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1 Cerebrovasc Dis 40(3 4) (2015) print ISSN online e-issn Official journal of the Highlights in this issue: european stroke conference Evolution from Stroke Risk Factors to Brain Health Determinants. 11th Johann Jacob Wepfer Lecture, European Stroke Conference, Vienna, Austria 2015 Sacco, R.L. Phenotypic ASCO Characterisation of Young Patients with Ischemic Stroke in the Prospective Multicentre Observational sifap1 Study Wolf, M.E.; Grittner, U.; Böttcher, T.; Norrving, B.; Rolfs, A.; Hennerici, M.G.; on behalf of the sifap1 TM investigators Collateral Circulation Predicts the Size of the Infarct Core and the Proportion of Salvageable Penumbra in Hyperacute Ischemic Stroke Patients Treated with Intravenous Thrombolysis Rusanen, H.; Saarinen, J.T.; Sillanpää, N. S. Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers Basel. Freiburg. Paris. London. New York. Chennai. New Delhi. Bangkok. Beijing. Shanghai. Tokyo. Kuala Lumpur. Singapore. Sydney

2 Karger Publishers 125 Years of Experience in Medical and Festschrift Karger Connecting the World of Biomedical Science This richly illustrated Festschrift chronicles the company s development and contributions in the service of medicine and science since It tells the history of Karger Publishers until the present day. Medical and Scientific Publishers Please send an to 125years@karger.com to receive your free copy or discover it online. Publishing Highlights Take a guided tour through 125 years of medical and scientific publishing! Follow us on a leisurely walk through interesting times, fascinating topics and beautiful illustrations. Karger Gazette The Karger Gazette anniversary issue explores the STM publishing business in the digital age, offers short portraits of Karger s journal and book series editors as well as interviews with three renowned scientists. KI15184

3 Founded 1991 by J. Bogousslavsky and M.G. Hennerici An Official Journal of european stroke conference Affiliated with European Stroke Conference European Society of Neurosonology and Cerebral Hemodynamics ASIA Pacific Stroke Organisation Editor-in-Chief Michael G. Hennerici University Medicine Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany Associate Editors Harold P. Adams Jr. University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, USA Craig Anderson The George Institute for Global Health, Camperdown, Australia Dale Corbett University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada Larry B. Goldstein University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA Lorenz Hirt Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland Jong-Sung Kim University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea Yoshihiro Kokubo National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Suita, Osaka, Japan Stephen Meairs University Medicine Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany Man Mohan Mehndiratta Janakpuri Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India Jay P. Mohr Neurological Institute, Tananbaum Stroke Center, New York, USA Yukito Shinohara Tachikawa Hospital, Tokyo, Japan Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian Raffles Neuroscience Centre, Singapore, Singapore Managing Editor Marc Fatar University Medicine Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany Editorial Board Robert H. Ackerman Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA Juan F. Arenillas University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain Georg W.J. Auburger Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Germany Hakan Ay Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, USA Jean-Claude Baron Sainte-Anne Hospital, Sorbonne, Paris, France Julien Bogousslavsky Genolier Swiss Medical Network, Montreux, Switzerland Natan Bornstein Tel Aviv Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel Louis R. Caplan Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA Hugues Chabriat Lariboisiere Hospital, Paris, France Anastasios Chatzikonstantinou University Medicine Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany Leonardo G. Cohen National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, USA Stephen M. Davis Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Australia Gabriel R. de Freitas Institute D Or, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Moise Desvarieux Columbia University, New York, USA Hans-Christoph Diener University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany Ulrich Dirnagl Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany Printed in Germany on acid-free and non-aging paper (ISO 9706) by Stückle Druck, Ettenheim

