SYMPHONY BOSTON ORCHESTRA EIGHTY-FIFTH SEASON FOUNDED IN 1881 BY HENRY LEE HIGGINSON THURSDAY EVENING SERIES. A-l N^/ \ % -- N4 ':':. ?

Transcription

1 N^/?<v \ A-.,./" (?^vh '-. ** "&& \l r BOSTON SYMPHONY ORCHESTRA l/,3 FOUNDED IN 1881 BY HENRY LEE HIGGINSON THURSDAY EVENING SERIES S A-l s y --%, -zf&uss*. -- N4 ':':. &y W \ % EIGHTY-FIFTH SEASON

2 * EXCELLAIT SURTOUT POUR LES FANFARES!" Although it is difficult to trace the origin of the French horn, it is generally acce that it was developed in France during the 17th century An outgrowth of the < primitive and the later sophisticated hunting horn, its value in the use of Fan was acclaimed during the reign of Louis XIII It was also discovered that str and wonderful musical effects could be had by inserting the hand in the bell Oi the first orchestral uses came in 1717 when Handel included the French horn ii score of the "Water Music" The modern instrument embodies a main tube measi approximately 7 feet 4 inches in length, coiled in circles and finally expanding ii widely flared bell As the French horn lends its importance to the value of the mo symphony orchestra, so too does the trained and reliable insurance office devel modern and sensible insurance program for business and personal accounts We w welcome an opportunity to analyze your need for complete protection. rl g< of rib pg a rn a Id We respectfully invile your inquiry CHARLES H. WATKINS & CO. Richard P. Nyquist Charles G. Carleton 147 MILK STREET BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS Telephone Associated with 0BRI0N, RUSSELL 8c < ). Insurance of Every Descri)\on

3 EIGHTY -FIFTH SEASON, Boston CONCERT BULLETIN OF THE Symphony Orchestra ERICH LE1NSDORF, Music Director Richard Burgin, Associate Conductor with historical and descriptive notes by John N. Burk The TRUSTEES of the BOSTON SYMPHONY ORCHESTRA, Inc. Henry B. Cabot Talcott M. Banks John L. Thorndike Abram Berkowitz Theodore P. Ferris Robert H. Gardiner Francis W. Hatch Andrew Heiskell Harold D. Hodgkinson Raymond President Vice-President Treasurer TRUSTEES EMERITUS E. Morton Jennings, Jr. Henry A. Laughlin Edward G. Murray John T. Noonan Mrs. James H. Perkins Sidney R. Rabb Wilkins Palfrey Perkins Lewis Perry Edward A. Taft Oliver Wolcott Norman S. Shirk Assistant Manager Ros^io Mazzeo Orchestra Personnel Manager Sanford R. Sistare Thomas D. Perry, Jr., Press and Publicity SYMPHONY HALL Manager James }. Brosnahan Business Administrator Harry f. Kraut Assistant to the Manager Andrew H. Raeburn Assistant to the Music Director BOSTON 13]

4 The Boston Symphony under Leinsdorf This new recording ofbrahms ' First Concerto marks the first collaboration of Van Cliburn and the Boston Symphony under Leinsdorf. Together they meet the challenge of this demanding work in a virtuoso performance that realizes all the passion and intensity of Brahms' score. Also recommended: the Boston Symphony under Leinsdorf in a vibrant reading of Beethoven's "Eroica." Both albums in superb Dynagrooye sound. Van Cliburn Brahms Concerto No. 1 Boston Symphony Orchestr Erich Leinsdorf RCA Victor I..,!. The most trusted name in sound

5 Program CONTENTS Notes 9 Wagner (Siegfried Idyll).. 11 Entr'actes The Retrospective Ninth. 16 The Early Fortunes of the Ninth Symphony (J.N.B.) Notes 36 Beethoven (Symphony No. 9). 26 l^aftatmcdtic. 3]ic?roiisscau3&use of 'Jioslon EXHIBITIONS Pictures loaned by the New Hampshire Art Association are now on view in the Gallery. Manuscripts of messages to the Orchestra by composers and performers of past seasons contributed to the program of the Golden Trumpet Ball are shown in the cases. THE SOLOISTS JANE MARSH's appearances at these concerts are her first with a leading symphony orchestra. She made her operatic debut last June at the Festival in Spoleto, where she sang Desdemona in Verdi's Otello. She has also participated in a concert of chamber music at the Library of Congress. She is twenty-two at this, the beginning of her professional career, which this season includes further important engagements. Born in San Francisco, she graduated from Oberlin College in EUNICE ALBERTS is remembered for her many notable performances with this Orchestra. She has appeared in Beethoven's Ninth Symphony here during three previous seasons, and likewise twice in that composer's Missa Solemnis. RICHARD CASSILLY is appearing for the first time with this Orchestra. A native of Washington, D. C, he makes his home in Maryland. Shortly after graduating from the Peabody Institute he sang in Beethoven's Ninth Symphony in Pittsburgh. His career has been largely in opera, in which, taking many parts with the New York City Opera, he has sung in various parts of this country, last season extending his engagements to Europe. C^mphas'iA on ^.leaance Our at home coat of crepe the yoke and long, satin-backed tapered sleeves of satin. Zipper closing. In Deep Sapphire or Emerald. Petite, small, medium, large. $ BOYLSTON STREET BOSTON KEnmore CENTRAL STREET WELLESLEY CEdar [5]

