英文不規則動詞時態變化總整理 -Part I

Transcription

1 英文不規則動詞時態變化總整理 -Part I Editor : C H WU ㆔者皆不同 /a/i/u/ -> o -> o?en awake awoke / awakened awoken wake woke woken freeze froze frozen break broke broken steal stole stolen speak spoke spoken choose chose chosen weave wove woven i -> o -> i?en arise arose arisen rise rose risen hide hid hidden / hid ride rode ridden stride strode stridden drive drove driven strive strove / strived striven / strived smite smote smitten write wrote written /o/ -> ew - >a/o+wn draw drew drawn blow blew blown grow grew grown know knew known throw threw thrown /I/ -> a -> u begin began begun ring rang rung sing sang sung sink sank sunk drink drank drunk shrink shrank / shrunk shrunk spring sprang / sprung* sprung swim swam swum show showed shown mow mowed mown / mowed saw sawed sawn / sawed sew sewed sewn / sewed sow sowed sown / sowed strew strewed strewn / strewed shear sheared shore / sheared swell swelled swollen / swelled 不規則 dive dived / dove* dived do did done eat ate eaten take took taken forsake forsook forsaken partake partook partaken 1

2 shake shook shaken fall fell fallen bear bore borne give gave given see saw seen fly flew flown abide abided / abode abided thrive throve / thrived thrived go went gone lie lay lain 後㆓者相同 /i/ -> e?t creep crept crept keep kept kept sleep slept slept sweep swept swept weep wept wept feel felt felt kneel knelt / kneeled* knelt / kneeled* /ait/ -> /It/ bite bit bit / bitten light lit / lighted lit / lighted spotlight spotlit / spotlighted spotlit / spotlighted l/m/n -> +t deal dealt dealt dream dreamt / dreamed dreamt / dreamed lean leant / leaned* leant / leaned* learn learnt / learned* learnt / learned* mean meant meant leap leapt / leaped* leapt / leaped* burn burnt / burned burnt / burned spoil spoilt / spoiled spoilt / spoiled ll -> lt dwell dwelt / dwelled dwelt / dwelled smell smelt / smelled* smelt / smelled* spell spelt / spelled* spelt / spelled* spill spilt / spilled* spilt / spilled* end -> ent bend bent bent lend lent lent rend rent rent send sent sent spend spent spent ought/aught beseech besought / beseeched besought / beseeched buy bought bought fight fought fought think thought thought seek sought sought wreak wrought / wreaked wrought / wreaked catch caught caught teach taught taught ay -> aid lay laid laid pay paid paid 2

3 say said said gainsay gainsaid gainsaid /el/ -> old sell sold sold tell told told /i/ -> e bleed bled bled feed fed fed spoon-feed spoon-fed spoon-fed speed sped sped lead led led meet met met ear -> ore tear tore torn wear wore worn swear swore sworn ind -> ound bind bound bound find found found grind ground ground wind wound wound ing -> ung cling clung clung fling flung flung sling slung slung sting stung stung string strung strung hamstring hamstrung / hamstring hamstrung / hamstringed wring wrung wrung swing swung swung in -> un/on spin span / spun spun slink slunk slunk stink stunk / stank stunk win won won shine shone shone i -> a/u sit sat sat spit spat / spit* spat / spit* dig dug dug stick stuck stuck strike struck struck e -> o get got got o -> e hold held held eave -> eft leave left left bereave bereft / bereaved bereft / bereaved cleave cleft / clove / cleaved cleft / cloven / cleaved ide -> id chide chid / chided chid / chided slide slid slid 不規則 bless blest / blessed blest / blessed flee fled fled gird girt / girded girt / girded have had had hang hung / hanged hung / hanged hear heard heard heave hove / heaved hove / heaved tread trod trod 3

4 build built built lose lost lost make made made plead pleaded / pled* pleaded / pled* prove proved proved / proven* shoe shod shod slay slew slain shoot shot shot stand stood stood wet wetted / wet* wetted / wet* 其他前㆓者相同 beat beat beaten browbeat browbeat browbeaten 首尾相同 come came come run ran run ㆔者相同 bet bet / betted bet / betted bid bid / bade bid / bidden burst burst burst bust bust / busted* bust / busted* cast cast cast broadcast broadcast broadcast cost cost cost cut cut cut hit hit hit hurt hurt hurt knit knit / knitted knit / knitted let let let put put put read read read proofread proofread proofread spread spread spread set set set slit slit slit shed shed shed shit shit / shat shit / shat shut shut shut split split split rid rid / ridded rid / ridded shut shut shut split split split thrust thrust thrust wed wed / wedded wed / wedded 字首衍生字 be- become became become befall befell befallen beget begot begotten behold beheld beheld 4

5 beset beset beset bestride bestrode bestridden betake betook betaken for- forbid forbad / forbade forbidden forget forgot forgotten forgive forgave forgiven forswear forswore forsworn fore- forecast forecast forecast forego forewent foregone foresee foresaw foresaw foretell foretold foretold in- input input / inputted input / inputted inset inset / insetted inset / insetted inter- interbreed interbred interbred interweave interwove interwoven mis- miscast miscast miscast mishear misheard misheard mislay mislaid mislaid mislead misled misled misread misread misread misspell misspelt / misspelled misspelt / misspelled misspend misspent misspent mistake mistook mistaken misunderstand misunderstood misunderstood over- overbear overbore overborne overcast overcast overcast overcome overcame overcome overdo overdid overdone overdraw overdrew overdrawn overeat overate overeaten overhang overhung overhung overhear overheard overheard overlay overlaid overlaid overload overloaded overloaded / overladen overpay overpaid overpaid override overrode overridden overrun overran overrun oversee oversaw overseen oversell oversold oversold overshoot overshot overshot oversleep overslept overslept overtake overtook overtaken overthrow overthrew overthrown out- outbid outbid outbid outdo outdid outdone outgrow outgrew outgrown outride outrode outridden outrun outran outrun outsell outsold outsold outshine outshone outshone 5

6 pre- pre-set pre-set pre-set re- rebind rebound rebound rebuild rebuilt rebuilt recast recast recast redo redid redone relay relaid relaid remake remade remade repay repaid repaid rerun reran rerun resell resold resold reset reset reset resit resat resat rethink rethought rethought rewind rewound rewound rewrite rewrote rewritten un- unbend unbent unbent unbind unbound unbound undo undid undone unwind unwound unwound under- underlie underlay underlaid undersell undersold undersold understand understood understood undertake undertook undertaken underwrite underwrote underwritten up- uphold upheld upheld upset upset upset with- withdraw withdrew withdrawn withhold withheld withheld withstand withstood withstood *especially in American English Reference 1. Michael Swan, Basic English Usage, 2 nd ed, Oxford University Press, Michael Swan, Practical English Usage, 2 nd ed, Oxford University Press, Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, 3 rd ed, Longman Group Ltd,