4 Nima Etminan Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany Klaus Fassbender University Clinic, Homburg/Saar, Germany Franz Fazekas Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria Valery L. Feigin Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand José M. Ferro University of Lisboa, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal Jochen B. Fiebach Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany Nancy Futrell Intermountain Stroke Center, Salt Lake City, USA Achim Gass University Medicine Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany Steven M. Greenberg Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA Roman Haberl Medical Clinic Harlaching, München, Germany Graeme J. Hankey Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia Wolf-Dieter Heiss Max-Planck-Institute, Köln, Germany Marc Hommel University Hospital Grenoble, Grenoble, France Frances Horgan Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland Constantino Iadecola Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA Jaap L.J. Kappelle University Medical Center, Utrecht, Netherlands Carlos S. Kase Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, USA Christof Kessler Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University, Greifswald, Germany Hiroyuki Kinouchi University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan Didier Leys University of Lille, Lille, France David S. Liebeskind University of California, Los Angeles, USA Gregory Y.H. Lip University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK Xin-Feng Liu Nanjing University, Nanjing, China Eng H. Lo Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, USA Ayrton R. Massaro University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil Kazuo Minematsu National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan Joan Montaner Hospital Vall d Hebron, Barcelona, Spain Masao Nagayama International University of Health and Welfare, Atami, Japan Hiroaki Naritomi Senri Chuo Hospital, Osaka, Japan Norbert Nighoghossian Neurology and Neurosurgical Hospital P. Wertheimer, Lyon, France Leonardo Pantoni University of Florence, Florence, Italy Sarah Pendlebury John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK Fernando Pico Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University, Versailles, France Stefano Ricci Stroke Unit, Città di Castello, Italy Tatjana Rundek University of Miami, Miami, USA Ralph L. Sacco University of Miami, Miami, USA Stefan Schwarz University Medicine Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany Christopher Jan Schwarzbach University Medicine Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany Konstantinos Spengos University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece Jan Stam University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands Kristina Szabo University Medicine Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany Shunya Takizawa Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara City, Japan Wai Kwong Tang The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Pierre-Jean Touboul Hospital Bichat, Paris, France Kazunori Toyoda National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan Shinichiro Uchiyama International University of Health and Welfare Center, Tokyo, Japan Peter Vajkoczy Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany Roland Veltkamp Imperial College London, London, UK Konstantinos Vemmos University of Athens, Athens, Greece Denis Vivien Proteases and Pathophysiology of the Neurovascular Unit, Caen, France Joanna M. Wardlaw University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK Katja Wartenberg Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale, Germany Marc E. Wolf University Medicine Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany K.S. Lawrence Wong Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong karger@karger.com S. Karger AG, Basel The Journal Home Page is available at:

