Question 2 repeated. Question 3: How will the man get home?

Transcription

1 Bridge 05 06, January February 2015, volume 18 Teachers File RECORDING SCRIPTS Teachers File (TF) contains transcripts of the sample listening tests for the final maturita exam, a sample of FCE listening and the solutions to the tasks. The headings indicate which CD track corresponds to the text. The TF is also available at online.cz in the UČITELÉ section, password PLEASE. CD Track 1 Toto CD obsahuje dva poslechové testy ukázku maturitního poslechového testu, dále poslechová cvičení ke zkoušce Cambridge English: First (FCE) a zjednodušený úryvek z knížky americké spisovatelky Harper Lee Jako zabít ptáčka. Nyní uslyšíte záznam maturitního testu, který se skládá ze čtyř částí. Jednotlivé části jsou od sebe odděleny následujícím zvukovým signálem. Po uplynutí vymezeného času na seznámení se s úlohami nebo zaznamenání odpovědí, uslyšíte tento zvukový signál. Všechny nahrávky uslyšíte vždy dvakrát. Pokyny pro jednotlivé části jsou v anglickém jazyce. Sample Maturita Test CD Track 2 Bridge p. 4 LISTENING PART ONE Questions 1 4 You will hear people talking in four different situations. For questions 1 4, choose the correct picture: A, B or C. Question 1: Where is the team training today? Woman: Hello? Man: Hi Sarah. This is Mike. Is Joe at home? Woman: Hi Mike. No, he isn t. It s Thursday. Haven t you got football training at the stadium as usual? Man: No, we haven t. This Thursday the whole team wanted to have some different training. Woman: Oh, I remember. Joe told me that there was a vote on where to go. Was the final decision a swimming pool or an indoor cycling centre? Man: Well, I m at the cycling centre and no one is here. That s typical for me; I messed up the places again. It must be at the other place we talked about. I m glad you mentioned it. I hope I can still get there in time! CD Track 3 Bridge p. 4 Question 1 repeated CD Track 4 Bridge p. 4 Question 2: What is the family going to do tomorrow in Snowdonia for the first time? Woman: Excuse me, is this your first time here in Snowdonia National Park? Man: No. It isn t. This park is our favourite family holiday destination. We come here every other year. Last time we even managed to climb the highest peak for the first time. Woman: Wow! You sound like a very sporty family. Have you heard that the park has opened a new centre for water sports? Man: Oh, yes. Last year when we visited New Zealand, we didn t have a chance to try white water rafting there, so we re planning to try it here. We always cycle everywhere because we love the park s fantastic cycle paths, so tomorrow we re going to hop onto our bikes and then go directly to the water centre. We ve already booked the time and an instructor. CD Track 5 Bridge p. 4 Question 2 repeated CD Track 6 Bridge p. 4 Question 3: How will the man get home? Woman: Hi Paul. I m so sorry, but I can t pick you up from work this afternoon. I ve just learned that I m working outside the city today and I ll get back just in time to pick up Toby from his after-school club before they close at 5:00. Man: OK. I m not very happy to hear that, but never mind. I ll take a taxi again. Woman: Wait, wait. Don t get upset. After I pick up Toby, I ll drive him straight to his guitar lesson. The music school is on the same underground line as your office, just two stops away. So, hop on the Tube and you could meet me in the café opposite the music school. We ll wait for Toby there and then I ll drive us all home together. Man: Darling, that s a brilliant idea. I ll be there. It s not too far so I ll walk. CD Track 7 Bridge p. 4 Question 3 repeated CD Track 8 Bridge p. 4 Question 4: Which book does the boy need for his biology test? Man: Hi Laura. It s me, Tom. Woman: Hi Tom. What s up? Man: Well, I m taking a biology test tomorrow and I ve lost my book. Could I borrow yours? Woman: No problem, but are you sure that we use the same book? We don t have the same teacher. Mine is a white one with butterflies on the cover. Man: That s mad. We re using the one that has a group of lions on its cover. We had butterflies last year. It seems that you are a bit behind us. What about your brother? He might have the one I need, mightn t he? Woman: He s not at home. But wait; I ll try to have a look in his room... (pause)... Well, I ve found one book, but it has monkeys on the cover. I m sure his class was working with the one you re looking for last month, but they must have finished it. Anyway, I ll tell him to call you back. He might still have it and he could lend it to you. Man: That would be great. Thanks. CD Track 9 Bridge p. 4 Question 4 repeated CD Track 10 Bridge p. 5 PART TWO Questions 5 12 You will hear an artist talking about her exhibition. For questions 5 12, decide which of the statements are true or false. CD Track 11 Bridge p. 5 Mark: Hi Susan. Thanks for taking the time to talk to us about your art exhibition. Susan: No problem, Mark. I m really excited to share this project with your online listeners. Mark: So, can you tell me about your art? You re a painter, is that correct? Susan: Well, I ve done all sorts of things since I finished my studies, including being a shop assistant in an art supplies shop and working in a gallery. But yes, I