). John Stuart Mill. In Zalta, E. N., editor, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, spring 2018 edition Pojman, P. (2011). Ernst Mach. In Zalta, E. N., editor, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, winter 2011 edition, especially 4 5 ( Philosophy of Science and Physics ) 5

6 4 Logicism in Frege and Russell Frege, G. (1879). Begriffschrift, Eine Der Arithmetischen Nachgebildete Formelsprache Des Reinen Denkens. Halle. Translated as Frege, G. (2002). Begriffsschrift, a formula language, modeled upon that of arithmetic, for pure thought. In van Heijenoort, J., editor, From Frege to Gödel: A Source Book in Mathematical Logic, , pages Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA. (Reprint of 1977 edition) Frege, G. (1884). Die Grundlagen Der Arithmetik: Eine Logisch-Mathematische Untersuchung Über Den Begriff Der Zahl. w. Koebner, Breslau. Translated as Frege, G. (1980). The Foundations of Arithmetic: A Logico-Mathematical Enquiry into the Concept of Number. Blackwell, Oxford Frege, G. (1893). Grundgesetze Der Arithmetik. Hermann Pohle, Jena; and Frege, G. (1903). Grundgesetze der Arithmetik (2). Hermann Pohle, Jena. Translated as Frege, G. (2013). Gottlob Frege: Basic Laws of Arithmetic. Oxford University Press Russell, B. (1903). The Principles of Mathematics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Chapter 4 ( Frege s semantics and the a priori in arithmetic ) of Coffa, J. A. (1991). The Semantic Tradition from Kant to Carnap: To the Vienna Station. Edited by Wessels, L. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Demopoulos, W. and Clark, P. (2007). The Logicism of Frege, Dedekind, and Russell. In The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy of Mathematics and Logic Dummett, M. (1991). Frege : Philosophy of Mathematics. Duckworth, London Irvine, A. D. (2016). Principia Mathematica. In Zalta, E. N., editor, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, winter 2016 edition 1 ( Historical Background ) of Tennant, N. (2017). Logicism and Neologicism. In Zalta, E. N., editor, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, winter 2017 edition 6

7 5 Knowledge in neo-kantianism von Helmholtz, H. (1921). Schriften Zur Erkenntnistheorie. Edited by Hertz, P. and Schlick, M. Springer, Berlin. Translated as von Helmholtz, H. (1977). Epistemological Writings. Edited by Cohen, R. and Elkana, Y. D. Reidel Publishing Company, Dordrecht. Cassirer, E. (1910). Substanzbegriff Und Funktionsbegriff: Untersuchungen Über Die Grundfragen Der Erkenntniskritik. Bruno Cassirer, Berlin. Translated in Cassirer, E. (1923). Substance and Function and Einstein s Theory of Relativity. Open court, Chicago. Schlick, M. (1918). Allgemeine Erkenntnislehre. Naturwissenschaftliche Monographien und Lehrbücher, Berlin, 1st edition. 2nd ed Chapter 9 ( Schlick before Vienna ) of Coffa, J. A. (1991). The Semantic Tradition from Kant to Carnap: To the Vienna Station. Edited by Wessels, L. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Friedman, M. (1997). Helmholtz s Zeichentheorie and Schlick s Allgemeine Erkenntnislehre: Early logical empiricism and its nineteenth-century background. Philosophical Topics, 25(2):19 50 Friedman, M. (2016). Ernst Cassirer. In Zalta, E. N., editor, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, fall 2016 edition Patton, L. (2016). Hermann von Helmholtz. In Zalta, E. N., editor, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, winter 2016 edition 7