5 Guidelines for Authors Submission Cerebrovascular Diseases only accepts online submissions to: All further technical instructions can be found there. Presentation of manuscripts should conform with the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals ( Recommended reading: Alexandrov AV: How to Write a Research Paper. Cerebrovasc Dis 2004;18: Alexandrov AV, Hennerici MG: Writing Good Abstracts. Cerebrovasc Dis 2007;23: How to Improve the Quality of Reports of paral lelgroup randomized trials. The CONSORT Statement. Conditions All manuscripts are subject to editorial review. Manuscripts are received with the explicit understanding that they are not under simultaneous consideration by any other publication. Submission of an article for publication implies transfer of the copyright from the author to the publisher upon acceptance. Accepted papers become the permanent property of Cerebrovascular Diseases and may not be reproduced by any means, in whole or in part, without the written consent of the publisher. It is the author s responsibility to obtain permission to reproduce illustrations, tables, etc. from other publications. Conflicts of Interest Authors are required to disclose any sponsorship or funding arrangements relating to their research and all authors should disclose any possible conflicts of interest. Conflict of interest statements will be published at the end of the article. Ethics Published research must comply with the guidelines for human studies and animal welfare regulations. Authors should state that subjects have given their informed consent and that the study protocol has been approved by the institute s committee on human research. Further, they should also state that animal experiments conform to institutional standards. Categories of Manuscripts Original Papers are full-length research papers which will be considered for the journal. Articles cover topics relevant to clinical studies. Basic and experimental work appear only if directly related to clinical issues (max. 3,000 words). Reviews are comprehensive, state-of-the-art papers of important clinical problems. Reviews may be invited by the Editor or they may be unsolicited views (max. 5,000 words). An Abstract is required and should be divided into Background, Summary and Key Messages. Editorials are usually invited by the Editor (max. 1,000 words). Please send suggestions to the Editor. Translational Research in Stroke is a new section in the journal publishing reviews on experimental results with direct clinical implications (max. 3,000 words). Articles in this section may be accompanied by an invited comment (max. 1,000 words). Imaging is a new section in the journal covering timely papers on cerebrovascular imaging by experts in the field (max. 3,000 words incl. figures and tables, and max. 40 references). Proposals to the Editor are welcome. Plagiarism Policy Whether intentional or not, plagiarism is a serious violation. We define plagiarism as a case in which a paper reproduces another work with at least 25% similarity and without citation. If evidence of plagiarism is found before/after acceptance or after publication of the paper, the author will be offered a chance for rebuttal. If the arguments are not found to be satisfactory, the manuscript will be retracted and the author sanctioned from publishing papers for a period to be determined by the responsible Editor(s). Arrangement Title page: The first page of each paper should indicate the title, the authors names, the institute where the work was conducted, and a short title for use as running head. 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Also see International Committee of Medical Journal Editors: Uniform requirements for manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals ( Examples (a) Papers published in periodicals: Chatel J-M, Bernard H, Orson FM: Isolation and characterization of two complete Ara h 2 isoforms cdna. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2003;131: (b) Papers published only with DOI numbers: Theoharides TC, Boucher W, Spear K: Serum interleukin-6 reflects disease severity and osteoporosis in mastocytosis patients. Int Arch Allergy Immunol DOI: / (c) Monographs: Hennerici M, Sitzer G, Weger H-D: Carotid Artery Plaques: Pathogenesis Development Evaluation Treatment. Basel, Karger, (d) Edited books: DuBois RN: Cyclooxygenase-2 and colorectal cancer; in Dannenberg AJ, Dubois RN (eds): COX-2. Prog Exp Tum Res. Basel, Karger, 2003, vol 37, pp Reference Management Software: Use of EndNote is recommended for easy management and formatting of citations and reference lists. Digital Object Identifier (DOI) S. Karger Publishers supports DOIs as unique identifiers for articles. A DOI number will be printed on the title page of each article. DOIs can be useful in the future for identifying and citing articles published online without volume or issue information. More information can be found at Supplementary Material Supplementary material is restricted to additional data that are not necessary for the scientific integrity and conclusions of the paper. Please note that all supplementary files will undergo editorial review and should be submitted together with the original manuscript. The Editors reserve the right to limit the scope and length of the supplementary material. Supplementary material must meet production quality standards for Web publication without the need for any modification or editing. In general, supplementary files should not exceed 10 Mb in size. All figures and tables should have titles and legends and all files should be supplied separately and named clearly. 