Act Two scene 1 A lane by the wall of Capulet s orchard.

Transcription

1 Practice and Apply read with a purpose Help students set a purpose for reading. Tell them to look for evidence to help them predict whether Romeo and Juliet s relationship has a solid foundation. Get Into the Act summary A Prologue summarizes Act One; then Act Two begins. After the party, Romeo comes to Capulet s garden. He sees Juliet at her balcony, and the two declare their love. Juliet promises to marry Romeo if he can arrange the ceremony. Romeo enlists the help of Friar Laurence, who sees in the marriage a way to end the Montague-Capulet feud. Later, Romeo reveals his plan to Juliet s nurse. The lovers meet and marry at Friar Laurence s cell. READING STRATEGY Model the Skill: summary Resources for Act Two RL 2, RL 3 Have several students share in reading the Prologue aloud. Then summarize the main action of Act Two like this: Romeo has found a new love in Juliet. There are challenges to their love, but their passion drives them to find a way to be together. Then ask students to summarize the main action of Act One and remind them to add this to their Reading Strategy charts. Possible answer: Romeo and Juliet, children of Verona s leading, but feuding, families, meet and fall in love without knowing who the other is Prologue In a sonnet the Chorus summarizes what has happened so far in the play. He reviews how Romeo and Juliet have fallen in love and suggests both the problems and the delights they now face. He also includes hints about what will result from the events of Act One. [Enter Chorus.] Chorus. Now old desire doth in his deathbed lie, And young affection gapes to be his heir. That fair for which love groaned for and would die, With tender Juliet matched, is now not fair. Now Romeo is beloved, and loves again, Alike bewitched by the charm of looks; But to his foe supposed he must complain, And she steal love s sweet bait from fearful hooks. Being held a foe, he may not have access To breathe such vows as lovers use to swear, And she as much in love, her means much less To meet her new beloved anywhere; But passion lends them power, time means, to meet, Temp ring extremities with extreme sweet. [Exit.] Act Two scene 1 A lane by the wall of Capulet s orchard. Later in the evening of the party, Romeo returns alone to the Capulet home, hoping for another glimpse of Juliet. He climbs the wall and hides outside, in the orchard. Meanwhile, Benvolio and Mercutio come looking for him, but he remains hidden behind the wall. Mercutio makes fun of Romeo and his lovesick condition. Keep in mind that Mercutio and Benvolio think Romeo is still in love with Rosaline, since they know nothing about his meeting with Juliet. [Enter Romeo alone.] Romeo. Can I go forward when my heart is here? Turn back, dull earth, and find thy center out. [climbs the wall and leaps down within it] [Enter Benvolio with Mercutio.] Benvolio. Romeo! my cousin Romeo! Romeo! 1064 unit 10: shakespearean drama 1 4 Now... fair: Romeo s love for Rosaline (old desire) is now dead. His new love (young affection) replaces the old. Compared to Juliet, Rosaline no longer seems so beautiful. 6 What attracted Romeo and Juliet to each other? 7 but... complain: Juliet, a Capulet, is Romeo s supposed enemy, yet she is the one to whom he must plead (complain) his love. 14 temp ring... sweet: moderating great difficulties with extreme delights. 1 2 Can... out: How can I leave when Juliet is still here? My body (dull earth) has to find its heart (center). Balcony scene from the Globe Theatre s 2004 production See resources on the Teacher One Stop DVD-ROM and on thinkcentral.com. Video Trailer RESOURCE MANAGER UNIT 10 Plan and Teach, pp Summary pp * Text Analysis and Reading Skill, pp * DIAGNOSTIC AND SELECTION TESTS Selection Tests, pp BEST PRACTICES TOOLKIT Making Inferences, p. A13 Character Analysis Chart, p. D5 Sequence Chain, p. B21 INTERACTIVE READER ADAPTED INTERACTIVE READER ELL ADAPTED INTERACTIVE READER TECHNOLOGY Teacher One Stop DVD-ROM Student One Stop DVD-ROM PowerNotes DVD-ROM Audio Anthology CD Audio Tutor CD ExamView Test Generator on the Teacher One Stop Go to thinkcentral.com to preview the Video Trailer introducing this selection. Other features that support the selection include PowerNotes presentation ThinkAloud models to enhance comprehension * Resources for Differentiation Also in Spanish In Haitian Creole and Vietnamese

2 Analyze Visuals Activity What can you infer from this photograph about the characters and setting of Romeo and Juliet? Possible answer: The reader can identify the Elizabethan setting from the style of the costumes and the richness of the set. The actors poses suggest their love for one another. Scene Synopsis tiered discussion prompts Use these prompts to help students understand why Romeo disappears without telling his friends: Connect Have you ever felt like avoiding your friends? How does that feeling help you understand Romeo as this scene opens? Students should identify with Romeo s desire for privacy. Analyze Consider Romeo s plans as Act Two opens. Why do you think Romeo does not want to talk to Mercutio and Benvolio at this time? Possible answer: He probably doesn t want to face their questions, their teasing, and perhaps their attempts to keep him from seeing Juliet again. Evaluate In your opinion, is hiding from his friends a wise thing for Romeo to do? Defend your answer. Possible answers: Yes. Romeo s friends probably would keep him away from Juliet. No. Romeo is acting upon a moment s passion, and his friends probably could help him look at the situation more realistically. differentiated instruction for english language learners Task Support Point out the marginal question for line 6 of the Prologue. Make sure students understand that in the first part of the sonnet, the Chorus is referring to Romeo s previous love: Rosaline. Possible answer: Romeo and Juliet were attracted by each other s physical appearance ( the charm of looks ). In combination with the Audio Anthology CD, use one or more Targeted Passages (pp. 1067, 1071, 1082, 1086) to ensure that students focus on key story events, concepts, and skills. Targeted Passages are also good for English learners. Preview Have students use a chart like this to organize the Scene 1 synopsis: Romeo Benvolio & Mercutio Want(s)... Will... to see Juliet again to find Romeo hide in Capulet s orchard look for him near Capulet s home romeo and juliet: act two, scene

3 a grammar and style Parallelism Explain that writers use parallelism not only to create rhythm, but also to connect related ideas or details. Elicit that Speak, Cry, pronounce, and Speak are the imperative-mood verbs in lines 9 11 and that each refers to a form of verbal communication. Then have students identify two other examples of parallelism in this speech by Mercutio and discuss the way in which each uses the rhythm it creates. Possible answer: Two other examples of parallelism are line 15 and lines The rhythm of the first example emphasizes the verbs ( heareth, stirreth, moveth ). The rhythm of the second example emphasizes Rosaline s physical features ( bright eyes, high forehead, scarlet lip, fine foot, straight leg, quivering thigh ). L 1a-b Mercutio. He is wise, And, on my life, hath stol n him home to bed. 5 Benvolio. He ran this way, and leapt this orchard wall. Call, good Mercutio. Mercutio. Nay, I ll conjure too. Romeo! humors! madman! passion! lover! Appear thou in the likeness of a sigh; Speak but one rhyme, and I am satisfied! 10 Cry but Ay me! pronounce but love and dove ; Speak to my gossip Venus one fair word, a One nickname for her purblind son and heir, Young Adam Cupid, he that shot so trim When King Cophetua loved the beggar maid! 15 He heareth not, he stirreth not, he moveth not; The ape is dead, and I must conjure him. I conjure thee by Rosaline s bright eyes, By her high forehead and her scarlet lip, By her fine foot, straight leg, and quivering thigh, 20 And the demesnes that there adjacent lie, That in thy likeness thou appear to us! Benvolio. An if he hear thee, thou wilt anger him. Mercutio. This cannot anger him. Twould anger him To raise a spirit in his mistress circle 25 Of some strange nature, letting it there stand Till she had laid it and conjured it down. That were some spite; my invocation Is fair and honest and in his mistress name I conjure only but to raise up him. 30 Benvolio. Come, he hath hid himself among these trees To be consorted with the humorous night. Blind is his love, and best befits the dark. Mercutio. If love be blind, love cannot hit the mark. Now will he sit under a medlar tree 35 And wish his mistress were that kind of fruit As maids call medlars when they laugh alone. Oh, Romeo, that she were, O, that she were An open et cetera, thou a pop rin pear! Romeo, good night. I ll to my truckle bed; 40 This field-bed is too cold for me to sleep. Come, shall we go? Benvolio. Go then, for tis in vain To seek him here that means not to be found. [Exeunt.] a 6 conjure: use magic to call him Appear... us: Mercutio jokes about Romeo s lovesickness. He tries to make Romeo appear by suggestively naming parts of Rosaline s body. GRAMMAR AND STYLE In lines 8 11, Shakespeare creates rhythm through parallelism, or the use of similar grammatical structures to express related ideas. Notice how each of these lines begins with a verb in the imperative mood. 20 demesnes: areas; adjacent: next to Twould... raise up him: It would anger him if I called a stranger to join his beloved (mistress), but I m only calling Romeo to join her. 31 to be... night: to keep company with the night, which is as gloomy as Romeo is. 34 medlar: a fruit that looks like a small brown apple. 39 truckle bed: trundle bed, a small bed that fits in beneath a bigger one unit 10: shakespearean drama differentiated instruction Paraphrasing Shakespeare Draw students attention to Mercutio s Romeo, good night in line 39 and to his declared intention of going to bed. Help students paraphrase Benvolio s closing comment in lines to read something like this: Yes, let s go home. It s no use to keep looking for Romeo if he intends to hide from us unit 10: shakespearean drama Preview Read through the italicized scene synopsis with students to provide an overview of Scene 2. Check their understanding of the events mentioned by listing these events in random order and having students put them into the correct order (the order shown here). Romeo hides in Capulet s garden. Juliet comes to her balcony and speaks her thoughts about Romeo s being a Montague. Romeo reveals his presence and declares his love for Juliet. Juliet declares that she loves him too. Romeo leaves to arrange their wedding.

