Multiple Pathways to Success Quarter 2 Learning Module. Aligned with Maryland State Standards TCOMMON CORE. Social Studies World History

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1 Multiple Pathways to Success Quarter 2 Learning Module Aligned with Maryland State Standards TCOMMON CORE. Social Studies World History Prince George's County Public Schools Board of Education of Prince George's County, Maryland PGCPS ev e40.

2 World History 2nd Quarter Learning Module DBQ: Enlightenment & Revolution Some things you should know: DBQ stands for Document Based Question. A DBQ is a type of essay that provides you with documents to serve as sources of information for your writing. A DBQ is not necessarily designed to assess your content knowledge but rather to guide you in the practice of thinking like an historian as you will be prompted to analyze, evaluate, and synthesize the information presented in a series of primary and secondary sources. How to Write a DBQ Essay: Step #1: Unlock the Prompt Read the Historical Context to begin brainstorming ideas for writing your introduction. Take a look at the Historical Context for this essay below. Historical Context: A society's culture is made up of many different elements including literature, music, and art Intellectual movements such as the Enlightenment influenced European culture. The ideas expressed in European literature and art spread to the New World and contributed to political change within Europe itself. Brainstorm: What time periods/societies/areas of the world come to mind? Identify (if possible): WHO: WHAT: WHEN: WHERE: Read the Task below. Task: Using the information from the documents and your knowledge of global history, write an essay in which you: * Describe how Enlightenment ideals were expressed in literature and the arts. * Explain how these works helped to spread a new social order across Europe and the Americas. * Discuss the changing cultural attitudes that were represented.

3 o Circle action verbs. o Underline important ideas/details. o Restate the prompt expectations as a thesis statement. Sample Thesis: Enlightenment ideals are expressed vividly expressed in the arts and literature of the 18th century. These ideas led to great upheaval across Europe and the Americas. Your Preliminary Thesis: Step #2: Close Reading of the Documents Begin by conducting a first read, reading each document just to get the gist. Then, go back and conduct a Close Read. Be sure to Mark Up the Text as you examine each document. Finally, answer each of the scaffolding questions that accompany the given texts. Step #3: Responding to the Prompt Outline your thoughts: In your body paragraphs, you should use 4 out of the 6 documents total. That would equal out to 2 documents for each of the body paragraphs (or 1 per topic). Historical Context Sentence: Intro Thesis: Body Paragraph #1 Topic: Document #s: Details: Body Paragraph #2 Topic: Document #s: Details: Restated Thesis: Conclusion Now, WRITE your essay and revise according to the Scoring Rubric.

4 Mark Up the Text Number Each Paragraph Cip Circle key words or details you want to remember. 7 Put a question mark over things you find confusing or have questions about. Put an exclamation mark over things you find interesting. E Use an E to note Evidence you find in the text. IIIII*Draw an arrow next to parts you make connections to. Write important THOUGHTS in the margin.

5 Part III: Document-Based Questions Theme: Culture This question is designed to test your ability to work with historical documents. Your answer will be based on the eight documents that follow. Some of the documents have been edited for the purposes of the question. As you analyze each document, take into account its source and any point of view that may be presented in the document. In developing your answer to Part III, be sure to keep these general definitions in mind: Describe means "to illustrate something in words or tell about it." Explain means "to make plain or understandable; to give reasons for or causes of; to show the logical development or relationships of." Discuss means "to make observations about something using facts, reasoning, and argument; to present in some detail." Historical Context: A society's culture is made up of many different elements including literature, music, and art. Intellectual movements such as the Enlightenment influenced European culture. The ideas expressed in European literature and art spread to the New World and contributed to political change within Europe itself. Task: Using information from the documents and your knowledge of world history, write an essay in which you: Describe how Enlightenment ideals were expressed in literature and the arts. Explain how these works helped to spread a new social order across Europe and the Americas. Discuss the changing cultural attitudes that were represented. Part A: Short-Answer Questions Directions: Analyze the documents and answer the short-answer questions that follow each document in the space provided. Document 1 To understand political power aright, and derive it from its original, we must consider what estate all men are naturally in, and that is, a state of perfect freedom to order their actions, and dispose of their possessions and persons as they think fit, within the bounds of the law of Nature, without asking leave or depending upon the will of any other man. John Locke, The Second Treatise of Civil Government, 1690 No man has received from nature the right to give orders to others. Freedom is a gift from heaven, and every individual of the same species has the right to enjoy it as soon as he is in enjoyment of his reason. Denis Diderot, Encyclopedia, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. 59