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6 NIH-Funded Research The U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) mandates under the NIH Public Access Policy that final, peerreviewed manuscripts appear in its digital database within 12 months of the official publication date. As a service to authors, Karger submits the final version of your article on your behalf to PubMed Central. For those selecting our premium Author s Choice TM service, the usual embargo will be overriden, accelerating the accessibility of your work. More details on NIH s Public Access Policy are available at nih.gov/policy.htm Self-Archiving Karger permits authors to archive their pre-prints (i.e. pre-refereeing) or post-prints (i.e. final draft post-refereeing) on their personal or institution s servers, provided the following conditions are met: Articles may not be used for commercial purposes, must be linked to the publisher s version, and must acknowledge the publisher s copyright. Authors selecting Karger s Author s Choice TM feature, however, are also permitted to archive the final, published version of their article, which includes copyediting and design improvements as well as citation links. Page Charges There are no page charges for papers of 3 or fewer printed pages (including tables, illustrations and references). Each additional complete or partial page is charged to the author at CHF The allotted size of a paper is equal to approx. 13 manuscript pages (including tables, illustrations and references). Proofs Unless indicated otherwise, proofs are sent to the corresponding author and should be returned with the least possible delay. Alterations other than the correction of printer s errors are charged to the author. Reprints Order forms and a price list for reprints are sent with the proofs. Orders submitted after the issue is printed are subject to considerably higher prices. No. 74 Published April 2015 Kent R. Anderson New! The Medical Publisher in the Information Age The People behind Our Publications Meet the Editors of Karger s Journals Passion, Persistence, Progress Interviews with Marcel Tanner, Michael Hall, and Susan Gasser Karger Gazette Karger Publishers For over 40 years the Karger Gazette has been distributed to a growing audience worldwide. Published in newspaper format, it highlights advances in biomedicine and clinical practice, introduces personalities, portrays research institutes and chronicles milestones in the history of Karger Publishers in a lively and readable style. The new anniversary issue celebrates Karger s 125 years as a medical publisher. It explores the STM publishing business in the digital age, offers short portraits of Karger s journal and book series editors, and includes interviews with three renowned scientists who talk about their careers and how they define progress. Register for a free print subscription or read it online at S. Karger AG Medical and Scientific Publishers Karger Gazette Allschwilerstrasse 10 CH 4009 Basel Switzerland KI karger@karger.com S. Karger AG, Basel The Guidelines for Authors are available at:

7 General Information ISSN Print Edition: ISSN Online Edition: Journal Homepage: Publication Data: Cerebrovascular Diseases is published 12 times a year. Volumes 39, 40, each with 6 issues, appear in Copyright: 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel (Switzerland). All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher or, in the case of photocopying, direct payment of a specified fee to the Copyright Clearance Center. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publisher and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements in the journal is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Subscription Rates: Subscriptions run for a full calendar year. Prices are given per year. Personal subscription: Print or Online Print+Online combined CHF CHF EUR EUR USD USD postage and handling (added to print and print+online) CHF Europe, CHF Overseas EUR USD Institutional subscription: Print or Online Print+Online combined CHF CHF EUR EUR USD USD postage and handling (added to print and print+online) CHF Europe, CHF Overseas EUR USD Subscription included in membership fee for members of the European Stroke Council (ESC) Back Volumes