4 scene 2 Capulet s orchard. The following is one of the most famous scenes in all literature. The speeches contain some of the most beautiful poetry Shakespeare ever wrote. Juliet appears on the balcony outside her room. She cannot see Romeo, who stands in the garden just below. At the beginning of the scene, both characters are speaking private thoughts to themselves. Romeo, however, can hear Juliet as she expresses her love for him despite his family name. Eventually, he speaks directly to her, and they declare their love for each other. Just before dawn Romeo leaves to make plans for their wedding. [Enter Romeo.] Romeo. He jests at scars that never felt a wound. [Enter Juliet above at a window.] But soft! What light through yonder window breaks? It is the East, and Juliet is the sun! Arise, fair sun, and kill the envious moon, Who is already sick and pale with grief That thou her maid art far more fair than she. Be not her maid, since she is envious; Her vestal livery is but sick and green, And none but fools do wear it; cast it off. It is my lady; O, it is my love! O that she knew she were! She speaks, yet she says nothing. What of that? Her eye discourses; I will answer it. I am too bold; tis not to me she speaks. Two of the fairest stars in all the heaven, Having some business, do entreat her eyes To twinkle in their spheres till they return. What if her eyes were there, they in her head? The brightness of her cheek would shame those stars As daylight doth a lamp; her eyes in heaven Would through the airy region stream so bright That birds would sing and think it were not night. See how she leans her cheek upon her hand! O that I were a glove upon that hand, That I might touch that cheek! b Juliet. Ay me! Romeo. She speaks. O, speak again, bright angel! for thou art As glorious to this night, being o er my head, As is a winged messenger of heaven 1 b 1 He jests... wound: Romeo has overheard Mercutio and comments that Mercutio makes fun of love because he has never been wounded by it. 2 9 But soft... cast it off: Romeo sees Juliet at the window. For a moment he is speechless (soft: be still), but then he describes her beauty in glowing images. Targeted Passage Her eye... speaks: Romeo shifts back and forth between wanting to speak to Juliet and being afraid Two of... not night: Romeo compares Juliet s eyes to stars in the sky. SOLILOQUY To whom is Romeo speaking in lines 2 25? Explain what this soliloquy tells you about Romeo s thoughts. 25 Juliet begins to speak, not knowing that Romeo is nearby thou art... of the air: He compares Juliet to an angel (winged messenger of heaven) who stands on (bestrides) the clouds. romeo and juliet: act two, scene revisit the big question Is LOVE stronger than HATE? Discuss Near the end of Scene 1 (lines 30 34), Benvolio and Mercutio both spoke about Romeo s blind love. How does Romeo s description of Juliet at the beginning of Scene 2 suggest that Benvolio and Mercutio might be right? Possible answer: Romeo s description is dominated by exaggeration. For example, he says that the moon is jealous of Juliet s beauty (lines 4 6), that Juliet speaks with the stars (lines 14 17), and that her eyes could light up the sky (lines 20 22). Romeo s love is blind in the sense that Romeo is not seeing Juliet realistically. TEXT ANALYSIS b Model the Skill: soliloquy Have a student look up and share the definition of soliloquy. Explain that Romeo has not yet made his presence known to Juliet, the only other person in this scene. Then guide students through a Making Inferences chart to relate Romeo s comments to his likely thoughts. Possible answer: Romeo is speaking to himself, giving voice to his thoughts. The soliloquy reveals that Romeo is enraptured by Juliet s beauty, that he idealizes her, that he is uncertain about how to communicate with her, and that he wants to touch her. BEST PRACTICES TOOLKIT Transparency Making Inferences p. A13 L 3 1 Targeted Passage [Lines 2 25] The figurative language in this classic soliloquy emphasizes the poetic nature of Romeo s love. Who is the fair sun (line 4)? Why, according to Romeo, does this sun make the moon envious? With whom does Romeo imagine that Juliet is speaking? about what topic? (lines 14 17) As he finishes his speech, why does Romeo wish that he were a glove on Juliet s hand? (lines 23 25) for advanced learners/pre ap Compare and Contrast Criticism [pairedactivity option] It is not surprising that one of the most famous scenes in literature has had much literary criticism written about it. Challenge students to locate two critics writings about this scene. After they have read the criticisms, have students compare and contrast the authors views and arguments, either in an essay or as part of a larger oral presentation. romeo and juliet: act two, scene

5 tiered discussion prompts Use these prompts to explore Juliet s philosophical musing about names and Romeo s response to it in lines 33 51: Connect How strongly do you identify with your family name? Why might you give it up? Some students may say that their family name is very important and that they would never give it up, even in marriage. Others might be willing to give it up if doing so would achieve something important. Analyze How does Juliet feel about Romeo s name? about names in general? Possible answer: Juliet feels that Romeo s name is hateful, since the Montagues are enemies of the Capulets, but that Romeo himself is not an enemy (lines 38 39). She feels that names are artificial labels that do not indicate the true nature of the things to which they are applied (lines 40 47). Does Romeo agree with her? How can you tell? Possible answer: Romeo agrees, for he offers to give up his name (lines 49 51). Synthesize Since some Capulets can identify Romeo by sight (Act One, Scene 5), it is doubtful that a name change would improve Romeo s situation. Why, then, do you think that Shakespeare included this speech? Possible answer: Shakespeare included this speech to show that the young lovers are above their families feud and want to try to separate themselves from it. Unto the white-upturned wond ring eyes 30 Of mortals that fall back to gaze on him When he bestrides the lazy-pacing clouds And sails upon the bosom of the air. Juliet. O Romeo, Romeo! wherefore art thou Romeo? Deny thy father and refuse thy name! 35 Or, if thou wilt not, be but sworn my love, And I ll no longer be a Capulet. Romeo [aside]. Shall I hear more, or shall I speak at this? Juliet. Tis but thy name that is my enemy. Thou art thyself, though not a Montague. 40 What s Montague? It is nor hand, nor foot, Nor arm, nor face, nor any other part Belonging to a man. O, be some other name! What s in a name? That which we call a rose By any other name would smell as sweet. 45 So Romeo would, were he not Romeo called, Retain that dear perfection which he owes Without that title. Romeo, doff thy name; And for that name, which is no part of thee, Take all myself. Romeo. I take thee at thy word. 50 Call me but love, and I ll be new baptized; Henceforth I never will be Romeo. Juliet. What man art thou that, thus bescreened in night, So stumblest on my counsel? Romeo. By a name I know not how to tell thee who I am. 55 My name, dear saint, is hateful to myself, Because it is an enemy to thee. Had I it written, I would tear the word. Juliet. My ears have yet not drunk a hundred words Of that tongue s utterance, yet I know the sound. 60 Art thou not Romeo, and a Montague? Romeo. Neither, fair saint, if either thee dislike. Juliet. How camest thou hither, tell me, and wherefore? The orchard walls are high and hard to climb, And the place death, considering who thou art, 65 If any of my kinsmen find thee here. 33 wherefore: why. Juliet asks why Romeo is who he is someone from her enemy s family. What does Juliet ask Romeo to do? What does she promise to do? Juliet tries to convince herself that a name is just a meaningless word that has nothing to do with the person. She asks Romeo to get rid of (doff) his name Juliet is startled that someone hiding (bescreened) nearby hears her private thoughts (counsel) What warning does Juliet give Romeo? 1068 unit 10: shakespearean drama differentiated instruction for english language learners Task Support Direct students to the question in the marginal note for line 33. Have a volunteer read lines aloud. Possible answer: Juliet asks Romeo to separate from his family and give up the Montague name. If he will not, she says, she will swear her love to him and turn against her family. Task Support As you have students read the marginal question for lines 63 65, ask them to consider the identity of the kinsmen to whom Juliet refers in line 65. Possible answer: Juliet warns that her Capulet relatives will kill Romeo, the Montague, if they find him in Capulet s garden unit 10: shakespearean drama

