Reading Success Series. Passageways. Anthology 3. Series. 15 Nonfiction Selections. CURRICULUM ASSOCIATES, Inc.

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1 Reading Success Series C Anthology 3 Passageways Series 15 Nonfiction Selections CURRICULUM ASSOCIATES, Inc.

2 FOR THE STUDENT This reading book has 15 interesting nonfiction selections. These are the kinds of selections that you might read in school books, in library books, in magazines, and in other books. Each selection is followed by 18 multiple-choice questions. These questions give you practice with key reading strategies. Each selection also has 3 Explorations in Writing questions. These questions ask you to write about what you have read. PHOTO CREDITS: Pages 4 7, 54, 55 (bottom), 69, 70 (top), 79, 80 (top), 93, 95 (middle), 111 (top), 112 (top) 2002 Arttoday.com Page 12 Courtesy of Pat Lucas Page 20 Bob Krist/CORBIS Page 21 Courtesy of Susan Hawk/Pat Lucas Pages Courtesy of Annabel Wildrick Page 32 (top) USCG photo by PA1 Carolyn Cihelka; (bottom) Cool Kids/Corbis Pages 36, 38 (bottom) NOAA Photo Library/Central Library Page 37 Sloan/USDA Photo Library Pages 38 (top), 39 (top), 40 (bottom) Photos courtesy of USDA/NRCS Page 39 (middle, bottom) Library of Congress, America from the Great Depression to World War II LC-USZ ; LC-USF C Page 40 (top) Library of Congress, By the People, For the People: Posters from the WPA, , LC-USZC2-815 Pages 44 45, 48 Library of Congress, LC-USZ ; LC-USZ ; LC-USZ Page 46 Courtesy of Lester S. Levy Collection of Sheet Music/Johns Hopkins University Page 47 Metropolitan Hospital Center/Roosevelt Island Historical Society Pages Robert Holmes/CORBIS Page 55 (top) Extreme Sports/Corel Page 56 Royal Geographical Society, London Page 60 Florida State Archives Page 61 NARA, Photographs of the American West , Audio-Visual Record 165-XS-27 Pages NARA, Panoramic Photographs, Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, 75-PA-10-1 Page 64 Western History Collection, University of Oklahoma Library Pages 68, 72 (bottom) Scott Bauer/ARS/USDA Page 70 (middle) Peggy Greb/ARS/USDA Pages 70 (bottom), 76, 77, 78 (top, middle) ClipArt Explosion Pages (top) Courtesy of Susan Hawk/Pat Lucas Page 78 (bottom) J. D. Griggs/Volcano Hazards Program/USGS Page 80 (bottom) Susan Scott/NOS/NOAA Page 84 Joanne Ryder/Courtesy of HarperCollins Publishers Pages 95 (top, bottom), 96 NASA Pages , Wild Things/Digitalvision Page 108 People/Corel Page 109 Courtesy of the General Libraries, the University of Texas at Austin Page 110 AP Photo/Jose Luis Magana Page 111 (bottom) Keith Weller/ARS/USDA Page 112 (bottom) Mexico & Panama/Flat Earth ILLUSTRATION CREDITS: Pages 6, 8, 13 16, 53 54, 77, 85 88, 94, , Pat Lucas Pages 28 31, 37, 92 Susan Hawk ISBN Curriculum Associates, Inc. North Billerica, MA No part of this book may be reproduced by any means without written permission from the publisher. All Rights Reserved. Printed in USA

3 TABLE OF CONTENTS Batty over Bats Strange Plants Glassmaking All Ears The Dust Bowl The News on Nellie Bly On Top of the World Bill Pickett: Rodeo Star A Slice of Life Aloha, Hawaii In Step with Laurence Yep A Comet s Tale Elephants at Large Cinco de Mayo Explorations in Writing

4 The Search for Getting Started Do you believe that there are animals living that have not yet been found? Some people think that there are still many animals unknown to scientists. Read this selection to learn how these people search for hidden animals. 116

5 Animal Mysteries For hundreds of years, people have told stories about unusual animals. Many people talk about a hairy giant called Bigfoot. It lives in the woods of the Pacific Northwest. Other people speak of a strange creature called the Skunk Ape. It hides in the swamps of Florida. Stories about sea and lake monsters are common too. People claim that a huge beast swims in Lake Champlain. This lake is on the border of New York and Vermont. It is long and deep. It s a perfect place for the monster called Champ to hide. Are these animal tales true? Do these creatures really exist? Scientists don t think so. That s because there is no proof. No one has ever found any of these animals. Other people think that these animals could be real. After all, scientists discover new kinds of animals every year. Isn t it possible that other hidden animals exist? A special group of people study hidden animals. They are called cryptozoologists. They are like detectives. They look for clues to prove that mysterious animals are real. 117