am a painter, although I also love to use mixed media for some of my pieces. Mark: I know what that is, and I m pretty sure most of our listeners do, too, but could you give us a little more detail about it? Susan: Well, mixed media is using different types of art together. For example, I might combine ink, paint and cut-up pieces of newspapers or magazines to create different effects on one canvas. Mark: That sounds like a lot of work. Susan: It can be, but it also gives me a lot of freedom. I can take a break whenever I want, so it s quite relaxing. Mark: Well, I envy you... (laugh) And what about this exhibition? Susan: I m very excited about it. My artwork will be on display at the cultural centre for two weeks, starting this Saturday. Mark: And how much does it cost to see the exhibition? Susan: At first, the organizers suggested an admission price of $20, or at least $15, but then they found a sponsor, so it s free of charge. However, visitors are welcome to leave donations at the door. Mark: And this money will go to you, I expect? Susan: The money will go to the charity World Youth Arts. They provide art supplies to schools in poor areas all over the world. Mark: That s very generous of you. Susan: Well, if it hadn t been for the great art classes in my school when I was growing up, I would never have become an artist. Mark: So, how do you earn money? Susan: I try to sell paintings at my exhibitions, but most of my income is from giving private art lessons to students. Mark: You must be a good teacher then! Susan: I m very busy, but none of my students have complained so far! Mark: Thank you for talking to me. Next week we are looking forward to how 1

2 CD Track 12 Bridge p. 5 Part Two repeated CD Track 13 Bridge p. 6 PART THREE Questions Listen to a guide speaking about the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco. For questions fill in the missing information. Do not write more than three words for your answers. There is an example done for you. CD Track 14 Bridge p. 6 Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to the city by the bay. San Francisco, which is the Spanish name for Saint Francis, was founded on June 29 th, 1776, by Spanish colonists. It is well known for its diverse population, great music and food, and for the Golden Gate Bridge. This beautiful bridge crosses a channel between San Francisco Bay and the Pacific Ocean, which is one mile wide and three miles long. Many experts said that a bridge couldn t be built across such a wide channel. There were strong winds, blinding fog, and very deep water at the centre of the channel. But, despite their worries, construction began on January 5 th, The bridge was completed ahead of schedule in It didn t even cost as much as they had planned. And since its completion, it has only been closed three times because of bad weather. The bridge is special because of its construction. It is known as a suspension bridge. The roadway is hung from two large cables, which pass through two towers. The cables allow the roadway to move a little without being damaged. This helps it tolerate strong winds. The official colour of the bridge is orange, not red or gold. This colour was chosen because it looks nice within the natural setting of the bay and it is easy to see in the heavy fogs for which San Francisco is famous. Nowadays there is a team of 38 painters who re-apply the paint whenever it is needed. The bridge is popular with runners, and the course of the San Francisco half marathon always goes over it. At night it is illuminated by hundreds of lights, which highlight its cables and two towers, making it a beautiful sight. The bridge is also one of the most internationally recognized symbols of San Francisco. Until 1964, the Golden Gate Bridge was the longest suspension bridge in the world. Since then, at least ten other longer suspension bridges have been built. The Golden Gate Bridge now holds the second position in the United States, after the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge, spelled V-E-R-R- A-Z-A-N-O-Narrows, in New York City. Now, if everyone is ready, we will go to the best spot in the city to see the bridge. So put your jackets on and get your cameras ready! CD Track 15 Bridge p. 6 Part Three repeated CD Track 16 Bridge p. 7 PART FOUR Questions You will hear people talking in four different situations. For questions 20 23, choose the correct answer: A, B, C or D. Question 20: Which extra course is Ashley going to choose? Peter: Hi Ashley. Nice to see you here. Did you come to register for some extra courses today, too? Ashley: Hello Peter. Yes, exactly. I need to sign up for some extra classes. I see that stall over there is offering courses on contemporary literature. Peter: Yes, and I ve just signed up for a drama course. Would you like to join? We do a lot of fun stuff and perform one play each term. And we discuss literature there, too. I think you would enjoy it. Ashley: That sounds fun for some people, but first, I m more interested in science and logic and second, I was a member of the drama club at my secondary school and I didn t like it much. Peter: Well that s no problem. Science courses are over there at the end of the corridor. I think I saw one on astronomy and another about the