and Single Issues: Information on availability and prices of single print issues and print or electronic back volumes can be obtained from Customer Service at service@karger.com. Bibliographic Indices: This journal is regularly listed in bibliographic services, including Current Contents and PubMed/MEDLINE. Photocopying: This journal has been registered with the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC), as indicated by the code appearing on the first page of each article. For readers in the US, this code signals consent for copying of articles for personal or internal use, or for the personal or internal use of specific clients, provided that the stated fee is paid per copy directly to Copyright Clearance Center Inc. 222 Rosewood Drive Danvers, MA (USA) A copy of the first page of the article must accompany payment. Consent does not extend to copying for general distribution, for promotion, for creating new works, or for resale. In these cases, specific written permission must be obtained from the copyright owner, S. Karger AG, P.O. Box CH 4009 Basel (Switzerland). Subscription Orders: Orders can be placed at agencies, bookstores, directly with the Publisher S. Karger AG Medical and Scientific Publishers Allschwilerstrasse 10 CH 4009 Basel Switzerland t: f: e: karger@karger.com w: (for courier services only: Allschwilerstrasse 10 CH 4055 Basel) or further Karger offices or representatives: Germany S. Karger GmbH Postfach Freiburg Deutschland (Hausadresse: Wilhelmstrasse 20A, Freiburg) t: f: e: information@karger.de w: Japan Karger Japan, Inc. Shiba Daimon Asahi Bldg. 2F Shiba Daimon Minato-ku Tokyo Japan t: f: e: publisher@karger.jp w: USA S. Karger Publishers, Inc. 26 West Avon Road P.O. Box 529 Unionville, CT USA Toll free: t: f: e: karger@snet.net France Enter & Read Albertine Luginbuhl 23, rue du Départ, boite Paris France t: +33 (0) e: albertineluginbuhl@orange.fr South East Asia, China and Taiwan Karger Regional Office (Malaysia) Level A, PJ Exchange No. 16A, Persiaran Barat Petaling Jaya Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia t: f: e: service@karger.cn; r.chew@karger.cn Karger China 51F Raffles City Centre 268 Xi Zang Middle Road Huang Pu District Shanghai P.R. China t: f: e: service@karger.cn r.chew@karger.cn w: India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka Karger India Plot No. 17, Yusuf Sarai Market B.L. Glass Building, 2nd Floor Sri Aurobindo Marg New Delhi India t: f: c: e: r.kumar@kargerindia.com w: Change of Address: Both old and new address should be sent to the subscription source. karger@karger.com S. Karger AG, Basel The Journal Home Page is available at:

8 European PFO Summit October 16, 2015 Hotel Zürichberg Zurich Switzerland wwww.imk.ch/pfo2015 Main Session: PFO-related stroke How to redesign an ideal PFO trail David Kent; Boston, US The RoPE collaboration David Thaler; Boston, US F15357 Jahrestagung 2015 Schweizerische Neurologische Gesellschaft Gastgesellschaften: Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Verhaltensneurologie Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Neurorehabilitation Schweizerische Kopfwehgesellschaft Ärztlicher Beirat der Schweizerischen Multiple Sklerose Gesellschaft Réunion annuelle 2015 Société Suisse de Neurologie Invités: Société Suisse de Neurologie Comportementale Société Suisse de NeuroRééducation Société Suisse pour l étude des céphalées Conseil scientifique de la Société suisse de la sclérose en plaques Oktober 2015 BernExpo Bern Organized by IMK Institut für Medizin und Kommunikation AG F15358

9 Contents See the journal website for contents Basel Freiburg Paris London New York New Delhi Bangkok Beijing Tokyo Kuala Lumpur Singapore Sydney

10 JOIN US AT Abstract Submission Deadline: 9 November 2015 Early Registration Deadline: 3 February 2016 Downloaded F15373 by:

11 Medical Statistics has never been easier! D.E. Matthews. V.T. Farewell Using and Understanding Medical Statistics 5th, revised and extended edition >tuberculosis Alive Dead Control Treatment 51 4 > sher.test(tuberculosis) Fisher's Exact Test for Count Data data: tuberculosis p-value= David E. Matthews Vernon T. Farewell Using and Understanding Medical Statistics 5th, revised and extended edition exp(a + bx) Pr(Y=1 X=x) = 1 + exp(a + bx) T = (O1 E1)2 E1 + (O2 E2)2 E2 Matthews, D.E. (Waterloo, Ont.); Farewell, V.T. (Cambridge) Using and Understanding Medical Statistics 5th, revised and extended edition XX p., 48 fig., 103 tab., 2015 CHF / EUR / USD (hard cover + online supplementary material) Online version for institutional purchase Prices subject to change, VAT not included EUR price for