6 On the Trail First cryptozoologists talk to people who claim to have seen the hidden animals. They ask each person the same questions. They want to see if people s stories are the same. If the stories are alike, they are more likely to be true. Most people describe Bigfoot in the same way. The creature is tall and powerful. It stands about six to eight feet tall. It weighs about five hundred pounds. Dark hair covers its entire body. It has long arms and almost no neck. In these ways, it looks like an ape. But it walks on two legs, like a human. Bigfoot gets its name for its really large feet. They are about seven inches wide and sixteen inches long. Stories about Champ are also similar. People say that the creature looks like a giant snake. It is between fifteen and thirty feet long. And it has a long, curved neck. People tell different stories about the Skunk Ape. Some people say that the hairy creature is the size of a chimpanzee. And it moves around on all fours. Others say that it is seven feet tall. It weighs over three hundred pounds. And it walks on two legs. But everyone agrees about one thing. The Skunk Ape has a terrible smell! 118

7 Studying Sites Next cryptozoologists go to places where the hidden animals were supposedly seen. They search each site for clues. If they find a footprint, they make a plaster cast of it. They measure how long and wide it is. Then they compare it to other tracks that have been found. They look to see if the footprint is like a human s or an animal s. Sometimes the footprint is unlike any they have ever seen. Then it can be used as proof that the hidden animal is real. Cryptozoologists have to be careful though. Some footprints have later been shown to be fakes. To search for water animals, cryptozoologists set up underwater cameras. Clearly, they hope that the creature will swim in front of the cameras. But photographs can be tricky. Something may look like a hidden animal at first. But it may actually be only a large fish. Or it may be a sunken object. Sometimes sunlight entering the water may create a strange shadow. It s also possible for photographs to be faked. This makes the job of finding the truth even harder. 119

8 Real or Fake? Newspapers often pay for photographs of hidden animals. Many people send in fake pictures to make money. The pictures could be people dressed in costumes. Or they could be shapes cut out of cardboard. People also use computers to make fake pictures. Cryptozoologists have lots of different people study the photographs. They want to make sure that the pictures are real. In 1967, a man made a movie of Bigfoot moving in the woods. Many people studied the film to see if it was real. Even a famous movie studio in California looked at it. No one could find any proof that any tricks were used. Still one scientist says the film is fake. This man knows a lot about how the human body moves. He says that Bigfoot s way of walking is more human than ape. Most cryptozoologists are not sure the movie is real. So they keep looking for more clues. Being a cryptozoologist is hard. Few people believe what a cryptozoologist says. But cryptozoologists keep looking for answers. They believe that Bigfoot, the Skunk Ape, and Champ are out there. And someday they will find them. 120

9 Finding Main Idea and Details Finding Word Meaning in Context The main idea is the most important idea. The details are the pieces of information that tell more about the main idea. 1. What is the article mostly about? animal tales lake monsters strange apes cryptozoologists 2. The Skunk Ape lives in California. Florida. New York. Vermont. 3. Which of these details was not mentioned in the selection? Some people don t trust cryptozoologists. Bigfoot may weigh five hundred pounds. People have seen a lake monster in Lake Erie. Some photographs of hidden animals are fake. Use context clues to find the meaning of a new word. Context clues are words in a sentence that help you figure out the meaning of the new word. 4. On page 117, another word for exist is live. hide. know. leave. 5. Look at page 119. The word site means something that is seen. something that is heard. a problem. a location. 6. On page 119, the best meaning of the word cast is soft material that hardens in a mold. a hard covering that holds broken bones in place. a light amount of color. the actors in a play or movie. 121

10 Explorations in Writing Write your answers on a separate piece of paper. (pages ) 1. The author gives a lot of information about elephants. Write a few sentences about what you learned. 2. Look at the picture of an African elephant on page 102. Then look at the picture of an Asian elephant on page 103. Write a few sentences that tell how the two elephants are different. 3. On page 104, the author explains that elephants live in families. Write two things that elephant families do. Cinco de Mayo (pages ) 1. The author tells why Cinco de Mayo is a special day. In your own words, tell why this day is special. 2. A fact can be proved. An opinion is what someone thinks or feels. Here is a fact from the selection: Benito Juárez was born in Here is an opinion based on the selection: Benito Juárez was a good leader. Write another fact from the selection. Write another opinion based on the selection. Give at least one reason for the opinion. 3. On pages 111 and 112, the author tells how people celebrate Cinco de Mayo. Write a few sentences about the different ways that people celebrate this day. (pages ) 1. The author tells about people who search for hidden animals. In your own words, tell how these people search for hidden animals. 2. Look at the diagram of the two footprints on page 119. Use your own words to tell what the diagram shows. 3. Read again the section called Real or Fake? on page 120. Write a few sentences that tell whether you think the movie of Bigfoot was real or fake. 128

11 C Anthology 3 15 Nonfiction Selections Batty over Bats Strange Plants Glassmaking All Ears The Dust Bowl The News on Nellie Bly On Top of the World Bill Pickett: Rodeo Star A Slice of Life Aloha, Hawaii In Step with Laurence Yep A Comet s Tale Elephants at Large Cinco de Mayo Reorder No. CA pack CURRICULUM ASSOCIATES, Inc. North Billerica, MA Phone: (U.S. & Canada) Fax: (U.S. & Canada) cainfo@curriculumassociates.com Web: