GENDER DIFFERENCES LANGUAGE IN NOVEL THE WINDOWS

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1 GENDER DIFFERENCES LANGUAGE IN NOVEL THE WINDOWS Mitha Erni A Student of Post-graduate of State University of Medan, Indonesia erni.mitha@yahoo.co.id Ummi Nadhirah Pasaribu A Student of Post-graduate of State University of Medan, Indonesia umminadhirah_pasaribu@yahoo.co.id ABSTRACT This research is entitled Gender Differences Language In Novel The Windows. The objective of this study are to find what differences of gender are found in the Window s novel and to analyze the reason of man and women are different in the Window s novel. This reseach was a qualitative research. The data were taken from some utterances in Windows novel. The result shows that there are three of gender differences found in the windows novel, namely Men Ask, Women Hint, For Women, It's In The Details ( the women more sentimental than men) and she says too much and He says too little. The difference gender are found in this research because the novel has the specific character in each of the figures. It means that the writer want to give the deep impression to the reader about the attitude and the action each of the figures. INTRODUCTION Human being is part of the society. As a part of the society, the human being has function as the social people. It means that, the human being always interact to other people to get the need each other. It occurs because the human being has the different role and status in the society. The differences occur because the society can be differentiated according the religion, social status, job, age, and gender. The varieties of people make the relation which needed each other. Of course, the language is as the major facility to communicate. Finally, the language has the important role to convey the message, idea, and feeling with people. So, in this research, the writer discuss different gender in language which gender is one of discussion in language and communication which discuss about the man and the women in communication. The man and the women have different language style in communication. So, in this research, the writer analyze the different gender in novel. Novel is one of the literature which according Rees (1973) literature is a permanent expression in words of some thoughts or feeling or idea about life and the world and the meaning of novel according Grambs (1925) a work of prose fiction, usually an extended narrative that tells a story or uses incidents to dramatize human experience and individual characters. A novel can be analyzed in several points of view. It can be analyzed from the emotion,moral, social and gender. So, in this research, the novel will be analyzed from the different gender of the figure in novel. The novel that the writer want to analyze is windows Novel by Fira basuki. This novel is a novel about the life of a young couple. June is the main 49

2 character, unfold the story. She tells about her past, her friends, and many other story related to her life.this novel takes place in different place such as USA, Singapore, and Indonesia. In this research, the writer analyzes the different gender of the person in that novel, especially the man and the women who become the major character in the story.so, here, the writer, discuss the title Gender difference language in novel Windows. LITERATURE REVIEW Definition of Gender In this research, the writer give some meaning of gender according some experts, which, it is used to make easier the term of gender, so, this research can be understood by the reader. There are some meaning of gender, such as : - Gender refers to the social identities, expectations and privileges different cultures construct for members of the different biological sexes. - Gender is defined by FAO as the relations between men and women, both perceptual and material. In other side,butler ( 1999) stated that gender is a phenomenon that we produce and reproduce all the time, by doing the things we do and acting the way we act. Difference of Gender According Dr. Amy Johnson, Psychologist, there are some difference of gender, such as : 1. Men Ask, Women Hint Men are socialized to make direct requests, while women are socialized to put others' needs above their own. How does this play out in relationships? Women often expect men to read their minds and know what they want without actually telling them. If women can ease into asking for what they want instead of leaving their guy to guess, they'll get much more of it with no mindreading necessary. 2. For Women, It's In The Details When she says, "Do you remember that sweater I wore on our second date?" He hears her say, "If you cared, you'd remember!" 3. Problems: Listening Vs. Solving When a woman has a problem, a man offers solutions. Often, she's simply looking for understanding and validation. And a woman tends to give men what she'd want: a shoulder to cry on, which is often the last thing he wants. As a rule of thumb: men should offer women compassion first and then help, and women should offer men help first and then compassion. Women have an amazing memory for details, and they're more sentimental than men. Women should keep in mind that men don't remember details as well because of differences in how they process information, not because they don't care. 50

