Genres and Techniques of Literature

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Genres and Techniques of Literature"

Brent Holmes
6 years ago
Views:

1 T ABLE OF C ONTENTS PART ONE Understanding Literature UNIT 1 Genres and Techniques of Literature THE ORAL TRADITION 4 Anonymous Robin Hood and Allen a Dale BALLAD 6 POETRY 14 T. S. Eliot The Naming of Cats POEM 22 FICTION 27 D. H. Lawrence The Rocking-Horse Winner SHORT STORY 32 DRAMA 47 Lady Augusta Gregory The Rising of the Moon PLAY 51 NONFICTION 62 Queen Elizabeth I Speech to the Troops at Tilbury, August, 1588 SPEECH 66 GUIDED WRITING 70 Informative Writing: Writing a Book Review LANGUAGE, GRAMMAR, AND STYLE: Effective Paragraphs UNIT REVIEW 78 REFLECTING ON YOUR READING 78 PART TWO The English Tradition Saint Bede the Venerable UNIT 2 The Anglo-Saxon Period ( ) INTRODUCTION: Historical Background 84 ECHOES: Quotations on Ancient and Anglo-Saxon England 89 from Ecclesiastical History of the English People, The Conversion of King Edwin HISTORY 90 The Story of Caedmon, including Caedmon s Hymn HISTORY/POEM 95 Anonymous, translated by The Wife s Lament LYRIC POEM 101 Marcelle Thiébaux Anonymous, translated by Anglo-Saxon Riddles RIDDLES 107 George K. Anderson Anonymous from Beowulf, verse translation by Burton Raffel HEROIC EPIC 112 Anonymous from The Seafarer, translated by George K. Anderson LYRIC POETRY 144 Wulf and Eadwacer, translated by Marcelle Thiébaux 144 v

THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE: ORIGINS 145 GUIDED WRITING 149 Imaginative Writing: Creating a Narrative Poem LANGUAGE, GRAMMAR AND STYLE: Working with Meter in Poetry UNIT REVIEW 156

2 THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE: ORIGINS 145 GUIDED WRITING 149 Imaginative Writing: Creating a Narrative Poem LANGUAGE, GRAMMAR AND STYLE: Working with Meter in Poetry UNIT REVIEW 156 REFLECTING ON YOUR READING 157 UNIT 3 The Medieval Period ( ) INTRODUCTION: Historical Background 160 ECHOES: Quotations on Medieval England 167 Anonymous Sir Patrick Spens BALLADS 168 The Great Silkie of Shule Skerrie 171 Anonymous Ubi Sunt Qui ante Nos Fuerunt? LYRIC POETRY 175 I Sing of a Maiden 179 Marie de France, translated by The Honeysuckle: Chevrefoil ROMANCE 182 Marcelle Thiébaux The Pearl Poet, translated by from Sir Gawain and the Green Knight ROMANCE 187 Y. R. Ponsor Sir Thomas Malory from Le Morte d Arthur ROMANCE 200 Margery Kempe from The Book of Margery Kempe AUTOBIOGRAPHY 211 Geoffrey Chaucer from The Canterbury Tales, Modern English translation by Nevill Coghill The Prologue FRAME TALES 216 The Pardoner s Tale 236 Anonymous from Everyman MORALITY PLAY 243 Miguel de Cervantes (Spain) : LITERATURE OF ROMANCE from The Ingenious Hidalgo Don Quixote de la Mancha, translated by Walter Starkie MOCK EPIC 254 The Idlers, c Maurice Prendergast. Anonymous Western Wind LYRIC POEM 262 I Am of Ireland LYRIC POEM 262 The Bonny Earl of Murray BALLAD 262 The Twa Corbies BALLAD 262 Bonny Barbara Allan BALLAD 262 The Wife of Usher s Well BALLAD 262 THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE: MIDDLE ENGLISH 264 GUIDED WRITING 268 Expressive Writing: Writing a Parable LANGUAGE, GRAMMAR, AND STYLE: Using Verb Tenses vi