history of maths. Sounds like science-fiction to me. Ashley: You were never very good at science, were you? Anyway, I think I might be interested in learning about the way ancient nations started using numbers in everyday life. There must have been some logic to it from the very start. Where exactly did you say the science department have their stalls? CD Track 17 Bridge p. 7 Question 20 repeated CD Track 18 Bridge p. 7 Question 21: Why did the woman visit Osaka? Last weekend I went to visit Osaka. Hundreds of people head there on sunny spring weekends to see the cherry tree lane. The lane was very crowded when I got there, making it difficult to walk at times. However, the chance to see such a huge number of blossoming cherry trees made fighting the crowds worth my while. There were also large flowers in the nearby gardens those were very beautiful, too. But the reason for my trip was to see Osaka Castle, an amazing 16 th -century building. The castle was quite crowded with visitors, too, but it didn t disappoint me. On my way back to my hotel, I saw some people writing haikus, the famous short Japanese poems, and hanging them on a tree branch. I thought it was a lovely tradition. I should try writing a haiku one day. Then I will have a good reason to visit Osaka again! CD Track 19 Bridge p. 7 Question 21 repeated CD Track 20 Bridge p. 7 Question 22: What does Amanda think about golf now? Bill: Hi Amanda. How was the golf tournament yesterday? Amanda: Hi Bill! You ll never believe what I did. Bill: Oh, let me guess: you got angry because you re such a bad golfer. Amanda: Well, golf used to really annoy me, that s true. But everything has changed now. Bill: Really? What happened at the tournament? Amanda: I started out badly as usual. I was so nervous that my hands were shaking. But somehow, by halfway through the tournament, I was in second place, right after Pamela Weller! Bill: You? In second place? Amanda: Yes! But I knew I could never win because Pamela is so good. So I just decided to act like it was a silly game which I always thought it was, anyway. I relaxed and my playing got better and better. And then Pamela started to get nervous! Bill: Don t tell me you won?! Amanda: Yes! Now I would be happy to play golf every weekend. So, Bill, what are you doing next Saturday? Want to meet me at the course for a game? Bill: OK, but only if you promise to let me win! CD Track 21 Bridge p. 7 Question 22 repeated CD Track 22 Bridge p. 7 Question 23: Where will the man eat dinner today? Man: Excuse me. Could you recommend a good restaurant for dinner tonight? Woman: Certainly. Maria s Garden is open until sunset. Oh, but this is Monday, and they re closed. You should try their breakfast tomorrow morning, though. Man: Thanks, I ll remember that. But for tonight? Woman: The Sombrero is a small, familyowned place. It s only open on Mondays and Thursdays. Man: Oh, so I m lucky to be here today! Woman: Yes you are. Or there are some small, two-table restaurants open in front of people s homes. Diego s Tacos is one of the best. Man: That sounds interesting. Woman: And there is also a brand new restaurant, The Cactus. They have just opened and they offer special discounts. It s quite a big place. Man: No, thanks, I prefer small places. Woman: So, Diego s Tacos sounds like what you re looking for. Man: You re right. I ll go there. Woman: And don t forget about Maria s Garden for tomorrow. Man: I won t! Thank you so much for all your recommendations! CD Track 23 Bridge p. 7 Question 23 repeated Cambridge English: First (FCE) CD Track 24 Bridge p. 41 This is the Cambridge First Certificate in English Listening Test. I am going to give you the instructions for this test. I will introduce each part of the test and give you time to look at the questions. Now open your question paper and look at Part One. 2

3 PART ONE You will hear people talking in eight different situations. For questions 1 8, choose the best answer (A, B or C). Question 1 You overhear a woman speaking about her work. When I went to university, I had all kinds of plans to study biology and zoology. My plan was to work in a zoo, to be in close contact with animals, especially the big cats lions in particular. But, of course, even the best plans change. I came across some texts about philosophy, and that got me interested in the ideas of the great thinkers of the world about how the mind works. On the other hand, these days you don t find Job Openings: Philosopher Wanted in the newspaper ads! So eventually I found myself here, in the first-grade classroom of our local school. I guess you could say I combine the best of both worlds I work with the minds of young animals! Question 2 You hear a lecture about the invention of an object. Today, along with electric pencil sharpeners and markers that write on plastic, we take this little roll of clear plastic tape for granted. It s known as adhesive tape, cellophane tape, or Scotch tape, and it s used world-wide. It was invented by Richard G Drew in An engineer for the 3M Company, he first invented the wrinkled tan tape we know as masking tape, used by painters to paint straight edges. Seven years later, he invented this clear tape we still use today to hold pieces of paper together, mend torn paper, close