3 4. Other Psychologist, Dr. John Gray also said that the difference language between men and women can be seen from their talking duration. The Term is She Says Too Much; He Says Too Little. When a woman feels stressed, she wants and needs to vent. In fact, she often will verbally recall every single horrific detail about her job, her overwhelming schedule and her family. She often uses dramatic words or phrases like "He always!", "We never!", "How could you/she/they!". When a woman reacts like this, it's best to remember that it's just like a valve on the pressure cooker. MEN: Now's not the time to get defensive, but to help her release that steam a little bit at a time, by responding with empathy and questions that further encourage her to talk it out. Once she feels her emotions have been heard and understood, then she immediately starts to feel better. However, when a man is feeling stressed, he often stops talking altogether for a period of time. He just wants to chill out with the TV or computer or hang out alone in the garage/basement/man cave to forget his problems. A woman's natural instinct is to ask him probing questions to find out what she did wrong or why he doesn't want to spend time with her. WOMEN: Now's not the time to feel rejected, but to give him the space he needs to relax on his own. It's best to focus on things you can do to make yourself feel good in the meantime, so when he does ascend back into the light, you'll be feeling happy and excited to spend time with him. Which Love Language Do You Speak? Definition of Novel The novel as a genre of fiction can be defined as : a work of prose fiction, usually an extended narrative that tells a story or uses incidents to dramatize human experience and individual characters Grambs, (1925: 93). A novel is prose story telling with a great amount of detail on every page, and usually reveals human values John Peck and Martin Coyle( 1986 : 102). It means in every novel has different. A novel is a work of fiction, almost always written in prose, at least 150 to 200 pages long. Because the novel is a long form, it can cover a period of years, following the characters through a number of major changes. In the other definition, a novel is a great source of entertainment for the readers in case of journey or free time. A novelist writes it for the sake of readers because he wants to transfer his knowledge. This knowledge is transferred into writing form with a noble spirit. All sorts of communications are known language. Now it has become a rule that the language of novel should be simple and make free its characters win sympathies of the readers. The dialogues should not be long that may bore the readers. The readers can utter the dialogues in one breath with full skill. The Novel is an invented prose narrative of considerable length and a certain complexity that deals imaginatively with human experience, usually through a connected sequence of events involving a group of persons in a specific setting. The novel is a genre of fiction, and fiction may be defined as the art or craft of contriving, through the written word, representations of human life that instruct or divert or both. The... (100 of 21,488 words) In the simplest terms, a novel is a 51

4 fictional prose work of considerable length. The novel was written in prose the language of the everyday to authenticate its characters, locations and events, and narratives arose from multiple and varying views point which allowed for both psychological closeness to characters and more detached, evaluative musings on the part of the author (Watt in Gates, 2008). Element of Novel The elements of a novel are the same elements as that of the short story--plot, theme, setting, point of view, character--except that there may be more than one of each of these elements. That is, within the main plot of a novel there may be several subplots, there may be more than one theme, and point of view can certainly change as well. The more explanation about the element of the novel, as following: a.theme Theme is one or more direct or indirect statements about the human condition as evidenced through the work as a whole. Theme the central or dominant idea in the story. Theme - The lesson the writer of the story is trying to teach the reader. The "message". b. Plot Plot is the series of events which make up the story, traditionally, conflict, climax, denouement, and conclusion. Plot is the sequence of incidents which has causal relationship. Plot - What happens in the story. Plot is the backbone of all literary forms. It means out lines or the events which the author collects from the society and are saved into his mind. He rearranges them in the natural way and writes in form of novel. c. Setting Setting is the place, the time, and the social circumstances of the work. Setting refers to the environment, the physical place & the time in which the story takes place. Setting - When and where the story takes place. d. Tone Tone is the general attitude of the author toward the characters or the subject matter of the book. e. Characters Character is the sentient or non-sentient beings alive or dead who are the actors of the events. Characters are the people that are in the story. Characters - The people (or sometimes animals) the story is about. Characters are the backbone of a novel. The novelist introduces several characters to carry the story to its end. These characters must be life like, and they must cover all the jobs of society. It means that he introduces hero, heroine, villain, attendents, servants, sweepers, officers etc. f. Point of View Point of View is perspective from which a work is told, 1st 3rd; omniscient, limited Point of View is the voice & vision through which the events of a story gets told. Point of view - Who is telling the story. First person point o view uses "I", and is told by one of the characters of story. 52