6 Romeo. With love s light wings did I o erperch these walls; For stony limits cannot hold love out, And what love can do, that dares love attempt. Therefore thy kinsmen are no let to me. Juliet. If they do see thee, they will murder thee. Romeo. Alack, there lies more peril in thine eye Than twenty of their swords! Look thou but sweet, And I am proof against their enmity. Juliet. I would not for the world they saw thee here. Romeo. I have night s cloak to hide me from their sight; And but thou love me, let them find me here. My life were better ended by their hate Than death prorogued, wanting of thy love. c Juliet. By whose direction foundst thou out this place? Romeo. By love, that first did prompt me to enquire. He lent me counsel, and I lent him eyes. I am no pilot, yet, wert thou as far As that vast shore washed with the farthest sea, I would adventure for such merchandise. Juliet. Thou knowest the mask of night is on my face; Else would a maiden blush bepaint my cheek For that which thou hast heard me speak tonight. Fain would I dwell on form fain, fain deny What I have spoke; but farewell compliment! Dost thou love me? I know thou wilt say Ay ; And I will take thy word. Yet, if thou swearst, Thou mayst prove false. At lovers perjuries, They say Jove laughs. O gentle Romeo, If thou dost love, pronounce it faithfully. Or if thou thinkst I am too quickly won, I ll frown, and be perverse, and say thee nay, So thou wilt woo; but else, not for the world. In truth, fair Montague, I am too fond, And therefore thou mayst think my havior light; But trust me, gentleman, I ll prove more true Than those that have more cunning to be strange. I should have been more strange, I must confess, But that thou overheardst, ere I was ware, My true love s passion. Therefore pardon me, And not impute this yielding to light love, Which the dark night hath so discovered. c With... me: Love helped me climb (o erperch) the walls. Neither walls nor your relatives are a hindrance (let) to me Look... enmity: Smile on me, and I will be defended against my enemies hatred (enmity). 78 than death... love: than my death postponed (prorogued) if you don t love me. CHARACTER Reread lines 75 78, and explain what Romeo means. Do you think he is seriously thinking of death here, or is he just exaggerating because he s head over heels in love? Explain Thou... compliment: Had I known you were listening, I would have gladly (fain) behaved more properly, but now it s too late for good manners (farewell compliment). Why is Juliet embarrassed that Romeo overheard her? At... laughs: Jove, the king of the gods, laughs at lovers who lie to each other Or if... strange: You might think I ve fallen in love too easily and that I m too outspoken. But I ll be truer to you than those who play games to hide their real feelings (be strange). TEXT ANALYSIS c character RL 3 Possible answer: Romeo means that he would rather die quickly at the hands of the Capulets than to continue living with the knowledge that Juliet does not love him. Although Romeo is probably exaggerating, he made similarly rash statements when he was pining for Rosaline. It is clear that Romeo is led by his passions. IF STUDENTS NEED HELP... Have students compare this speech to Romeo s previous speech (lines 71 73) before asking the Text Analysis question. Then call on volunteers to paraphrase each line of the speech in lines romeo and juliet: act two, scene Inverted Word Order Explain that inverted word order can mean moving sentence elements other than verbs out of their traditional positions. Have students restate line 66 and the sentence that begins in the middle of line 92, placing the prepositional phrases in a traditional position. Possible answer: I o erperched these walls with love s light wings; They say Jove laughs at lovers perjuries. for english language learners Task Support Have students read the marginal note and question for lines Point out lines 86 87, in which Juliet speaks of blushing with embarrassment. Possible answer: Juliet is embarrassed that Romeo overheard her because she did not mean to let him know her personal thoughts. She feels that she has given away too much information about her feelings for Romeo. for advanced learners/pre ap Analyze Meter Remind students that iambic pentameter (a ten-syllable line with alternating unstressed and stressed syllables) is meant to imitate the sound of spoken English. Then ask students to analyze the meter of the romantic lines of the balcony scene. Have students consider and then share their thoughts about how Shakespeare keeps the lovers speeches from sounding sing-songy and, therefore, insincere. romeo and juliet: act two, scene

7 Analyze Visuals Activity What features of the photograph make this famous scene recognizable? Possible answer: A man has climbed a balcony to speak with a young woman. The two seem to be fascinated with each other. These features combine to identify the balcony scene of Romeo and Juliet. IF STUDENTS NEED HELP... Ask leading questions, such as Who is in the photograph? How are they dressed? and What emotions do their faces reveal? Romeo. Lady, by yonder blessed moon I swear, That tips with silver all these fruit-tree tops Juliet. O, swear not by the moon, the inconstant moon, 110 That monthly changes in her circled orb, Lest that thy love prove likewise variable. Romeo. What shall I swear by? Juliet. Do not swear at all; Or if thou wilt, swear by thy gracious self, Which is the god of my idolatry, 115 And I ll believe thee Why doesn t Juliet want Romeo to swear by the moon? Balcony scene from the Seattle Repertory Theatre s 2003 production 1070 unit 10: shakespearean drama differentiated instruction Inverted Word Order In lines 108 and 147, Shakespeare adds interest and emphasis to sentences by placing the phrase that names a direct object in an unusual position. Call on volunteers to translate these lines. Possible answer: That tips all these fruit-tree tops with silver; And I ll lay all my fortunes at thy foot. for english language learners Task Support Read aloud the marginal question for lines Discuss the meanings of inconstant, changes, and variable, then elicit that the moon s appearance changes as it passes through its monthly phases. Possible answer: Juliet doesn t want Romeo to swear by the moon because the moon constantly changes. If his love is similar to the moon, it will be variable and therefore untrustworthy unit 10: shakespearean drama

8 Romeo. If my heart s dear love Juliet. Well, do not swear. Although I joy in thee, I have no joy of this contract tonight. It is too rash, too unadvised, too sudden; Too like the lightning, which doth cease to be Ere one can say It lightens. Sweet, good night! This bud of love, by summer s ripening breath, May prove a beauteous flow r when next we meet. Good night, good night! As sweet repose and rest Come to thy heart as that within my breast! d Romeo. O, wilt thou leave me so unsatisfied? Juliet. What satisfaction canst thou have tonight? Romeo. The exchange of thy love s faithful vow for mine. Juliet. I gave thee mine before thou didst request it; And yet I would it were to give again. Romeo. Wouldst thou withdraw it? For what purpose, love? Juliet. But to be frank and give it thee again. And yet I wish but for the thing I have. My bounty is as boundless as the sea, My love as deep; the more I give to thee, The more I have, for both are infinite. I hear some noise within. Dear love, adieu! [Nurse calls within.] Anon, good nurse! Sweet Montague, be true. Stay but a little, I will come again. [Exit.] Romeo. O blessed, blessed night! I am afeard, Being in night, all this is but a dream, Too flattering-sweet to be substantial. [Re-enter Juliet, above.] Juliet. Three words, dear Romeo, and good night indeed. If that thy bent of love be honorable, Thy purpose marriage, send me word tomorrow, By one that I ll procure to come to thee, Where and what time thou wilt perform the rite; And all my fortunes at thy foot I ll lay And follow thee my lord throughout the world. Nurse [within]. Madam! Juliet. I come, anon. But if thou meanst not well, I do beseech thee d 117 I have... contract: I am concerned about this declaration of love (contract). CHARACTER Reread lines , and describe Juliet s attitude at this point. How does she feel about Romeo? Why does she seem uneasy about their relationship? anon: right away. Juliet calls to her nurse but asks Romeo to wait, as she will come back soon If that... rite: I ll send a messenger to you tomorrow. If your intention is to marry me, tell the messenger where and when the ceremony will be. Targeted Passage But if... thee: Juliet is still worried that Romeo is not serious. TEXT ANALYSIS d character RL 3 Possible answer: Juliet loves Romeo and is joyful (line 116) to know that he loves her. However, she seems uneasy about their relationship because everything is happening so quickly (lines ). She is afraid that a love that begins so suddenly will disappear too soon (lines ). IF STUDENTS NEED HELP... Have a volunteer read lines aloud. Ask other students to paraphrase the speech. In addition, relate this question to the marginal question for lines on page romeo and juliet: act two, scene Targeted Passage [Lines ] This passage advances the plot by revealing a plan for the lovers next meeting. What kind of message may Romeo send to Juliet the next day? How will Juliet receive that message? (lines ) What specific information will Romeo send to Juliet? (line 146) What is Juliet willing to do when she receives that message? Why? (lines ) for english language learners Vocabulary Support Explain to students that some of Shakespeare s words are similar to modern English but are changed to fit the meter of the lines. Illustrate with these examples from Scene 2: havior (line 99), flow r (line 122), falc ner s (line 158), and Rememb ring (line 174). romeo and juliet: act two, scene

9 TEXT ANALYSIS e cultural setting RL 6 Answers will vary; some students may feel it distances them from the story, while others may argue that historical accuracy helps them understand the context in which the play was written. Ask students to name some contemporary metaphors they could use in a play to reflect their current historical and cultural setting. revisit the big question Is LOVE stronger than HATE? Discuss Have students look again at lines By nine o clock the next morning, wedding plans for these young lovers may be in place. Do you think that a marriage between Romeo and Juliet is possible, given the fact that their families hate each other? Possible answer: The lovers plan to wed in secret, which is the only possible way for the marriage to happen. When the news becomes public, the families hate may lead both sides to become very angry Nurse [within]. Madam! Juliet. By-and-by I come. To cease thy suit and leave me to my grief. Tomorrow will I send. Romeo. So thrive my soul Juliet. A thousand times good night! [Exit.] Romeo. A thousand times the worse, to want thy light! Love goes toward love as schoolboys from their books; But love from love, towards school with heavy looks. [Enter Juliet again, above.] Juliet. Hist! Romeo, hist! O for a falc ner s voice To lure this tassel-gentle back again! e Bondage is hoarse and may not speak aloud; Else would I tear the cave where Echo lies, And make her airy tongue more hoarse than mine With repetition of my Romeo s name. Romeo! Romeo. It is my soul that calls upon my name. How silver-sweet sound lovers tongues by night, Like softest music to attending ears! Juliet. Romeo! Romeo. My sweet? Juliet. What o clock tomorrow Shall I send to thee? Romeo. By the hour of nine. Juliet. I will not fail. Tis twenty years till then. I have forgot why I did call thee back. Romeo. Let me stand here till thou remember it. Juliet. I shall forget, to have thee still stand there, Rememb ring how I love thy company. Romeo. And I ll still stay, to have thee still forget, Forgetting any other home but this. Juliet. Tis almost morning. I would have thee gone And yet no farther than a wanton s bird, That lets it hop a little from her hand, Like a poor prisoner in his twisted gyves, And with a silk thread plucks it back again, So loving-jealous of his liberty. Romeo. I would I were thy bird. e Love... looks: The simile means that lovers meet as eagerly as schoolboys leave their books; lovers separate with the sadness of boys going to school. RL 6 CULTURAL SETTING In lines , Juliet is using a metaphor to describe how desperately she wants to call out Romeo s name. Much of Shakespeare s figurative language reflects the historical and cultural setting in which he wrote; this figurative language reflects the popularity of falconry in Elizabethan times. Does language that reflects a historical setting help draw you into the play? Explain Hist... name: Listen, Romeo, I wish I could speak your name as loudly as a falconer calls his falcon (tasselgentle), but because of my parents I must whisper. Echo was a nymph in Greek mythology whose unreturned love for Narcissus caused her to waste away till only her voice was left I would... liberty: I know you must go, but I want you close to me like a pet bird that a thoughtless child (wanton) keeps on a string unit 10: shakespearean drama differentiated instruction for english language learners Concept Support Romeo and Juliet plan to run away to marry without parental knowledge or consent. Discuss Romeo and Juliet s rationale for this action. Then invite students to share their thoughts about how various cultures might view the wisdom of this decision. for advanced learners/pre ap Analyze a Speech Ask students to reread Juliet s final words in Scene 2. Then have students write a brief analysis of her speech, focusing on (1) Juliet s repeated fear of killing Romeo with love (line 184, but see also lines 63 65) and (2) the meaning and importance of the oxymoron sweet sorrow (line 185). Invite students to compare their analyses to see if their interpretations agree unit 10: shakespearean drama