8 6 Reactions to relativity Einstein, A. (1922). The Meaning of Relativity. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ Reichenbach, H. (1920). Relativitätstheorie Und Erkenntnis Apriori. Springer, Berlin. Translated as Reichenbach, H. and Reichenbach, M. (1965). The Theory of Relativity and A Priori Knowledge. University of California Press, Berkeley. Schlick, M. (1917). Raum Und Zeit in Der Gegenwärtigen Physik. Springer, Berlin, 1st edition. 2nd, 3rd and 4th eds. 1919, 1920, and Third edition translated as Schlick, M. (1920). Space and Time in Contemporary Physics. Oxford University Press, Oxford. Cassirer, E. (1921). Zur Einsteinschen Relativitätstheorie. Bruno Cassirer, Berlin. Translated in Cassirer, E. (1923). Substance and Function and Einstein s Theory of Relativity. Open court, Chicago. Carnap, R. (1922). Der Raum: Ein Beitrag Zur Wissenschaftslehre. Number 56 in Kant-Studien Ergänzungshefte. Reuther and Reichard, Berlin Chapter 10 ( Philosophers on relativity ) of Coffa, J. A. (1991). The Semantic Tradition from Kant to Carnap: To the Vienna Station. Edited by Wessels, L. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Howard, D. (1994). Einstein, Kant and the Origins of Logical Empiricism. In Salmon, W. C. and Wolters, G., editors, Language, Logic, and the Structure of Scientific Theories, pages University of Pittsburgh Press, Pittsburgh Ryckman, T. (1992). P(oint)-c(oincidence) thinking : The ironical attachment of logical empiricism to general relativity (and some lingering consequences). Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A, 23(3): Ryckman, T. A. (1996). Einstein Agonists: Weyl and Reichenbach on Geometry and the General Theory of Relativity. In Giere, R. N. and Richardson, A. W., editors, Origins of Logical Empiricism, number 16 in Minnesota studies in the philosophy of science. University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis Ryckman, T. A. (1999). Einstein, Cassirer, and General Covariance Then and Now. Science in Context, 12(4): Ryckman, T. A. (2007). Logical Empiricism and the Philosophy of Physics. In Richardson, A. and Uebel, T., editors, The Cambridge Companion to Logical Empiricism. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 8

9 7 Constructing the World Russell, B. (1914). Our Knowledge of the External World: As A Field for Scientific Method in Philosophy. George Allen & Unwin Ltd., London Wittgenstein, L. (1921). Logisch-Philosophische Abhandlung. Annalen der Naturphilosophie, 14. Translated as Wittgenstein, L. (2001). Tractatus logico-philosophicus. Routledge, London; New York. Carnap, R. (1928). Der Logische Aufbau Der Welt. Felix Meiner Verlag, Leipzig. Translated as Carnap, R. (1967). The Logical Structure of the World; Pseudoproblems in Philosophy. University of California Press, Berkeley. Awodey, S. and Carus, A. W. (2007). The Turning Point and the Revolution: Philosophy of Mathematics in Logical Empiricism from Tractatus to Logical Syntax. In Richardson, A. and Uebel, T., editors, The Cambridge Companion to Logical Empiricism, pages Cambridge University Press Chapters 8 ( A logico-philosophical treatise ) and 11 ( Carnap before Vienna ) of Coffa, J. A. (1991). The Semantic Tradition from Kant to Carnap: To the Vienna Station. Edited by Wessels, L. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge McGuinness, B., editor (1979). Ludwig Wittgenstein and the Vienna Circle: Conversations Recorded by Friederich Waismann. Barnes and Noble, New York McGuinness, B. (1985). Wittgenstein and the Vienna Circle. Synthese, 64(3): McGuinness, B. (1991). Wittgensteins Beziehungen zum Wiener Kreis. In Hochkeppel, W., editor, Jour Fixe Der Vernunft. Der Wiener Kreis Und Die Folgen, pages Holder-Pichler-Tempsky, Vienna. Translated as McGuinness, B. (2002). Relation with and within the Vienna Circle. In Approaches to Wittgenstein: Collected Papers, pages Routledge, London Stern, D. (2007). Wittgenstein, the Vienna Circle, and Physicalism: A Reassessment. In Richardson, A. and Uebel, T., editors, The Cambridge Companion to Logical Empiricism, pages Cambridge University Press 9