Liberty High. School

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1 qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqw ertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwert yuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyui Liberty High opasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopa sdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdf School ghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghj klzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklz Research xcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcv Handbook bnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbn mqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmq Updated: 1/28/2014 wertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwe Jeanne Mayo, Media Specialist rtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwerty uiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuio pasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopas dfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfg hjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjk lzxcvbnmrtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbn mqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmq

2 StudentLastName 1 Liberty High School Research Resources There are many resources available to help you do research. In order to access these, visit Destiny will provide you with access to databases, ebooks, and the online catalog of the print sources housed in our library. Pathfinders will have other information compiled by your teacher for specific assignments. You will need a research sticker with usernames and passwords to use the databases from home. How to Document Your Resources in MLA Format Make Purdue Online Writing Lab a bookmark or Favorite on your personal web browser: Learn how to do this for yourself. Do not rely on sources such as Bibme, Citation Machine, or EasyBib. If you feed it the wrong information, the entire entry will be incorrect. Also, copying citations directly from online sources, even the bottom of database articles, must be checked and reformatted to meet the General Guidelines of font and spacing. WHAT ABOUT GOOGLE? How do I cite Google? What about Google Images? DO NOT CITE GOOGLE. Google finds items but does not own, have authority, create or hold the resource. You must find the party responsible for the information. Google Images is a search for images. The search does not own images. You must find the original owner of the image. In Google Images, there is a link to the right of the image that says "Visit Page." Sometimes this link goes to a page and there is no information on the origination, creator, name or owner of image. If there isn't enough information to cite an image, locate a more credible image.

3 StudentLastName 2 Guidelines for Formatting Your Paper Set the margins of your document to 1 inch on all sides. (Many default systems do not match. Set your own default!) Type and print your paper on standard, white 8.5 x 11-inch paper. Double-space the text of your paper, and use Times New Roman 12 pt. Create a header in the upper right-hand corner that includes your last name, followed by a space with a page number; number all pages consecutively with Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3, 4, etc.), one-half inch from the top and flush with the right margin. In the upper left-hand corner of the first page, list your name, your instructor's name, the course, and the date in European form (Example: 11 February 2013). Again, be sure to use double-spaced text. See the example in this booklet! Double space again and center the title. Do not underline, italicize, or place your title in quotation marks; write the title in Title Case (standard capitalization), not in all capital letters. Double space between the title and the first line of the text. Indent the first line of paragraphs one half-inch from the left margin. MLA recommends that you use the Tab key as opposed to pushing the Space Bar five times. Leave only one space after periods or other punctuation marks. Use italics throughout your essay for the titles of longer works. Use quotation marks and/or italics when referring to other works in your title, just as you would in your text: Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas as Morality Play; Human Weariness in "After Apple Picking".

4 StudentLastName 3 EXAMPLE FIRST PAGE: Smith 1 John Smith Mr. Washington British Literature January 1, 2014 Title of Your Paper This is where you will start your paper. Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah Blah... Internal Citations: from Cornell University Library- ( In MLA style, writers place references to sources in the paper to briefly identify them and enable readers to find them in the Works Cited list. These parenthetical references should be kept as brief and as clear as possible. Give only the information needed to identify a source. Usually the author's last name and a page reference suffice. Place the parenthetical reference as close as possible its source. Insert the parenthetical reference where a pause would naturally occur, preferably at the end of a sentence. Information in the parenthesis should complement, not repeat, information given in the text. If you include an author's name in a sentence, you do not need to repeat it in your parenthetical statement. The parenthetical reference should precede the punctuation mark that concludes the sentence, clause, or phrase that contains the cited material.

5 StudentLastName 4 Internal Citations Continued: Electronic and online sources are cited just like print resources in parenthetical references. If an online source lacks page numbers, omit numbers from the parenthetical references. If an online source includes fixed page numbers or section numbering, such as numbering of paragraphs, cite the relevant numbers. Examples: Author s name in text: Dickens has expressed his concern ( ). Author s name in reference: This concern has been expressed (Dickens ). Multiple authors of a work: The theory was proved correct based on the hypothesis (Bradley and Rogers 7). Two locations: Williams alludes to this premise (136-39, 145). Two works cited: (Burns 54; Thomas 327). Works with no author*: stated by the presidential commission (Report 4). *When a work has no author, use the work's title or a shortened version of the title when citing it in text. (If abbreviating a title, omit initial articles and begin with the word by which it is alphabetized in the Works Cited list.): Online source without numbered pages: on climate change (Howe). Example Paragraph with an Internal Citation: Every chapter began with a captivating simple sentence; chapter two began with, I was on fire (Walls 9). Immediately, the reader wants to continue reading, wondering why she was on fire. This was one modest tool she used to keep the reader interested- starting with the climax and then telling the story. Example courtesy of K. Beck.