10 Juliet. Sweet, so would I. Yet I should kill thee with much cherishing. Good night, good night! Parting is such sweet sorrow, That I shall say good night till it be morrow. [Exit.] Romeo. Sleep dwell upon thine eyes, peace in thy breast! Would I were sleep and peace, so sweet to rest! Hence will I to my ghostly father s cell, His help to crave and my dear hap to tell. [Exit.] scene 3 Friar Laurence s cell in the monastery. Romeo goes from Capulet s garden to the monastery where Friar Laurence lives. The friar knows Romeo well and often gives him advice. As the scene begins, Friar Laurence is gathering herbs in the early morning. He talks of good and bad uses for herbs. Keep this in mind, since Friar Laurence s skill at mixing herbs becomes important later in the play. Romeo tells the friar that he loves Juliet and wants to marry her. The friar is amazed that Romeo has forgotten about Rosaline so easily and suggests that Romeo might be acting in haste. Eventually, however, he agrees to marry Romeo and Juliet, hoping that the marriage will end the feud between their families. [Enter Friar Laurence alone, with a basket.] Friar Laurence. The grey-eyed morn smiles on the frowning night, Chequ ring the Eastern clouds with streaks of light; And flecked darkness like a drunkard reels From forth day s path and Titan s fiery wheels. Now, ere the sun advance his burning eye The day to cheer and night s dank dew to dry, I must upfill this osier cage of ours With baleful weeds and precious-juiced flowers. The earth that s nature s mother is her tomb, What is her burying grave, that is her womb; And from her womb children of divers kind We sucking on her natural bosom find; Many for many virtues excellent, None but for some, and yet all different. O, mickle is the powerful grace that lies In plants, herbs, stones, and their true qualities; For naught so vile that on the earth doth live But to the earth some special good doth give; L 5a Language Coach Etymology Cherish comes from the Latin root carus, meaning dear; valued. What does cherishing mean in line 184? How can someone kill by cherishing? ghostly father: spiritual adviser or priest; dear hap: good fortune Friar Laurence begins his speech by describing how night changes into day. He then speaks of the herbs he is collecting. The friar is particularly fascinated with the idea that in herbs as well as man both good and evil can exist. 4 Titan is the god whose chariot pulls the sun into the sky each morning. 7 osier cage: willow basket The earth... find: The same earth that acts as a tomb is also the womb, or birthplace, of various useful plants that people can harvest mickle: great. The friar says that nothing from the earth is so evil that it doesn t do some good. background Friars Friar Laurence is a Franciscan friar, a member of a Roman Catholic religious order of men, founded by Saint Francis of Assisi (mentioned in line 65) in Friars typically renounced material possessions and lived in simple rooms or cells, located within monasteries, sometimes called friaries. Friar Laurence s presence in Romeo and Juliet is controversial. By 1535, after the spread of Reformation ideas in England, monks and friars were banned. By the 1590s, Roman Catholic priests were thought to be agents of the Spanish and risked execution for treason if they practiced their religion on English soil. Students should notice how Friar Laurence practices a secular occupation, herbalism, in public, but administers the sacraments in private. cultural connection Herbalism Herbalism was practiced by the ancient Greeks and Romans, and even earlier by the ancient Egyptians, Chinese, Native Americans, and various other peoples. During the Middle Ages, members of religious orders (like Friar Laurence) continued to study ancient Greek writings on the subject and to cultivate herbal gardens. In addition, Arabic scholars studied the ancient works and added their own research to them. After the invention of the printing press, information about herbal medicines spread, often in the form of books known as herbals. This information continues to be used today. As students will see, such information will play a key role in Romeo and Juliet. romeo and juliet: act two, scene for english language learners Language Coach Etymology Possible answers: L 5a Cherishing means loving, taking care of. Remind students of the common expression killing with kindness. Cause Romeo wishes to be married. Cause Romeo tells Friar Laurence about his new love. Effect Romeo goes to Friar Laurence s cell. Effect Friar Laurence thinks that Romeo is being hasty. Preview Ask a volunteer to read the italicized scene synopsis aloud for the class. Help students create a cause-and-effect diagram to record key events in Scene 3. Cause Friar Laurence wants the family feud to end. Effect The friar agrees to perform the ceremony as a means of bringing the families together. romeo and juliet: act two, scene

11 tiered discussion prompts Use these prompts to discuss Romeo s visit with Friar Laurence in lines 31 64: Connect Think of a confidant someone you can go to when you need to talk. How is Friar Laurence like that person? Students may feel that both are caring, wise people. Analyze Why is Friar Laurence a particularly good character to counsel Romeo? Possible answer: Friar Laurence is perceptive. He notices immediately that Romeo is distempered (line 33), or upset. He also demands that Romeo be plain (line 55), or honest, with him. It seems clear that the friar s manner has won Romeo s respect, affection, and trust. Synthesize By acting as a counselor and performing the marriage of these young lovers, what risk does Friar Laurence take? Possible answer: Friar Laurence risks angering both powerful families. As a result, there may be greater violence instead of peace in Verona and some of that violence might be directed at him. Nor aught so good but, strained from that fair use, 20 Revolts from true birth, stumbling on abuse. Virtue itself turns vice, being misapplied, And vice sometime s by action dignified. Within the infant rind of this small flower Poison hath residence, and medicine power; 25 For this, being smelt, with that part cheers each part; Being tasted, slays all senses with the heart. Two such opposed kings encamp them still In man as well as herbs grace and rude will; And where the worser is predominant, 30 Full soon the canker death eats up that plant. [Enter Romeo.] Romeo. Good morrow, father. Friar Laurence. Benedicite! What early tongue so sweet saluteth me? Young son, it argues a distempered head So soon to bid good morrow to thy bed. 35 Care keeps his watch in every old man s eye, And where care lodges sleep will never lie; But where unbruised youth with unstuffed brain Doth couch his limbs, there golden sleep doth reign. Therefore thy earliness doth me assure 40 Thou art uproused with some distemp rature; Or if not so, then here I hit it right Our Romeo hath not been in bed tonight. Romeo. That last is true, the sweeter rest was mine. Friar Laurence. God pardon sin! Wast thou with Rosaline? 45 Romeo. With Rosaline, my ghostly father? No. I have forgot that name, and that name s woe. Friar Laurence. That s my good son! But where hast thou been then? Romeo. I ll tell thee ere thou ask it me again. I have been feasting with mine enemy, 50 Where on a sudden one hath wounded me That s by me wounded. Both our remedies Within thy help and holy physic lies. I bear no hatred, blessed man, for, lo, My intercession likewise steads my foe. 55 Friar Laurence. Be plain, good son, and homely in thy drift. Riddling confession finds but riddling shrift Within... heart: He holds a flower that can be used either as a poison or as a medicine. If the flower is smelled, its fragrance can improve health in each part of the body; if it is eaten, it causes death. 28 grace and rude will: good and evil. Both exist in people as well as in plants. 31 Benedicite (bdqnd-dfpsg-tcq): God bless you it argues... tonight: Only a disturbed (distempered) mind could make you get up so early. Old people may have trouble sleeping, but it is not normal for someone as young as you. Or were you up all night? 44 God... Rosaline: The friar is shocked that Romeo has not been to bed yet. Where does he think Romeo has been? Romeo tries to explain the situation, asking for help both for himself and his foe (Juliet). The friar does not understand Romeo s convoluted language and asks him to speak clearly so that he can help unit 10: shakespearean drama differentiated instruction Paraphrasing Shakespeare Have students reread the summary of lines Then model this paraphrase of Romeo s somewhat confusing words in lines 48 52: I ll tell you before you ask me again: I have been to a party at my enemy s home. I was suddenly wounded by someone there, but I wounded that person too. You have the cure that will help both of us. for english language learners Task Support Have students read the marginal note and question for line 44. Point out Romeo s comment about sweeter rest (line 43), and explain that Friar Laurence probably hears many people confess their sins. Possible answer: Friar Laurence thinks that Romeo has spent the night in a romantic encounter with Rosaline unit 10: shakespearean drama