eurozone countries, USD price for USA and Latin America only ISBN (hard cover + online supplementary material) e-isbn ebook available on: Dear Librarian I have reviewed this publication and would like to recommend it for our library. Recommended by: Department: The fifth revised edition of this highly successful book presents the most extensive enhancement since Using and Understanding Medical Statistics was first published 30 years ago. Without question, the single greatest change has been the inclusion of source code, together with selected output, for the awardwinning, open-source, statistical package known as R. This innovation has enabled the authors to deemphasize formulae and calculations, and let software do all of the heavy lifting. This edition also introduces readers to several graphical statistical tools, such as Q-Q plots to check normality, residual plots for multiple regression models, funnel plots to detect publication bias in a metaanalysis and Bland-Altman plots for assessing agreement in clinical measurements. New examples that better serve the expository goals have been added to a half-dozen chapters. In addition, there are new sections describing exact confidence bands for the Kaplan-Meier estimator, as well as negative binomial and zero-inflated Poisson regression models for overdispersed count data. The end result is not only an excellent introduction to medical statistics, but also an invaluable reference for every discerning reader of medical research literature. Contents Preface to the Fifth Edition Prefaces to the Previous Editions Basic Concepts Tests of Significance Fisher s Test for 2 2 Contingency Tables Approximate Significance Tests for Contingency Tables Some Warnings concerning 2 2 Tables Kaplan-Meier or Actuarial Survival Curves The Log-Rank or Mantel-Haenszel Test for Comparing Survival Curves An Introduction to the Normal Distribution Analyzing Normally Distributed Data Linear Regression Models for Medical Data Binary Logistic Regression Regression Models for Count Data Proportional Hazards Regression The Analysis of Longitudinal Data Analysis of Variance Data Analysis The Question of Sample Size The Design of Clinical Trials Further Comments regarding Clinical Trials Meta-Analysis Epidemiological Applications Diagnostic Tests Agreement and Reliability References Subject Index Date: Signature: Orders may be placed with any bookshop, subscription agency, directly with the publisher or through a Karger distributor. The easiest way to order: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers CH 4009 Basel, Switzerland orders@karger.com, f: KI15406

12 The interdisciplinary journal for basic and clinical vascular research The new interdisciplinary journal for basic and clinical vascular research Editors J.B. Park, Seoul H. Suzuki, Saitama J.-G. Wang, Shanghai Associate Editors A. Avolio, Sydney, N.S.W. K. Kario, Tochigi J.J. Lee, Daegu A. Yamashina, Tokyo The journal Pulse publishes full-length reviews, mini reviews, and original papers in the field of vascular research. Bringing together the basic and clinical sciences across a range of disciplines, Pulse provides a forum for communication of the latest findings and hypotheses that enhance our understanding of pulsatile processes and vascular disease. The transdisciplinary approach of the journal fosters collaboration in relevant areas including cardiology, nephrology, neurology, endocrinology and diabetology, gerontology and general medicine. All articles are subject to rigorous peer-review in order to maintain the highest standards of publication. The editors welcome submissions from all areas of vascular research, including but not limited to epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnostics, therapeutics and prevention. Online-first publication ensures prompt dissemination of accepted papers to a multidisciplinary audience with an interest in vascular research. Pulse Founded: 2013 Category: Clinical and Basic Research Fields of Interest: Cardiovascular System, Nephrology Listed in bibliographic services, including PubMed Central, Embase 2016: Volume 4 4 issues per volume Language: English ISSN e-issn KF16096 Selected contributions Pediatric Measurement and Considerations: Savant, J.D.; Furth, S.L.; Meyers, K.E.C. (Philadelphia, Pa.) Blood Pressure Variability and Cognitive Function in the Elderly: Jung, H.; Kim, K. (Seoul/Seongnam) Arterial Stiffening and Clinical Outcomes in Dialysis Patients: Kato, A. (Hamamatsu) Lifestyle Factors and Coronary Artery Calcification: Lee, C.