Agreement and disagreement

Transcription

1 8vo básico > Inglés Use of English: Agreement and disagreement 1. Look at this checklist; tick the choice that represents your answer I often find it difficult to buy a present for a friend I love going to the movies but I hate renting them I like eating fast food I hate visiting my friends but I love to be visited I often find it easy to make friends I like to listen to music but I hate going to concerts I agree I disagree Compare your answers with a classmate. Did you tick the same pictures? Why? Look at this checklist. These are Fernanda s answers to the previous exercise. I often find it difficult to buy a present for a friend I love going to the movies but I hate renting them I like eating fast food I hate visiting my friends but I love to be visited I often find it easy to make friends I like to listen to music but I hate going to concerts I agree Are Fernanda s answers similar to yours or your classmate s? I disagree Are Fernanda s answers wrong and yours or those of your classmate right? Why? 1

2 When you talk about actions that you agree or disagree, you are expressing your likes and dislikes. In this study guide you will practice how to use expressions to confirm or deny information and also, to agree or disagree with certain ideas. Graphic organizer Look and read the following graphic organizer. In it, you will find the main expressions to use to show agreement and disagreement. Actions Agreement Disagreement You like the idea. Ex: that s a good point That s absolutely true That s exactly what I think You dislike the idea Ex: It s not true I refuse it I don t believe it Expressing agreement The simplest way to express agreement is with a statement: Ex. Yes, it is / It s ok/ I believe it. To make the agreement friendlier, a question tag may be added Ex. A. I love ice cream A. This s teddy bear is cute, isn t it? B. So do I B. yes, it is. *** Remember: if you want to express partial agreement, you could use BUT. Ex. I like ice cream BUT I love chocolate The teddy bear is cute BUT that stuffed rabbit is the cutest. 2

3 Expressing disagreement The simplest way to express disagreement is with a statement: Ex. no, it isn t / it s wrong/ I don t believe it. To disagree with an opinion, one of the following phrases can be used: Ex. I disagree / I don t think so / I m afraid you are wrong etc. *** Remember: if you want to soften your disagreement, you could use expressions like: well, personally, as a matter of fact, among others. Ex. A. I like pop music. A. I hate chocolate. B. Well, I like rock music. B. Personally, I love chocolate. Actions Agreement Disagreement Statement So do I Statement Opinion Yes, it is No, it isn t I m afraid you are wrong Partial agreement BUT Softened disagreement Well/ personally etc. 3

4 Now, Let s practice! 1. Look carefully and classify the following expressions in the correct column. If you have any questions or doubts, you may ask your teacher. It is not true. It s false. It s wrong. That's just how I see it. That's a good point. That's exactly my opinion. Sure. It s okay. It s incorrect. That's absolutely true! That's exactly what I think. I am not so sure. Do you think so? Well, it depends. No, I don't think so. I refuse it. You can't be serious about that point. Agree with someone I don t believe it! Disagree with someone 4

5 2. Check and compare your answers with a classmate. 3. Using expressions from exercise 1, complete the following sentences. Next to each sentence, indicate if you are agreeing or disagreeing with someone. a. A) What do you think about this laptop? B) Mmm, b. A) I think you should quit using your computer! B) Ah! What are you saying! c. A) I believe that Tomas website is the best! B) Yes, definitely. 4. Using expressions from exercise 1, read the following statements. Do you agree or disagree with them? If you agree, confirm the information providing examples. If you disagree, deny the information providing examples. Use as many expressions as you can. a. If you don't want to be replaced by a computer, don't act like one." Arno Penzias. b. They say one of a baby's first non-verbal forms communication is pointing. Clicking must be somewhere just after that." c. Computers have lots of memory but no imagination. Author Unknown 5

6 Time to sum up. Using all the information that you learned in this session Why is it important to learn expressions to agree or disagree about information? 6