12 Romeo. Then plainly know my heart s dear love is set On the fair daughter of rich Capulet; As mine on hers, so hers is set on mine, 60 And all combined, save what thou must combine By holy marriage. When, and where, and how We met, we wooed, and made exchange of vow, I ll tell thee as we pass; but this I pray, That thou consent to marry us today. 65 Friar Laurence. Holy Saint Francis! What a change is here! Is Rosaline, that thou didst love so dear, So soon forsaken? Young men s love then lies Not truly in their hearts, but in their eyes What is Friar Laurence saying in these lines? Analyze Visuals Activity What assumptions can you make about Friar Laurence from details in this photograph? Explain your assumptions. Possible answer: The reader can assume that Friar Laurence is interested in plants, for he is holding a plant and has a drawing of a plant on his easel. From his robe and his cross necklace, the reader can assume that he belongs to a Christian religious order. His pose suggests that he is an instructor or counselor to Romeo. Friar Laurence counsels Romeo in the University of Victoria s 1998 production. romeo and juliet: act two, scene Explore Characters Have pairs or small groups of students read Friar Laurence s lines carefully. Then have them work together to fill out a Character Analysis Chart about him. Students can add notes and explore this character further as he reappears in later scenes. BEST PRACTICES TOOLKIT Transparency Character Analysis Chart p. D5 for english language learners Task Support Draw attention to the marginal question for lines Ask a volunteer to read the lines aloud for the class. Possible answer: Friar Laurence is saying that he is surprised that Romeo has so quickly forgotten about his former love. From this event he concludes that love is a function of a young man s attraction, not of his heart. romeo and juliet: act two, scene

13 TEXT ANALYSIS f character Possible answer: Friar Laurence agrees to help Romeo because he is motivated to help end the feud between the Capulet and Montague families. IF STUDENTS NEED HELP... Discuss these questions: What does Friar Laurence mean when he says that Rosaline knew well / Thy love did read by rote, that could not spell (lines 87 88)? Possible answer: He means that Rosaline understood that Romeo s love was immature or not the real thing. What do you think is the friar s tone of voice when he calls Romeo young waverer (line 89)? Possible answer: His tone probably is kindly, especially as the words are part of an invitation. According to Friar Laurence, why might Romeo s marriage to Juliet be a happy thing? Possible answer: The marriage might turn the rancor (bitterness) between the families into love. RL 3 Jesu Maria! What a deal of brine 70 Hath washed thy sallow cheeks for Rosaline! How much salt water thrown away in waste, To season love, that of it doth not taste! The sun not yet thy sighs from heaven clears, Thy old groans ring yet in mine ancient ears. 75 Lo, here upon thy cheek the stain doth sit Of an old tear that is not washed off yet. If e er thou wast thyself, and these woes thine, Thou and these woes were all for Rosaline. And art thou changed? Pronounce this sentence then: 80 Women may fall when there s no strength in men. Romeo. Thou chidst me oft for loving Rosaline. Friar Laurence. For doting, not for loving, pupil mine. Romeo. And badest me bury love. Friar Laurence. Not in a grave To lay one in, another ought to have. 85 Romeo. I pray thee chide not. She whom I love now Doth grace for grace and love for love allow. The other did not so. Friar Laurence. O, she knew well Thy love did read by rote, that could not spell. But come, young waverer, come go with me. 90 In one respect I ll thy assistant be; For this alliance may so happy prove To turn your households rancor to pure love. f Romeo. O, let us hence! I stand on sudden haste. Friar Laurence. Wisely, and slow. They stumble that run fast. [Exeunt.] scene 4 A street. Several hours after his meeting with Friar Laurence, Romeo meets Benvolio and Mercutio in the street. He is excited and happy; his mood is key to the comic nature of this scene, which includes much talk of swordplay and many suggestive jokes. Mercutio makes fun of Tybalt and teases Romeo. The nurse comes to carry a message from Romeo to Juliet. Romeo tells her that Juliet should meet him at Friar Laurence s cell for their secret marriage ceremony. [Enter Benvolio and Mercutio.] Mercutio. Where the devil should this Romeo be? Came he not home tonight? 1076 unit 10: shakespearean drama differentiated instruction Preview Ask a volunteer to read aloud the italicized scene synopsis. Help students organize the events of Scene 4 into a Sequence Chain. BEST PRACTICES TOOLKIT Transparency Sequence Chain p. B21 f 69 brine: salt water that is, the tears that Romeo has been shedding for Rosaline. 80 Women... men: If men are so weak, women may be forgiven for sinning chidst: scolded. The friar replies that he scolded Romeo for being lovesick, not for loving She whom... spell: Romeo says that the woman he loves feels the same way about him. That wasn t true of Rosaline. The friar replies that Rosaline knew that he didn t know what real love is For this... prove: this marriage may work out so well; rancor: bitter hate. CHARACTER Why does Friar Laurence agree to help Romeo marry Juliet, despite his worry that Romeo falls in love too easily? Explain the friar s motives. Romeo meets friends to talk and joke. Juliet s nurse arrives to speak to Romeo. Romeo tells the nurse of his plan to marry Juliet secretly at Friar Laurence s cell unit 10: shakespearean drama

14 Benvolio. Not to his father s. I spoke with his man. Mercutio. Why, that same pale hard-hearted wench, that Rosaline, 5 Torments him so that he will sure run mad. Benvolio. Tybalt, the kinsman to old Capulet, Hath sent a letter to his father s house. Mercutio. A challenge, on my life. Benvolio. Romeo will answer it. 10 Mercutio. Any man that can write may answer a letter. Benvolio. Nay, he will answer the letter s master, how he dares, being dared. Mercutio. Alas, poor Romeo, he is already dead! stabbed with a white wench s black eye; shot through the ear with a love song; 15 the very pin of his heart cleft with the blind bow-boy s butt-shaft; and is he a man to encounter Tybalt? Benvolio. Why, what is Tybalt? Mercutio. More than Prince of Cats, I can tell you. O, he s the courageous captain of compliments. He fights as you sing 20 pricksong keeps time, distance, and proportion; rests me his minim rest, one, two, and the third in your bosom! the very butcher of a silk button, a duelist, a duelist! a gentleman of the very first house, of the first and second cause. Ah, the immortal passado! the punto reverso! the hay! 25 Benvolio. The what? Mercutio. The pox of such antic, lisping, affecting fantasticoes these new tuners of accent! By Jesu, a very good blade! a very tall man! a very good whore! Why, is not this a lamentable thing, grandsire, that we should be thus afflicted with these strange flies, 30 these fashion-mongers, these perdona-mi s, who stand so much on the new form that they cannot sit at ease on the old bench? O, their bones, their bones! [Enter Romeo, no longer moody.] Benvolio. Here comes Romeo! here comes Romeo! Mercutio. Without his roe, like a dried herring. O, flesh, flesh, 35 how art thou fishified! Now is he for the numbers that Petrarch flowed in. Laura, to his lady, was but a kitchen wench (marry, she had a better love to berhyme her), Dido a dowdy, Cleopatra a gypsy, Helen and Hero hildings and harlots, Thisbe a grey eye 3 man: servant Tybalt... dared: Tybalt, still angry about Romeo s crashing the Capulet party, has sent a letter challenging Romeo to a duel. Benvolio says that Romeo will do more than answer the letter; he will accept Tybalt s challenge and fight him. 15 blind bow-boy s butt-shaft: Cupid s dull practice arrow. Mercutio suggests that Romeo fell in love with very little work on Cupid s part More than... hay: Mercutio mocks Tybalt s name. Prince of Cats refers to a cat in a fable, named Tybalt, who was known for his slyness. Then Mercutio makes fun of Tybalt s fancy new style of dueling, comparing it to precision singing (pricksong). Passado, punto reverso, and hay were terms used in the new dueling style The pox... their bones: Mercutio continues to make fun of people who embrace new styles and new manners of speaking without his roe: only part of himself (Mercutio makes fun of Romeo s name and his lovesickness); numbers: verses. Mercutio mentions Petrarch, who wrote sonnets to his love, Laura. According to Mercutio, Romeo s feelings for Rosaline are so intense that great loves in literature Laura, Dido, and others could never measure up. tiered discussion prompts Refer students to lines Use these discussion prompts to help students understand Mercutio s perception of Tybalt: Recall Why did Tybalt send a letter challenging Romeo to a duel? Because Romeo showed up uninvited at the Capulets party, an intrusion that was considered disrespectful. Analyze According to Mercutio, why is Tybalt particularly dangerous? Possible answer: Tybalt is a master duelist and knows the calculated moves needed to destroy an opponent. A gentleman of the very first house (lines 22 23), Tybalt is also a butcher of a silk button (line 22), a skilled swordsman, and a dangerous man. Evaluate Does Mercutio s assessment of Tybalt seem like an objective assessment? Possible answer: Mercutio is objective enough to be wary of Tybalt s skill as a duelist, but he also harbors a personal resentment of Tybalt and his fancy dueling style. romeo and juliet: act two, scene for english language learners Concept Support To help students understand that another fight is brewing, organize students into pairs. Ask one student in the pair to look for the lines at the beginning of Scene 4 that refer to the challenge (lines 6 12). Ask the other student to look for the lines that involve swordplay (lines 13 24). Have students work together to rephrase or otherwise work out the meaning of the lines. for advanced learners/pre ap Analyze Allusions [small-group option] Have students reread Mercutio s speech in lines and the marginal note about it. Then ask them to do more research about the allusions that Mercutio makes in these lines to Laura, Dido, Cleopatra, Helen, Hero, and Thisbe. Invite students to give a brief oral report on their findings and to share a few comments about the point that Mercutio is making by using these allusions. romeo and juliet: act two, scene