6 D THOMAS PAUL is remembered as the bass soloist with this Orchestra last season in Haydn's 77je Seasons and in Stravinsky's Pulcinella. He is a graduate of the Juilliard School of Music and has long been associated with the New York City Opera. He has also sung in Berkshire Festival performances. Stop Shop Bradlees FOODS Gk^ s/fe, o/ e^ mini-pncmq SOME EVENTS OF THE NEW SEASON Some of the music planned by Erich Leinsdorf, the instrumental soloists and guest conductors for the eighty-fifth season of the Orchestra are now announced. Mr. Leinsdorf will conduct Schumann's Scenes from Goethe's "Faust" for the first time with this Orchestra in its complete form. The work with! soloists and chorus will be performed*; in February. Piano soloists will be John Browning, who will present the first two concertos of Prokofiev on November 19 and Malcolm Frager who will be heard in the Fourth Piano Concerto of Beethoven on February 4. Claude Frank will join Joseph Silverstein and Jules Eskin in Beethoven's Triple Concerto on March 25. A newcomer to the Orchestra will be Mstislav Rostropovich. the Soviet cellist, on October 22, who will be heard in the first American performance of Benjamin Britten's new "Cello Symphony," and 1 Dvorak's Concerto for his instrument. Violinists will be Zino Francescatti, who ih T will be heard in Brahms' Concerto on' cer: February 18. Joseph Silverstein will play the Violin Concerto of Sibelius. (Charles T Munch will also remember the anniversary year of this composer by including cer J\\g his Seventh Symphony on one of his ^ programs.) Jules Eskin, Sherman Walt [ t and Ralph Gomberg of the Orchestra are also listed for solo works. The guest conductors for the season, in addition to Richard Burgin who is to conduct the concerts on November 5-6, will be Eleazar de Carvalho, December 3-4; Jean Martinon, January 14-22; Charles Munch, March 11-19; and Werner Torkanowsky, who is to make his first appearance here on November- ]\ loop The season of concerts in Boston will consist of six shorter series in addition fisio to the Friday and Saturday series : three sight Tuesday evening series (Series "A," 10 lelev concerts; Series "B," 6 concerts; "Cam- 23, bridge" Series, 6 concerts) and two Mar; [6

7 . Thursday evening series (Series "A," 6 concerts; Series "B," 3 concerts). The six concerts of Tuesday Series "B" will begin at 7:30 instead of 8:30. The series of eight Open Rehearsals will be continued this season on Thursday evenings at 7:30. THE SEASON PAST The 210 concerts given by this Orchestra in Boston and elsewhere last season included the largest attendance to date at the Berkshire Festival. The symphony concerts at Tanglewood together with the chamber music concerts, a gala evening, and a Pops concert, had a total attendance of 242,005. Features of the season were Wagner's "Lohengrin" in concert form, and emphasized on the programs were all of Beethoven's concertos for solo instruments. The Berkshire Music Center was limited to an enrollment of 300 members, seventy of whom were orchestral players who were granted fellowships. music there were panel discussions and seminars with visiting speakers. BROADCASTS In addition to much This Orchestra is pleased to announce that through the coming season almost all its symphony concerts in Boston will be broadcast "live." The Friday afternoon series will be broadcast by Station WGBH-FM. The Saturday series by WCRB-AM- FM and WGBH-FM. The Tuesday "A" series of ten concerts by WBUR-FM. The Tuesday "B" series of six concerts will be divided between Stations WBUR-FM and WGBH-FM. The third and sixth concerts of this series will also be televised. The Tuesday "Cambridge" series of six concerts on WGBH-FM and TV. Delayed broadcasts (from tapes) will also be given on dates to be specified later. TELEVISION The Boston Symphony Orchestra in cooperation with WGBH-TV, Channel 2, will increase the number of live television concerts this season from six to eight. The following concerts will be televised: October 19, November 2 and 23, December 14, January 4, February 8, March 22 and April 5. ROUSING BROWSING... BARGAINS, TOO. Browsing at Book Clearing House can often be exciting because there's such variety. Begin with a solid ten-foot-high wall of brandnew books that includes all important titles, not just best-sellers. Then simply turn around and you're face to face with our center aisle of bargains, which includes hundreds of beautiful and unusual books at savings of 40% to 75%. And then... there's all the rest of our store, with five more departments full of books and records... staffed by no-pressure salesmen who know and care a lot about the things they sell. To add it up, 1 Hundreds of new titles 2. Hundreds of bargains ,000 paperback titles 4. Texts and technical books 5. Record dept ,000 titles 6. Literary magazines and quarterlies 7. Sidewalk carts of bargain books YOU'LL FIND 7 KINDS OF FOOD FOR THOUGHT AT BOOK CLEARING HOUSE 423 BOYLSTON STREET BOSTON CO Open Wednesday Evenings til! 9 MAIL AND PHONE ORDERS DISPATCHED AT ONCE [7]