3 UNIT REVIEW 276 REFLECTING ON YOUR READING 277 UNIT 4 The English Renaissance ( ) INTRODUCTION: Historical Background 280 ECHOES: Quotations on Renaissance England 287 RENAISSANCE POETRY Sir Thomas Wyatt Whoso List to Hunt LYRIC POEM 288 Sir Philip Sidney Sonnet 31 ( With how sad steps... ) from Astrophil and Stella SONNET 292 Edmund Spenser from The Faerie Queen EPIC ROMANCE 296 Christopher Marlowe The Passionate Shepherd to His Love LYRIC POEM 301 Sir Walter Raleigh The Nymph s Reply to the Shepherd LYRIC POEM 306 Queen Elizabeth I The Doubt of Future Foes LYRIC POEM 310 Thomas Campion When Thou Must Home to Shades of Underground LYRIC POEM 314 William Shakespeare Sonnet 18 ( Shall I compare thee... ) SONNET 318 Sonnet 29 ( When, in disgrace... ) SONNET 321 Sonnet 130 ( My mistress eyes... ) SONNET 323 Ben Jonson Song, to Celia LYRIC POEM 326 The King James Bible from Ecclesiastes, Chapter 3, Verses 1 8 LYRIC POEM 330 RENAISSANCE PROSE Sir Thomas More from Utopia, Book 2 The Geography of Utopia ESSAY 334 Their Gold and Silver ESSAY 337 Petrarch (Italy) from the Canzoniere 342 Sonnet 1 ( O ye who in these scattered rhymes... ), translated by Thomas Bergin SONNET 343 Sonnet 47 ( Blest be the day... ), translated by Francis Wrangham SONNET 344 Sonnet 54 ( I grow a-weary... ), translated by Thomas Bergin SONNET 345 Edmund Spenser Sonnet 75 ( One day I wrote her name... ), from Amoretti SONNET 348 William Shakespeare Sonnet 30 ( When to the sessions... ) SONNET 348 Sonnet 73 ( That time of year... ) SONNET 348 Aemilia Lanyer Eve s Apology in Defense of Women, from Salve Deus Rex Judaeorum LYRIC POEM 348 Thomas Campion Jack and Joan LYRIC POEM 349 Thomas Nashe A Litany in Time of Plague LYRIC POEM 350 vii

The King James Bible Psalm 23 PSALM 350 Matthew 13, The Parable of the Sower PARABLE 350 1 Corinthians 13 NEW TESTAMENT VERSES 351 THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE: MODERN ENGLISH 352 GUIDED

4 The King James Bible Psalm 23 PSALM 350 Matthew 13, The Parable of the Sower PARABLE Corinthians 13 NEW TESTAMENT VERSES 351 THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE: MODERN ENGLISH 352 GUIDED WRITING 355 Expressive Writing: Constructing a Utopia LANGUAGE, GRAMMAR, AND STYLE: Precise and Colorful Language UNIT REVIEW 362 REFLECTING ON YOUR READING 362 UNIT 5 Renaissance Drama ( ) INTRODUCTION: Historical Background 366 ECHOES: Quotations from Shakespeare on Theater 373 William Shakespeare The Tragedy of Macbeth DRAMA 374 Christopher Marlowe from The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus DRAMA 464 Confucius (China) from The Analects, translated by Arthur Waley APHORISMS 474 William Shakespeare 477 Monologues and Soliloquies from The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark act 1, scene 3 ( And these few precepts... ) DRAMA 477 act 3, scene 1 ( To be, or not to be... ) 477 act 3, scene 2 ( Speak the speech, I pray you... ) 477 from The Tragedy of King Richard the Second, act 2, scene 1 ( Methinks I am a prophet... ) 478 act 3, scene 2 ( Let s talk of graves... ) 479 from The Merchant of Venice, act 4, scene 1 ( The quality of mercy... ) 479 from The Tempest, act 4, scene 1 ( Our revels now are ended... ) 479 GUIDED WRITING 480 Imaginative Writing: Writing a Short Story LANGUAGE, GRAMMAR, AND STYLE: Effective Dialogue UNIT REVIEW 486 REFLECTING ON YOUR READING 487 Saint George and the Dragon, c Paolo Uccello. viii