15 revisit the big question Is LOVE stronger than HATE? Discuss After Scenes 2 and 3, which focus on words of romance and plans for a marriage, Scene 4 opens with witty talk and comedy. In what sense, however, is there still a focus upon love? How does the dialogue in lines reveal this focus? Possible answer: There is still a focus on love, but for the moment it is the love between friends rather than romantic love. The dialogue between Romeo and Mercutio is full of jokes and funny threats (line 61). These characters could not jest with each other so personably if they were not friends who love each other or so, but not to the purpose. Signior Romeo, bon jour! There s a French salutation to your French slop. You gave us the counterfeit fairly last night. Romeo. Good morrow to you both. What counterfeit did I give you? Mercutio. The slip, sir, the slip. Can you not conceive? Romeo. Pardon, good Mercutio. My business was great, and in such a case as mine a man may strain courtesy. Mercutio. That s as much as to say, such a case as yours constrains a man to bow in the hams. Romeo. Meaning, to curtsy. Mercutio. Thou hast most kindly hit it. Romeo. A most courteous exposition. Mercutio. Nay, I am the very pink of courtesy. Romeo. Pink for flower. Mercutio. Right. Romeo. Why, then is my pump well-flowered. Mercutio. Well said! Follow me this jest now till thou hast worn out thy pump, that, when the single sole of it is worn, the jest may remain, after the wearing, solely singular. Romeo. Oh, single-soled jest, solely singular for the singleness! Mercutio. Come between us, good Benvolio! My wits faint. Romeo. Switch and spurs, switch and spurs! or I ll cry a match. Mercutio. Nay, if our wits run the wild-goose chase, I am done; for thou hast more of the wild goose in one of thy wits than, I am sure, I have in my whole five. Was I with you there for the goose? Romeo. Thou wast never with me for anything when thou wast not there for the goose. Mercutio. I will bite thee by the ear for that jest. Romeo. Nay, good goose, bite not! Mercutio. Thy wit is a very bitter sweeting; it is a most sharp sauce. Romeo. And is it not, then, well served in to a sweet goose? Mercutio. O, here s a wit of cheveril, that stretches from an inch narrow to an ell broad! bon jour: Good day in French; There s... last night: Here s a greeting to match your fancy French trousers (slop). You did a good job of getting away from us last night. (A piece of counterfeit money was called a slip.) In these lines, Romeo and Mercutio have a battle of wits. They keep trying to top each other with funnier comments and cleverer puns. 55 pump: shoe; well-flowered: Shoes were pinked, or punched out in flowerlike designs. 61 Switch... match: Keep going, or I ll claim victory Was... goose: Have I proved that you are a foolish person? 73 cheveril: kidskin, which is flexible. Mercutio means that a little wit stretches a long way unit 10: shakespearean drama differentiated instruction for english language learners Vocabulary Support Point out the complicated word play in this scene. In lines 46 52, the friends enjoy some word play using the related words courtesy (lines 46 and 52), curtsy (line 49), and courteous (line 51). In lines 57 59, the friends repeat the words single and sole in five different variations. Help students find other examples of word play in this scene. for advanced learners/pre ap Evaluate a Scene Remind students that according to the summary on page 1035, Mercutio will soon die at the hand of Tybalt. Have pairs of students discuss Act Two, Scene 4, focusing on Mercutio, and then write a joint evaluation of its importance to the plot of the play. After students have read Act Three, ask the same pairs of students to reread and refine their evaluations unit 10: shakespearean drama

16 Romeo. I stretch it out for that word broad, which, added to the goose, proves thee far and wide a broad goose. Mercutio. Why, is not this better now than groaning for love? Now art thou sociable, now art thou Romeo; now art thou what thou art, by art as well as by nature. For this driveling love is like a great natural that runs lolling up and down to hide his bauble in a hole. Benvolio. Stop there, stop there! Mercutio. Thou desirest me to stop in my tale against the hair. Benvolio. Thou wouldst else have made thy tale large. Mercutio. O, thou art deceived! I would have made it short; for I was come to the whole depth of my tale, and meant indeed to occupy the argument no longer. [Enter Nurse and Peter, her servant. He is carrying a large fan.] Romeo. Here s goodly gear! Mercutio. A sail, a sail! Benvolio. Two, two! a shirt and a smock. Nurse. Peter! Peter. Anon. Nurse. My fan, Peter. Mercutio. Good Peter, to hide her face; for her fan s the fairer of the two. Nurse. God ye good morrow, gentlemen. Mercutio. God ye good-den, fair gentlewoman. Nurse. Is it good-den? Mercutio. Tis no less, I tell ye, for the bawdy hand of the dial is now upon the prick of noon. Nurse. Out upon you! What a man are you! Romeo. One, gentlewoman, that God hath made himself to mar. Nurse. By my troth, it is well said. For himself to mar, quoth a? Gentlemen, can any of you tell me where I may find the young Romeo? Romeo. I can tell you; but young Romeo will be older when you have found him than he was when you sought him. I am the youngest of that name, for fault of a worse great natural: an idiot, like a jester or clown who carries a fool s stick (bauble) goodly gear: something fine to joke about; a sail: Mercutio likens the nurse in all her petticoats to a huge ship coming toward them. 93 Fans were usually carried only by fine ladies. The nurse is trying to pretend that she is more than a servant. revisit the big question Is LOVE stronger than HATE? Discuss In lines 77 81, Mercutio expresses his relief that Romeo seems to be himself again. What is Mercutio s opinion about people who brood over love? Why do you think that he feels this way? Possible answer: Mercutio s opinion is best shown in his reference to driveling love (line 79), which indicates that he found Romeo s moodiness over love ridiculous and irritating. (Students may also remember that Mercutio has already ridiculed Romeo s pining for Rosaline.) Mercutio may feel this way because he has never been in love and, therefore, has not experienced the passions that Romeo feels. romeo and juliet: act two, scene for advanced learners/pre ap Mercutio and Friar Laurence Even though they possess very different personalities, Mercutio and Friar Laurence share a closeness to Romeo. After students have finished reading Scene 4, challenge them to reread Scene 3, as well as Mercutio s speech in lines in Scene 4 of Act One. Then ask them to write two to three paragraphs comparing and contrasting the approaches that Friar Laurence and Mercutio take in responding to Romeo s moods and offer an assessment as to why each is important in Romeo s life. romeo and juliet: act two, scene

17 tiered discussion prompts Use these prompts to explore the way in which the young men treat Juliet s nurse in lines : Connect When have you seen someone treated with disrespect? How does that memory help you understand this scene? Students may recall a time when they saw one person make fun of another. Students should recognize the verbal abuse that Mercutio, in particular, directs at the nurse. Analyze What can you tell about Mercutio and Benvolio, who ridicule the nurse? Who treats her worse? Why do you think they are so unkind? Possible answer: Mercutio and Benvolio s behavior shows that they are playful and bawdy. It also reveals them to be class conscious, for they ridicule the low standing of the nurse. Mercutio says more and so is the worse of the two. They are probably being unkind as a way of showing off in front of each other. Synthesize Romeo is not nearly as unkind as are his friends. In fact, once his friends leave, he is respectful to the nurse and even offers her an apology of sorts (lines ). How do you explain his behavior? Possible answer: Romeo s behavior is better because he knows why the nurse has come, whereas his friends do not. He probably does not want the nurse to take a bad report back to Juliet; besides, when Mercutio isn t around to egg him on, Romeo seems to display a pleasant personality Nurse. You say well. Mercutio. Yea, is the worst well? Very well took, i faith! wisely, wisely. Nurse. If you be he, sir, I desire some confidence with you. Benvolio. She will endite him to some supper. Mercutio. A bawd, a bawd, a bawd! So ho! Romeo. What hast thou found? Mercutio. No hare, sir; unless a hare, sir, in a lenten pie, that is something stale and hoar ere it be spent. [sings] An old hare hoar, And an old hare hoar, Is very good meat in Lent. But a hare that is hoar, Is too much for a score When it hoars ere it be spent. Romeo, will you come to your father s? We ll to dinner thither. Romeo. I will follow you. Mercutio. Farewell, ancient lady. Farewell, [sings] lady, lady, lady. [Exeunt Mercutio and Benvolio.] Nurse. Marry, farewell! I pray you, sir, what saucy merchant was this that was so full of his ropery? Romeo. A gentleman, nurse, that loves to hear himself talk and will speak more in a minute than he will stand to in a month. Nurse. An a speak anything against me, I ll take him down, an a were lustier than he is, and twenty such Jacks; and if I cannot, I ll find those that shall. Scurvy knave! I am none of his flirt-gills; I am none of his skainsmates. [turning to Peter] And thou must stand by too, and suffer every knave to use me at his pleasure? Peter. I saw no man use you at his pleasure. If I had, my weapon should quickly have been out, I warrant you. I dare draw as soon as another man, if I see occasion in a good quarrel, and the law on my side confidence: The nurse means conference; she uses big words without understanding their meaning; endite: Benvolio makes fun of the nurse by using this word rather than invite Mercutio calls the nurse a bawd, or woman who runs a house of prostitution. His song uses the insulting puns hare, a rabbit or prostitute, and hoar, old. 128 ropery: roguery, or jokes The nurse is angry that Mercutio treated her like one of his loose women (flirt-gills) or his gangsterlike friends (skainsmates) unit 10: shakespearean drama differentiated instruction Paraphrasing Shakespeare Have students reread the marginal note for lines Model a paraphrase of lines : And if he insults me, I ll fight and defeat him, for I am stronger [lustier] than he and twenty of his friends, put together, are; and if I can t defeat him, I ll find someone who will. Then call on volunteers to paraphrase the nurse s words to Peter (lines ) and Peter s reply (lines ). Possible answer: Nurse. And is it right for you to stand around and do nothing, letting every rascal treat me as he wishes? Peter. I didn t see anyone treat you as he wished. If I had seen that, I guarantee that I would have drawn my weapon [to defend you]. I am as willing to fight as anyone, if the right argument presents itself, and I am acting within the law unit 10: shakespearean drama