8 Are you sure you should name Cousin George as executor of your WU1? Is dear Cousin George really the man for the job? Let's see. As executor of your Will, he'll have responsibilities like protecting your assets... compiling an inventory... appraising the value of each item... documenting the assets... settling bills and claims... meeting cash needs... making the wisest investments. Now you know why so many people name us as executor. And as trustee. Your plans are safeguarded by investment analysts, tax specialists and other experts. These are men who offer round-theclock, on-the-spot talents you can't expect any individual executor to have. We suggest that you and your lawyer talk with us about this important matter of naming the right executor. And Cousin George seconds the motion. THE FIRST& OLD COLONY The First National Bank of Boston and Old Colony Trust Company

9 EIGHTY-FIFTH SEASON NINETEEN HUNDRED SIXTY-FIVE -SIXTY-SIX First Program THURSDAY EVENING, October 7, at 8:30 o'clock Wagner "Siegfried Idyll" INTERMISSION Beethoven Symphony No. 9, in D minor, with final chorus on Schiller's Ode to Joy, Op. 125 T. Allegro ma non troppo, un poco maestoso II. Molto vivace: Presto III. Adagio molto e cantabile IV. Presto: Allegro Allegro assai Presto Baritone Recitative Quartet and Chorus: Allegro assai Tenor Solo and Chorus: Allegro assai vivace, alia marcia Chorus: Andante maestoso Adagio ma non troppo, ma divoto Allegro energico, sempre ben marcato Quartet and Chorus: Allegro ma non tanto Chorus: Prestissimo HARVARD GLEE CLUB and Elliot Forbes, Conductor NEW ENGLAND CONSERVATORY CHORUS Lorna Cooke devaron, Conductor Jane Marsh, Soprano Eunice Alberts, Contralto RADCLIFFE CHORAL SOCIETY Richard Cassilly, Tenor Thomas Paul, Bass BALDWIN PIANO RCA VICTOR RECORDS [9]

10 [10] Xa^UlcrVL, (tov4a&olt> \ACrvJJUL

11 SIEGFRIED IDYLL By Richard Wagner Born in Leipzig, May 22, 1813; died in Venice, February 13, 1883 "Siegfried Idyll" was composed in November, 1870, and first performed at Tribschen on December 25 of that year. It is scored for a small orchestra: and strings. nphe Siegfried Idyll, a birthday gift flute, oboe, 2 clarinets, bassoon, trumpet, 2 horns to Cosima from Wagner in the -* first year of their marriage, was performed as a surprise to her on Christmas day in the Wagners' villa on Lake Lucerne, at half-past seven in the morning. There were elaborate secret preparations the copying of the parts, the engaging of musicians from Zurich, rehearsals in the foyer of the old theatre and at the Hotel du Lac in Lucerne. Christmas morning at Tribschen the musicians tuned in the kitchen, and assembled quietly on the stairs. There were fifteen players, Hans Richter taking both viola and trumpet, having practiced in seclusion upon the latter unaccustomed instrument. Wagner conducted from the top of the stairs what turned out to be, in the perhaps fatuous testimony of Richter, a "faultless" performance. The Siegfried Idyll is far more than an occasional piece of music, a passing incident of Wagner's family life at Tribschen. It could well be 1/1/ inter (^oatd that have a hidden treasure within Our Nutria lined coats are cut with such finesse that their slender lines belie their hidden warmth. A varied choice of styles and fabrics lined with selected skins, from or with Nutria flanks at TWENTY NEWBURY STREET ["]

12 What's new Pussycat? She's traveling round and round in very fashionable circles, and using her maiden name again, natural cat lynx. You'll probably enjoy a whirl with her yourself. The fun is delirious and doesn't cost much. $700 Fur Salon, Fifth floor, Filene's Boston All fur products labeled to show country of origin of imported furs. [12]