6 StudentLastName 5 Works Cited: Works Cited is a list of sources that you have incorporated within your paper. It is not a list of all the works that you found that addressed your topic. See example on page 3 of this document. 1. An alphabetical list of your sources begins with a title centered one inch from the top of the page. 2. After the title, double-space once and begin your list of entries following the forms given below. Each entry begins at the left margin, and any additional lines are indented five spaces or a standard tab key (Hanging indent). 3. The list is double-spaced within each entry and double-spaced between each additional entry. 4. For instructors who still wish to require the use of URLs, MLA suggests that the URL appear in angle brackets after the date of access. Break URLs only after slashes. Stop the URL after the domain ie.com or.edu. For example: Aristotle. Poetics. Trans. S. H. Butcher. The Internet Classics Archive. Web Atomic and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 13 Sept Web. 4 Nov When a publication or database does not indicate the publisher, the place or date of publication, or the pagination, use the following symbols: n.p. No place of publication given n.d. No date of publication given n.p. No publisher given n. pag. No pagination given 6. Note: Titles of works are no longer underlined; they are italicized. Example: The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Important Note: citation generator websites may not perfectly cite your sources according to MLA format; consult the sample citations for verification.

7 StudentLastName 6 Here is an Example of a correctly formatted works cited page. You can use the key below to determine the type of resource. Works Cited Brubaker, Bill. "New Health Center Targets County's Uninsured Patients." Washington Post 24 May 2007: LZ01. Print. "Coalition defines clear path for climate action." Environmental Defense Fund. Environmental Defense Fund, May Web. 10 February Dean, Cornelia. "Executive on a Mission: Saving the Planet." New York Times. New York Times, 22 May Web. 25 May Ebert, Roger. "An Inconvenient Truth." Rev. of An Inconvenient Truth, dir. Davis Guggenheim. rogerebert.com. Sun-Times News Group, 2 June Web. 24 May Goya, Francisco. The Family of Charles IV Museo Nacional del Prado, Madrid. Museo National del Prado. Web. 22 May Harris, Muriel. Talk to Me: Engaging Reluctant Writers. A Tutor s Guide: Helping WritersOne to One. Ed. Ben Rafoth. Portsmouth: Heinemann, Print. An Inconvenient Truth. Dir. Davis Guggenheim. Perf. Al Gore, Billy West. Paramount, DVD. Leroux, Marcel. Global Warming: Myth Or Reality?: The Erring Ways of Climatology. New York: Springer, Print.

8 StudentLastName 7 Milken, Michael, Gary Becker, Myron Scholes, and Daniel Kahneman. "On Global Warming and Financial Imbalances." New Perspectives Quarterly 23.4 (2006): 63. Print. Nordhaus, William D. "After Kyoto: Alternative Mechanisms to Control Global Warming." American Economic Review 96.2 (2006): Print. ***MLA dictates formats for citing ANYTHING, including tweets! Check out that Purdue site. (Brubaker LZ01) ( Coalition ) (Dean) (Ebert) (Goya) (Harris 24) (An Inconvenient Truth) (Leroux 12) (Milken 63) Nordhaus and ---. Article with an author from a newspaper in print Article on a website with no author Article with an author from an online newspaper Video online Image online Work in an anthology, reference, or collection Movie Book with subtitle Multiple authors (for any source) Multiple works by one author

9 StudentLastName 8 MLA FORMATION CHART General book format Two or three authors Magazine Entire website Page from website Page from website with unknown author Pollan, Michael. The Omnivore s Dilemma. New York: Penguin Group, Print. Bell, James K., and Adrian A. Cohn. Poniewozik, James. TV Makes a Too-Close Call. Time 20 Nov. 2000: Print. United States Environmental Protection Agency. Drinking Water Standards. EPA, 8 July Web. 24 Jan Shiva, Vandana. Bioethics: A Third World Issue. Nativeweb. Nativeweb, n.d. Web. 22 Feb Media Giants. Frontline: The Merchants of Cool. PBS Online, Web. 7 Feb Image from a website Goya, Francisco. The Family of Charles IV Museo Nacional del Prado, Madrid. Museo Nacional del Prado. Web. 22 May Online book Milton, John. Paradise Lost: Book I. Poetryfoundation.org. Poetry Foundation, Web. 14 Dec Portion of an online book Article in an online journal Article in an online magazine/ newspaper Entire blog Response in a blog Video or film Podcast/YouTube Lecture/Public address Adams, Henry. Diplomacy. The Education Of Henry Adams. By Adams. Boston: Houghton, N. pag. Bartleby.com: Great Books Online. Web. 8 Jan Brent, Henry E. Professionalization of the Ph.D Degree. The Journal of Higher Education 30.3 (1959): Web. 5 Dec Bernstein, Mark. 10 Tips on Writing the Living Web. A List Apart: For People Who Make Websites. A List Apart Mag., 16 Aug Web. 4 May Mayer, Caroline. The Checkout. Washington Post, 10 Jan Web. 19 Jan Editor, screen name, author, or compiler name (if available). Posting Title. Name of Site. Version number (if available). Name of institution/organization affiliated with the site (sponsor or publisher). An Inconvenient Truth. Dir. David Guggenheim. Narr. Al Gore. Paramount, DVD. Murphy, Beth. Tips for a Good Profile Piece. Project: Report. YouTube, 7 Sept Web. 19 Sept Teplin, Linda A. et. Al. Early Violent Death in Delinquent Youth: A Prospective Longitudinal Study. Annual Meeting of the American Psychology-Law-Society. La Jolla, California. March, Presentation.

