Homonyms, Homophones, & Homographs Homonyms are two words that are identical in spelling and pronunciation but have different meanings. whistle (to make noise) and whistle (a noisemaker) jumper (someone jumping) and jumper (a dress) loaf (of bread) and loaf (to be lazy) palm (tree) and palm (of your hand) pen (for writing) and pen (for animals) pool (for swimming) and pool (to combine) Homophones are words that are alike in pronunciation but different in meaning and sometimes spelling. Homographs are words that are alike in spelling but different in meaning and pronunciation. be and bee aunt and ant beat and beat night and knight ad and add pale and pail fish and fish here and hear one and won bass and bass wound and wound object and object Vocabulary Tool 2-13a
Cooking I have known since I was little that I want to become a professional chef. I think I have two qualities that all great chefs have. I like to try new recipes, and I love to eat the new dishes I cook. The challenge of preparing new kinds of food is one of my big motivations. I like trying new ingredients and tasting how their flavors combine. For example, I recently made pasta using fresh tomatoes and basil. It was so delicious! I also enjoy learning new cooking techniques. Last month, I learned how to stir-fry vegetables in a wok. These explorations help me become a better cook. Eating the new meals I prepare is the best part about cooking. It is like a reward for all the hard work I put into preparing a dish. I get to see how everything turned out and sample all the delicious new flavors. I ve discovered new favorite foods, like butternut squash, by cooking them. I love it when friends and family really enjoy something I ve prepared. To celebrate my mother s birthday last week, I made her favorite dish chiles rellenos. It was a lot of work, but I learned how to deep-fry the chiles and prepare the spicy sauce for them. Everyone devoured them! They liked them so much that I know I ll make a great chef. Tool 5-3c
Blocking Out Blocking Out Means: Drawing a picture of the essay or report. Visualizing the length and content of the essay or report. Directions: Create your introductory paragraph. Include a topic sentence or thesis statement and a plan sentence. The key/star ideas in your plan sentence might be stated or might be implied. Draw a rectangle to illustrate each paragraph that will be a part of the report or essay. Jot down a word or phrase in each box that represents the content for that paragraph. Introductor y Paragraph = Topic Sentence + the Plan Example 1 (Stated Plan) If Wishes Came True If I could have anything I wanted, I would make three wishes. My wishes would benefit the world, my family, and, of course, myself. world family myself Example 2 (Implied Plan) If Wishes Came True If I had the chance to make wishes that would come true, I d be delighted and excited. I know exactly how I would spend each wish. world family myself Tool 5-5a
Blocking Out Essays and Reports Example 1 (Stated Plan) Sacrifices If you study Greek mythology, be sure to include the stories of Icarus and Phaethon. These myths are interesting because they are about teenagers, about greed, and about death. teenagers greed death Example 2 (Stated Plan) Ben Franklin Even though Ben Franklin was seventy years old when the American Revolution started, he still had a lot to do with the independence of the colonies. Helping the colonists, informing people of the world about the revolution, and serving on many committees were just some of his important contributions. Example 3 (Implied Plan) Career Choices Choosing a career can be fun, but it is also a challenge. To help you make this important decision, consider some advice from this year s graduating seniors. helping colonists informing people ser ving on committees read inter view volunteer Example 4 (Implied Plan) Historical Insights I usually do not enjoy historical fiction, but Wolf by the Ears was an exception. This compelling novel about Harriet, a slave girl working for Thomas Jefferson, gave me several reasons to pass up other activities and just read. Harriet as a character historical setting the histor y itself (continued) Tool 5-5b
Blocking Out Essays and Reports (continued) Item 1 (Stated Plan) Body Building Entering a body building contest takes more time and dedication than most people realize. Preparation includes strict dieting, hard training, hours of practice posing, and mental composure. Item 2 (Stated Plan) Tom The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is more than just a classic and a great story. In this novel, author Mark Twain makes many important observations about human behavior. He writes about friendship, love, adventure, and life in a small town, through the affairs of a young boy by the name of Tom Sawyer. Item 3 (Stated Plan) Charles Lindbergh Although Charles Lindbergh is sometimes called Lucky Lindy, no one would dare refer to his 1926 flight across the Atlantic as a feat of luck. His successful flight was clearly due to extensive planning, talent as a pilot, and raw courage. Item 4 (Stated Plan) Predictions As I read 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea by Jules Verne, I discovered that Verne produced many ideas for future inventions. He made accurate predictions about airplanes, submarines, guided missiles, and space travel. (continued) Tool 5-5c
Name: Date: Planning Your Presentation Topic: What do you know? How will you connect both sides? What do you want your audience to know? 1. 2. 3. 4. Speeches Tool 8-14a