13 Kim Hi i m& EM&5 called the unflawed reflection of the first moment of deep serenity and felicity in the constantly unsettled life of the composer. The cradle folk-song, "Schlaf', mein Kind, schlaf ein," the only theme in the Idyll which does not also occur in the Third Act of Siegfried, of course implicates the namesake of the Norse hero, the son of Richard and Cosima. Their "Fidi," as they fondly called him, was eighteen months old when the Idyll was written. It was not less an expression of the peace of soul that Wagner had found at Tribschen, their idyllic promontory, as well protected as possible by the blue waters of Lake Lucerne from the pressing creditors, the prying visitors, the enemies at court and gossip mongers from which the pair had taken precipitate flight at Munich. Tribschen was a second "Asyl," a refuge at last, where Wagner could give himself to the creation of scores without fear of sudden stress and disruption. A "Tribschener Idyll" was Wagner's first title for the work. But in a deeper sense, Cosima is the true center of the Idyll. It was her love which brought his content, and the themes of the Idyll, deriving from the love scene of Siegfried and Brunnhilde, had their inner source in the first union of Richard and Cosima.* When Wagner at Tribschen played her excerpts from the Third Act of Siegfried, which had just come into being, so writes du Moulin-Eckart, in his life of * Associating each of Wagner's heroines with one of the women who profoundly influenced his emotional development, Paul Bekker identifies Cosima von Biilow with Brunnhilde not the Valkyrie of the earlier drama, but the very different Brunnhilde whom Siegfried aroused to a great and human passion. "She was an experience Wagner had to live through before he could express in music the love-story of Brunnhilde and Siegfried, the awakening of Woman by Man." Christian Science Sunday services 10:45 a.m., 7:30 p.m. (July, August: 10:45 a.m. only) Sunday School, Nursery, 10:45 a.m. Wednesday Testimony Meetings 7:30 p.m. The Mother Church The First Church of Christ, Scientist in Boston Falmouth and Norway Streets off Huntington Ave. (Symphony Station) [13]

14 Cosima, "she felt as though she must faint for mingled pain and bliss. Then did she realize the object and duty of her lite at Tribschen. But he rose and pointed to her portrait, saying that 'this was what he beheld as he had written it all; life still remained upon the heights.'... She really felt that this third act of Siegfried was intimately bound up with her, and with her whole being; lor the Master was now drawing upon the themes which had come into being during that period at Starnberg when she had come to him. At the time the two had intended them for quartets and trios, but now they found their true application, for they formed the setting of Brunnhilde's song: 'Ewig war ich, ewig bin ich.' And in this is revealed a wondrous mystery of love and creation." This song found its way into the Siegfried Idyll as its principal theme. Liszt, receiving the score from his son-in-law, aptly called it "that wondrous hymn in praise of domestic sentiment," and indeed, the Idyll was in spirit a true forerunner of the Symphonia Domestica. When, in 1878, Wagner felt that the time had come to release the score to the world in publication, Cosima was deeply distressed. "The Idyll is going off today," she wrote in her diary. "My secret treasure is becoming common property; may the joy it will give mankind be commensurate with the sacrifice that I am making." Indeed, the Idyll was never intended for public knowledge but lor the intimacy of the family circle. Ernest Newman points out in an article in the London Sunday Times that Wagner allowed it to be published with great reluctance and "under financial duress." [copyrighted] Superior tone, responsive action and durability are essential attributes of piano excellence. These qualitie have made Steinway the choice of a vast majority of leading artists for more than a century and they are bound to be equally gratifying to YOU as the proud owner of a Steinway. Ml WORCES 1VL STEHMERT & SONS mboylstonst. boston seslbo springr 4

15 in knowing hands, a pencil can be evocative, too We don't mean to suggest a comparison between the sublime art of the maestro and the more prosaic talents of the insurance specialist. Nevertheless, it is quite possible that the pencil of a highly qualified independent agent "The Man With The Plan" can evoke a vastly superior "performance" from your present insurance portfolio. may be. Or how extensive. "The Man With The Plan" is Because he is is No matter how modest it such a specialist. an independent insurance agent, he able to select and recommend coverages from great multiline organizations such as The Employers' Group of Insurance Companies. He actually does have a wider choice from which to tailor an insurance plan related precisely to your particular needs. Why not get in touch with "The Man With The Plan" in your community, soon? The EMPLOYERS' GROUP OF INSURANCE COMPANIES BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS New England Regional Office, 40 Broad St., Boston, Mass. [15]

16 ENTR'ACTE THE RETROSPECTIVE NINTH >T"^he fact that twelve years ( ) elapsed between Beethoven's * Eighth Symphony and the completion of his Ninth does not signify that on entering the last phase of his creative life he deliberately turned away from the form in which he had dwelt so long and so magnificently. Did practical considerations deter him, considerations which included the need of money, or did his growing artist's nature require a pause for a new gathering of forces, a considered approach to the problem of writing a symphony which should expand and alter the old orthodox formula with all of the adventurous freedom he was then applying to the piano sonatas transforming the moods and contours of his favorite form into something leagues removed from the Seventh and Eighth Svmphonies and their predecessors? There is a good case for each point of view: let him decide who can. Beethoven's heroic attempt to bring together the elements of his life work, to give each symphonic movement a broader and more elevated expression than ever before, to reconcile symphonic and choral writing, to mate the power of the word with the free expressiveness of his beloved instruments. In the finale he strove mightily to solve his problem. Did IMSTRIAL SCHOOL FOR CRIPPLED CHILDREN 241 St. Botolph Street Boston Provides for the handicapped child: A 12-year Academic Program Transportation Vocational Training Medical and Dental Care Speech and Physical Therapy Social Development Noon Meal Testing Recreation Camping Without Cost In a Private, Charitable. Non-Sectarian Day School Supported Solely by Legacies, Bequests and Contributions President, Charles H. Taylor Treasurer, Charles E. Cotting Chairman Ladies Committee, Mrs. Charles E. Cotting [16]

