Program. Adding Value to Scholarly Journals through A Citation Indexing System

Transcription

1 Program Adding Value to Scholarly Journals through A Citation Indexing System Journal: Program Manuscript ID: PROG-May-0-00.R Manuscript Type: Article Keywords: Citation Indexes, Scholarly journals, Indexing, Abstracting, Malaysia

2 Page of Program Adding Value to Scholarly Journals through A Citation Indexing System Abstract: There are problems in (a) identifying the entirety of scholarly journals published in Malaysia, (b) locating and accessing these journals, (c) knowing who has published what and in which journals; and (d) assessing the indexing status of those journals-, the citations received and the general impact counts of those journals. These issues may be addressed bymycite, a citation indexing system developed by the Malaysian Citation Centre, Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia. This paper describes the systems design of MyCite, the modules and their functions, the value added to the various indexed journals and articles in terms of bibliometric indices provided for authors, journals, institutional affiliations and the special reports generated which include, top authors, journals citation report (ranked by yearly impact factor), top institutions (ranked by total publications), and top country contributions. Limitations in terms of journal access and authors inconsistent name variations are highlighted. Keywords: Indexing, Abstracting, Malaysia, Citations, General impact, Scholarly journals. Introduction The use of citation indices initially published by the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) (Science Citation Index Expanded, Social Sciences Citation Index, the Humanities Citation Index and Journal Citation Report) and currently packaged in the Web of Science (WoS) by Thomson Reuters is widespread and has outgrown its original purpose as initiated by Eugene Garfield. The ISI citation databases is rivaled by Elsevier s Scopus and the universally free Google Scholar. Whilst WoS boasts that it covers a select and influential set of about,000 journals that have impact, Scopus on the other hand claims wider coverage of the world s scholarly journals (estimated,000 titles). Google Scholar covers any web resources that are scholarly and therefore covers citations from proceedings and books. Information professionals use WoS and Scopus for journal selection or deselection, funding bodies use it to assess the performances of their awardees, government agencies use it to assess the performance of scientists from their countries and universities use publications and citations received in these databases to give incentives, promote, hire or fire faculties (Cameron, 00). While main stream journals are covered by these databases, most national journals especially those in developing countries remain unindexed, uncited and invisible universally. This article focuses on the Malaysian initiate to develop a citation index database to increase the accessibility and visibility of Malaysian scholarly journals. Related Literature. To solve the problem of poor representation in WoS and Scopus, some countries especially in Asia have been developing their own citation indexing systems. These developments have been performed in order to improve the quality, accessibility and visibility of national journals as well as provide journal publishers with journal performance indicators. In Thailand, the Thai Citation Index developed by King Mongkut University provides a referral indexing and abstracting service and yearly bibliometrics report on the performance of Thai journals. (TCI Thai Journal Citation Index Centre, 00). To make Chinese scholarly journals more visible, the Chinese Academy of Sciences produced Chinese Citation Database in (Meng, ) which indexed over science and technology journals published in China. Another venture is the Chinese Social Sciences Citation Index, which was developed in and made available online in 000 by the the Chinese Social Sciences Research Evaluation Centre, Nanjing University and Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. The database covers over,00 Chinese Scholarly journals in the social sciences (Chinese Social Sciences Research Evaluation Centre, 0; Su, Han & Han, 00). This is also a refferal database and is available on subscription as well as it covers journals published from onwards. Because of the large pool of Chinese journals covered, this database has become economically viable to sustain and maintain. Taiwan is also moving towards de-isolating Taiwanese scholarly journals. In the National Science Council of Taiwan produced Taiwan Science Citation Index and in two more indexes were produced, Taiwan Social Science Citation Index and Taiwan Humanities Citation Index (THCI, 00; TSSCI, 00). Both indexes provide journal title, author and cited author search as well as provide citation reports for Taiwanese journals (Chui, ; Chen, 00). The

3 Program Page of more recent initiative is Taiwan Medicinal and Life Science Citation Index (TpubMed) covering over journal titles (Guo and Hung, 00). The National Research Foundation of Korea is responsible for the Korean Citation Index ( which currently indexes, Korean journals. In 00, the Korean Academy of Medical Sciences initiated the Korean Medical Citation Index (KoMCI). This index covers over Korean medical journals and the online portal is made available in 0 ( The citation database for Japanese papers is reported by Negishi, et al, (00), an initiative by the National Institute of Informatics, Japan in. The Online service was released in 000 providing access to over 0 Japanese journals. In India, the Indian Citation Index (ICI) is a commercial venture by the Knowledge Foundation ( The ICI indexes cover over, articles from more than 00 Indian scholarly journals (Bhushan and Lal, ; ICI: Indian Citation Index, 0). Besides this, a total of Islamic countries which are members of the Organisation of Islamic Countries (OIC) have agreed to the setting up of an Islamic Citation Centre. The centre is based in Shiraz, Iran and funded by OIC and the Iranian Ministry of Science, Research and Technology. All members are expected to contribute their journals to the Centre to be indexed. It is expected to provide indexing and abstracting services as well as access to full text of documents and produce citation reports for member countries (World Islamic Citation Centre, 00). A recent conference paper describes the development of an Indonesian electronic citation system (Sari and Kurniawan, 0). In Malaysia, the proposal for the setting up of a Malaysian Abstracting and Indexing System was first mooted at a publishers conference in 00 (Zainab, 00). The Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia eventually saw to the approval of the setting up of a Malaysian Citation Centre, which is responsible for a Malaysian Citation Index system (MyCite). This article describes the problems identified related to the publishing of scholarly journals in Malaysia, the design of the system as well the adding of value to bibliographic data extracted from scholarly journals. Methods The objectives of this paper are (a) to relate the problems identified about scholarly journal publishing in Malaysia to establish motivation for the system development; (b) to describe the design of MyCite, and (c) to highlight the added value to journals and articles indexed through the generation of reports from MyCite ( The development of the system is aimed to help improve the quality of journals by providing publishers with indicators that show their journal performance within Malaysia. To realize this aspiration, an interim Malaysian Citation Centre (MCC) was set up at the Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur. The initial development of MyCite was undertaken collaboratively by staff seconded from the faculty to MCC and the Information Technology Centre University of Malaya. MyCite indexes only scholarly journals, which loosely refer to Malaysian-based titles that are refereed and are research based. Even though an audit on Malaysian scholarly journals identifies a total number titles (Zainab et al., 0), the total number of journals currently indexed in MyCite are titles and this is expected to grow to 00 by 0. At this initial stage MyCite focused on a selection of journals that are already indexed by WoS, Scopus and MyAIS (Malaysian Abstracting and Indexing System) ( as well as titles that have complete issue runs between 00 and 0at least.there are reasons for this decision. Firstly, the focus is adequate coverage of each title so that there is sufficient data to test the correctness of indices used. The performance indices used are total publications, total citations, impact factor for data sets within a two-year and five-year windows (Garfield, ; Thomson Reuters, 0), h index (Hirsch, 00), and ISI s Journal Citation Reports (JCR) immediacy index, and citation half-life. These indices are commonly used in most citation indices such as WoS and Scopus. It is expected that journals that has at least a -year publishing track record would respond well to bibliometric measures and show some results. Secondly, the targeted journals are mainly those which are electronically published and on Open Access. This provides MCC with access to articles references which is needed to generate the citation scores. In Malaysia, this characterised medical related journals which, seems to be early adopters of electronic publishing compared to publishers in other fields. As such the coverage of medical related journals in MyCite are higher. Thirdly, it was possible to quickly populate MyCite with data from MyAIS and this account to about half of journal titles currently indexed.

4 Page of Program MyCite categorizes journals into five broad fields; Arts and Humanities, Engineering and Technology, Medical and Health Sciences, Sciences and Social Sciences. Under each broad field-, journals are further assigned to more specific fields (Table ). This categorization is found to be sufficient to accomodate most Malaysian journals. Table shows the journals currently indexed in MyCite, comprising (%) titles from the Science, Technology, Engineering and Medicine (STEM) and (%) titles from the Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences (AHSS) fields all of which provided, articles. Even though MyCite is indexing many journals, not every form of documents are indexed. Editorial notes and book reviews are excluded. For articles in the the religion category, titles and references in Arabic or Jawi text are not indexed. Arts and Humanities History Language and Linguistics Literature Performing Arts Philosophy Religion Visual Arts Engineering and Technology Architecture and design Computer Sciences Engineering Medical and Health Sciences Dentistry Immununology and Microbiology Table : The Fields Categorization Used in MyCite Medicine Neuroscience Nursing Nutrition Phamacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics Sciences Agricutural Sciences Biological sciences Chemistry Earth sciences Environmental Sciences Life sciences Mathematics and statistics Physics Space sciences Table : Number of Journals Indexed in MyCite by Broad Fields Social Sciences Anthropology Archeology Area Studies Business and Administration Cultural and ethnic studies Economics and finance Education Gender studies Geography Law Library & Information Science Media and Communication Political science Psychology Sociology Disciplines Number of Journals Percent Number of Articles Percent Arts & Humanities.0.0 Engineering & Technology..0 Medical & Health Sciences Sciences..0 Social Sciences Total Results The Problems Related to Malaysian Scholarly Journals While access and inclusion in indexing databases such as Thomson Reuter s Web of Science (WoS) and Elsevier s Scopus are true for main stream foreign journals, it is not so for most national journals published in developing countries. This leads us to the first problem of accessibility and visibility. For these countries, which includes Malaysia, scholarly works published by academic publishers and professional associations remain unaccessible and sadly unused as well as uncited. This may be related to the indexing of Malaysian journals. Zainab () who studied the indexing status of Malaysian scholarly journals in indexing and abstracting services found that only Malaysian journals were indexed by subject-based international databases. Out of this number, were in the Science, Technology, Engineering and Medicine (STEM) and titles were in the Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences (AHSS). Recent studies indicated that out of scholarly journals published in Malaysia, a total of (.%) are indexed by Scopus and (.%) titles by WoS (Abu Bakar, et al.,00; Zainab et al., 0). These situations revealed that the indexing status of Malaysian journals in international indexes was very small and the contents of the majority of Malaysian journals remain inaccessible and invisible. An indexing and citation system is therefore critical in helping to increase the accessibility of

