ECM and E 2 CM performance under bursty traffic. Cyriel Minkenberg & Mitch Gusat IBM Research GmbH, Zurich April 26, 2007
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1 ECM and E 2 CM performance under bursty traffic Cyriel Minkenberg & Mitch Gusat IBM Research GmbH, Zurich April 26, 2007
2 Target Study Output-Generated (OG) single hop congestion with bursty injection processes Conditions, parameters, simulation environment Traffic Non-Pareto temporal source injection burstiness: i.i.d. bursty arrivals geometrically distributed burst size around mean B = [1.2, 12, 48, 120] us LL-FC: runs with and w/o PAUSE CM: none, ECM and E 2 CM Metrics: TP aggr, TP hot, Q hot, frame drops for details see the fine print page IBM Research GmbH, Zurich 2
3 Output-Generated Single-Hop Hotspot Node 2 85% N= 16 Core Switch Service rate = 10% 85% Node 1 Node N 85% All nodes: Uniform destination distribution, load = 85% (8.5 Gb/s) Node 1 service rate = 10% One congestion point Hotspot degree = N-1 All flows affected IBM Research GmbH, Zurich 3
4 Simulation Setup & Parameters The fine print Traffic I.i.d. Bursty arrivals, geometrically distributed burst size around mean B B = [1.2, 12, 48, 120] us Uniform destination distribution (to all nodes except self) Fixed frame size = 1500 B Scenario 1. Single-hop output-generated hotspot Switch N = 16 M = 300 KB/port Partitioned memory per input, shared among all outputs No limit on per-output memory usage PAUSE enabled or disabled Applied on a per input basis based on local high/low watermarks watermark high = 260 KB watermark low = 230 KB If disabled, frames dropped when input partition full Adapter Per-node virtual output queuing, round-robin scheduling No limit on number of rate limiters Ingress buffer size = 1500 KB, partitioned across VOQs, per-flow selective source quench used when VOQ full, round-robin VOQ service Egress buffer size = 150 KB PAUSE enabled watermark high = 150 rtt*bw KB watermark low = watermark high -10 KB ECM W = 2.0 Q eq = 75 KB (= M/4) G d = 0.5 / ((2*W+1)*Q eq ) G i0 = (R link / R unit ) * ((2*W+1)*Q eq ) G i = 0.1 * G i0 P sample = 2% (on average 1 sample every 75 KB R unit = R min = 1 Mb/s BCN_MAX enabled, threshold = 260 KB No BCN(0,0), no self-increase E 2 CM (per-flow) W = 2.0 Q eq,flow = 15 KB G d, flow = 0.5 / ((2*W+1)*Q eq,flow ) G i, flow = * (R link / R unit ) / ((2*W+1)*Q eq,flow ) P sample = 2% (on average 1 sample every 75 KB) R unit = R min = 1 Mb/s BCN_MAX enabled, threshold = 52 KB IBM Research GmbH, Zurich 4
5 Aggregate throughput - PAUSE disabled Mean burst size = 1.2 us Mean burst size = 12 us Mean burst size = 48 us Mean burst size = 120 us IBM Research GmbH, Zurich 5
6 Aggregate throughput PAUSE enabled Mean burst size = 1.2 us Mean burst size = 12 us Mean burst size = 48 us Mean burst size = 120 us IBM Research GmbH, Zurich 6
7 Hot port throughput - PAUSE disabled Mean burst size = 1.2 us Mean burst size = 12 us Mean burst size = 48 us Mean burst size = 120 us IBM Research GmbH, Zurich 7
8 Hot port throughput PAUSE enabled Mean burst size = 1.2 us Mean burst size = 12 us Mean burst size = 48 us Mean burst size = 120 us IBM Research GmbH, Zurich 8
9 Hot queue length - PAUSE disabled Mean burst size = 1.2 us Mean burst size = 12 us Mean burst size = 48 us Mean burst size = 120 us IBM Research GmbH, Zurich 9
10 Hot queue length PAUSE enabled Mean burst size = 1.2 us Mean burst size = 12 us Mean burst size = 48 us Mean burst size = 120 us IBM Research GmbH, Zurich 10
11 Frame drops (PAUSE disabled) Number of frames dropped No CM ECM E2CM Congestion Management Scheme IBM Research GmbH, Zurich 11
12 Conclusions to Bursty OG For high burstiness CM improves aggregate throughput even w/o hotspot (no PAUSE) Difficulty (of control) is proportional to 1/B As mean burst size increases Aggregate throughput recovers faster Queue stabilizes more quickly (1 st overshoot) Frame drops are fewer (w/o PAUSE) except a sweet-spot anomaly at b=48 for E2CM Future work: FCT metric Not trivial to generate standard workload and use standard measurements... Using trace-based simulation? IBM Research GmbH, Zurich 12
