Wellehan Library Saint Joseph s College APA Guide for Reference List and In-text Citation Entries

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1 1 Wellehan Library Saint Joseph s College APA Guide for Reference List and In-text Citation Entries The purpose of this guide is to provide examples of reference list and in-text citation entries. These examples are based on the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (6 th ed.). Remember, reference list entries are double spaced and in hanging indent format. Consult this document for help with creating a hanging indent using Word A major change in reference list entries for electronic documents concerns the use of a digital object identifier (DOI). Use this link to learn more about or to search for a resource s DOI. When an electronic resource does not have a DOI, you should provide the home page URL of the journal or of the book or report publisher (American Psychological Association [APA], 2010, p. 191). It may be necessary to search the web for this URL. Notice, in most instances, database retrieval information is no longer used. Watch this 3 minute tutorial concerning how to locate journal homepage URLs. IN-TEXT CITATIONS... 2 Quotation... 2 Paraphrase or Summary... 2 DATABASE SOURCES... 2 Scholarly Journal Article with DOI... 2 Scholarly Journal Article without DOI [electronic from database]... 3 Unsigned Entry from Europa World Plus Database... 3 Signed Entry from Europa World Plus Database... 3 Newspaper Article [electronic version from ProQuest Newspapers database]... 3 Review from Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews... 3 Book [electronic version from ebook database]... 3 WEB SOURCES... 4 Webpage [single page with date]... 4 Webpage [single page without date]... 4 Webpage [organization as author]... 4 Webpage [unknown author]... 4 Magazine Article [electronic]... 4 PRINT SOURCES... 5 Scholarly Journal Article with DOI... 5 Scholarly Journal Article without DOI [print]... 5 Magazine Article [print]... 5 Newspaper Article [print]... 5 Book [print]... 5 Book with Editor [print]... 5 Chapter in a Book [print]... 5 Religious/Classical Works... 6 Legal Materials... 6

2 2 In-text citations Rules for in-text citation format vary based on number of authors, and type of borrowed information being used, directly quoted or paraphrased information. Quotation According to Smith and Jones (2015), obese children engage in less physical activity than their fit counterparts (p. 103). While obese children engage in less physical activity, fitter children are exercising more (Smith & Jones, 2015, p. 103). Page numbers with in-text citations: When quoting, always provide the author, year, and specific page citation or paragraph number for nonpaginated material (APA, 2010, p. 170). Paraphrase or Summary Note: APA doesn t require a page number for a paraphrase, but it is often helpful to include one. Consult with your professor for their expectations regarding page numbers for paraphrases. 1 st in-text citation: More than 200 million pieces of first class mail are delivered by the United Stated Postal Service on an average business day (United States Postal Service [USPS], 2014). Subsequent citations: (USPS, 2014). Multiple authors: 2 authors: Cite both names each time 3 to 5 authors: Cite all names in the first citation; in subsequent citations, cite only the first author followed by et al. 6 or more authors: Cite only the surname of the first author followed by et al. for all entries. Database sources Scholarly Journal Article with DOI Archbold, C.A., Hassell, K. D., & Stichman, A. (2010). Comparing promotion aspirations among female and male police officers. International Journal of Police Science & Management, 12, doi: /ijps st in-text citation: (Archbold, Hassel, & Stichman, 2010) Subsequent: (Archbold et al., 2010) Note: A DOI may be recorded either as a set of numbers and letters preceded by doi: as above, or as a URL (not preceded by doi: ), such as Either format is acceptable.

3 3 Scholarly Journal Article without DOI [electronic from database] Ingram, J. D., & Triadafilopoulous, T. (2010). Rights, norms, and politics: The case of German citizenship reform. Social Research, 77, Retrieved from 1 st and subsequent in-text citation: (Ingram & Triadafilopoulous, 2010) Note: Journal s home page URL is cited in retrieval statement. Unsigned Entry from Europa World Plus Database Bermuda. (n.d.). Retrieved June 4, 2010, from Note: Retrieval date is cited because content in this database is updated. Signed Entry from Europa World Plus Database Wearne, P. (n.d.). French Guiana - Economy (Revised by P. Clegg). Retrieved June 4, 2010, from In-text citation: (Wearn, n.d., para. 4) Note: Since text is unpaginated, paragraph number is cited. APA now calls for the use of para. instead of. According to the APA blog, you can count paragraphs down from the beginning of the document. Newspaper Article [electronic version from ProQuest Newspapers database] Needleman, S. E. (2010, June 1). Merchants push sales through social media: Early adopters add shopping-cart apps to fan pages to sell items, services. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved from Review from Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews Singh, J., Kour, K., & Jayaram, B. (2012). Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors for schizophrenia. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2012(1), doi: / cd pub2 Note: According to the APA blog, the year of publication does double duty as the volume number. The issue number is needed because the journal is not continuously paginated. And because we have a DOI, neither the URL nor the Cochrane-assigned ID number is needed. Book [electronic version from ebook database] Kreyling, M. (1998). Inventing Southern literature. Retrieved from Note: Provide publisher homepage URL, not database information in retrieval statement.

4 4 Web sources Note: Break URLs when necessary before punctuation. Retrieval date cited only when document content is likely to change. Webpage [single page with date] Rajan, N. (2015). How to make your iphone run faster. Retrieved from -faster_n_ html?utm_hp_ref=uk-tech&ir=uk+tech Webpage [single page without date] American Psychological Association. (n.d.). Autism treatment options. Retrieved from Note: n.d. refers to no date. Webpage [organization as author] American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. (2013). Warfarin. Retrieved from Webpage [unknown author] F. Scott Fitzgerald. (n.d.). Retrieved from What is Lupus? Lupus definition. (2015). Retrieved from /articles/lupus-information/lupus-definition/ Note: For in-text citations where the author is unknown, use the work s title in your signal phrase or give the first word or two of the title in the parenthetical citation. Titles of articles, chapters, and pages are put in quotation marks. Those with lupus lack the body s normal ability to identify antigens, leaving the body s antibodies attacking the good body cells ( What is Lupus, 2015). Magazine Article [electronic] Gore, A. (2010, June). The crisis comes ashore. New Republic, 24(9), Retrieved from

5 5 Print Sources Scholarly Journal Article with DOI Archbold, C.A., Hassell, K. D., & Stichman, A. (2010). Comparing promotion aspirations among female and male police officers. International Journal of Police Science & Management, 12, doi: /ijps st in-text citation: (Archbold, Hassel, & Stichman, 2010) Subsequent: (Archbold et al., 2010) Scholarly Journal Article without DOI [print] Jacobson, G. C. (2010). Perception, memory, and partisan polarization on the Iraq war. Political Science Quarterly, 125(1), st in-text citation: (Jacobson, 2010) Subsequent: (Jacobson, 2010) Magazine Article [print] Wolman, D. (2010, May). The auntie advantage. New Scientist, 206(2758), Newspaper Article [print] Weisman, J., Chazan, G., & Power, S. (2010, May 28). Spill tops Valdez disaster. The Wall Street Journal, pp. A1, A6. Book [print] Smith, J. (2016). A book to read: Learn to read books. Edinburgh, UK: Pressing House. Book with Editor [print] Wilson, J.K. (Ed.). (2009). The Praeger handbook of victimology. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC CLIO. Chapter in a Book [print] Bolton, P., Brunnermeier, M.K., & Veldkamp, L. (2010). Economists perspective on leadership. In N. Nohria & R. Khurama (Eds.), Handbook of leadership theory and practice (pp ). Boston, MA: Harvard Business Press.

6 6 Religious/Classical Works Reference list entries are not required for major classical works or classical religious works; simply identify in the first citation in the text the version you used (APA, 2010, p. 179.) For example: 1 Cor. 13:1 (Revised Standard Version) Legal Materials A typical reference form for court decisions includes (a) title or name of the case (usually one party vs. another); (b) the citation, usually to a volume and page of one of the various sets of books (called reporters, which usually contain decisions of courts in particular political division, or jurisdictions) where published cases can be found (e.g., the Federal Reporter, Second Series); and finally, (c) the precise jurisdiction of the court writing the decision (e.g., the New York Court of Appeals), in parentheses, including the date of the decision (APA, 2010, p. 216). Reference list entry: Lessard v. Schmidt, 349 F. Supp (E.D. Wis. 1972) In-text citation includes case name in italics: (Lessard v. Schmidt, 1972) For more information about references to legal materials, consult pages in the APA manual. Reference American Psychological Association. (2010). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (6 th ed.). Washington, D.C: Author.