envelopes, and put up notices. In 1932, John Borden created the first tape dispenser with a built-in cutting edge to make it easier to use Mr Drew s invention. Question 3 You hear two people talking about holiday plans. Woman: George! How was your holiday? Man: Well, it turned out to be quite a shocker! Woman: What happened? Man: I had planned to take the family to our cottage for two weeks you know, swimming in the river, looking for mushrooms. But with all the rain we had, we almost decided not to go. But then, just as we were finally packing up the car to leave, my son Billy fell and broke his arm. Woman: Oh, no! I guess that was a shock. Man: No, it was only a surprise. We still planned to go to the cottage, despite the rain. The real shocker came that evening. My wife discovered she d won the lottery! So we decided to stay home this summer and go on a luxury monthlong cruise next year instead! Question 4 You hear part of a radio programme on history. Levi Strauss trained as a tailor in Buttenheim, Bavaria before immigrating to America. Strauss became an entrepreneur and operated a successful shop selling tents and other fabric goods to people who came to California looking for gold starting in However, the work pants that Strauss sold weren t strong enough for the hard work of the gold-seekers. He and Jacob Davis, another tailor from Nevada, put their heads together and designed a new type of trousers. They changed the light material to heavy blue denim and added copper rivets to the parts that took stress. They created the very first pair of blue jeans. It s fair to say that Strauss and Jacobs were early American fashion designers as well! Question 5 Your friend tells you about a job interview she had. My first job interview was quite a comedy! My alarm clock didn t go off, so I had to really rush to get dressed. Then the bus was late. And unfortunately, on top of that, I couldn t find the interviewer s office. The lady who interviewed me was very nice, but she kept looking at my blouse with a worried look on her face. She would frown and her mouth turned down. Finally the interview was over. I quickly left the office, got to the bus stop, and looked down. I burst out laughing. My blouse was turned inside out! For the entirety of the interview, the lady had been looking at the wrong side of my blouse! Well, guess what I didn t get the job! Question 6 You overhear two people talking about what to eat for dinner. Man: Look at this menu there s so much beef on offer! Woman: Yes, you re right. It reminds me of this great sirloin steak with mushrooms and baked potatoes in the jacket, which they serve at Chez Marcel. That sounds so good right now! Man: Hmm, maybe. But I ve had too much beef lately, especially McDonald s hamburgers. They taste great, but too much red meat isn t healthy. I see they have a chicken sandwich with french fries. I wonder, do they have any fish? Woman: Over there, in the third column. The only fish they have is on white bread and loaded with tartar sauce. You know what? I have a better idea. Man: Going to my place so that I can prepare some fresh salmon with dill? And I ll whip up a fast cheesecake dessert? Woman: Exactly! Question 7 You hear part of a lecture on the radio. Famous inventor Thomas Edison was able to attract many brilliant workers from all over the United States and Europe. Many of them were just out of college or technical school and eager to get work for even at beginners wages. They worked six days a week, for 55 hours, sometimes late into the night. But the work could be difficult in another way. Edison was a sarcastic man, who often cruelly laughed at his workers, some of whom feared him. But Edison knew the chance to work for one of the most brilliant minds in America was more important to them than money. Today, historians say that Edison s research and development laboratory was an even greater invention than the light bulb. Question 8 You hear parents talking about their daughter s plans. Man: So what about Sandra s plans for the summer? Woman: Looking at her marks this year, I think she d better plan on a summer of extra lessons, right here at home, especially in maths. Man: I would agree. Except she s got her heart set on that language study course in North America. Has she settled yet on whether that s going to be the one in New York, or Montreal? Woman: She s narrowed it down to the frozen north, Canada. It seems so far away. Man: And expensive. Woman: And expensive. It s a pity she can t get the same experience closer to home. Maybe she d agree to a maths summer camp in Athens. Man: Ahh, Athens CD Track 25 Bridge p. 42 PART TWO You will hear a radio programme about a new art exhibit in a Danish contemporary art museum. For questions 9 18, complete the sentences with a word or short phrase. Modern artist Olafur Eliasson has taken over the entire south wing of a Danish art museum specialized in contemporary art with a very unusual exhibition. The Danish-Icelandic artist has dumped rock, soil, stones, and water in the gallery rooms. The material came from a riverbed, which is exactly what he has titled this exhibition. From now until next April, several rooms in the contemporary art museum will remain filled with the natural materials from Iceland. But