18 Behind the Curtain The Orlando-UCF Shakespeare Festival s 1992 production The University of South Carolina s 1999 production Set Design Often, set designers recreate the world of Romeo and Juliet in strikingly unique ways. Designers of the productions pictured here created radically different sets for the balcony scene. List three adjectives you would use to describe each set. What factors might make a designer choose to create one of these particular set styles? The Royal Shakespeare Company s 1992 production behind the curtain Set Design Explain that sets are the platforms, walls, and building structures that help create the world within a play. Point out SL 2 that it is not unusual for set designers to avoid a completely realistic look. To illustrate this point, draw students attention to the photographs of the Royal Shakespeare Company s 1992 production and the University of South Carolina s 1999 production. In both cases, the sets require the audience to use its imagination to fill in details. The Orlando-UCF Shakespeare Festival s 1992 production, however, has a much more realistic set, including a real balcony. Possible answer: The Orlando-UCF Shakespeare Festival s set is realistic, romantic, and rich; the Royal Shakespeare Company s set is modern, abstract, and geometric; the University of South Carolina s set is stark, bare, otherworldly. In determining a set style, a set designer might consider the actual setting of the work, any interpretation that the director wants to give it, and the production s budget for advanced learners/pre ap Create a Set Design Have groups of students choose a scene they have read and design a creative but appropriate set. Have students use graph paper for an overhead view, as well as drawings that show how the set will look from the front. Encourage students to add details such as colors, fabrics, and foliage that would be part of the set. Display the set designs and compare designs created for the same scene. romeo and juliet: act two, scene

19 revisit the big question Is LOVE stronger than HATE? Discuss How is Nurse s love for Juliet shown in her response to Romeo in lines ? Possible answer: She is protective and honest about her feelings. The nurse reminds Romeo that Juliet is young, and should he deal double (line 146) with her, it would show him up as weak and of poor character. Nurse is of a lower social class than Romeo, so she cannot legitimately threaten him. Still, she is brutally honest in telling him that leading Juliet into a fool s paradise (line 144) that is, a false promise would be a very gross kind of behavior (lines ) Nurse. Now, afore God, I am so vexed that every part about me quivers. Scurvy knave! Pray you, sir, a word; and as I told you, my young lady bade me enquire you out. What she bid me say, I will keep to myself; but first let me tell ye, if ye should lead her into a fool s paradise, as they say, it were a very gross kind of behavior, as they say; for the gentlewoman is young; and therefore, if you should deal double with her, truly it were an ill thing to be offered to any gentlewoman, and very weak dealing. Romeo. Nurse, commend me to thy lady and mistress. I protest unto thee Nurse. Good heart, and i faith I will tell her as much. Lord, Lord! she will be a joyful woman. Romeo. What wilt thou tell her, nurse? Thou dost not mark me. Nurse. I will tell her, sir, that you do protest, which, as I take it, is a gentlemanlike offer. Romeo. Bid her devise Some means to come to shrift this afternoon; And there she shall at Friar Laurence cell Be shrived and married. Here is for thy pains. Nurse. No, truly, sir; not a penny. Romeo. Go to! I say you shall. Nurse. This afternoon, sir? Well, she shall be there. Romeo. And stay, good nurse, behind the abbey wall. Within this hour my man shall be with thee And bring thee cords made like a tackled stair, Which to the high topgallant of my joy Must be my convoy in the secret night. Farewell. Be trusty, and I ll quit thy pains. Farewell. Commend me to thy mistress. Nurse. Now God in heaven bless thee! Hark you, sir. Romeo. What sayst thou, my dear nurse? Nurse. Is your man secret? Did you ne er hear say, Two may keep counsel, putting one away? Romeo. I warrant thee my man s as true as steel. Nurse. Well, sir, my mistress is the sweetest lady. Lord, Lord! when twas a little prating thing O, there is a nobleman in town, one Paris, that would fain lay knife aboard; but she, good soul, had as lief see a toad, a very toad, as see him. I anger her The nurse warns Romeo that he d better mean what he said about marrying Juliet. She holds back her news while she tries to decide if Romeo s love is genuine. 148 commend me: give my respectful greetings Romeo tells the nurse to have Juliet come to Friar Laurence s cell this afternoon, using the excuse that she is going to confess her sins (shrift). There she will receive forgiveness for her sins (be shrived) and be married. Targeted Passage tackled stair: rope ladder; topgallant: highest point quit thy pains: reward you. The nurse then asks Romeo if his servant can be trusted, then quotes the saying that two can keep a secret but not three The nurse begins to babble about Paris proposal but says that Juliet would rather look at a toad than at Paris unit 10: shakespearean drama differentiated instruction 3 Targeted Passage [Lines ] This passage lays out the specifics of Romeo s plan for marrying Juliet. To whom is Romeo speaking? Why does he tell his plan to this person? (lines ) When and where does Romeo want Juliet to meet him? (lines ) What will he send to the nurse first? Why do you think it will be needed? (line 164) Infer Action Explain that Shakespeare uses relatively few stage directions and that readers sometimes must infer action from his dialogue. In lines , for example, the dialogue implies that Romeo is putting a coin into the nurse s hand to thank her for her help, that she may shake her head and try to give it back, and that Romeo may then use a gesture to underscore his insistence upon her keeping the gift unit 10: shakespearean drama

20 sometimes, and tell her that Paris is the properer man; but I ll warrant you, when I say so, she looks as pale as any clout in the versal world. Doth not rosemary and Romeo begin both with a letter? Romeo. Ay, nurse, what of that? Both with an R. Nurse. Ah, mocker! that s the dog s name. R is for the No; I know it begins with some other letter; and she hath the prettiest sententious of it, of you and rosemary, that it would do you good to hear it. Romeo. Commend me to thy lady. Nurse. Ay, a thousand times. [Exit Romeo.] Peter! Peter. Anon. Nurse. Peter, take my fan, and go before, and apace. [Exeunt.] clout: old cloth; the versal world: the entire world; Doth not... hear it: The nurse tries to recall a clever saying that Juliet made up about Romeo and rosemary, the herb for remembrance, but cannot remember it. She is sure that the two words couldn t begin with R because this letter sounds like a snarling dog; sententious: The nurse means sentences. 190 apace: quickly. scene 5 Capulet s orchard. Juliet is a nervous wreck, having waited for more than three hours for the nurse to return. When the nurse does arrive, she simply won t come to the point. Juliet gets more and more upset, until the nurse finally reveals the wedding arrangements [Enter Juliet.] Juliet. The clock struck nine when I did send the nurse; In half an hour she promised to return. Perchance she cannot meet him. That s not so. O, she is lame! Love s heralds should be thoughts, Which ten times faster glide than the sun s beams Driving back shadows over lowering hills. Therefore do nimble-pinioned doves draw Love, And therefore hath the wind-swift Cupid wings. g Now is the sun upon the highmost hill Of this day s journey, and from nine till twelve Is three long hours; yet she is not come. Had she affections and warm youthful blood, She would be as swift in motion as a ball; My words would bandy her to my sweet love, And his to me. But old folks, many feign as they were dead Unwieldy, slow, heavy, and pale as lead. [Enter Nurse and Peter.] O God, she comes! O honey nurse, what news? g 4 6 Love s... hills: Love s messengers should be thoughts, which travel ten times faster than sunbeams. 7 nimble-pinioned... Love: Swift-winged doves pull the chariot of Venus, goddess of love. ALLUSION What do Juliet s allusions to Venus and to Cupid emphasize about her state of mind as she waits for the nurse to return? 14 bandy: toss. 16 feign as: act as if. romeo and juliet: act two, scene TEXT ANALYSIS g allusion Possible answer: Juliet s allusions to the goddess of love (Love, or Venus) and to the god of love (Cupid, Venus s son) emphasize her obsession with Romeo, her idealized view of love, and her nervousness as she waits for news about the wedding arrangements. IF STUDENTS NEED HELP... Make sure that students understand who Venus (Love) and Cupid are, according to classical mythology. Discuss what might cause a person to talk about the gods of love. L 3 Preview As you read through the Scene 5 synopsis, use an Open Mind diagram to help students identify Juliet s emotions. BEST PRACTICES TOOLKIT Transparency Open Mind p. D9 nervous waiting for nurse excited/anxious about wedding arrangements happy to see nurse frustrated with nurse s stalling impatient to hear news romeo and juliet: act two, scene