7 Reported Speech 1. Rewrite these sentences using reported speech. 1. Jessica: "Don't play football in the garden." Jessica told me 2. She: "Don't sing that song." She told me 3. Hanna: "Don't go to the cinema." Hanna told me 4. Tom: "Don't ring me on Sunday." Tom told me 5. Teacher: "Do your homework." The teacher told me 6. Andrew: "Wash the dishes." Andrew told me 7. Jessica: "Write a letter." Jessica told me 8. Sarah: "Help Peter's sister." Sarah told me 9. Linda: "Did he fly to Paris two weeks ago?" Linda asked me 10. Anna: "Open the window." Anna told me 11. Helen: "I was writing a letter yesterday." Helen told me that 12. Robert: "My father flew to Dallas last year." Robert said that 13. Michael: "I'm going to find a job soon." Michael told me that 14. Jim: "I'll do my best in the exams next week." Jim told me that 15. Andrew: "We didn't go to work two days ago." Andrew said to me that 16. Alice: "I spent all my pocket money last weekend." Alice complained that 17. David: "John had already finished work at five. David said that 18. Christopher: "Do you want to dance?" Christopher asked me 19. Betty: "When did you come?" Betty asked me 20. Mark: "Has John arrived?" Mark asked me 21. Ronald: "Where does Maria park her car?" Ronald asked me 22. Elisabeth: "Did you watch the latest film?" Elisabeth asked me 23. Teacher: "Don't forget your homework." The teacher told me 24. My brother: "Don't shout at mum." My brother told me 25. Sam: "Don't make a mess of the kitchen." Sam told me 26. You: "Don't open this door." You told me Los mejores recursos gratuitos para aprender y enseñar inglés 1

8 27. Mandy: "Can I help you?" Mandy asked me 28. Andrew: "Will Mandy have lunch with Sue?" Andrew asked me 29. They: "Come home at 8." They told me 30. Tom: "Dance with me." Tom told me 31. Lewis: "Meet us at the station." Lewis told me 32. Emma: "My teacher is going to London tomorrow. Emma said that 33. Justin: "What are you doing?" Justin asked me 34. Mary: "Are you reading that book now?" Mary asked me 35. Jason: "Who gave you the book yesterday?" Jason asked me 36. Ross: "Are you leaving next week?" Robert asked me 37. Daniel: "Do you think it will rain tomorrow?" Daniel asked me 38. Jennifer: "What time do you work today?" Jennifer asked me 39. Nancy: "Why didn't you go to New York last summer?" Nancy asked me 40. Barbara: "Must I do the homework this week?" Barbara asked me Los mejores recursos gratuitos para aprender y enseñar inglés 2

9 REPORTED SPEECH RS 1 Change to reported speech using the introductory phrase in brackets! 1. Mary said: I will play cards the day after tomorrow. (Mary informed me ) 2. Sophie said: I went to bed early last night. (Sophie said.) 3. The teacher said to Jenny: You have to learn your grammar. (The teacher told Jenny ) 4. Monique to the immigration officer: This is my first trip to England. (Monique told the immigration officer ) 5. He told me: You are the most beautiful girl I have ever seen. (He told me ) 6. Nick said: I m going to visit my parents next month. (Nick declared that ) 7. Lilly: My parents are fine and I really get on with them. (Lilly said ) 8. Gloria: I am sorry but I can t come to your birthday party because I am going away for the weekend. (Gloria explained that ) 9. Mark: My friend Gary has found a new job in the music business. (Mark said that ) 10. Judy: I have already written this essay four times. (Judy complained that ) 11. Peter: I will not stop until this factory is shut down. (Peter announced that ) 12. Her boyfriend told her: You have bought yourself a wonderful dress. (Her boyfriend told her ) 13. Paul: I don t like my new flat (Paul said that ) 14. My father to Ben: I am sure I saw you here last week. (My father told Ben ) 15. Betty: If I knew the answer I would tell you. (Betty assured me.) 16. He said: Tomorrow at five o clock I will be sitting on a train to Glasgow. (He said that ) 17. Miss Jackson: I warned you to study for the test a month ago. (Miss Jackson reminded me...) 18. Dave: I was outside the classroom during the break but I saw a group of my colleagues inside the room. (Dave said that ) 19. Mrs Wilson: No one has ever spoken to me like this before. (Mrs Wilson said ) 20. Little Johnny to his neighbour: I am not proud of what I have done. (Little Johnny admitted )