it s not just a few rocks or stones spread here or scattered there; this is a massive exhibition exerting two tons of pressure on the floors of the gallery. Trying to find the route to walk from room to room can be challenging because the rocks and soil in every room are all a rather uniform shade of gray. In fact, the only differentiating contrast in colour comes from the white walls and ceilings. Visitors may expect to see the usual signposts showing the way to go, but they will be disappointed. It appears that someone has just suddenly dumped piles of rocks and soil in each room, without bothering to smooth the little hills out or to make a flat path to walk on for an easy stroll through the gallery. In some places, the piles of rocks are heaped so high that they nearly close off doorways. Thus, there is no wheelchair access for this particular exhibition. To tour the current show, visitors don t just look. They must scramble uphill, duck under doorways, and figure out how to navigate across a small brook of clear water. They can decide to ignore large rocks, or sit on them; they can pick up and feel small stones; or they can play with the soil and water as if they re at an outdoor river. Absent are the traditional signs and guards banning visitors from getting their hands dirty on this exhibition. You might expect the art museum s curators to be angry about how their space is being used, or concerned about damage from rocks, mud, and dirt. But they are intrigued by what the strange exhibit says about the line between the museum and nature. They recognize their museum as a physical place, a work of architecture with a permanent structure. That contrasts sharply with the appearance and idea of the rocks, stones, and water inside it. And what do visitors think? Is it too strange or weird? One visitor to the showing described it this way: It s like a moment in a dream, when you enter a room. Something s not right, but still, it s familiar. Another visitor said, When you walk on these stones, it s not like walking on rocks, but on the soul of a piece of a planet you don t know. Every visitor to the exhibition finds something interesting and different about it. Many children think it s fun to have an outdoor landscape inside the rooms, and are delighted to get wet and dirty in an unusual place. On the contrary, many adults find it refreshing or peaceful to wander slowly among the stones, dirt, and pebbles. But some visitors are shocked at the idea that an art exhibit and an art museum can be filled with rocks, soil, and water and still be regarded as art. However, the art museum s curators have an in-depth knowledge of the artists, their works and concepts behind the exhibitions, and they all have extensive experience in making art interesting and relevant. As one artist explains, So many painters bring landscape into a museum, with paint and canvas and wood. But this is also a way to bring 3

4 landscape into a museum. Only this is much more real. Yet at the same time, it is an illusion an illusion that feels completely real. The art museum is located in the town of Humlebaek in Denmark. Admission is 15 euros for adults, and free to museum members and children up to the age of 18. CD Track 26 Bridge p. 42 PART THREE You will hear five short extracts in which people talk about the advantages and disadvantages of living alone. For questions 19 23, choose from the list (A F) what each person says about their experience of living alone. Use the letters only once. There is one extra letter that you do not need to use. Speaker One I like the peace of living alone. I don t have to listen to flatmates coming and going at all hours, banging doors, playing awful music, or cooking something smelly. When I want to sleep, or even when I just want to relax by staring out the window and thinking, I m very glad there s no one else there. Speaker Two I thought living alone would be great, but now I m not so sure. It s great to do whatever I want, when I want to do it, but on the other hand I miss some companionship. When I come home with a raise or even just success with a presentation, I m always a little disappointed that there s no one else there to share it with. Speaker Three I m an artist, so having my own place that looks like my place is very important to me. Some people use music to show their personality, but for me, it s all about how something looks. Now that I m living independently, I can paint my bathroom walls green, my living room red, and my kitchen blue, and who can complain about it? Speaker Four Yes, I really like living alone. It s great to make all my own decisions without other people always offering an opinion. Nevertheless, there s one thing I miss about the house I grew up in, and that s my mom s ability to run a smooth kitchen and clean bathroom. It s amazing how fast the dirty dishes pile up in the sink, and the bathroom, well, I will leave that disaster to your imagination. Speaker Five I m really a little disappointed about one thing I ve learned about living alone. When no one else is there to stop you, it s very easy to get up from the couch and open the refrigerator door, looking for something to chew. At home, we had three meals a day, and that was it. Now, whenever I feel bored, nervous, or lonely, I look for something to eat. I m not very happy with the new me. CD Track 27 Bridge p. 43 PART FOUR You will hear part of a radio interview with a scientist called Dr Tasinger, who is talking about his field of study. For questions 24 30, choose the best answer (A, B or C). Woman: Hello and welcome to our program. Today we have a very interesting guest, Dr Carl Tasinger from Eastern State University. He s here to tell us about his work in biology. Welcome, Dr Tasinger. Man: Thanks, Melissa. Although before we begin I should point out that I m not a biologist. Woman: Oh. You re not?! Oh, sorry, perhaps you work in the field of ethics, or the laws and rules of society? Man: No, sorry, that s not quite it either. I m actually an ethnobotanist. That s ethno plus botanist. Of course, you probably know that a botanist deals with the science of plants. And ethno deals with various cultures of the world. Therefore, ethnobotanist. Woman: Uh-huh. I understand that. But I still don t get exactly what it is that you do. Can you explain it a little more? Man: Gladly. Ethnobotany is the scientific study of the relationship between people and plants. As an ethnobotanist, I study how plants are grown, used, and thought of in various cultures. For example, how they are used to heal. You may be familiar with some of the subjects in my research, like homeopathy, ayurvedic medicine, the use of herbs as medicine, and so on. Woman: And that s where the botany part comes in? Man: Yes. We study which plants a particular society uses how they grow them, what they use them for, whether in medicine or for textiles, for instance. Woman: Very well. I can see that that s where a botanist, an agronomist, or a commodity trader would get involved. But am I wrong, or is there more to it than that? Man: Yes, there is. The primary question we explore is How do the people of a specific ethnic group or society feel about the plants that they come into contact with, especially those that they grow? Woman: More than Do they eat potatoes with their meals, I guess. Man: Correct. Not only, Do they eat them? but also, which plants do they believe have magical powers to make a spiritual connection in religious rites? Which ones do they fear or shun because they believe they are poison? Woman: Uh-huh. And as medicine? Man: Sure. Other questions are, Do they use some for healing? and if so, Are they in forms similar to our pharmaceuticals? Or do they think some have magical properties? And then, what is their particular standard of beauty which plants do they believe make them more beautiful, and why? And so on. That s the ethno part. Woman: Do you also study plants for their more practical uses? Man: Yes, we do. Economics becomes part of our work when a society uses some kind of plant as a cash crop, for agriculture or trade. Woman: So I imagine from that aspect, ethnobiology is a very popular field of study. Man: Well, it is becoming so. Years ago, our work was rather obscure and unknown. We were not very successful because botanists didn t care about anthropology, and anthropologists didn t know about plants. Woman: Aha, the problem of communication. Man: More one of over-specialization. But today, ethnobotanists must know about many different topics and cooperate with many other experts. Even a law background is helpful, because we sometimes look at questions of property rights, copyright law, and so on. Woman: Where do you ethnobotanists work? Mainly in underdeveloped countries, I suppose, where there are still jungles. Man: On the contrary, we can work anywhere in the world where agricultural products interface with people. Woman: In other words, everywhere. Man: From China to Peru. It s true that I ve previously studied the aboriginal people of South America, Arizona, and Australia. But I m also interested in comparing folk medicine and the so-called old wives tales of Lithuania, Silesia, and Bosnia. Woman: Well, why is your field of study so unknown to us regular people? You don t usually hear of people studying this at university. Man: It s true that we re not very well-known. But ethnobotany has a very long history, going back even to the year AD 77. That s when a Greek surgeon named Dyos Korideez published a study of 600 plants from the Mediterranean. Woman: You mean he wrote a kind of early plant dictionary? Man: He described how each plant grew, whether it was poisonous, how it was used in healing, and even whether it was good to eat. He included illustrations with each plant. Woman: Is the information still relevant today? Man: It is, and it set a standard for working beyond our own borders. For hundreds of years, people referred to his study as a source, but it wasn t until the Middle Ages that people began to explore the idea of going far afield to find new plants. After that, explorers who survived long ocean journeys, farther away, didn t bring back new toys or fashions as much as the strange new plants that they found. They brought them back for study, but this ultimately led them to the establishment of early botanical gardens. Woman: Well, doctor, how do you become an ethnobotanist? What kind of degree do you need? Man: You can approach the field with a degree from several different fields. Woman: I