5 UNIT 6 The Early Seventeenth Century ( ) INTRODUCTION: Historical Background 490 ECHOES: Quotations on the Early Seventeenth Century 495 THE METAPHYSICAL POETS John Donne Song ( Go and catch a falling star... ) LYRIC POEM 496 Holy Sonnet 10 ( Death, be not proud... ) SONNET 500 Meditation 17 ( Perchance he for whom this bell tolls... ) ESSAY 502 George Herbert Easter Wings LYRIC POEM 507 THE PURITANS John Milton from Paradise Lost EPIC POEM 511 On His Blindness LYRIC POEM 521 John Bunyan from The Pilgrim s Progress NOVEL EXCERPT 524 THE CAVALIER POETS Richard Lovelace To Althea, from Prison LYRIC POEM 533 Andrew Marvell To His Coy Mistress LYRIC POEM 538 Omar Khayyám (Persia) from The Rubáiyát, translated by Edward FitzGerald LYRIC POEM 544 John Donne The Indifferent LYRIC POETRY 550 John Milton from Areopagitica 550 Lady Mary Wroth Sonnet 77 ( In this strange labyrinth... ) 550 Katherine Philips To Mrs. M. A. at Parting 551 Andrew Marvell The Garden 551 Sir John Suckling Song ( Why so pale and wan... ) 552 Robert Herrick Corinna s Going A-Maying 552 Richard Lovelace To Lucasta, Going to the Wars 552 GUIDED WRITING 554 Informative Writing: Writing a Résumé and Application letter LANGUAGE, GRAMMAR, AND STYLE: Action Verbs UNIT REVIEW 562 REFLECTING ON YOUR READING 562 UNIT 7 The Restoration and the Eighteenth Century ( ) INTRODUCTION: Historical Background 566 ECHOES: Quotations on Eighteenth-Century England 571 Anne Finch The Introduction LYRIC POEM 572 John Dryden A Song for St. Cecilia s Day LYRIC POEM 578 Charlotte Smith Pressed by the Moon, Mute Arbitress of Tides LYRIC POEM 584 ix

6 Samuel Pepys from The Diary of Samuel Pepys DIARY 588 Jonathan Swift from Gulliver s Travels, from A Voyage to Lilliput NOVEL EXCERPT 598 from A Voyage to Brobdingnag NOVEL EXCERPT 602 Aphra Behn from Oroonoko NOVEL EXCERPT 607 Alexander Pope Couplets from An Essay on Criticism APHORISMS 614 Samuel Johnson from A Dictionary of the English Language DICTIONARY 619 A Brief to Free a Slave BRIEF 623 James Boswell from The Life of Samuel Johnson, LL. D. BIOGRAPHY 627 François Marie Arouet from Candide NOVELLA 634 de Voltaire (France) Margaret Cavendish To All Writing Ladies ESSAY 642 John Dryden Epigram on Milton APHORISMS 642 Aphra Behn Love Armed LYRIC POEM 642 Alexander Pope from An Essay on Man BALLAD 643 Lady Mary Wortley Montagu The Lover: A Ballad LYRIC POEM 643 Jonathan Swift A Modest Proposal ESSAY 643 Joseph Addison from The Spectator, No. 62, Friday, March 11, 1711 ESSAY 647 Samuel Johnson A Short Song of Congratulation LYRIC POEM 648 GUIDED WRITING 649 Persuasive Writing: Composing Prose Satire LANGUAGE, GRAMMAR, AND STYLE: Register and Tone UNIT REVIEW 656 REFLECTING ON YOUR READING 657 UNIT 8 The Romantic Era ( ) INTRODUCTION: Historical Background 660 ECHOES: Quotations on The Romantic Era 663 PRE-ROMANTIC POETRY Thomas Gray Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard LYRIC POEM 664 Robert Burns Auld Lang Syne BALLAD 673 John Anderson, My Jo BALLAD 676 William Blake The Lamb LYRIC POEM 680 The Tyger LYRIC POEM 682 London LYRIC POEM 685 ROMANTIC POETRY William Wordsworth from Preface to Lyrical Ballads ESSAY 689 The World Is Too Much with Us LYRIC POEM 694 Lines Composed a Few Miles above Tintern Abbey LYRIC POEM 696 x

Samuel Taylor Coleridge Kubla Khan LYRIC POEM 704 Percy Bysshe Shelley Ozymandias LYRIC POEM 710 Ode to the West Wind LYRIC POEM 714 George Gordon, Lord Byron She Walks in Beauty LYRIC POEM 720 from