10 Do or Make Exercise DO often about action You did the right thing MAKE often about preparation I made breakfast for eveyone A Fill the gaps with either do or make in the correct form. 1 What he did was terrible. He didn't even... an apology. 2 He's... an appointment to see the dentist on Thursday. 3 Have you... all the arrangements yet? 4 I always... my bed before breakfast. 5 Vincent: English football fans came to Valencia last weekend. Maria: Did they... any damage? 6 Be careful that you... the right decision. 7 Who's going to... dinner? You or me? 8 Everyone... a big effort to help yesterday. 9 The doctor told me I have to... exercise regularly. 10 Would you... me a favour and feed the cat while I'm away. 11 Stop... a fuss. I'm perfectly alright. 12 Before you go out, you have to... your homework, OK? 13 The film Pan s Labyrinth... a deep impression on me. 14 The decorators have... an excellent job. Julian and I are delighted. 15 A:... love not war. B: Sure, if somebody will let me. 16 This cake is delicious. Did you really... it? 17 The house was a disaster. They... a terrible mess. 18 I... a really terrible mistake in my driving test. 19 They're... plans for their wedding. 20 She... crossword puzzles on the train every day. 21 We normally... the shopping on Saturday mornings. 22 Listen. I... lunch so you can do the washing up. It's only fair. 23 Darren was fined for kph in a 50 kph area. It serves him right. B Place the words in bold into the correct columns. Start from the top. Do translation Make translation do damage... make an appointment... do make do make do make do make do make C Now write down some examples of your own. Written by Bob Wilson Robert Clifford McNair Wilson 2009

11 PASSIVE AND ACTIVE VOICE A. Put the verbs into the correct passive tense: Simple Present 1. English (teach) in this school. 2. The room (clean) every day. 3. A party (give) every Saturday. 4. This magazine (publish) every month. 5. The letters (deliver) every morning. 6. English (speak) in many countries. 7. These buildings (paint) every year. 8. Smoking (not permit) here. I 9. This exhibition (hold) every year. 10. Our compositions (correct) every day. Simple Past 1. This book (write) by a famous artist. 2. The books (return) to the library. 3. A bank (rob) yesterday. 4. The lost dog (find) last night. 5. My house (build) in She (send) to a school in England. 7. We (invite) to a party yesterday. 8. This road (repair) last year. 9. My car (steal) last week. 10. Hamlet (write) by Shakespeare.

12 Present Perfect 1. This exercise (write) mar 2. The child (take) to hospital. 3. The novel (translate) into German. 4. Many magazines (publish) lately. 5. All the work (finish). 6. Many new theatres (build) recently. 7. His car (sell) already. 8. My friend (not invite) to the reception. 9. Your question (answer) already. 10. A good job (offer) to me. Future 1. These letters (sign) tomorrow 2. This bank (paint) next week 3. The lesson (finish) in 5 minutes 4. The shops (close) tomorrow 5. It (do) by Helen 6. A car race (hold) next month 7. His crime (punish) 8. All students (examine) by me 9. His arrival (announce) tomorrow 10. Our order (cancel). B. Change form active into Passive Voice 1. We may do it tomorrow. 2. They teach foreign languages here. 3. We must lose no time. 4. You can't find such things in England. 5. He must give a final answer. 6. The government must take measures to increase productivity, 7. The concert disappointed everybody. 8. Mr West manage the Personnel department. 9. Homer wrote Iliad. 10. I water the flowers once a week. C. Change from active into Passive Voice 1. She gave me a nice gift. 2. My brother has sent me many letters. 3. I will show her my stamp collection. 4. They always show the tourists the new theatre. 5. He has given us a difficult exercise.

13 6. The students offered the teacher some flowers. 7. She read me an interesting story. 8. Mr. Periez is teaching us French. 9. He was showing Mary some photos when I met them. 10. The examiner is giving the candidates a very difficult test D. Write the following sentences as in the example: e.g. by Kazantzakis ( Zorbas /write) Who was "Zorbas" written by? 1. by Homer ( Odyssey /write). 2. by the Beatles ( Yellow Submarine /sing). 3. by Hemingway ( For whom The Bell Tolls? /write). 4. by Shakespeare ( Macbeth /write). 5. by Kazantzakis ( The Last Temptation /write). 6. by Praxiteles ( Hermes /make). 7. by Columbus ( America /discover). 8. by L. Da Vinci ( Joconda /paint). 9. by Fleming ( penicillin /discover), 10. by T.S. Eliot ( The Waste Land /write). E. Change from Passive into Active voice: 1. "Murder on the Nile" was written by Agatha Christie. 2. Everything has been written down. 3. Electricity was discovered by Thomas Edisson. 4. A new law will be introduced by the government. 5. A message has been left for you. 6. The building has been destroy0d by the flood. 7. John Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas. 8. All the reports are typed by the Secretary. 9. My bicycle is being repaired now. 10. She was being interviewed when I entered. 11. The National Bank was robbed by three masked men. 12. This novel is being translated now. 13. The answer to this question must be found. 14. By whom has it been rewritten? 15. All the rooms must be cleaned. 16. I will not be allowed to go alone. 17. No time must be lost. 18. He must not be seen by anybody. 19. Who was my purse stolen by? 20. Thousands of books have been published since the war.

