Pronunciation of final -ed

Pronunciation of final -ed Simple Past Tense The final ed ending has three different pronunciations: /t/, /d/, and /ed/ Final ed is pronounced /t/ after all voiceless sounds. Voiceless sounds are made by pushing air through your mouth; no sound comes from your throat. Examples of voiceless sounds: K, P, S, Ch, Sh, F Look looked look/t/ Clap clapped clap/t/ Miss missed miss/t/ Watch watched watch/t/ Finish finished finish/t/ Final ed is pronounced /d/ after voiced sounds. Voiced sounds come from your throat. Touch your neck when you make a voiced sound, you can feel your voice box vibrate. Examples of voiced sounds: L, V, N, B and all vowel sounds. Smell smelled smell/d/ Save saved save/d/ Clean cleaned clean/d/ Rob robbed rob/d/ Play played play/d/ Final ed is pronounced /ed/ after T, and D sounds. The sound /ed/ adds a whole syllable to a word. Example: Looked look/t/ = one syllable; Needed need/ed/ = two syllables Decide decided decide/ed/ Need needed need/ed/ Want wanted want/ed/ Invite invited invite/ed/ Pronunciation of S, -ES To make a noun plural, a final s or es is added to the noun, e.g. Friend Friends Noun + s: Friends are important Noun + es: I like my classes

A final s or es is added to a present tense verb when the subject is a singular noun, e.g. my father works at a bank. (My father is a singular noun) Verb + s: Mary works at the bank Verb + es: John watches birds Final s is pronounced /s/ after voiceless sounds, as in T, P, and K Seat seats seat/s/ Rope ropes rope/s/ Back backs back/s/ Final s is pronounced /z/ after voiced sounds, as in D, B, G and EE Seed seeds seed/z/ Robe robes robe/z/ Bag bags bag/z/ See sees see/z/ Final s and es are pronounced /ez/ after SH, CH, S, Z, and GE,, DGE. The /ez/ ending adds a syllable. Dish dishes dish/ez/ Catch catches catch/ez/ Kiss kisses kiss/ez/ Mix mixes mix/ez/ Prize prizes prize/ez/ Edge edges edge/ez/ Spelling: Final s / -es Most words (verbs & nouns), add a final s, e.g. sing sings; song songs Final es is added to words ending with SH, -CH, -S, -Z, and X. wash washes watch watches class classes buzz buzzes box boxes For words ending in y: if y is preceded by vowel only s is added, e.g. toy toys; buy buys If y is preceded by a consonant, the y is changed to i and es is added. e.g. baby babies; cry cries

Simple Past Tense just add -ed Match the present and past tense: Fill in the past tense: tick scratch crash boil answer clean look push press pressed looked answered crashed ticked scratched boiled cleaned pushed jump add walk open talk laugh call chew comb knock knocked paint Fill in the correct past tense verb into each sentence: The boy a picture yesterday. The pigs at the joke. The girl the teacher s question. My dad his hair this morning. kick laugh comb answer add It last winter. press My mom Last week at school I the house yesterday. lots of sums. listen paint My brother Last night we the ball. to music. clean snowed

The Pronunciation of Regular Verbs in the Past Exercise 1 Place the verbs into the correct columns below. There are ten answers for each column. allowed flooded mixed visited asked guessed pasted wasted cracked included relaxed washed cried jailed repeated watched damaged killed shaved welcomed decided landed slipped yawned encouraged loved stopped ended missed tasted 1 / d / 2 / t / 3 / id / 1... 2... 3... 4... 5... 6... 7... 8... 9... 10... 1... 2... 3... 4... 5... 6... 7... 8... 9... 10... 1... 2... 3... 4... 5... 6... 7... 8... 9... 10... 2 Complete the rules for the pronunciation of regular verbs in the past. i. When the regular verb ends in a vowel sound or voiced consonant sound (B, G, L, M, N, V, Y and Z), the ed ending is pronounced /... /. ii. When the regular verb ends in an unvoiced consonant sound (K, F,P, SH, TCH or X), the ed ending is pronounced /... /. iii. The ed ending is pronounced /id/ when the verb ends in the consonant sounds /... / and /... /.

Answers /d/ /t/ /id/ 1 allowed 2 cried 3 damaged 4 encouraged 5 jailed 6 killed 7 loved 8 shaved 9 welcomed 10 yawned 1 asked 2 cracked 3 guessed 4 missed 5 mixed 6 relaxed 7 slipped 8 stopped 9 washed 10 watched 1 decided 2 ended 3 flooded 4 included 5 landed 6 pasted 7 repeated 8 lasted 9 visited 10 wasted 2 Complete the rules for pronunciation of regular verbs in the past. i. The ed ending for verbs whose infinitive ends in a vowel sound or voiced consonant (e.g. the letter M) is pronounced /d/. ii. The ed ending for verbs whose infinitive form ends in an unvoiced consonant (e.g. P or F), is pronounced /t/. iii. The ed ending for verbs whose infinitive ends in the letters d and t is pronounced /id/.

