The APA style format, is used for documenta6on, by the social sciences. Its emphasis is on date or when a par6cular work was created.

Transcription

1 The APA style format, is used for documenta6on, by the social sciences. Its emphasis is on date or when a par6cular work was created. whereas; The MLA style format, is used for documenta6on, by the humani6es. Its main focus is on authorship, so that the works cited is set up by author.

2 The Experimental Report and APA Framework for the Research Paper: Why the topic is important (covered in your introduc6on)? What the problem is (also covered in your introduc6on). What you did to try to solve the problem (covered in your methods sec6on)? What you found (covered in your results sec6on). What do you think your findings mean (covered in your discussion sec6on)? Typical Experimental Report sec6ons includes : Title page Abstract Introduc6on Method Main Body Results Discussion References Appendices (if necessary) Tables and/or figures (if necessary)

3 APA Basic General Guidelines Typed, double- spaced on standard- sized paper (8.5" x 11 ) 1" margins on all sides. 12 pt. Times New Roman font is recommended Every page should have a page header that includes the "TITLE OF YOUR PAPER" (all caps) flush le\ using all capital le]ers and page numbers, flush right. The header is a shortened version of your paper's 6tle and cannot exceed 50 characters including spacing and punctua6on. (Purdue Owl). All lines, a\er the first line, are indented ½ inch from the le\ margin. Authors names are listed as last name, first name. Every paper should have four (4) sec6ons: Title Page; Abstract; Main Body; and References

4 Sample Title Page: Page Header or Running Head Contains the Title of the Paper, the Author s Name, and the Institutional Affiliate Running head: EFFECTS OF AGE ON DETECTION OF EMOTION 1 Effects of Age on Detec6on of Emo6onal Informa6on Chris6na M. Leclerc and Elizabeth A. Kensinger Boston College

5 Sample Abstract Page Page Header or Running Head The Abstract contains the KEY POINTS of the Research. It contains between words and which includes: 1. Research topic 2. Research questions 3. Participants 4. Methods 5. Results 6. Data Analysis 7. Conclusions It is a double-space, single paragraph text.

6 Sample Abstract Page Page Header or Running Head Abstract EFFECTS OF AGE ON DETECTION OF EMOTION 2 Age differences were examined in affec6ve processing, in the context of a visual search task. Young and older adults were faster to detect high arousal images compared with low arousal and neutral items. Younger adults were faster to detect posi6ve high arousal targets compared with other categories. In contrast, older adults exhibited an overall detec6on advantage for emo6onal images compared with neutral images. Together, these findings suggest that older adults do not display valence- based effects on affec6ve processing at rela6vely automa6c stages. Keywords:aging, a?en@on, informa@on processing, emo@on, visual search

7 In- Text cita6ons; Quotes; & Paraphrasing When referring to another s research work the APA format uses The Author- date method for in- text cita6on format (e.g. Snow, 2012). All in- text cita6ons must appear in the References. A SHORT quote of a researcher s work must place be placed in quota6ons and include the author s last name, year of publica6on and the page number. A LONG quote (40 words or longer) is placed in a free- standing block (indented) without quota6ons. All ideas that are paraphrased need the author, the date of publica6on, although it is recommended that page number should also be used [i.e. (Snow, 2012, p. 14)].

8 Ci6ng Mul6ple Authors In- Text There is a difference when ci6ng mul6ple Authors in- text. References to two (2) authors must include both names, always. In the text the names are separated by the word and (e.g. Research by Wegener and Pe]y (1994). In parentheses the ampersand is used. (Wegener & Pe]y, 1994) Three (3) or more authors are cited differently. The first 6me the reference is used, all of the authors names are used and the rules for in- text vs. parenthesis follow the two author rule listed above. However, when the reference is made repeatedly, only the first author s name is listed and the term et al. is used. [e.g. in- text (Kernis, Cornell, Sun, Berry, & Harlow, 1993)] versus (Kernis et al., 1993).

9 References (Print & Non- Print and other sources (i.e. interviews, etc.) References are alphabe6zed by the last name of the first author. Mul6ple ar6cles are listed chronologically, from the earliest to most current. Journal 6tles are presented in full and all punctua6on is used. Use the punctua6on and capitaliza6on that is used by the journal in its 6tle. All major words are capitalized. Italicize 6tles of long works only. Non- print communica6ons are not listed in the references; they are listed only parenthe6cally in the text or main body of the paper. Use the communicator's name, the phrase "personal communica6on," and the date of the communica6on in your main text only. See examples Purdue Owl Reference List: Other non- print sources.

10 OWL s Sample APA Research Paper h]ps://owl.english.purdue.edu/media/pdf/ _560.pdf

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12 Sources 1. APA style Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date of publica6on). Title of document. Retrieved from h?p://web address Angeli, E., Wagner, J., Lawrick, E., Moore, K., Anderson, M., Soderland, L., & Brizee, A. (2010, May 5). General format. Retrieved from h?p://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/01/ 2. MLA style Editor, author, or compiler name (if available). Name of Site. Version number. Name of affiliated with the site (sponsor or publisher), date of resource (if available). Medium of Date of access. The Purdue OWL Family of Sites. The Lab and OWL at Purdue and Purdue U, Web. 23 Apr