see. That sounds flexible. Man: Well it s because you need three basic skills: First of all, of course, a knowledge of botany. Woman: And I assume a degree in anthropology? Man: At least a familiarity with cultural sciences, such as anthropology. But the real key is the ability to learn and speak new languages. That s critical so that you can quickly understand and accurately learn and document the local names for plants and objects. Woman: Well, I m sorry to say we re out of time, but this has been most interesting. Thank you for coming to talk to us today. Man: Thank you. Literature CD Track 28 Bridge pp To Kill a Mockingbird, Part 1 Narrator: It s a warm September day in a small town in Alabama. Scout finds her brother, Jem, sitting in his room. Scout: Hey, Jem. Where did you get all that stuff? Jem: I found it hidden in a tree at the Radley house. There s something new almost every day! Now come on. We have to go to school. Narrator: Jem and Scout started walking down the street towards school, getting closer and closer to the old, dark house on the corner. Scout: Hey, Jem. I dare you to go and touch the Radley house. Jem: No way! Boo Radley s inside and he s crazy. I heard that he ain t come outside for 15 years. Come on, Scout. Let s go. Narrator: Jem and Scout continued to school. At lunchtime, when all the children went outside to play, Jem saw Scout fighting with Cecil Jacobs, a boy in her class. Cecil Jacobs: Your daddy is a nigger-lover! Scout: He is not! You take that back or I ll make you sorry you ever said it. Jem: Scout! Stop! Dad told us not to fight, no matter what people said. Narrator: After school, Scout thinks she will be punished for fighting, but her father just wants to talk. 4

5 Scout: Daddy, someone at school called you a nigger-lover. What s that? Atticus Finch: It doesn t mean anything. It s a word that ignorant people use to talk about others who help black people. Scout: But you ain t one, are you? Atticus Finch: Yes, Scout, I am. I try to love everybody. And don t you worry about people calling you names. It just shows what kind of person they are. Now, it s time for bed. I ve got an early day at work tomorrow. Narrator: Atticus Finch is defending Tom Robinson, a black man accused of attacking Mayella Ewell, a white woman. Most white people in the town think Tom is guilty and want him to go to prison. The black community believes Tom is a good man and that he didn t do it. The first witness is the town sheriff, Heck Tate. Atticus Finch: Sheriff Tate, can you tell us what you saw when you arrived at the Ewell s house? Sheriff Heck Tate: Poor Mayella was crying. She had a black eye and marks around her neck. Bob I mean Mr Ewell told me that he came home and saw Tom Robinson attacking her. Atticus Finch: And do you remember which of her eyes was black? Sheriff Heck Tate: Well, sure. It was her right eye. Narrator: The next witness is Bob Ewell, Mayella s father. Atticus Finch: Mr Ewell, do you know how to read and write? Bob Ewell: Of course I do. I m not stupid. Give me that. Narrator: Bob Ewell took the pad and paper from Atticus Finch and started to write. Atticus Finch: Interesting. I see that you re left handed. Bob Ewell: Yeah? So what? Don t try any of your lawyer tricks on me, Finch. Jem: Yes, he s got him! Narrator: Then Mayella Ewell takes the stand. Atticus Finch: I m so sorry for what happened to you, Miss Ewell. Can you please tell us what happened? Mayella Ewell: Well, I saw Tom walking by on his way home. I asked him to come in and help me with something. Atticus Finch: And was this the first time you invited Mr Robinson in? Mayella Ewell: Um, well, I don t Narrator: Mayella looked up and saw her father, Bob Ewell watching her. Mayella Ewell: I mean, yes! It was the first time, and then he attacked me. He hit me and tried to strangle me. It was horrible and I don t want to talk about it anymore! Narrator: Finally, Atticus turned to Tom Robinson. He picks up a glass off the judge s bench. Atticus Finch: Now, Tom, I want you to catch this glass, but I want you to use your left hand. Tom Robinson: I m sorry, sir. I can t do that. I hurt my left arm working on the farm when I was young. I ain t been able to move it ever since. Atticus Finch: That s all right, Tom. Now please, come and take a seat. I want to ask you a few questions. Narrator: To be continued CD Track 29 Bridge pp To Kill a Mockingbird, Part 2 Narrator: Tom sat down at the front of the courtroom and Atticus Finch began to question him. Atticus Finch: Now Tom, I want to ask you about the story Miss Mayella and Mr Ewell told us. First, did Miss Mayella ask you to help her with anything? Tom Robinson: Y-yes, sir. She did. But that wasn t the first time. I walk past her house most days on my way home from work. She asked me for help with something almost every day. Atticus Finch: And do you usually help her? Tom Robinson: Yes sir, I do. She seemed so sad and lonely, I would feel bad saying no. Atticus Finch: Now, let s talk about the day that Miss Mayella and Mr Ewell talked about. Was there anything different about that day? Tom Robinson: Well, all the other times she asked me to help her with something outside, in the yard. But on that day she asked me to help her with something inside the house. I