6 In short, it is the greatest absurdity to suppose it in the power of one, or any number of men, at the entering into society, to renounce their essential natural rights, or the means of preserving those rights; when the grand end of civil government, from the very nature of its institution, is for the support, protection, and defence of those very rights; the principal of which, as is before observed, are Life, Liberty, and Property. Samuel Adams, "The Rights of the colonists;' What common idea do all three writers express? 2. How did Locke's philosophy influence revolutionaries in France and the British colonies? 3. How did the United States incorporate the idea of natural law into its new form of government? Document 2 In this 1778 letter from the composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart to his father, Mozart criticizes the singer Meissner for using an old-fashioned vocal style: Meissner, as you know, has the bad habit of purposely making his voice tremble, marking thus entire quarter and eighth notes; I never could endure it in him. It is indeed despicable and contrary to all naturalness in song.true the human voice trembles of itself, but only in a degree that remains beautiful; it is in the nature of the voice. We imitate it not only on wind instruments but also on the viols and even on the clavier. But as soon as you overstep the limit it is no longer beautiful because it is contrary to nature. 4. What does Mozart dislike about Meissner's singing style? 5. Why is the exaggerated trembling "no longer beautiful," according to Mozart? 6. How does Mozart's preference reflect the ideas of the Enlightenment? 60 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. All rights reserved.

7 Document 3 The Bench by William Hogarth, 1758: 7. How does Hogarth depict the justice system in his painting? Source: The Yorck Project 8. What details of Hogarth's work illustrate his opinion of the judges? 9. How does this painting relate to Enlightenment ideals? Document 4 Paul Revere's engraving of the Boston Massacre CD Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall, All rights reserved. 61

8 10. Why did newspapers grow in popularity during the American Revolution? 11. Is Revere an objective source for this visual account of the Boston Massacre? Why or why not? 12. How was art such as this engraving intended to influence the colonists? Document 5 From Robert Owen's address to the inhabitants of New Lanark, the Utopian working-class commune he established in 1816: This Institution, when all its parts shall be completed, is intended to produce permanently beneficial effects; and... to effect a complete and thorough improvement in the internal as well as external character of the whole village. For this purpose the Institution has been devised to afford the means of receiving your children at an early age, as soon almost as they can walk... As they advance in years, they will be regularly instructed in the rudiments of common learning; which, before they shall be six years old, they may be taught in a superior manner. These stages may be called the first and second preparatory schools: and when your children shall have passed through them, they will be admitted into... the general schoolroom for reading, writing, arithmetic, sewing, and knitting; all which, on the plan to be pursued, will be accomplished to a considerable extent by the time the children are ten years old; before which age, none of them will be permitted to enter the works. For the benefit of the health and spirits of the children both boys and girls will be taught to dance, and the boys will be instructed in military exercises; those of each sex who may have good voices will be taught to sing, and those among the boys who have a taste for music will be taught to play upon some instrument. 62 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. All rights reserved.

9 13. How is Owen's vision of a Utopian society an extension of Enlightenment ideals? 14. Who will receive the benefits of the New Lanark institution, according to Owen? 15. Why were children at New Lanark taught to dance? Document 6 Owing to the extensive use of machinery and to division of labor, the work of the proletarians has lost all individual character, and, consequently, all charm for the workman. He becomes ]a limb] of the machine, and it is only the most simple, most monotonous, and most easily acquired knack, that is required of him... From The Communist Manifesto, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, According to Marx and Engels, what has caused the workers to become nothing more than a part of the manufacturing process? 17. Would a utopian community for factory workers solve the problems set out by Marx and Engels? 18. How do Marx and Engels say workers can reclaim their rights and improve their situation? Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. 63

10 Document 7 In the following excerpt, Mary Wollstonecraft discusses the work of James Fordyce, a preacher who published advice for young women: I shall be told, perhaps, that the public have been pleased with these volumes [by Fordyce]....I particularly object to the lover-like phrases of pumped up passion, which are everywhere interspersed. If women be ever allowed to walk without leading-strings, why must they be cajoled into virtue by artful flattery?... Speak to them the language of truth and soberness, and away with the lullaby strains of condescending endearment! Let them be taught to respect themselves as rational creatures, and not led to have a passion for their own insipid persons. It moves my gall to hear a preacher descanting on dress and needle-work; and still more, to hear him address the 'British fair, the fairest of the fair', as if they had only feelings. A Vindication of the Rights of Woman, According to Wollstonecraft, in what ways were women kept from being independent? 20. How does Wollstonecraft suggest men should treat women? 21. Why did women not benefit as much as men from the cultural changes brought about by the Enlightenment? 64 ()Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. All rights reserved.