17 Bernard Zighera. the Boston Symphony's Principal Harp who also appears with the Orchestra as piano soloist celebrates his 40th anniversary with the Boston Symphony in Born in Paris of a Roumanian father and an photograph by Arthur Griffin Austrian mother, he won highest honors in both harp and piano at the Conservatoire National de Musique de Paris and played in Concerts du Conservatoire and the Paris Opera. Since joining the Boston Symphony in the Societe des he has appeared as both piano and harp soloist with the Orchestra and in concerts abroad. In he founded the Zighera Chamber Orchestra, with which for several seasons he presented a notable series of chamber concerts. A member of the faculty of the New England Conservatory and the Berkshire Music Center, he is also a member of the French Legion of Honor. This salute to a member of the Orchestra is brought to you by the Trust Department of New England Merchants National Bank, with the reminder that we would welcome an opportunity to serve you. NEW ENGLAND MERCHANTS NATIONAL BANK MEMBER F.D.I.C. TRUST DEPARTMENT 135 DEVONSHIRE STREET, BOSTON [«7]

18 he actually solve it, and find the satisfactory fusion of every force at his There are those who say he did command to carry his mighty thesis? not. The score, like Schiller's lines, is a challenge, and Beethoven's challenge is an adventure rather than a solution. It is not to be judged with a scrupulous academic eye, or set up as a model. It is roughhewn, even reckless; it can sweep all before it, carry the singers over their difficulties, and carry the audience in its headlong course. The finale is no mere setting of a text. It would be just to say that Beethoven sought a text to suit his musical intent rather than to exalt Schiller or give us a sermon on universal brotherhood. This concept and Schiller's inspiring lines excited him, but he seized them as material to his purpose. As the instrumental movements strive in each case to bring each component part of the symphony as a form to its fullest, its definitive expression, the choral finale strives to lift the whole to its highest point. The spirit of this finale does not reveal a new Beethoven, but the known Beethoven of the earlier symphonies, now more highly charged, newly ambitious, in the questing spirit of his last years. The finale of the Ninth is still the joyous culmination familiar in previous works. The finales of the "Eroica," the Fifth and the Seventh Symphonies are also proclamations, wordless odes to joy. The jet is fairly common. The airline is one ofa kind There's more to choosing an airline than comparing timetables or menus. What you want more than anything else is confidence, peace of mind, assurance. Call it what you will, it means everything. Fly with us soon. You can board a Pan Am Jet in any one of 17 U.S. cities. You can plan a trip to any one of 86 lands 'round the world. Wherever you go, you'll know you're flying the very best there is. It's a good feeling. World's most experienced airline ll«t ON THC ATLANTIC tl*(t ON THC PACIFIC FlP.IT IN IATIN AMERICA FlPtT ROUND TMI WORLD [18

19 » Word-association test When you say "Boston" to a non-bostonian, there's at least an even chance he'll say "beans." But if he doesn't, he's almost certain to say "Symphony." Which is not surprising. The Symphony has been just about the finest thing in Boston for a long time now. No matter what else changes, we suspect it always will be. [19]

20 It was during his student days in Bonn that Beethoven had fastened upon Schiller's poem, and for a long time it remained a vague and unpursued notation in his sketchbooks. The heady sense of liberation in the verses must have appealed to him as they appealed to every German. They were in the spirit of the times, the spirit that had swept Europe and America, and Beethoven belonged to his time. He was no politician, nor the kind to discourse learnedly in such phrases as "the brotherhood of man." He was an idealist on such subjects as man, God, and the universe, but a practicing rather than a prating one, whose faith found concrete, powerful, vivid expression in tones. As Berlioz wrote of the choral finale, "The joy is now religious, grave, and immense." Such round and ringing phrases as "Seid umschlungen, Millionen! Diesen Kuss der ganzen Welt!" ("Millions, myriads, rise and gather! Share this universal kiss!") have become, with the power of massed voices, a provocation to stir actual millions of listeners through the years as a summons to a noble concept. never as urgent, as indispensable to the future as it is today. That concept was KEnmore finer furs Newbury Street Eighteen Boston, Mass. -"'-"" : ;:\ A : tuv\ng converse igigr 1 BB*coni^io*con 20