5 Third person point of view uses an unnamed narrator who knows what all (or most) of the story's. METHODOLOGY The Method Study was conducted by using descriptive qualitative design to analyze the gender difference in Windows novel. According to Bodgan and Biklen (1992:30) also said, Qualitative research is descriptive. The data collected are in the form of words or pictures rather than numbers. Descriptive qualitative design is a research method which used to describe, organize, and summarize general this characteristic a set of data. Qualitative research is the type of research people use to gain insight into a problem, issue or theory. Unlike quantitative research, which is concerned with objectively measurable variables, qualitative research seeks to build a narrative about the issue; qualitative research tries to understand the reasons why something is the way it is. It is more naturalistic or anthropological, whereas quantitative research is more scientific. While this means qualitative research is more subjective, it also supplies a way to examine variables in their natural setting as opposed to the clinical conditions required in quantitative research methods. Sukardi (2003:157) said, Qualitative research is a research that generally done with main objective that is to describe the fact systematically and the characteristics of the object or subject which analyzed correctly. The Data In this research the data is collected from some utterances in the window s novel dialogues. namely : 1.Figure of Jigme - Jigme grabs Deans in a bear hug and laughs heartily, I can imagine how busy you are, Dean being the manager of this movie theatre. It suits your style and flare for show bussiness.(page :14) - Honney, I love you so very much. Croons jigme every morning.(page : 2). - He burst out in laughter. That s what every one says, you re that Tibetan or you re that Tibet guy. (page : 9) - He shook his head. Hey, no problem. I m just happy you Finally remember me. (page:9) - He ll receive the fate that karma has in store for him. (page : 145) - Do you remember me? I m Jigme Tsherling. he smiled and held out his hand in greeting.(page :8) - Fine then, I ll be home soon. And I ll pick up something on my way, how about that?,jigme said. (page :48) - Do you see why I am so excited, honey? says Jigme (page :56) - I m slowly getting there, honey. Don t worry, he answers. (page :176) 53

6 2.The figure of Junes - Don t scare me like that, I snap a bit annoyed that siska has suddenly interrupted my day dreaming.(page :65) - I burst out in laughter and said, The priesthood? if you can t be with me you re going to become a priest?. (page: 78) - I took a long breath and said, Saskia, you just met him for the first time this weekend,.(page:90) - For the first time I can appreciate the saying: you don t know what you ve got till it s gone,. (page: 99) - yes, but it was still my child, I say before she can go any further,.(page : 101) - I shook my head, you know how I feel about you, Aji. But now I have a new life of my own in wichita. If you really love me, you have to let me go.(page:46) - sorry, I quickly apologized, feeling even worse than before at not recalling who he was. (page: 9) - so sorry I begin, the briefly explain about my husband s shirt that fell off my line and possibility that she may have come across it on her clothesline. (page : 13) - In answer to her advice, I merely laughed and said, I ll do my best to find a filthy rich husband, Ma, the son of industrialist, so that i won t have to lower my standard of living. - Hearing Aji s name again made my heart thump in my chest. why, Mr. Stone? I asked, trying carefully not to reveal any emotion. (page: 43) - Then, a wide smile on my face, I looked up the sky and whispered, Thank you, God.(page: 47) - I m afraid so. He told me they have to shoot some videos. (page: 117) - I laugh and answer briefly, so far, so good, thought out of the corner of my eye I see jigme s eye widen slightly in suprise at Dean s question. (page:19) 3. The figure of Saskia - My Dad knows lots of people in the media world, she confidens to me one day after I tell her about my back ground as a reporter for Cantik Magazine.(page: 85) - Saskia gave me a sullen look I m not stupid, June. I know that. But from the way Tom looked at me, I could tell that he really likes me! (page:90) - hey, I m so glad you re here, June. My Mom is also pleased I have met you because she was worried I d come to Singapore and have no friends. You ve already been such a good friend to have, you know? Saskia says. (page: 62) - This is the first time I ve lived outside Indonesia, Saskia confides one day. (page: 63) - Saskia right afterwards said, I know several ambassadors and diplomats from many different countries. I ve met them through my father, of course.( page: 86) - She was already bragging about her conquest the following Monday morning, proudly telling me, Tom seems to be quite smitten with me,. (page: 90). 4. The figure of Aji saka - Then his voice dropped several octaves and he snarled, Hey, June, It s my business if I want to study or not! ( page : 37) 54

7 - With a smirk on his face, Aji said, it s my radio and this is my car I can do what ever I bloody well please.(page : 38) - If you really don t like it you can just get out of my car he said. (page : 38) - What kind of bullshit are you trying to telling me? he asked. (page : 36) 5. figure of Dean - hey why are you two so quiet? Let s line up. Dean extent his arm in invitation and we join him. (page: 20) - Then I ll never forgive Jigmes as long as I live, says Dean Laughing. ( page:118) The Collection of The Data The data collection of this study used documentation method. The researcher collected the data from the poetry text. In collecting data the researcher used the following steps: 1. Choosing the data The researcher found the poetry by William Wordsworth from internet. 2. Reading the data The second step was reading the poetry written by William Wordsworth as the source data, and then compared it with its translation. 3. Identifying the data The next step of data collection was identifying the data, the researcher identified the data into each stanza of the poetry. Technique of Data Analysis This study used qualitative method of research.in the research, the researcher analyzed the data using the following steps : 1. The researchers look into the novel book entitle Windows 2. Identifying the text of that book by dividing the clause. 3. Analyzed the clause by using the gender difference 4. Presenting the data. The Data Analysis In the analysis od data, the writer look some aspect of different gender which taken by the opinion of Dr. Amy Johnson,( Psychologist) : 1. Men Ask, Women Hint From the data, the men always ask to the women, such as : a. Do you remember me? I m Jigme Tsherling. he smiled and held out his hand in greeting.(page :8). Here Jigme ask to the June about him sofly The women hint, such as : b. I took a long breath and said, Saskia, you just met him for the first time this weekend,.(page:90), Here, Junes want to remember saskia to be carefully with the foreign man, but she does t say directly. 2. For Women, It's In The Details ( the women more sentimental than men) 55