7 Samuel Taylor Coleridge Kubla Khan LYRIC POEM 704 Percy Bysshe Shelley Ozymandias LYRIC POEM 710 Ode to the West Wind LYRIC POEM 714 George Gordon, Lord Byron She Walks in Beauty LYRIC POEM 720 from Childe Harold s Pilgrimage LYRIC POEM 724 John Keats When I Have Fears LYRIC POEM 728 Ode on a Grecian Urn LYRIC POEM 731 ROMANTIC ERA PROSE Mary Wollstonecraft from A Vindication of the Rights of Woman ESSAY 736 Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley from the Introduction to Frankenstein ESSAY 742 Matsuo Bashō (Japan) Poems from The Narrow Road to the Deep North and Other Travel Sketches, translated by Nobuyuki Yuasa HAIKU 749 William Wordsworth She Dwelt among the Untrodden Ways LYRIC POEM 753 Walter Savage Landor Dirce LYRIC POEM 753 Thomas Moore The Harp That Once through Tara s Halls LYRIC POEM 753 Felicia Dorothea Hemans Casabianca LYRIC POEM 753 William Hazlitt from Macbeth ESSAY 754 GUIDED WRITING 756 Informative Writing: Writing a Research Paper LANGUAGE, GRAMMAR, AND STYLE: Effective Documentation UNIT REVIEW 764 REFLECTING ON YOUR READING 765 UNIT 9 The Victorian Age ( ) Rest on the Flight to Egypt, Luc Olivier Merson. INTRODUCTION: Historical Background 768 ECHOES: Quotations on Victorian England 775 VICTORIAN POETRY Alfred, Lord Tennyson The Lady of Shalott NARRATIVE POEM 776 Ulysses DRAMATIC POEM 784 from In Memoriam LYRIC POEM 789 Robert Browning My Last Duchess DRAMATIC POEM 799 Andrea del Sarto DRAMATIC POEM 803 Matthew Arnold Dover Beach LYRIC POEM 813 Thomas Hardy The Man He Killed LYRIC POEM 819 Channel Firing LYRIC POEM 821 The Darkling Thrush LYRIC POEM 824 Elizabeth Barrett Browning Sonnet 43 ( How do I love thee... ), from Sonnets from the Portuguese LYRIC POEM 828 xi

8 Gerard Manley Hopkins Pied Beauty LYRIC POEM 832 God s Grandeur LYRIC POEM 835 Spring and Fall: To a Young Child LYRIC POEM 837 Christina Rossetti Promises Like Pie-Crust LYRIC POEM 840 A Birthday LYRIC POEM 843 A. E. Housman To an Athlete Dying Young LYRIC POEM 847 VICTORIAN PROSE Charles Dickens The Signalman SHORT STORY 850 Lewis Carroll from Through the Looking Glass NOVEL EXCERPT 863 Gustave Flaubert (France) from Madame Bovary NOVEL EXCERPT 873 Alfred, Lord Tennyson Flower in the Crannied Wall LYRIC POEM 882 A. E. Housman When I Was One-and-Twenty LYRIC POEM 882 Loveliest of Trees LYRIC POEM 882 Emily Brontë The Night Is Darkening LYRIC POEM 882 John Stuart Mill from The Subjection of Women ESSAY 882 John Ruskin The Slave Ship, from Modern Painters ESSAY 883 GUIDED WRITING 884 Informative Writing: Analyzing Art LANGUAGE, GRAMMAR, AND STYLE: Effective Transitions UNIT REVIEW 890 REFLECTING ON YOUR READING 891 UNIT 10 Twentieth-Century to Contemporary Poetry (1900 present) INTRODUCTION: Historical Background 894 ECHOES: Quotations on Twentieth-Century to Contemporary Poetry 905 William Butler Yeats The Lake Isle of Innisfree LYRIC POEM 906 Adam s Curse LYRIC POEM 909 The Second Coming LYRIC POEM 912 T. S. Eliot Preludes LYRIC POEM 916 D. H. Lawrence Snake LYRIC POEM 921 Rupert Brooke The Soldier LYRIC POEM 928 Wilfred Owen Dulce et Decorum Est LYRIC POEM 932 Stephen Spender Rough LYRIC POEM 937 Dylan Thomas Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night LYRIC POEM 941 W. H. Auden Who s Who LYRIC POEM 945 Musée des Beaux Arts LYRIC POEM 948 xii