-D. (Phoenix, Ariz.); Jae, S.Y. (Seoul) Role of Pulse Wave Velocity in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Stages 3 5 on Long-Term Follow-Up: Suzuki, H.; Inoue, T. (Saitama); Dogi, M. (Kyoto); Kikuta, T. (Saitama); Takenaka, T. (Tokyo); Okada, H. (Saitama) Gender Difference in Arterial Stiffness in a Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study: The Korean Arterial Aging Study (KAAS): Kim, J.-Y. (Wonju); Park, J.B. (Seoul); Kim, D.S. (Busan); Kim, K.S. (Daegu); Jeong, J.W. (Iksan); Park, J.C. (Gwangju); Oh, B.H. (Seongnam); Chung, N. (Seoul) on behalf of the KAAS investigators Common Carotid Artery Stiffness Is Associated with Left Ventricular Structure and Function and Predicts First Hospitalization for Acute Heart Failure: Sung, S.-H.; Liao, J.-N.; Yu, W.-C.; Cheng, H.-M.; Chen, C.-H. (Taipei) Decline of Renal Function and Progression of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Are Independently Determined in Chronic Kidney Disease Stages 3 5: Suzuki, H.; Inoue, T. (Saitama); Dogi, M. (Kyoto); Kikuta, T.; Takenaka, T.; Okada, H. (Saitama) Clinical Considerations for the Association between Vascular Damage and Chronic Kidney Disease: Tomiyama, H.; Yamashina, A. (Tokyo) More information at

13 Laudatio 101 The Johann Jacob Wepfer Award 2015 of the European Stroke Conference to Professor Ralph L. Sacco The Johann Jacob Wepfer Award 102 Evolution from Stroke Risk Factors to Brain Health Determinants. 11th Johann Jacob Wepfer Lecture, European Stroke Conference, Vienna, Austria 2015 Sacco, R.L. (Miami, Fla.) Original Papers 114 Off-Hour Admission and Outcomes in Patients with Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage in the INTERACT2 Trial Sato, S.; Arima, H.; Heeley, E.; Hirakawa, Y.; Delcourt, C.; Lindley, R.I. (Sydney, N.S.W.); Robinson, T. (Leicester); Huang, Y. (Beijing); Morgenstern, L. (Ann Arbor, Mich.); Stapf, C. (Paris); Wang, J. (Tangshan); Chalmers, J.; Anderson, C.S. (Sydney) 121 Age 80 Years Is Not a Contraindication for Intra-Arterial Therapy after Ischemic Stroke Leonard, J.; Frei, D.; Salottolo, K.; Fanale, C.V.; Wagner, J.C.; Whaley, M.; McCarthy, K.; Bellon, R.J.; Loy, D.; Bar-Or, D. (Englewood, Colo.) 129 Phenotypic ASCO Characterisation of Young Patients with Ischemic Stroke in the Prospective Multicentre Observational sifap1 Study Wolf, M.E. (Mannheim); Grittner, U. (Berlin); Böttcher, T. (Rostock); Norrving, B. (Lund); Rolfs, A. (Rostock); Hennerici, M.G. (Mannheim) on behalf of the sifap1 TM investigators 136 Cigarette Smoking and Carotid Plaque Echodensity in the Northern Manhattan Study Yang, D.; Iyer, S.; Gardener, H. (Miami, Fla.); Della-Morte, D. (Miami, Fla./Rome); Crisby, M. (Stockholm); Dong, C. (Miami, Fla.); Cheung, K.; Mora-McLaughlin, C. (New York, N.Y.); Wright, C.B. (Miami, Fla.); Elkind, M.S. (New York, N.Y.); Sacco, R.L.; Rundek, T. (Miami, Fla.) 144 Posterior Circulation Ischemic Stroke Caused by Arterial Dissection: Characteristics and Predictors of Poor Outcomes Chang, F.-C.; Yong, C.-S.; Huang, H.-C.; Tsai, J.-Y.; Sheng, W.-Y.; Hu, H.-H.; Chung, C.-P. (Taipei) 151 Acute Silent Brain Infarction in Monocular Visual Loss of Ischemic Origin Lauda, F.; Neugebauer, H.; Reiber, L. (Ulm); Jüttler, E. (Ulm/Aalen) 157 Plasma Biomarkers of Inflammation, Endothelial Function and Hemostasis in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease Wiseman, S.J.; Doubal, F.N.; Chappell, F.M.; Valdés-Hernández, M.C.; Wang, X. (Edinburgh); Rumley, A.; Lowe, G.D.O. (Glasgow); Dennis, M.S.; Wardlaw, J.M. (Edinburgh) 165 Ultrasound Characteristics of Symptomatic Carotid Plaques: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Brinjikji, W.; Rabinstein, A.A.; Lanzino, G.; Murad, M.H.; Williamson, E.E. (Rochester, Minn.); DeMarco, J.K. (East Lansing, Mich.); Huston III, J. (Rochester, Minn.) 175 Real-World Experience with Insertable Cardiac Monitors to Find Atrial Fibrillation in Cryptogenic Stroke Ziegler, P.D. (Mounds View, Minn.); Rogers, J.D. (La Jolla, Calif.); Ferreira, S.W. (St. Louis, Mo.); Nichols, A.J. (Columbus, Ohio); Sarkar, S.; Koehler, J.L.; Warman, E.N. (Mounds View, Minn.); Richards, M. (Toledo, Ohio) 182 Collateral Circulation Predicts the Size of the Infarct Core and the Proportion of Salvageable Penumbra in Hyperacute Ischemic Stroke Patients Treated with Intravenous Thrombolysis Rusanen, H. (Oulu); Saarinen, J.T. (Vaasa); Sillanpää, N. (Tampere) 191 Cortical Superficial Siderosis and Risk of Bleeding after Thrombolysis for Ischemic Stroke Gattringer, T.; Eppinger, S.; Beitzke, M.; Wuensch, G.; Niederkorn, K.; Deutschmann, H.; Fazekas, F.; Enzinger, C. (Graz) Stroke Note 198 Neurothrombectomy in the Management of Acute Ischemic Stroke Lattanzi, S.; Silvestrini, M. (Ancona)