Regular Verbs Simple Present, Simple Past and Present Perfect Tenses This is a list of Regular Verbs. These verbs use -ed for the simple past tense and the past participle. The ed ending sounds like /t/ I will read the base form, the simple past tense and the past participle of the verb. Then, I will read the verb in three sentences, a simple present tense sentence, a simple past tense sentence and a present perfect tense sentence. There will be time for you to repeat the verbs and sentences. Try it, it is good practice! Base Past Past Participle Sentences Ask asked asked The teacher asks questions every day. The teacher asked questions yesterday. The teacher has asked questions since class began. Bake baked baked She bakes a cake every week. She baked a cake last night. She has baked a cake every week for many years. Cook cooked cooked I cook dinner every night. I cooked dinner last night. I have cooked dinner every night for two weeks. Cough coughed coughed Abdullahi coughs a lot because he is sick. Abdullahi coughed a lot because he was sick. Abdullahi has coughed a lot for almost a week. Clap clapped clapped The children always clap their hands. The children clapped their hands 10 minutes ago. The children have clapped their hands for 1 minute.

Base Past Past Participle Sentences Dance danced danced Choua dances at parties every month. Choua danced at a party last Saturday. Choua has danced at the party for 2 hours. Dress dressed dressed She dresses her children every morning. She dressed her children in warm clothing last winter. She has dressed her children since they were young. Drop dropped dropped I rarely drop dishes when I wash them. I dropped the glass on the floor last night. I have just dropped the dish on the floor. Erase erased erased The students always erase the blackboard. The students erased the blackboard yesterday. The students have erased the blackboard since last fall. Finish finished finished I usually finish my job at 5pm. I finished my job early today. I have finished my job early all this week. Fix fixed fixed The mechanic fixes cars every day. The mechanic fixed my car last month. The mechanic has fixed 3 cars since 8:00am. Guess guessed guessed I guess a few answers on a test. I guessed some answers on the test yesterday. I have already guessed on the answers for the test.

Base Past Past Participle Sentences Help helped helped The teacher helps me with English every day. The teacher helped me with English last year. The teacher has helped me with English for 1 year. Hope hoped hoped The young man hopes to pass the citizenship test. The young man hoped to pass the citizenship test last year. The young man has hoped to pass the test for 1 month. Kiss kissed kissed The couple always kiss each other. The couple kissed each other 15 minutes ago. The couple has just kissed each other. Laugh laughed laughed They laugh at the comedy show on TV. They laughed at the comedy show last night. They have laughed at the comedy show many times. Lock locked locked I always lock the door when I leave my house. I locked the door when I left my house today. I have locked the door since I moved into that apartment. Look looked looked We always look for cars before crossing the street. We looked for cars before crossing the street yesterday. We have looked for cars since we were children. Mix mixed mixed The baker mixes the flour and sugar every day. The baker mixed the flour and sugar 2 hours ago. The baker has mixed flour and sugar many times.

Base Past Past Participle Sentences Mop mopped mopped The housekeeper mops all the floors. The housekeeper mopped the floors last night. The housekeeper has mopped the floors every day this week. Park parked parked You park your car in the parking lot every day. You parked your car in the parking lot yesterday. You have just parked your car in the parking lot. Pick picked picked They pick flowers from the garden every summer. They picked the flowers from the garden last summer. They have picked flowers since they moved to the U.S. Push pushed pushed I always push the shopping cart in the supermarket. I pushed the cart in the supermarket last Sunday. I have pushed the cart for 2 hours. Shop shopped shopped They shop for new clothes every month. They shopped for new clothes last weekend. They have shopped for new clothes since last week. Smoke smoked smoked The old man smokes cigarettes every day. The old man smoked a cigarette 2 hours ago. The old man has smoked for 25 years. Stop stopped stopped The car stops at the stop sign. The car stopped at the stop sign 10 minutes ago. The car has stopped at all the stop signs on the road.

Base Past Past Participle Sentences Talk talked talked You talk to your manager every morning. You talked to your manager this morning. You have talked to your manager for 10 minutes. Touch touched touched The child rarely touches the hot stove. The child touched the hot stove two days ago. The child has just touched the hot stove. Type typed typed We type a story in computer class every week. We typed a story in computer class last week. We have typed a story in computer class for seven weeks. Watch watched watched We watch a good movie on T.V. every weekend. We watched a good movie on T.V. last night. We have watched many good movies on T.V. Walk walked walked I walk to school every day. I walked to school two days ago. I have walked to school every day since last month. Wash washed washed Farhia washes her dishes every morning Farhia washed her dishes yesterday morning. Farhia has washed her dishes since she moved to the U.S. Work worked worked I work over-time every month. I worked over-time last month I have worked over-time for three months.