21 Mb Fiduciary Trust Company 10 POST OFFICE SQUARE, BOSTON m BOARD of DIRECTORS Robert H. Gardiner Edmund H. Kendrick President Vice President Edward H. Osgood Robert M. P. Kennard Vice President Vice President Ralph B. Williams Philip Dean Vice President Vice President James O. Bangs Vice President & Treasurer John W. Bryant Vice President John Q. Adams Ronald T. Lyman, Jr. Vice President, Scudder, Stevens & Clark John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Co. Edward F. MacNichol James Barr Ames Ropes & Gray Samuel Cabot, Jr. Trustee Richard C. Paine Sfafe Street Research & Management Co. President, Samuel Cabot, Inc. Malcolm D. Perkins Francis C. Trustee Gray Herrick, Smith, Donald, Farley & Ketchum Philip H. Theopold Henry R. Guild Chairman of Trustees, Herrick, Smith, Donald, Farley & Ketchum Francis W. Hatch, Jr. Beverly Farms, Mass. John L. Real Estate Investment Trust of America Thorndike Assistant to the Treasurer, Harvard College Albert B. Hunt James N. White President, Rivett, Inc. Scudder, Stevens & Clark Robert G. Wiese Scuddei; Stevens & Clark We act os Trustee, Executor, Agent ond Custodian [21]

22 The charge is often repeated that Beethoven treats the vocal quartet "instrumentally," and strains the voices of the chorus. It may be true that if Beethoven had never been deaf he might have been kinder to the capacities of the human voice. Yet the movement as conceived and developed could not do otherwise. Music of mounting tension and overwhelming climax, it finds its end with a sure and also a driving musical logic. Some pedants shake their heads over the Symphony, and particularly the "episodic" finale. Here again, Berlioz gives them the lie: "The only answer for the critic who reproaches the composer for having violated the law of unity is so much the worse for the law!" Beethoven was never the slave to form. Formal procedure was in his artist's The first nature, to be called upon as it suited his immediate purpose. movement is a wondrous example of development as Beethoven had evolved it, but development extended by thematic excursions and by a long coda for the simple reason that the composer had much on his heart and an inexhaustible imagination. Who would cut a single bar? The scherzo is closest to formal tradition but again it is greatly extended, and for the same reason. The slow movement is an alternation of two sections in differing tempo and rhythm, treated on the principle of variation. The wayward Beethoven was doing what he did in his last quartets notably the one in A minor with the adagio BOCA GRANDE PALM BEACH ~(o3s<v *^*~ The Ritz Carlton Hotel Pretty Clothes for All Occasions MANCHESTER WATCH HILL COFFEES S. S. Pierce Mocha and Java made exclusively from Arabian Mocha and Sumatra Java. S. S. Pierce Red Label more than half of this blend is rare, aged and mellowed old crop Columbian coffee. ^Jne U^e&t in the World from ^Til \Juer the World TEAS Sahib India Orange Pekoe an exquisite flowery bouquet with the flavor of young Assam tea leaves. S. S. Pierce Formosa Oolong a rich, full-bodied tea of clear, light color from Formosa. S. S. PIERCE [22]

23 I - - nr How to keep your investment program on course. No investor can afford to fall behind on his decision-making. If you are more and more preoccupied with business or professional responsibilities, let an Investment Management Account at State Street Bank give you a hand with many of the decisions and all of the details. Our senior officers and directors, by virtue of their broad business contacts, contribute a close familiarity with economic trends. Our investment analysts have access to a wealth of facts, and they're equipped by skill and training to sort the meaningful from the insignificant. We apply the results on an individual basis. Our recommenda- our understanding of your own goals, your own cir- tions reflect cumstances. The final say-so is yours. Let us help you keep your investment program on course through the years ahead. Call on the Personal Trust Division. Telephone PERSONAL TRUST DIVISION State Street Office: Cor. State & Congress Sts. State Street Bank AND TRUST COMPANY BOSTON, MASS. [23]

24 in the Dorian mode reconciling two disparate sections by that magic of his own which eludes analysis. The Symphony is work the musical experience of his life. indeed the composer's effort to draw into a single Romain Rolland in his book La Neuvieme Symphonie (1941) stresses the Ninth Symphony as a "summation" ("une Somme de vie") rather than as the forward-looking work Beethoven would have given us as a younger man. He wrote: "The Ninth Symphony is a confluence. In it there are brought together and commingled the numerous currents from far back, from various sources, from the dreams and wishes of men in all ages. One might also say that it looks back upon the eight symphonies preceding, and so builds its summit from the past. The long period which transpired between the Eighth Symphony and the Ninth has given it range and perspective, made it a life's summation. It is not the true mirror of that life; it reflects rather a spirit aged, full of wounds, which has seen the end, often bitter and deceptive, of experience, of hope. The music is often shadowed, it is without the pow T er of young illusion. It seeks Largest Co-operative Bank in Massachusetts MERCHANTS CO-OPERATIVE BANK Conveniently located 125 TREMONT AT PARK STREET BOSTON Where You Are Always Welcome to Save Money Individual Accounts from $10 to $30,000 Joint, Corporation, Pension, Charitable and Retirement Accounts up to $30,000. Quarterly Dividends Paid Since 18S1 HENRY H. PIERCE, President Travel in the elegant manner that is ROBIE Whatever your transportation need, have a chauffeur-driven Robie Cadillac limousine travel you comfortably and conveniently. Call Robie Cadillac at for details. ROBIE CADILLAC RENTING CO., 296 Boylston St., Boston, Mass [24]