21 tiered discussion prompts Use these prompts to provide insight into the relationship between Juliet and her nurse, as revealed in lines 21 77: Connect How do people often feel about asking someone to do them a big favor? How do you think Juliet feels toward her nurse? Students should understand that asking a big favor leads to feelings of gratitude. Juliet feels grateful to her nurse for meeting with Romeo, but she also becomes frustrated with the nurse for withholding Romeo s news. Analyze What reason might the nurse have for teasing Juliet by not telling her the news right away? Possible answer: The nurse might be teasing Juliet because she enjoys the power that withholding the news gives her. By not revealing the information, she forces Juliet to beg her for it. Evaluate Who do you think is the wiser counselor Friar Laurence or the nurse? Explain. Possible answer: Both characters are confidants of the lovers, and both are in favor of the marriage. Friar Laurence may be the wiser counselor, however: he is educated, he is not an employee of one of the families involved, and he is able to see beyond the wedding itself to a greater good that might come from the marriage Hast thou met with him? Send thy man away. Nurse. Peter, stay at the gate. [Exit Peter.] Juliet. Now, good sweet nurse O Lord, why lookst thou sad? Though news be sad, yet tell them merrily; If good, thou shamest the music of sweet news By playing it to me with so sour a face. Nurse. I am aweary, give me leave awhile. Fie, how my bones ache! What a jaunce have I had! Juliet. I would thou hadst my bones, and I thy news. Nay, come, I pray thee speak. Good, good nurse, speak. Nurse. Jesu, what haste! Can you not stay awhile? Do you not see that I am out of breath? Juliet. How art thou out of breath when thou hast breath To say to me that thou art out of breath? The excuse that thou dost make in this delay Is longer than the tale thou dost excuse. Is thy news good or bad? Answer to that. Say either, and I ll stay the circumstance. Let me be satisfied, is t good or bad? Nurse. Well, you have made a simple choice; you know not how to choose a man. Romeo? No, not he. Though his face be better than any man s, yet his leg excels all men s; and for a hand and a foot, and a body, though they be not to be talked on, yet they are past compare. He is not the flower of courtesy, but, I ll warrant him, as gentle as a lamb. Go thy ways, wench; serve God. What, have you dined at home? Juliet. No, no. But all this did I know before. What say he of our marriage? What of that? Nurse. Lord, how my head aches! What a head have I! It beats as it would fall in twenty pieces. My back o t other side ah, my back, my back! Beshrew your heart for sending me about To catch my death with jauncing up and down! Juliet. I faith, I am sorry that thou art not well. Sweet, sweet, sweet nurse, tell me, what says my love? The nurse teases Juliet by putting on a sad face as if the news were bad give me... I had: Leave me alone for a while. I ache all over because of the running back and forth I ve been doing. L 4 Language Coach Multiple Meanings The word stay has something other than its usual meaning in line 29. What do you think it means? (Hint: The expression What haste! means What a hurry you re in! ) 36 I ll... circumstance: I ll wait for the details. 38 simple: foolish Beshrew... down: Curse you for making me endanger my health by running around. Considering the nurse s feelings for Juliet, do you think this is really an angry curse? Explain unit 10: shakespearean drama differentiated instruction for english language learners Task Support Have students read the marginal note and question for lines Urge students to think of the tone of the characters conversation thus far. Possible answer: No, this curse is not sincerely angry. The nurse is thrilled to bring Juliet the message, but at the moment, she is having a bit of fun by making Juliet wait. Vocabulary Support Shakespeare often uses elliptical language. Work with students to add the missing words to these lines. See boldfacing in each possible answer. Line 23, Possible answer: If the news be good,... Line 27, Possible answer:... and I had thy news. Line 71, Possible answer:... I must hie [go] another way. Language Coach L 4 Multiple Meanings Possible answer: Stay means wait. Point out that the nurse is teasing Juliet and may not really be so out of breath she cannot give the news. Juliet suspects as much (lines 31 34) unit 10: shakespearean drama

22 Nurse. Your love says, like an honest gentleman, and a courteous, 55 and a kind, and a handsome, and, I warrant, a virtuous Where is your mother? Juliet. Where is my mother? Why, she is within. Where should she be? How oddly thou repliest! Your love says, like an honest gentleman, 60 Where is your mother? Nurse. O God s Lady dear! Are you so hot? Marry come up, I trow. Is this the poultice for my aching bones? Hence forward do your messages yourself. Juliet. Here s such a coil! Come, what says Romeo? 65 Nurse. Have you got leave to go to shrift today? Juliet. I have. Nurse. Then hie you hence to Friar Laurence cell; There stays a husband to make you a wife. Now comes the wanton blood up in your cheeks: 70 They ll be in scarlet straight at any news. Hie you to church; I must another way, To fetch a ladder, by the which your love Must climb a bird s nest soon when it is dark. I am the drudge, and toil in your delight; 75 But you shall bear the burden soon at night. Go; I ll to dinner; hie you to the cell. Juliet. Hie to high fortune! Honest nurse, farewell. [Exeunt.] 5 scene 6 Friar Laurence s cell. Friar Laurence cautions Romeo to be more sensible in his love for Juliet. When she arrives, the two confess their love to each other and prepare to be married by Friar Laurence. [Enter Friar Laurence and Romeo.] Friar Laurence. So smile the heavens upon this holy act That after-hours with sorrow chide us not! Romeo. Amen, amen! But come what sorrow can, It cannot countervail the exchange of joy That one short minute gives me in her sight. Do thou but close our hands with holy words, Then love-devouring death do what he dare It is enough I may but call her mine Marry... bones: Control yourself! Is this the treatment I get for my pain? 64 coil: fuss Then hie... a wife: Then go quickly to Friar Laurence s cell, where Romeo is waiting to marry you The nurse will get the ladder that Romeo will use to climb to Juliet s room after they are married. 1 2 So smile... us not: May heaven so bless this act that we won t regret it in the future (after-hours). 4 countervail: outweigh. romeo and juliet: act two, scene revisit the big question Is LOVE stronger than HATE? Discuss How will Scene 6 use love to advance the plot of the play? Students may suggest that as Romeo and Juliet exchange vows of love and are married, they take the story to the next level. Once they are joined by the Church, it seems (for now) that the families will have to settle their feud. tiered discussion prompts Use these prompts to help students see how, in lines 1 9, Shakespeare infuses a joyful moment with foreshadowing about the play s ending: Connect Have you ever worried about the wisdom of a decision? Why, then, do you think that Friar Laurence sounds worried? Students may recall worrying about an impulsive decision. Friar Laurence is probably concerned that his agreement to marry the couple may not work out positively. Analyze What words or phrases in Romeo s speech suggest a tragic future? Possible answer: sorrow (line 3), one short minute (line 5), and love-devouring death (line 7) Evaluate Do you think Friar Laurence understands that the marriage could lead to tragedy? Does Romeo understand? Explain your answers. Possible answers: Friar Laurence is wise enough to realize that the marriage could lead to great sorrow (line 2). Romeo does not have enough life experience to give serious consideration to tragedy; in fact, he dares death to attack his marriage (line 7). Preview Call on a volunteer to read aloud the Scene 6 synopsis. Have students use a three-column chart to record a statement that each character might say to summarize his or her role in this scene. Friar Laurence Romeo Juliet Romeo should be more moderate in his love. I am passionately in love with Juliet. I want to marry Romeo. romeo and juliet: act two, scene

23 TEXT ANALYSIS h tragedy Possible answer: Romeo will not take the friar s advice. Shakespearean tragedies end in death for the main characters, so if moderation is the key to a long love (line 14), Romeo will not be moderate. TEXT ANALYSIS i paradox Possible answer: Although two people are joined in marriage, they become like one person. A married couple, although they are two separate people, usually act together and share most things. Have students discuss why a paradox might be a useful tool when conveying information to readers. Suggest that students think about the contradiction it highlights. L 3 RL Friar Laurence. These violent delights have violent ends And in their triumph die, like fire and powder, Which, as they kiss, consume. The sweetest honey Is loathsome in his own deliciousness And in the taste confounds the appetite. Therefore love moderately: long love doth so; Too swift arrives as tardy as too slow. h [Enter Juliet.] Here comes the lady. O, so light a foot Will ne er wear out the everlasting flint. A lover may bestride the gossamer That idles in the wanton summer air, And yet not fall; so light is vanity. Juliet. Good even to my ghostly confessor. Friar Laurence. Romeo shall thank thee, daughter, for us both. Juliet. As much to him, else is his thanks too much. Romeo. Ah, Juliet, if the measure of thy joy Be heaped like mine, and that thy skill be more To blazon it, then sweeten with thy breath This neighbor air, and let rich music s tongue Unfold the imagined happiness that both Receive in either by this dear encounter. Juliet. Conceit, more rich in matter than in words, Brags of his substance, not of ornament. They are but beggars that can count their worth; But my true love is grown to such excess I cannot sum up sum of half my wealth. Friar Laurence. Come, come with me, and we will make short work; For, by your leaves, you shall not stay alone Till Holy Church incorporate two in one. i [Exeunt.] 4 h i 9 15 These... slow: The friar compares Romeo s passion to gunpowder and the fire that ignites it both are destroyed then to honey, whose sweetness can destroy the appetite. He reminds Romeo to practice moderation in love. TRAGEDY Consider what you know about Shakespearean tragedy. Do you think Romeo will take the advice Friar Laurence gives him in lines 9 15? Explain A lover... vanity: A lover can walk across a spider s web (gossamer) without falling. 23 as much to him: I give the same greeting to Romeo that he offers to me if the measure... encounter: If you are as happy as I am and have more skill to proclaim it, then sweeten the air by singing of our happiness to the world Conceit... ornament: True understanding (conceit) needs no words. Targeted Passage RL 4 PARADOX A paradox is a seemingly contradictory statement that nevertheless expresses a truth. How is the thought expressed by Friar Laurence in line 37 a paradox? Be sure to explain the truth that his statement reveals. act two wrap up READ WITH A PURPOSE Now that students have finished reading the selection, have them discuss the foundations of the lovers relationship: is it strong enough to withstand setbacks? Possible answer: No; they are too young and immature to survive the problems they will face. CRITIQUE Ask students what aspects of the play they have found to be the most realistic and why. Then ask them what aspects of the play they have found the most difficult to believe or imagine. Have them provide examples to explain their responses unit 10: shakespearean drama differentiated instruction 4 Targeted Passage [Lines 24 37] This passage presents the moment before the wedding (which takes place offstage). How does Romeo want Juliet to express her joy? (lines 26 29) What does Juliet say she cannot sum up? Why? (lines 33 34) According to Friar Laurence, what power will join Romeo and Juliet? Why is this an important statement? (line 37) 1086 unit 10: shakespearean drama