10 StudentLastName 9 How to Avoid Plagiarism: What exactly is plagiarism? Examples of plagiarism How can teachers tell when you have plagiarized? What will happen if you get caught? How can you avoid the wrath of the plagiarism "gods"? When you use someone else's words, ideas, or work and attempt to claim it as your own Plagiarizing words: -Buying a paper online -Having someone write a paper for you -Cutting and pasting from the internet -Copying someone's homework Ideas: -Turning in a sibling/friend's project -Building on someone else's ideas without proper citations Work: -Letting someone else do all of the work and putting your name on it -Having your dad build your cathedral project for history -We know you and your writing style. -Your work is too similar to someone else's. -You are not able to confidently express your ideas about the issue or project or answer any questions concerning what you have turned in. -When what you have claimed is not common knowledge. For example, even if you are paraphrasing someone else's words about the Protestant Reformation, if we know this information is new to you, you should be citing the source of your newfound knowledge. -Just like there are sites "out there" to sell student's papers, there are sites "out there" to review papers for plagiarism. 1st Offense: Zero on the assignment in question and parent conference. 2nd Offense: Out of school suspension of up to three days, zero on the assignment in question and parent conference. 3rd Offense: Failure of the course and possible removal from class. -Know when you do and do not need to document where you found your information. When in doubt...cite! -Always keep track of where you are finding things- use bibliographic entries to help you keep track of your sources. -Remember that regardless of whether you are paraphrasing, summarizing, or quoting text or ideas (directly and indirectly) you should cite. When all else fails...ask! Moral of the story: You are an intelligent and hardworking student who does not need to claim other people's ideas and work as your own. Use your researching skills, your common sense, and your honesty to keep you on the straight and narrow. Losing the trust of your teachers, parents, and peers can be devastating to your academic and social future. Don't risk it! Based off of : Margaret Lincoln's Cheating: An Insider's Guide

11 StudentLastName 10 Note Taking: Regardless of whether you are handwriting or typing your notes Avoid plagiarism by including information about the source of your informationespecially when cutting and pasting!!! 2. The more information you can provide about your source, the easier it will be in the end. 3. Consider keeping a working bibliography using an online citation generator. 4. Come up with an organizational plan- 6 pages of notes in Microsoft Word can be overwhelming when you begin writing an outline or writing your paper. Paraphrasing: When you paraphrase an author's idea, you must write the idea in your own words and not just change a few of the author's words or cut and paste from the Internet. Original source: "The writer has aimed high and then summoned every ounce of energy, talent, seriousness and passion of which he was capable" (Krutch 370). Incorrect paraphrase: The writer aimed high and summoned all the elements of creativity which he could (Krutch 370). Even though you have cited the author's idea in your paper, you have followed his words so closely that you are still plagiarizing. If you believe that the words the author used to state his ideas are important, you should quote him exactly. Correct paraphrase: Steinbeck has used all his creative capabilities to produce this exceptionally good work (Krutch 370).

12 StudentLastName 11 Some other common questions and the answers from O.W.L. at Purdue: How do I use ellipses? The only time an ellipsis is needed is when you omit a word or words from the middle of a quotation. Indicate the deleted word or words by using ellipsis marks, which are three periods (... ) preceded and followed by a space. For example: In an essay on urban legends, Jan Harold Brunvand notes that "some individuals make a point of learning every recent rumor or tale... and in a short time a lively exchange of details occurs" (78). How do I quote longer passages? You should use a block quotation when the quotation extends more than four typed lines on the page. A block quotation is removed from the main body of your text. Indent one inch from the main margin (the equivalent of two half-inch paragraph indentations) and begin your quote. Maintain double spacing throughout, but you do not need to use quotation marks. Gatsby experiences a moment of clarity while standing with Daisy on his dock. Fitzgerald writes: Possibly it had occurred to him that the colossal significance of that light had now to him vanished forever. Compared to the great distance that had separated him from Daisy it had seemed very near to her, almost touching her. It had seemed as close as a star to the moon. Now it was again a green light on a dock. His count of enchanted objects had diminished by one. (98)

MLA System- The Most Frequent And The Most Important Stuff

MLA System- The Most Frequent And The Most Important Stuff 1. FIRST PAGE Do not make a title page for your paper unless specifically requested. In the upper left-hand corner of the first page, list your