5 Program Page of Malaysian journals within and outside Malaysia and in providing equal opportunity for their contents to be used and cited. The second problem is related to identifying the corpus of Malaysian scholarly journals which is highlighted by Md-Sidin () and Roosfa (00). Currently, there is no comprehensive listing of Malaysian scholarly journals. The two listings compiled by the National Library of Malaysia are outdated (Senarai induk terbitan bersiri = Malaysian union list of serials, ; Indeks majalah Malaysia = Malaysian periodical index, ). Md-Sidin () appended a list of journal titles to a paper presented at a conference, and indicated that.% of the titles were in the AHSS and 0.% were in the STEM fields. Roosfa (00) highlighted the problem of keeping tabs on the elusive and mushrooming journal titles from the newer universities as well as those published solely in the electronic form. Normah () reported a total of titles recorded through an ISSN listing issued by the National Library of Malaysia. This lack of a master list of journal titles posed a problem not only to librarians in keeping track of serials, but also to researchers and authors in identifying and locating journals to support their referencing needs. Zainab et al. (0) reported and appended a list of journal titles, tracked through library catalogues of the National Library of Malaysia (a legal repository) and the University of Malaya library (the oldest university library in Malaysia). Most Malaysian journals are published in single volumes annually and about a third is published twice a year. A total of titles (.%) are in the AHSS and titles (.%) are in the STEM fields. Knowing what titles exist is important in order to estimate the corpus of Malaysian scholarly journal publications available that needs to be covered by a national indexing systems. The third problem concerns Malaysian scholars and their unawareness about which Malaysian journals are best suited to disseminate their research results. Technology can both empower or exclude people from accessing knowledge (Adams, Blandford and Lunt, 00). Malaysian scholars often do not know what their colleagues have published in their respective fields in Malaysian journals and therefore seldom cite each other (Science and Technology, 00). This has resulted in the flow of quality articles out of the country and low numbers of submissions to local academic journals. This situation created problems for publishers in sustaining the regularity of their journal s issues. The spiral effect of this is the poor success in getting indexing status in the major universal citation indexes. The existence of a national citation index would close this gap and improve indexing of Malaysian journals. The fourth problem concerns unavailability of complete runs of the majority of journal titles. Scholarly journals are often run by departments or faculties in universities, research institutions, professional associations and government agencies. In most instances the journal editors manage the publishing processes perhaps with minimal support staff. The situation is made worse when the editorship is passed around among faculty members who volunteer to do the job. As a result the availability of issues comes into jeopardy when the handing over process is not done properly. Often the new editor could not provide or have little knowledge of how to locate previous issues. It is therefore extremely important to provide Malaysian scholarly journals with a platform for archiving their issues as well as increase the rate of availability. The fifth problem has been identified from conversations with editors of academic journals at national workshops and conferences (Regional Conference on Scholarly Publishing, 00; Workshop on Managing Scholarly Journals, 00;National Conference on Scholarly Publishing, 00), which revealed that the editorial members are often so bogged down with editorial processes, and they have little time to strategize about improving the status of their journals. Editors want to achieve international status for their journals but are unaware of what this means in terms of improving the institutional and geographical composition of authors contributing to their journals. In summary, Malaysian journal editors are facing poor submissions and this makes it difficult for them to sustain punctuality, very few get financial support and most are unaware of the processes involved in getting their journals indexed either by WoS, Scopus or other discipline-based databases. Authors are less aware of the availability of journals in their fields within Malaysia or about who is publishing what and where in Malaysian journals. Additionally authors have no means of knowing who else is citing the articles that they publish. As a result many of the journals are either institutional or faculty-based where in most cases the articles are mainly contributions from academics from the same institutions and faculties. A national citation system could help publishers gauge their respective journals performances through bibliometric indices.

6 Page of Program The problems that plauge scholarly journal publishing in Malaysia are captured in a rich picture (Figure ) and may be addressed by MyCite or the Malaysian Citation Index systems which aims to provide a system that supports accessibility to and visibility of Malaysian scholarly works. It is envisioned that MyCite would help improve journal quality, increase indexing in universal citation databases and contribute to the enrichment the corpus of Malaysia s scholarly e-content. How can I encourage quality submission? How do I get my journal indexed by the ISI, Scopus and other international databases? What can I make my journal more visible? How can I get information about who are citing articles in my journal as it is not covered by the ISI s JCR? I need a system that could get my journals indexed nationally & internationally. Is there an abstracting service in Malaysia? How do I improve the quality of my journal? Is there a tool that can guide me where I need to improve? I don t have any funding to publish electronically over the web Problems Expressed by Journal publishers Problems Expressed by Librarians, Information professionals It is difficult to bibliographically control journals? Is there a directory or listing? How can we maintain a dynamic list of Malaysian journals? How do I find out what are published in Malaysian journals in my discipline? How can I search for authors who are publishing works in similar fields as I? Which institutions are they affiliated to? Are their work current? Are the journals refereed or reviewed? Are the journals indexed by ISI, Scopus or other databases? Whatis the frequency? The more the frequency the more chances I have in getting my article publish? Where can I locate these journals besides the library shelves? How can I obtain copies of articles I need from the journals? Is there an electronic version of the journal Problems Expressed by Researchers & Academics Figure : The Problems Expressed by Stakeholders of Malaysian Scholarly Journals Systems Design: MyCite Mycite was developed using the rapid prototyping method. The development of modules were benchmarked against WoS and Scopus as the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia requires the system to be up within a year. To ensure MyCite functions optimally, two databases were created. MyJurnal (Malaysian Journal Management System, is the supportive journal repository which manages the bibliographic data extracted from journals. It is essentially a journal management system, which contains several modules that support the content of all journals indexed by MyCite. On its own it is a complete system which publishers can use to manage article submissions, reviewing processes and publication of issues. In most instances MyJurnal provides access to full-text articles when consent is given by publishers. MyJurnal also provides links to journals own websites. MyCite( is the citation indexing system that extracts bibliographic data sets indexed in Myjurnal to provide publication counts. All references in articles that are indexed are passed through an automated reference segmentation programme called the reference editor that breaks the bibliographic references (e.g. author, title, journal, year) extracted from the references section of all articles (Table ). This programme saves indexers references checking time as they just need to ensure that segmentation has occurred faithfully and correctly. This segmentation allows for the calculation of productivity and citation indices for journals, authors, and their affliated institutions. Figure indicates the relationship between MyJurnal and MyCite. MyCite repository subjected the extracted bibliographic data as well as the segmented references to bibliometric programmes which generate indices reports such as journal citation report (citation_journal), author productivity and citation report (citation_author_group), affiliation report (citation_affiliation), article citation report (citation_map), and discipline report (citation_dscipline). The link between MyJurnal to MyCite is transparent to users. Most of the data preparations and editing is carried out in the following Administrator s module in MyJurnal.

7 Program Page of Affliation Management all affiliations are displayed according to name and countryand listed by numerical order. Affliations can be deleted or edited. Author Groups Management Establish authors names and their aliases. Affiliation Alias Management Establish affiliations Table and their aliases. : An Journak Alias Management Establish journal names and their aliases such abbreviated names. Reference editor segment article references Article s References being Automatically Segmented by the Reference Editor in MyJurnal. Item title: An unusual presentation of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults Ray, S, Sarkar, D, Ganguly, S, Maiti, A.Medical Journal of Malaysia (Volume, No., 0, Pages to ) Times cited: 0 references Reference no: No Author(s) Title Journal Year Vol No Page No Stenstrom G, Gottsater A, Bakhtadze E, Berger B, Sundkvist G Lohmann, T, Kellner K, Verlohren HJ, Krug J, Steindorf J, Scherbaum WA. Turner R, Stratton I, Horton V, Manley S, Zimmet P, Mackay IR. Palmer JP, Hampe CS, Chiu H, Goel A, Brooks-Worrell BM Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults: definition, prevalence, beta-cell function, and treatment Titre and combination of ICA and autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarbo xyl ase discrim inate t wo clinically distinct types of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) UKPDS : autoantibodies to islet-cell cytoplasm and glutamic acid decarboxylase for prediction of insulin requirement in type diabetes, UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group Is latent autoimmune diabetes in adults distinct from type diabetes or just type diabetes at an older age Diabetes 00 S-S Diabetologia Lancet 0 - Diabetes 00 S- As indicated earlier, journal editors need to make a request to MCC in order for their journals to be indexed. The basic criteria for selecting journals to be indexed include, (a) publishers provide access to complete issues run from at least 00 to 0 so that the -year impact factor can be calculated; (b) publishers provide access to full-text of articles if the journal is electronic, or provide MCC with the latest years print issues; (c) publishers are following basic publishing standards such as providing proper titles, authors names, authors affiliations, authors s, abstracts (English language is required if the article is in the Malay language); keywords and standard referencing practice; (d) publishers agree to display their full-text articles through MyCite and Myjurnal (optional). Once the bibliographic elements in a record are edited, and the record is indexed, algorithms that calculate the bibliometric indices for MyCite transfer and display the results in various modules. MyCite repository focuses on providing reports that support users browsing and retrieval options. There are three main User modules; General Search Module, Advance search module, and Journal Citation report module. Tables, and show the Main and Sub-menus as well as their functions.

8 Page of Program MyJurnal Repository MyCite Repository Figure :Design Relationship of MyJurnal and MyCite Automated Reference Segmentation Algorithm Bibliometric Analysis Module

9 Program Page of Menu Items Topic Search Author Search Journal Search Affiliation Search Menu Items Advanced Search Sub-Menu Items Search by topic Display option Sort articles Articles listing Article Citation Report Search by author Display option Sort Authors listing Table : General Search Module in MyCite Description Search for articles by topic Display search results per page according to selected display option Sort display by relevance, article title or citation count, ascending /descending order Lists articles and the citation count according to the topic searched Links and viewabstract or full-text of articles in MyJurnal Displays the citation report of selected article(s) according to selected year option Search for authors names Display search results per page according to selected display option Sort authors by publication count, citation count or h-index Selected to arrange listing in ascending / descending order Lists authors by country affiliation, country, publications, citations and h-index Links affiliation to Affiliation search result Links publications to list of publications by respective authors View citing articles and cited articles related to the author Displays the publication statistic of searched author(s) Display the publication statistic of authors according to selected year option View publications of the author in respective years Displays the citation statistic for searched author(s), with year selection options View citing articles and cited articles of the author in respective years Displays the h-index statistic of the author(s) Author publication report Author citation report Authors h-index Search by journal Display option Sort journals Journals listing Journal publication report Journal citation report Journals h-index Search by affiliation Display option Sort affiliations Affiliations listing Affiliation publication report Affiliation citation report Affiliation h-index Sub-Menu Items Advanced search function With display and sorting options Sort articles Articles listing Article Citation Report Search for journal titles Display search results per page according to selected display option Sort by journal name, publication and citation count, h-index, ascending/descending order Lists journal titles withpublication and citation counts and h-index Links displayed journal titles to its location in MyJurnal View articles published and cited citedby each journal Displays the publication statistic of selected journal(s) by selected year option Displays the citation statistic of selected journal(s) by selected year options View citing articles and cited articles of the journal(s) in respective years Displays the h-index statistic of the journal(s) Search for affiliations Display the search results per page according to selected display option Sort the results by affiliation, country, publication /citation count, h-index, ascending/descending order Lists affiliations with information of country, total publications, total citations, h-index View articles published by the authors affiliations with selected institutions View articles by the authors affiliated to the institution that is cited Displays the publication statistic of the affiliation User can choose to display the publication statistic according to selectedyear option Displays the citation statistic of the affiliation by selected year View citing articles and cited articles of the affiliation under respective years Displays the h-index statistic of the affiliation(s) Table : Advanced Search Module in MyCite Description Combined searches by all search fields provided Refine search results by title, abstract, keyword, source, author, institution and year Support Boolean searches (AND/ OR / AND NOT) Sort articles by relevance, article title, citation count, publication year, ascending/descending Lists articles and the citation count for articles Links articles to MyJurnal and view citing articles Displays the citation report of selected article(s) User can display the citation statistic according to selected year option, by selected year

10 Page of Program Menu Items MyCite Citation Report Malaysian Journal Citation Report Sub-Menu Items Journals listing with bibliometric indices Journal Individual Citation Report Journals listing with sorting options Table : Journal Citation Reports Module in MyCite Description MyCite Citation Report for year 0 Sorted by -year Impact Factor. Shows bibliometric performance of the journals currently indexed in MyCite calculated for issues published between 00 and 0. Individual journal citation report including visualization graphs and tables. User can save citation report in pdf format Malaysian Citation Report sorted by Total citations.shows basic performance of all journals in MyJurnal including those whose journals are not completely indexed in MyCite. Also generate individual journals report and the results can be visualized in graphs and tables and user can save results in pdf formatlists all Malaysian published journals

11 Program Page of Aggregated Journal Citation Report Journals by Subject (Selection) with sorting options Provide individual journal citation report Journals by Publishers Display option Sort journals Listing of joutrnals under subject options. Below is an example of titles listed under subject : Agricultural sciences. Note that listing is confine to titles indexed in MyCite. Display citation report of journals under selected publisher by selected year Displays : Journal name, -year impact factor, yearly impact factor, immediacy index, cited half-life and h-index Display the journals according to selected display option Sort journals by journal name, yearly impact factor, -year impact factor, immediacy index, cited half-life or h-index. Sort journals arranged in selected ascending / descending order The Added Value: Performance Reports Generated by MyCite For Authors Users can search for any author s name and MyCite display authors names with affiliation, country, total publications authored, total citaions received and his h index (Table ). The inclusion of affliation and country information help users identify the correct individual(s) searched for. MyCite generates reports of the top authors by their total publication, and the results indicate that authors from Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) are active contributors to national journals (Table ). Table : Display Format for an Author Search in MyCite Authors Affiliation Country Publications Citations H-index Masjuki, H.H. University of Malaya Malaysia Table : Report Generated on thetop 0 Authors Ranked by Total Publications in MyCite No. Authors Total Publications Total Citations h-index Affiliation Son, R. 0 UPM Zainab, A.N. 0 UM Lee, H.L. IMR Sherina, M.S. 0 UPM Nazni, W.A. 0 IMR Jamaluddin Md. Jahi 0 UKM Zaini Hamzah UiTM Abdul Samad Hadi UKM Abdul Hadi Harman Shah UKM Abdullah, S. UKM Mohd. Ekhwan Toriman UKM Abdullah, B.J.J. UKM Saidur, R. UM Yap, C.K. 0 UPM Harwant, S. 0 - Katiman Rosman 0 UKM Salmiah Ahmad 0 MPOB Gasim, Muhammad Barzani UKM Ahmad Saat UiTM 0 Masjuki, H.H. UM IMR: Institute of Medical Research, MPOB: Malaysian Palm Oil Board, UiTM: Universiti Teknologi Mara, UKM: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UM: Universiti Malaya, UPM: Universiti Putra Malaysia

12 Page of Program For Journals MyCite extracts from MyJurnal bibliographic data on journals, the articles published as well as the references in each article in order to calculate total publications and citation scores. Value is added to each journal indexed by providing information about its article productivity, total citations received and its h index (Table ). Besides this, MyCite, through its journal citation report module provides bibliometric indices, such as -year and -year impact factors, immediacy index (how soon articles are cited in a the year of calculation) and cited half-life (the average span of years that articles receive citations before it tapers off) (Table ). Noted that the results are generated from journals that are indexed in MyCite only. This means that not all journals indexed in MyJurnal are reported in MyCite. The results indicate that journals that are covered for longer number of years in MyCite tended to perform better with their h-index scores. Also, journals in the AHSS fields are performing well within Malaysia obtaining scores on most indices. Journals Table : Display of Titles under Search for Medical journal Publications Citations H-index Medical Journal of Malaysia 0 0 Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences 0 Biomedical Imaging and Intervention Journal Journal of the University of Malaya Medical Centre International Medical Journal Malaysia Medical Health Reviews 0 0 Table : Journals Indexed in MyCite Ranked by Yearly Impact Factor (0) No. Journals Total Articles ( yrs) Jurnal Komunikasi, Malaysian Journal of Communication GEMA Online Journal of Language Studies Total Articles ( yrs) Total Citation s ( yrs) Total Citations ( yrs) Year Impact Factor Impact Factor 0 Immediacy Index Cited Halflife International Food Research Journal Malaysian Journal of Economic Studies Malaysian Journal of Nutrition English Teacher International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Journal of Tropical Forest Science Journal of Engineering Science and Technology (JESTEC) Malaysian Journal of Microbiology Journal of Information and Communication Technology Geografia: Malaysian Journal of Society and Space Engineering e-transaction International Journal of Asia-Pacific Studies Asian Journal of Business and Accounting Malaysian Journal of Soil Science L The Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies Journal of Fundamental Sciences Asian Academy of Management Journal of Accounting and Finance 0 Medical Journal of Malaysia h- Index

13 Program Page of Sains Malaysiana Bulletin of the Malaysian Mathematical Sciences Society Tropical Biomedicine e-bangi Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Medicine & Health Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities Journal of Oil Palm Research Asia-Pacific Journal of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Malaysian Journal of Library & Information Science 0 ASM Science Journal Akademika Jurnal Sains Kemasyarakatan dan Kemanusiaan International Medical Journal Malaysia International Journal of Management Studies Journal of Nuclear and Related Technologies Solid State Science and Technology International e-journal of Science, Medicine & Education Journal of the University of Malaya Medical Centre Malaysian Orthopaedic Journal Jurnal Pengajian Media Malaysia JATI - Journal of Southeast Asian Studies Jurnal Syariah International Journal of Institutions and Economies Malaysian Journal of Computer Science > Journal of Al-Tamaddun Kemanusiaan The Asian Journal of Humanities (formerly Jurnal Ilmu Kemanusian) Malaysian Journal of Pathology Malaysian Journal of Mathematical Sciences Malaysian Family Physician Journal of Sustainability Science And Management 0 Biomedical Imaging and Intervention Journal Sari: Jurnal Alam dan Tamaddun Melayu Archives of Orofacial Sciences Asian Academy of Management Journal Malaysian Journal of Community Health ELEKTRIKA: Journal of Electrical Engineering Jebat: Malaysian Journal of History, Politics and Strategic Studies Journal of Construction in Developing Countries Journal of Physical Science Malaysian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science 0 Malaysian Journal of Learning & Instruction

14 Page of Program Kajian Malaysia (Journal of Malaysian Studies) Jurnal Pendidikan Malaysia (Malaysian Journal of Education) (formerly Jurnal Pendidikan) Malaysian Journal of ELT Research Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry Jurnal Kemanusiaan Malaysian Journal of Environmental Management Asian Journal of University Education Asiatic IIUM Journal of English Language and Literature Malaysian Accounting Review Asia-pacific Management Accounting Journal Journal of International Studies Malaysian Polymer Journal International Journal of Banking and Finance IIUM Journal Of Economics & Management Medical Health Reviews For Institutions In Malaysia, institutions are often required to show their performance in research and development and this results in a healthy competition in securing research grants, as well as in attracting and retaining high-performing staff and outstanding research students, both nationally and internationally. Whilst research productivity in universal databases such as WoS and Scopus is available, performance at the national levels cannot be gauged. Performance in terms of publication and citation counts is obtainable from MyCite (Table ). Note that the performance displayed in MyCite is based on the journals indexed. Within Malaysia, the universities dominate with the exception of Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Institute for Medical Research, Hospital Kuala Lumpur and Malaysian Nuclear Agency which are government-based agencies. Table : Top 0 Institutions Ranked by Total Publications in MyCite No. Institutions Total Publications Total Citations h-index Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Universiti Putra Malaysia 0 University of Malaya Universiti Sains Malaysia Universiti Teknologi MARA 0 Universiti Teknologi Malaysia International Islamic University Malaysia 0 Universiti Malaysia Terengganu Universiti Malaysia Sabah Universiti Malaysia Sarawak Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre International Medical University Universiti Utara Malaysia Malaysian Palm Oil Board University of Malaya Medical Centre Forest Research Institute Malaysia Institute for Medical Research Hospital Kuala Lumpur Malaysian Nuclear Agency 0 Universiti Tun Hussein Onn

15 Program Page of For countries Malaysian authors do collaborate with authors affliated to foreign institutions. Records from MyCite by country indicate that foreign-based authors are either publishing in Malaysian journals or are co-authoring with Malaysian authors (Figure ). This happens more frequently in the sciences and medical fields. Based on the top ten country-based authors, the highest came from India, followed by Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States. It cannot be ascertained as to the nature of the contribution or collaboration as it may be due to supervervisee/supervisor relations or genuine institutional collaboration between research groups. Among the Asean countries, the presence of authors from Indonesia, Thailand and Singapore is indicated. Figure : Top Country-based Works Ranked by Total Publications in Total Malaysia India Australia United Kingdom United States Indonesia 0 Iran 0 Thailand 0 Japan 0 Singapore Malaysia India Australia United Kingdom United States Indonesia Iran Thailand Japan Singapore Bibliographic Control of Malaysian Scholarly Journals MyCite is supported by MyJurnal a journal management system that indexes Malaysian journals. Hence, once the indexing of Malaysian scholarly journals becomes more comprehensive, complete bibliographic control of Malaysian scholarly journals will become possible. The added bonus of this situation is that MyCite could collate all journal information as well as provide full-text access to a record where conditions allow for it. This situation is expected to increase use of the journals content as well as their citedness. Limitating Situations The development of MyCite was not without its problems. The main problems arise from the limited access to the contents of the journals themselves. Journal publishers are often unaware of the importance of being indexed in universal or national indices. Many are still cautious about giving access to full-text articles. Copyright issues and plagiarism still bother publishers. This can be reduced with future roadshows to meet publishers, (estimated to be over 00) to inform about the functions of MyCite and MyJurnal as a service and the need to collaborate fruitfully to improve the accessand availability of Malaysian contents to the world. Secondly, the quality of some journals needs to be improved. One good example is the problems faced by indexers to ascertain variant names of authors and institutions. Some authors adopt several variant forms of their

16 Page of Program name in their publications. This inconsistency affects the counting of their publication productivity and citations (Table ). In MyCite this was solved by merging the variant names when counting, whilst still displaying the variant forms as originally found in the articles. This is especially a problem for Malay women who sometimes have opted to use both their father s name and their personal names in their various articles published in Malaysian journals (Table ). The unique situation about Malay names which do not have a family surname and the problems in authorship identification is highlighted in Zainab (). This problems are solved by the author aliases management module in MyJurnal. However, this situation may have jeopardized the correctness of reports returned upon searches.this limitation can be solved by adding an author_variation table to the database allowing the system administrators to map the variant author names. The additional table will consist of the variant author names, the author IDs associated with those names, as well as the name to be displayed. This author_variation table will allow all the citation counts and searches to include all the variant names belonging to a given author. Accuracy will be maintained as the mapping itself will be performed only by the system administrators and all the variant author names belonging to a single author will be mapped using the author_id primary key. An author can inform the administrative staff of the various names that they use, which can be added once verified as being valid. Table : Problems of Inconsistant Adoption of Names by an Author Authors Affiliation Country Publications Citations H-index Nazni, W.A. Institute for Medical Research Malaysia 0 Nazni Wasi Ahmad Institute for Medical Research Malaysia Nazni, W.A. Institute of Medical Research Malaysia 0 0 Huq, Naznin Afrose University of Dhaka Bangladesh 0 0 Nazni, W. Institute for Medical Research Malaysia 0 0 Nazni Wasi Ahma University of Malaya Malaysia 0 0 Table : An Example of Inconsistent Adoption of Names by a Woman Author Authors Affiliation Country Publications Citations H-index Ku Ruhana Ku Mahamud Ku Mahamud, K.R. Universiti Utara Malaysia Malaysia Another limiting situation is the variation of referencing style adopted by authors in a single journal or in some instances within the same article. We estimate there are about 0 referencing styles used by authors publishing in Malaysian journals.this may be caused by authors disregard of publishers instructions or editorials or publisher being relaxed over the format of submissions. These situations posed problems in fine tuning the reference algorithmn (reference editor) as poor referencing may result in citation lost. Conclusion and Discussion MyCite is a Citation Indexing system and was developed in-house collaboratively between Malaysian Citation Centre and the Information Technology Centre University of Malaya. Currently, it is available gratis to the global community in the hope to increase the visibility of Malaysian scholarly journals. In summary, the accessibility of Malaysian scholarly journals is a problem for researchers who find it difficult to locate and access the contents of Malaysian-based journals. Problems are also faced by the journal publishers, who cannot sustain the currency and frequency of their issues and are unaware of the citation performance of articles they publish. Problems are equally faced by information professionals and librarians who find it difficult to locate a complete listing of Malaysian journals or to bibliographically control the journals that are available or those that have ceased. MyCite through MyJurnal attempts to control Malaysian scholarly journals bibliographically and at the same time report on their performance through bibliometric indices, which are common to most other citation indices. In summary MyCite has made it possible to (a) gauge Malaysian publication performance at both author and institutional levels; (b) motivate Malaysian journal publishers to contribute and request for indexing of their