25 fresh life, looks toward new horizons, but nothing is quite as before. There is lacking the abandon of young love, of young pride and ambition even of young suffering. The composer finds instead a present which is incomparably godlike he has found the magic power of the aging Prospero, and with it almost apart new life forces." The Ninth Symphony is thus retrospective, a drawing together of accumulated power from a life's experience, the use of building materials not new. No more than seven years later Berlioz would plot another "new path" for music in his Symphonie Fantastique. But it would be quite wrong to regard the Ninth as a sort of stupendous final curtain to an epoch. While it could not be directly emulated, it had a tremendous effect on the future course of music. It planted in many a composer an irresistible urge toward grandeur. Wagner regarded it with mystic awe. Brahms trembled before the task of adding another to the immortal nine. It can be questioned whether Bruckner and Mahler would have undertaken their grandiose symphonic schemes without the choral Ninth to excite their imaginations. While offering no specific usable material, it fired the ambition for immensity through a whole Romantic centurv. j. N. B. fin EjRf? AEOLIAN-SKINNER ORGAN COMPANY Designers of the instruments for SYMPHONY HALL, BOSTON FORD MEMORIAL AUDITORIUM, DETROIT ACADEMY OF MUSIC, PHILADELPHIA LINCOLN CENTER, NEW YORK KENNEDY CENTER, WASHINGTON THE NEW ENGLAND CONSERVATORY A COLLEGE OF MUSIC Chester W. Williams, President BACHELOR OF MUSIC DEGREE UNDERGRADUATE DIPLOMA MASTER OF MUSIC DEGREE ARTIST'S DIPLOMA Faculty includes Principals of the BOSTON SYMPHONY ORCHESTRA Catalogue: 290 Huntington Avenue, Boston KE [25]

26 SYMPHONY NO. 9 IN D MINOR with Final Chorus on Schiller's "Ode to Joy," Op. 125 By Ludwig van Beethoven Born in Bonn, December i6(?), 1770; died in Vienna, March 26, 1827 Completed in 1824, Beethoven's Ninth Symphony was first performed at the Karnthnerthortheater in Vienna on May 7 of that year and repeated on May 23. The first performance in this country was given by the New York Philharmonic Society, May 20, The Germania Musical Society in Boston, assisted by a chorus from the Handel and Haydn Society, gave a performance here February 5, The Symphony was given annually by Georg Henschel to conclude each of the Boston Symphony Orchestra's first three seasons. The Symphony is -scored for -2 flutes -and piccolo, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons and contra-bassoon, 4 horns, 2 trumpets, 3 trombones, timpani, bass drum, triangle, cymbals and strings. The score is dedicated to Wilhelm III of Prussia. Themes which are gradually unfolded from mysterious murmurings in the orchestra no uncommon experience nowadays all date back to the opening measures of the Ninth Symphony, where Beethoven conceived the idea of building a music of indeterminate open fifths on the dominant, accumulating a great crescendo of suspense until the theme itself is revealed in the pregnant key of D minor, proclaimed fortissimo by the whole orchestra in unison. It might be added that no one since has quite equaled the mighty effect of Beethoven's own precedent not even Wagner, who held this particular page in mystic awe, and no doubt remembered it when he depicted the elementary serenity of the Rhine in a very similar manner at the opening of the Ring. RVOTO RESTAURANT SUPERB JAPANESE CUISINE MASS. AVE., BOSTON, Near Symphony Hall

27 Canyou r&member when symphony seats wet&only25*? That was a while back, when Friday afternoon concerts were still called "rehearsals." The founder of the Symphony, Henry Lee Higginson, stipulated that a special section of seats would always go on sale immediately before the Friday afternoon concert. These "rush seats" were priced at 250; therefore, anyone had the opportunity to attend a concert. It was merely a matter of getting up early enough Friday morning to stand in line. These rush seats are still on sale. Henry Higginson would be proud to know that in spite of inflation, these same seats are only 600 today. If you can remember those 250 days, chances are you're in a good position to examine the other side of the life insurance coin opportunity. New England Life offers a number of ways for you to use life insurance in business or in your estate plans to strengthen your financial position. You may be overlooking these opportunities; they could save you a good deal of money. For a free PORTFOLIO OF OPPORTUNITY, write to us at Dept. SP 1, 501 BoylstonSt, Boston, Mass NewEngland Life NEW ENGLAND MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY: ALL FORMS OF INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP LIFE INSURANCE. ANNUITIES AND PENSIONS. GROUP HEALTH COVERAGES. [27]