Stevie Smith Not Waving but Drowning LYRIC POEM 952 Ted Hughes Thistles LYRIC POEM 956 Seamus Heaney Follower LYRIC POEM 960 A Call LYRIC POEM 963 Margaret Atwood Bread PROSE POEM 966 Judith Wright

9 Stevie Smith Not Waving but Drowning LYRIC POEM 952 Ted Hughes Thistles LYRIC POEM 956 Seamus Heaney Follower LYRIC POEM 960 A Call LYRIC POEM 963 Margaret Atwood Bread PROSE POEM 966 Judith Wright Naked Girl and Mirror LYRIC POEM 971 Derek Walcott (St. Lucia) Map of the New World LYRIC POEM 977 GUIDED WRITING 980 Informative Writing: Writing a Poetry Explication LANGUAGE, GRAMMAR, AND STYLE: Effective Titles UNIT REVIEW 988 REFLECTING ON YOUR READING 989 UNIT 11 Twentieth-Century to Contemporary Prose (1900 present) ECHOES: Quotations on Twentieth-Century to Contemporary Prose 992 Virginia Woolf from A Room of One s Own ESSAY 993 James Joyce from A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man NOVEL EXCERPT 1000 George Orwell Shooting an Elephant ESSAY 1010 Katherine Mansfield The Garden-Party SHORT STORY 1019 Joseph Conrad The Lagoon SHORT STORY 1033 Jean Rhys Heat SHORT STORY 1046 Doris Lessing A Sunrise on the Veld SHORT STORY 1051 Alice Munro Red Dress 1946 SHORT STORY 1061 Frank McCourt from Angela s Ashes MEMOIR 1073 Kamala Markandaya (India) from Nectar in a Sieve NOVEL EXCERPT 1082 GUIDED WRITING 1089 Personal Writing: Analyzing the Media LANGUAGE, GRAMMAR, AND STYLE: Dialogue UNIT REVIEW 1094 REFLECTING ON YOUR READING 1095 Interior with a Table, Vanessa Bell. Tate Gallery, London. xiii

10 UNIT 12 Twentieth-Century to Contemporary Drama (1900 present) INTRODUCTION: Historical Background 1098 ECHOES: Quotations on Twentieth-Century to Contemporary Drama 1099 Bernard Shaw Pygmalion DRAMA 1100 Ovid (Italy) The Story of Pygmalion, from the Metamorphoses, retold by Sara Hyry MYTH 1167 GUIDED WRITING 1171 Persuasive Writing: Reviewing a Film or Play LANGUAGE, GRAMMAR, AND STYLE: Writing Introductory Paragraphs UNIT REVIEW 1180 REFLECTING ON YOUR READING 1181 PART THREE Language Arts Survey A Handbook of Essential Skills 1 READING RESOURCE 1184 Introduction to Reading 1184 Reading for Experience 1184 Reading to Learn 1186 Reading for Information 1188 Developing Your Vocabulary WRITING RESOURCE 1194 Introduction to Writing 1194 Understanding the Writing Process 1195 Gathering Ideas 1198 Organizing Ideas LANGUAGE, GRAMMAR, AND STYLE RESOURCE Language Handbook 1214 Grammar Handbook 1216 Subjects and Verbs: Problem Constructions 1223 Writer s Workshop: Building Effective Sentences 1225 Editing for Grammar and Usage Errors 1228 Parts of Speech Summary 1233 Style Handbook SPEAKING AND LISTENING RESOURCE 1249 The Power of Communication 1249 Listening Skills 1250 Communicating with Others 1253 Communication Styles and Cultural Barriers 1255 Public Speaking STUDY AND RESEARCH RESOURCE 1264 Thinking Skills 1264 Study Skills 1269 Research Skills 1270 Test-Taking Skills APPLIED ENGLISH RESOURCE 1286 The Importance of Applied English 1286 HANDBOOK OF LITERARY TERMS 1295 GLOSSARY OF WORDS FOR EVERYDAY USE 1329 INDEX OF TITLES AND AUTHORS 1335 INDEX OF INTERNET SITES 1338 INDEX OF SKILLS 1339 INDEX OF FINE ART 1347 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 1349 xiv

Unit 05: Centuries of Literature

Unit 05: Centuries of Literature Content Area: English Course(s): English 4 Time Period: Marking Period 3 Length: 5 weeks Status: Published Unit Introduction Our study of four centuries of literature will