17 Program Page of journals in order to improve the availability and visibility of the journals they publish; (c) contribute to enriching national research content; (d) provide better knowledge of Malaysian s research outputs funded by universities and research institutions; and (e) improve information access to end-users. MyCite empowers the scholarly community of users and can support utility at the national level. This would provide access to published Malaysian scholarly works and should trigger collaboration and citations. Also, the development of national citation indexes amongst Asian countries is becoming important regional agenda and there are talks about the feasibility of for example an ASEAN Citation Index in the near future to bring regional research findings more visible and accessible. Acknowledgement We acknowledge the UMRG grant (RG0ICT) provided by the University of Malaya for the period September 0 to December 0 and the support given by the Malaysian Citation Centre, Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia for the development of the system. References Abu-Bakar, M., Shahruddin, S. and Shamsudin, I. (00), Perkembangan dan Kemajuan Penerbitan Jurnal Malaysia: Strategi ke Persada Antarabangsa, in Persidangan Kebangsaan Penerbitan Ilmiah, Kuala Lumpu, - April 00. Kuala Lumpur: MAPIM, pp.-. Adams, A., Blandford, A. and Lunt, P.(00), Social empowerment and exclusion: a case study on digital libraries,acm Transactions on Computer Human Interaction, Vol. no., pp.-00. Bhushan, B. and lal, B.(). Indian Science Citation Index: a strategy. Program:electronic library and information system, Vol. no., pp.-. Cameron, B.D. (00), Trends in the usage of ISI biblometric data: uses, abuses and implications, Portal: Libraries and the Academy, Vol. no., pp.-. Chen, K.H.(00). The construction of the Taiwan Humanities Citation Index,Online Information Review, Vol., no., pp -. Chinese Social Sciences Research Evaluation Centre. ( 0), Available at Accessed on January 0. Chui, S.L. (),The applications and construction of Taiwan Science and Technology Citation Index database,taipei, National Science Council of Taiwan (In Chinese). Guo, G.M and Hung, P.T. (00), Taiwan medicinal and life science citation indexing system. Accessed on March 0. Hirsch, J.E. (00), An index to quantify an individual s scientific research output, inproceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. no., pp.-. ICI: Indian Citation Index. Available at ICI. Accessed on January 0. Garfield, E. (), Citation analysis as a tool in journal evaluation, Science, No., -. Indeks majalah Malaysia = Malaysian periodical index. -,Kuala lumpur, National Library of Malaysia. Md-Sidin. (), Penerbitan Jurnal ilmiah di Malaysia, inpenerbitan Jurnal Ilmiah di Malaysia,Kuala Lumpur, Penerbit Universiti Malaya, pp. -. Meng, L.S. (), Construction of Chinese Science Index database and its application prospects,journal of the Chinese Society for Scientific and Scientific Information, Vol., no.0, pp 0-. MyULIS: Malaysian Union List of Serials. Available at : Negishi, M., Sun, Y. and Shigi, K. (00), Citation database for Japanese papers: a new bibliometric tool for Japanese academic socity, Scientometrics, Vol.0 no.,pp. -. Normah, B. (), Malaysian serials: issues and problems, th IFLA Council and General Conference, Bangkok, Thailand, August 0-,, pp. -. National Conference on Scholarly Publishing = Persidangan Kebangsaan Penerbitan Ilmiah. - April 00, Hotel Seri Pacific, Kuala Lumpur. Kuala Lumpur: MAPIM, 00 Regional Conference on Scholarly Journal Publishing (00), Organized by UKM Press on the - March 00, Pan Pacific Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, MAPIM.