Document 8 The Shepherdess, Jean-Honoré Fragonard, 1752: La Maraichere (The Fisherwoman), Jacques-Louis David, 1789: Source: Milwaukee Art Museum 22.

11 Document 8 The Shepherdess, Jean-Honoré Fragonard, 1752: La Maraichere (The Fisherwoman), Jacques-Louis David, 1789: Source: Milwaukee Art Museum 22. Is the painting of the shepherdess a realistic portrayal? Explain. 23. How does the subject of The Fisherwoman possibly reflect class issues and unrest in France? 24. Describe the effect each painting might have had on a member of the French working class in Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall, All rights reserved, 65

12 Part B: Essay Directions: Write a well-organized essay that includes an introduction, several paragraphs, and a conclusion. In the body of the essay, use evidence from at least four documents. Support your response with relevant facts, examples, and details. Include additional outside information. Historical Context: A society's culture is made up of many different elements including literature, music, and art. Intellectual movements such as the Enlightenment influenced European culture. The ideas expressed in European literature and art spread to the New World and contributed to political change within Europe itself. Task: Using information from the documents and your knowledge of world history, write an essay in which you: Describe how Enlightenment ideals were expressed in literature and the arts. Explain how these works helped to spread a new social order across Europe and the Americas. Discuss the changing cultural attitudes that were represented. Guidelines: In your essay, be sure to Develop all aspects of the task. Incorporate information from at least four documents. Incorporate relavant outside information. Support the theme with relevant facts, examples, and details. Use a logical and clear plan of organization, including an introduction and conclusion that are beyond a restatement of the theme. 66 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall. All rights reserved.

13 Scoring Rubric: Document Based Question (DBQ) points 2-4 points 0-1 points Thesis well developed good thesis; developed thesis is limited no thesis - provides a clear road map provides a road map with a few confused; does not provide a thesis does not address the analytical main points clear road map question /10 - accurate clearly addresses question comprehensive satisfactorily addresses question beyond simple restatement of question inadequately addresses question simple restatement of question Addresses task all aspects of question are addressed thoroughly and evenly - all aspects of question are addressed, though not evenly or thoroughly most aspects of essay question are addressed essay attempts or fails to address the task /10 Analysis /10 strongly supports thesis throughout evaluates in depth sophisticated Richly supported with relevant facts, examples and details uses comparisons, satisfactorily supports thesis adequate more descriptive than analytical (but attempts to include some analysis) good/complete includes relevant, facts, examples and details limited support of thesis over generalized; lacks analysis simplistic includes some facts and details inadequate support of thesis incorrect or inaccurate no analysis is present includes no use of accurate or relevant facts and details connections where appropriate Use of strongly supports thesis with satisfactorily supports thesis with limited support of thesis inadequate support of thesis Documents /10 appropriate evidence from documents All the information from documents is cited correctly uses info from documents persuasively as evidence; student understands the meaning of documents appropriate evidence from documents Most of the information from documents is cited correctly uses info from documents as evidence, but student only understands basic meaning of documents satisfactory analysis - unclear references/citations of documents Students uses quotes from documents instead of paraphrasing general or simplistic use of documents because students has limited understanding of documents' meaning No documents cited has little or no understanding of documents ineffectual use of documents or no documents used careful, insightful analysis and synthesis uses some documents (at least 3 used) limited use of documents (uses 2 documents) uses at least 4 documents Accuracy /10 may include few minor historical errors that do not detract from quality of essay may include minor errors that somewhat detract from quality of essay - major errors and/or omissions substantial factual errors and/or omissions

14 Organization - Includes a well developed intro and conclusion that appropriately /10 sets up the themes Includes a satisfactory intro and conclusion that sets up basic themes/ideas - Intro and conclusion are present but do not relate to topic and/or are confusing No intro or conclusion present no plan evident well developed satisfactorily developed Essay may be missing an intro considerable grammatical consistently demonstrates a demonstrates a clear and logical or conclusion and spelling errors clear and logical plan of plan of poorly organized organization mostly clearly written lacks focus clearly written - grammatical and spelling errors throughout Total: /60

SPRING SEMESTER JUMP to the TABLE of CONTENTS

SPRING SEMESTER JUMP to the TABLE of CONTENTS SFU Library Home > Research Help > Subject Guides > Western Civilization from the Reformation to the Twentieth Century SPRING SEMESTER 2004 HIST 106-3 Western Civilization from the Reformation to the Twentieth