8 Women need detail and more sentimental, such as : a.saskia gave me a sullen look I m not stupid, June. I know that. But from the way Tom looked at me, I could tell that he really likes me! (page:90) Here, saskia explain detail about his feeling. b. Jigme grabs Deans in a bear hug and laughs heartily, I can imagine how busy you are, Dean being the manager of this movie theatre. It suits your style and flare for show business.(page :14) Actually Jigme is jealous to dean because dean is success in his business, but he can keep his heart not to show to his friend. 3. She Says Too Much; He Says Too Little Here, the women says too much more than the men, such as : a. I shook my head, you know how I feel about you, Aji. But now I have a new life of my own in wichita. If you really love me, you have to let me go.(page:46) Here, Aji saka just ask to her to come back to him but June explain too long to Aji about her refusing. b. hey why are you two so quiet? Let s line up. Dean extent his arm in invitation and we join him. (page: 20) Here, Dean speak shortly, to them without say too long and detail, he prefer to show directly to ask them to line up. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The Finding of The Data After analysis the data, we get some findings, namely : 1. There are three of gender differences found in the windows novel, namely Men Ask, Women Hint, For Women, It's In The Details ( the women more sentimental than men) and.she Says Too Much; He Says Too Little. 2. The difference gender are found in this research because the novel has the specific character in each of the figures. It means that the writer want to give the deep impression to the reader about the attitude and the action each of the figures Discussion Based on the findings of this study, there are difference of man and women language in the novel windows. From the research, the researcher found that the women in the novel use hint and the men use ask to express their wish, such as the men will tell by using direct speaking but the women will never say what she want, because she want the men know what she want although she never tell the wish. The difference of the men and women also can be found that the women more sentimental than men or the women need in detail explanation. It means that in this novel also represent the women language that the women are more sentimental. The last, the difference of men and the women can be found that the women always speak too much than men. So, from this research also showed that the difference of men and women is caused that men and women of the figures in the novel has the specific language to express themself. Beside that the 56

9 writer want to give the deep impression to the reader about the attitude of language. These findings are in agreement with Barirah Nazir (2012)findings who found that women are into facebook for maintaining existing relationships by being polite while men are more likely to go for new relations and all. From that, it can be concluded that the women and the men have different language. CONCLUSION From this research, the writer can be concluded that, according Dr. Amy Johnson,( Psychologist) and Dr. John Gray, there are some different gender in his opinion, such as man always ask and women always hint, from his opinion, the writer found in that novel, that the man always ask and women always hint. Than, the opinion of Dr. Amy Johnson that, women more detail and more sentiment than men, so the writer found in that novel that the women like to get the information more detail than men and the women more sentiment than men. Than, the opinion of Dr. John Gray said that women says too much and the man says too little, here the writer also found in that novel that women like to speak too much and without thinking that is true or false, without thinking it make people are angry or not and the man always speak too little because the man doesn t spend much time to speak and without the result. Limitations of the study This study is limited by two points,such as: 1. The differences of gender are found in the Window s novel. 2. The reason why man and women are different in the Window s novel. REFERENCES Basuki, F.(2006).The windows. Jakarta:PT. Grasindo Butler, J. (1999). Gender Trouble. London: Routledge Print. Coates, J.(1986). Women, Men and Languages: Studies in Language and Linguistics. London: Longman Crawford, M.(1995). Talking Difference. On Gender and Language. London: Sage Eckert, P., & McConnell-Ginet, S.(1992). Think practically and look locally: Language and gender as community-based practice. Annual Review of Anthropology 21: Eckert, P. (1989). The whole woman: sex and gender differences in variation. Language Variation and Change, 1(3): Eckert, P., & McConnell-Ginet, S. (2003). Language and Gender. Cambridge University Press. Fishman, P. (1983). Interaction, the work women do. In B.C. Thorne, C. Kramarae and N. Gates, M.G.( 2008). Literary Theory, Novel And Science Media. Thesis. Montana: Montana State University Henley (eds).(2000). Language, Gender and Society. Rowley, MA: Newbury House Motschenbacher, Heiko.( 2010).Language,Gender and Sexual Identity:Poststructuralist Perspectives. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 57