14 CAUSATIVE FORM A. Rewrite the following sentences in the causative form 1. He painted his room last year. 2. I will do my hair tomorrow. 3. Henry will clean his suit. 4. Have you changed the flat tyre of your bike? 5. Helen has pulled out two bad teeth. 6. She shines her shoes every day. 7. Where do you repair your car? 8. We must cut that old tree down. 9. They didn't translate this passage. 10. I must add another room to my house. 11. Sharpen this knife! 12. Lengthen the sleeves of my coat, please. 13. He drilled a hole through the rock. 14. He will decorate his living-room. 15. Will you translate this book?

15 A. Change from Passive into Active Voice: 1. It was answered when I was 0ut. 2. All these letters must be signed. 3. He must have been terribly disappointed. 4. She was brought up by an old lady. 5. Has she been invited, too? 6. Is it going to be understood? 7. Are you going to be taught French, too? 8. By whom was Helen helped? 9. Hasn't it been reported yet? 10. Is he being interviewed? 11. We are being told to depart. 12. This language was spoken years ago. 13. Her aunt was killed in an accident. 14. This subject was given last month. 15. The accounts have been checked. 16. The minutes are being taken now. 17. The sales manager has been dismissed. 18. The secretary has to be paid. 19. Has the order been placed? 20. Won't you be helped by your friends? Β. Change from Active into Passive Voice: 1. We must take measures to increase sales. 2. The rain prevented him from coming. 3. What animals do you keep? 4. He cancelled the programme. 5. Haven't you placed the order? 6. We will appoint a new manager. 7. A bad tooth kept him awake all night. 8. Her work impressed her boss. 9. We are reorganizing everything in the company. 10. She hasn't taken any decision yet. 11. Are you sure Peter can do it? 12. I must give a final answer. 13. They offered Helen a very good salary. 14. Will they allow you to stay? 15. When will he tell her the news? 16. How many letters has she typed since morning? 17. The manager is interviewing a new clerk. 18. They are still discussing the same problem. 19. Who asked her to come? 20. Who is going to answer this question?

16 C. Make questions to which the underlined words are the answers: 1. Peter was accused of murder. 2. No. it hasn't been answered. 3. He was arrested because he hit a man. 4. Few of the girls have been invited. 5. George has been taken to hospital. 6. It will be done next month. 7. The first experiment was made in It has been tried three times. 9. She was punished by Mr West. 10. He has been asked to leave the house. 11. It was meant for Helen. 12. I was invited by John. 13. Yes, it has already been completed. 14. This book has been translated into 5 languages. 15. It must be written in ink. 16. It was written by Jean. 17. The book was found under the table. 18. They have been told to come. 19. It was signed yesterday 20. It was beautifully written. D. Translate into English: 1. Αυτό το ρολόι είναι κατασκευασµένο στην Ιαπωνία. 2. Του προσφέρθηκε µια καλή θέση σε µια ναυτιλιακή εταιρεία. 3. Οι παραγγελίες µας δεν εκτελέστηκαν. 4. Το υπόµνηµα πρέπει να γραφτεί αµέσως. 5. Οι πωλήσεις θα αυξηθούν σύντοµα. 6. Ο λογιστής µας απολύθηκε πέρυσι. 7. Το τέλεξ έχει ήδη σταλεί. 8. εν θα δοθούν περαιτέρω εξηγήσεις. 9. Κανείς δεν θα προσληφθεί φέτος. 10. Από ποιον ανακαλύφθηκε η Αµερική; Ε. Translate into Greek (causative form) 1. Θα µεταφράσει δύο βιβλία. 2. Έφτιαξε τα µαλλιά του χθες. 3. Γιατί δεν βγάζεις το χαλασµένο δόντι σου; 4. Πρέπει να καθαρίσεις αυτό το λερωµένο κουστούµι. 5. Κόντυνε τη φούστα της. 6. Έκοψε τα µαλλιά της. 7. Θα χτίσουµε ένα καινούργιο σπίτι.