13 ECM and E 2 CM performance in large switch configurations Single-Hop High Degree Hotspot Cyriel Minkenberg & Mitch Gusat IBM Research GmbH, Zurich April 26, 2007
14 Targets 1. Study Output-Generated (OG) single-hop scenario with high hotspot degree (HSD) congestion 2. First look at E 2 CM with continuous probing (Pat s suggestion in sim adhoc call April 12 th ) Conditions, parameters, simulation environment Traffic i.i.d. Bernoulli arrivals LL-FC: runs with and w/o PAUSE CM: No CM, ECM, E 2 CM, E 2 CM-CP Metrics: TP aggr, TP hot, Q hot, frame drops for details see the fine print page IBM Research GmbH, Zurich 14
15 Output-Generated Single-Hop High HSD Node 2 85% N= {16,32,64,128,256} Core Switch Service rate = 10% 85% Node 1 Node N 85% All nodes: Uniform destination distribution, load = 85% (8.5 Gb/s) Node 1 service rate = 10% One congestion point Hotspot degree = N-1 All flows affected IBM Research GmbH, Zurich 15
16 Simulation Setup & Parameters (same as before) Traffic I.i.d. Bernoulli arrivals, geometrically distributed burst size around mean B Uniform destination distribution (to all nodes except self) Fixed frame size = 1500 B Scenario 1. Single-hop output-generated hotspot Switch Radix N = [16, 32, 64, 128, 256] M = 300 KB/port Partitioned memory per input, shared among all outputs No limit on per-output memory usage PAUSE enabled or disabled Applied on a per input basis based on local high/low watermarks watermark high = 260 KB watermark low = 230 KB If disabled, frames dropped when input partition full E 2 CM-CP = E 2 CM with continuous probing, i.e., probing is always active Adapter Per-node virtual output queuing, round-robin scheduling No limit on number of rate limiters Ingress buffer size = 1500 KB, partitioned across VOQs, per-flow selective source quench used when VOQ full, round-robin VOQ service Egress buffer size = 150 KB PAUSE enabled watermark high = 150 rtt*bw KB watermark low = watermark high -10 KB ECM W = 2.0 Q eq = 75 KB (= M/4) G d = 0.5 / ((2*W+1)*Q eq ) G i0 = (R link / R unit ) * ((2*W+1)*Q eq ) G i = 0.1 * G i0 P sample = 2% (on average 1 sample every 75 KB R unit = R min = 1 Mb/s BCN_MAX enabled, threshold = 260 KB No BCN(0,0), no self-increase E 2 CM (per-flow) W = 2.0 Q eq,flow = 15 KB G d, flow = 0.5 / ((2*W+1)*Q eq,flow ) G i, flow = * (R link / R unit ) / ((2*W+1)*Q eq,flow ) P sample = 2% (on average 1 sample every 75 KB) R unit = R min = 1 Mb/s BCN_MAX enabled, threshold = 52 KB IBM Research GmbH, Zurich 16
17 Aggregate throughput - PAUSE disabled ECM E 2 CM E 2 CM-CP No CM IBM Research GmbH, Zurich 17
18 Aggregate throughput PAUSE enabled ECM E 2 CM E 2 CM-CP No CM IBM Research GmbH, Zurich 18
19 Hot port throughput - PAUSE disabled ECM E 2 CM E 2 CM-CP No CM IBM Research GmbH, Zurich 19
20 Hot port throughput PAUSE enabled ECM E 2 CM E 2 CM-CP No CM IBM Research GmbH, Zurich 20
21 Hot queue length - PAUSE disabled ECM E 2 CM E 2 CM-CP No CM IBM Research GmbH, Zurich 21
22 Hot queue length PAUSE enabled ECM E 2 CM E 2 CM-CP No CM IBM Research GmbH, Zurich 22
23 Frame drops (PAUSE disabled) Number of frames dropped No CM ECM E2CM E2CM-CP Congestion Management Scheme IBM Research GmbH, Zurich 23
24 Simulation duration per run Simulation duration (minutes) Number of nodes Number of nodes doubles simulation time triples IBM Research GmbH, Zurich 24
25 Conclusions on High-HSD OG: A Corner Case? Recovery duration drastically increases with HSD With 256 nodes, recovery exceeds hotspot duration (400 ms) in all cases PAUSE makes no substantial difference, except that accumulated backlog for cold ports causes overshoot when used E 2 CM with continuous probing performs (for this scenario) better than both baselines Persistent high HSD requires parameter tuning Is this really a common case to be worried about or rather a corner case? Higher decrease gains? Currently also testing use of BCN(0,0), as BCN_MAX does not result in sufficiently fast throttling IBM Research GmbH, Zurich 25
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