ain t never been inside the house before that day. Atticus Finch: And what happened when you went inside? Narrator: Tom didn t answer. He looked down at his hands. Atticus Finch: Now Tom, don t be nervous. Just tell the truth. What happened that day? Tom Robinson: Um, well, first, she told me that none of her brothers or sisters were home. She said that she d saved her money for a year and sent them all into town to buy ice cream. And then then she kissed me. Narrator: Everyone in the room started talking at the same time. The judge told them all to be quiet so Mr Finch could continue. Atticus Finch: Did I hear you correctly, Tom? Did you say she kissed you? Tom Robinson: Yes sir. I tried to get away, but I didn t want to hurt her. She only stopped when her daddy started shouting through the window. Atticus Finch: And what did he say? Tom Robinson: He said, "I m gonna kill you, girl!" Narrator: Everyone started talking again. This time, it took the judge five minutes to make everyone in the room be quiet. After Mr Finch and the other lawyer made their final arguments, he looked up and saw Jem and Scout in the balcony. He waved at them to come down. Atticus Finch: What are you children doing here? I told you to stay at home. Jem: I m sorry, Daddy, but you really got Mr Ewell. No jury can say that Tom is guilty now. He can t hit with his left hand and he can t put two arms around her neck. Atticus Finch: I hope you re right, son. Now, both of you go home. Narrator: Jem and Scout walked out of the courtroom. They didn t see Mr Ewell walk up to Atticus. Bob Ewell: If you think I m going to forget you making me look stupid in front of all these people, then you re wrong. Narrator: Mr Ewell walked away before Atticus could say anything. Atticus came home with bad news. Even after everything he did, the jury of twelve white men decided that Tom Robinson was guilty and sent him to prison. Atticus was disappointed, but Jem was more upset than anyone. Many weeks passed before Scout saw him smile again. Then one evening, after staying late for a program at school, Jem and Scout decided to walk home through the woods. Jem: Scout, did you hear something? Scout: It s probably just the trees. Don t worry, Jem. Narrator: They walked a little farther when Jem heard it again. Jem: Scout, I think someone is following us. Narrator: Then Scout felt someone push her from behind. She hit her head on a tree and fell down. Jem: Scout! Run! Narrator: Scout heard people fighting, but she closed her eyes and was too scared to move. After the noises stopped, she opened her eyes and looked for Jem, but she couldn t find him. She stood up and started walking home. When she arrived, she found Atticus standing over Jem s bed with the doctor. Scout: Dad! Is he OK? Atticus Finch: Scout! Thank god you re home! Narrator: Atticus pulled her into his arms. Atticus Finch: Jem is going to be OK. He has a broken arm and he hit his head. Scout: What happened? Atticus Finch: Mr Ewell followed you into the woods. He tried to attack you and Jem, but you were lucky there was someone else in the woods. Scout, there s someone I want you to meet. Narrator: Scout looked behind her and saw a tall man standing quietly in the corner of the room. Scout: It s you! You were watching us. It was you who left all of those presents in the tree, wasn t it? Narrator: The man smiled nervously. Scout: Thank you, Boo Radley. Thank you for saving our lives. Atticus, he s not scary, he s nice. Atticus Finch: That s right, Scout. Most people are if you get to know them. Narrator: The end. SOLUTIONS MATURITA SAMPLE TEST Didaktický test Listening Part 1: 1B, 2B, 3A, 4C Part 2: 5T, 6T, 7F, 8F, 9T, 10F, 11T, 12T Part 3: 13 three/3 miles, , 15 bad weather, 16 move, 17 orange, 18 runners, 19 Verrazano Part 4: 20D, 21C, 22D, 23C Reading Part 5: 24B, 25B, 26B, 27B, 28C Part 6: 29F, 30T, 31F, 32F, 33T, 34T, 35F, 36T, 37F, 38T Part 7: 39A, 40D, 41B, 42B, 43C Part 8: 44C, 45G, 46D, 47E, 48B; not used: A, F Part 9: 49B, 50A, 51B, 52C, 53B, 54C, 55B, 56A, 57B, 58C, 59A, 60C, 61A, 62B, 63C CAMBRIDGE ENGLISH: FIRST (FCE) Reading and Use of English Part 1: 1A, 2B, 3D, 4D, 5C, 6C, 7B, 8A Part 2: 9 have, 10 make, 11 to, 12 The, 13 and, 14 had, 15 in, 16 they Further Practice and Guidance: Question 17 H, Question 18 G, Question 19 D, Question 20 I, Question 21 E, Question 22 D, Question 23 A, Question 24 G; prefix: in, suffixes/endings: -ful, -ment, -ly, -ing, -ies, -ive, -ison, -th Part 3: 17 elderly, 18 painful, 19 comparison, 20 youth, 21 inactive, 22 pavement, 23 injuries, 24 worrying Part 4: 25 visit to London ][ was great, 26 there are ][ six of us, 27 came up with ][ the idea, 28 time ][ she s/she has ever had, 29 although he knew ][ what, 30 don t mind ][ changing Part 5: 31B, 32C, 33D, 34A, 35A, 36B Part 6: 37B, 38E, 39G, 40A, 41D, 42F Part 7: 43C, 44A, 45B, 46D, 47A, 48B, 49A, 50C, 51D, 52B Further Practice and Guidance: Question 43 A, Question 44 A and B, Question 45 A, B and C Listening Part 1: 1C, 2A, 3C, 4A, 5C, 6A, 7B, 8B Part 2: 9 Riverbed, 10 two tonnes (BrE) / tons (AmE), 11 signposts / directions, 12 wheelchairs, 13 small brook, 14 nature, 15 dream, 16 wander / walk (slowly), 17 art, 18 illusion Part 3: 19B, 20F, 21E, 22A, 23C Part 4: 24B, 25B, 26C, 27C, 28C, 29A, 30B 5