17 8. Πήγε στο γιατρό κι εξέτασε τα µάτια του. 9. Έβαψε το αυτοκίνητο του µαύρο 10. Πλένει το αυτοκίνητο του κάθε βδοµάδα. 11. Πότε επισκεύασες την τηλεόρασή σου; 12. Ακόνισε αυτό το µαχαίρι! 13. Κούρδισαν το πιάνο χθες. 14. Που φτιάχνεις τα µαλλιά σου; 15. Πότε επισκεύασες το ποδήλατο σου; 16. Πρέπει να αλλάξω το ξεφουσκωµένο λάστιχο του αυτοκινήτου µου 17. Γυαλίζω τα παπούτσια µου κάθε µέρα. 18. Θα προσθέσω ένα δωµάτιο στο σπίτι µου. 19. Έκοψαν αυτό το ωραίο δένδρο. 20. Πρέπει να σφραγίσεις τα δόντια σου. Rewrite the following passage using the active voice where required: A trade fair took place recently in the island of Santa Clara. A brochure was published by the Government to advertise the Trade Fair, and a very short history of the island was included. The island of S. Clara was discovered by the Spaniards in the sixteenth century. It was colonised by the English about a hundred years later. Gold was soon found there, and cotton and sugar were planted. S. Clara was one of Britain's richest colonies, although it was not very large. The island was given its independence by the British in Elections were held and a government: was formed. A short time before independence, large reserves of oil had been discovered both on the Island and under the sea, near it. From the beginning, the new country's prosperity had been certain. The oilfields may be some of the largest in the world. Until 1967 the gold and oil of S. Clara was exploited by large international companies. In that year the gold mines and oilfields were nationalised by the government

18 Passive Voice Exercises Practicing I Read the paired sentences aloud. Write "A" in the blank beside the sentence in the active voice, "P" in the blank beside the sentence in the passive voice. a. Louise made the coffee. b. The coffee was made by Louise. c. The package was advertised by the travel agent. d. The travel agent advertised the package. Practicing II Rewrite these sentences to put them in the active voice. a. The sugar water was relished by the hummingbirds. b. Jogging is done by many people for exercise. c. A standing ovation was given to the guitar player. d. The syllabus was handed out by the professor. Practicing III Using either a computer or a piece of scratch paper, rewrite the following paragraph in the active voice. Last summer our house was painted by me. The job took about two weeks. First, the exterior was washed using warm water and a mild detergent. Then all the chinks and pores in the walls were sealed with putty. After the putty had had a chance to dry, the exterior could be painted. A latex paint was used because it is easy to apply and cleans up with water. A whole week was needed to finish this part of the job. I was very careful to apply the paint evenly because I did not want to have to apply two coats. A color was used that was very close to the original color. Our house is a two-story house, which meant that a tall ladder was needed to do the second story. The paint can had to be balanced on the top rung of the ladder while I worked. When the job was finished, a great deal of satisfaction was felt by me. I had to pat myself on the back. Even my dad said that a good job was done. Cited and adapted from Winkler, Anthony C., and Jo Ray McCuen. Writing Talk: Paragraphs and Short Essays with Readings. 2nd ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall,

19 WILL vs GOING TO Complete the sentences with the correct form of will or going to and the verbs in brackets. 1.- When we get home, we (have) dinner. 2.- I know they (feel) very happy if they win the match. 3.- They ve already decided on their next summer holiday. They (do) a tour of Norway. 4.- She thinks that the Take That concert (be) really exciting. 5.- What are your plans for this evening? I (meet) my friends and then go to a birthday party. 6.- If you revise for the exam, I m sure you (get) a good result. 7.- The weather forecast is good for the next few days. It (be) very sunny. 8.- I can t come on the march tomorrow. I (look after) my cousins. 9.- In the future, I think humans (wipe out) many different species. 10.-He is buying some butter and eggs because he (make) a cake later This homework is very easy. I know we (do) it very quickly In five years time, I (be) at university She wants to get her mum a birthday present. But she (not buy) it today Their suitcases are packed. They (go) on holiday If we go to Paris, we (take) lots of pictures My brother thinks it (snow) tomorrow It s very late! Hurry up or we (be) late for work Look at that boy at the top of that tree! He (fall) When we go home, we (watch) TV. We don t want to miss our favourite programme I m sure they (lose) the match It s very hot in here. I (open) the window It s a secret! OK I (not tell) anyone My cousin (work) in the UK for a year I (love) you forever I m thirsty. I (get) you a glass of water.