28 28. THE : The development in this, the longest of Beethoven's first movements, progresses with unflagging power and majesty through many an episode, many a sudden illumination from some fragment of his themes. At the restatement of the main theme the orchestra is flooded with the triumph of the D major long withheld. The long coda, coming at the point where it would seem that nothing more could be said on a much developed subject, calls forth new vistas from the inexhaustible imagination of the tone magician who needed little more than the common chord upon which to erect his vast schemes. Tovey writes of this movement (in Essays of Musical Analysis) that it "dwarfs every other first movement, long or short, that has been written before or since," attaining its stature, in his opinion, by a perfect balance in the organization of its parts. And Grove goes further still (Beethoven and his Nine Symphonies): "Great as are the beauties of the second and third movements and it is impossible to exaggerate them and original, vigorous and impressive as are many portions of the finale, it is still the opening allegro that one thinks of when the Ninth Symphony is mentioned. In many respects it differs from other first movements of Beethoven; everything seems to combine to make it the greatest of them all." ^ y i3i s i -ni,; ^&- The Women's Educational and Industrial Union a nonprofit service organization founded by women in 1877 invites your membership Three new projects merit support * Partnership Teaching * Neighborhood Assistant Program * Foster Homes for the Blind Address inquiries to 264 Boylston Street, Boston._»..Tel.: DUES: ANNUAL $5.00 CONTRIBUTING $10.00 LIFE $ Why have so many leading high fidelity critics purchased DUAL 1009 Auto/Professional Turntable... closed the gap with the manual turntable. S99.50 systems DUAL 1019 Auto/Professional Turntable.. most sophisticated record playing instrument. S Ror the same compelling reasons that prompted them to acclaim Dual in their editorial columns. A new high in precision performance, quiet operation, total reliability. Write for brochure and complete reprints of test reports. \sn\-\in AUDIO 12 WEST 18th ST.. NEW YORK, N.Y In Canada: DUAL OF CANADA, 24 Milford Ave., Toronto 15, Ont. RECORD PROVES IT SINCE 1900 DUALS THE FINEST..

29 have you visi+ed our newly opened VILLAGE SHOP It's our unique little shop on our second floor (next to our Misses' Casual Dress Shop) especially for the smart young individual who loves beautiful casuals... it fairly sings of new ideas set to the fashion tempo of the day! It's the new home of the famous "Villager" color-coordinated skirts, shirts, sweaters, dresses and suits (as sketched) also handsome suede jackets and coats... and the most unusual collection of costume jewelry and accessories! BOSTON SECOND FLOOR MAIN STORE FRAMINGHAM PEABODY [29]

30 II. In this symphony alone among his nine, Beethoven put his scherzo second in order and before the slow movement. A scherzo it is in everything but name, with the usual repeats, trio, and da capo (with bridge passages added). There is the dancelike character of earlier scherzos, and an echo of rusticity in the trio, recalling the Sixth and Seventh. Yet all is lifted to the prevailing mood of rarefied purity as this movement, like the others, adds a new voice to an old form. This scherzo has been called "a miracle of repetition in monotony," by virtue of the incessant impact of its rhythm (associated with the kettledrums, tuned in octaves) which keeps a constant course through the most astonishing variety in modulation, color, counterpoint. The movement begins as a five-voice fugue, recalling the fact that Beethoven first conceived the theme as the subject for a fugue the earliest of his sketches which eventually found a way into the symphony. The trio continues the contrapuntal interest by the combination of two themes. The famous passage for the oboe against wind chords reminded Berlioz of "the effect produced by the fresh morning air, and the first rays of the rising sun in May." III. The slow movement is built upon two themes whose structural relation lies principally in contrast: the first, adagio in B-flat, 4-4 time, the second, andante moderato in D major, triple time. After the almost static adagio, the second theme attains flowing motion in its melody, which Beethoven has marked "espressivo." This theme recurs in alternation with the other, but unlike the other is hardly la maisonette the little house of many designers 115 newbury street, boston Personally Selected Fashions for Town and Country Aerj 97 NEWBURY STREET BOSTON Platinum and Diamond Brooch Gold and Platinum Ring with Sapphires and Diamonds I 3

31 varied, except in the instrumentation. The adagio theme undergoes variations of increasingly intricate melodic ornament like those by which Beethoven also lifted his last sonatas and quartets to such indescribable beauty. IV. The finale opens with a frank discord, followed by a stormy and clamorous presto of seven bars. It is as if the composer, having wrested from his first three movements the very utmost drop that was in them, is still restless and unsatisfied. He must still advance upon his divine adventure, cast off his tragic or poignant moods, find some new expression, fulsome and radiant. A few measures of each movement are reviewed, and after each a recitative in the 'cellos and basses gives an answer of plain rejection; in the first two cases brusquely, in the case of the adagio softened by a tender memory. Beethoven's instruments seem on the very verge of speech. A hint of the coming choral theme is breathed in gentle accents by the wood winds, to which the recitative, now no longer confined to the strings, gives a convincing affirmative. Thereupon the theme in full is unfolded in its rightful D major. It is first heard in the utter simplicity* of the low strings in unison, piano. Gradually harmonies and instruments are added, until the exposition has been completely made. Once more there is the noisy presto passage, and the composer introduces words for the first time into a symphony. The baritone has this recitative: * The choral theme has come in for some slighting remarks, probably on account of its ABC simplicity. It need scarcely be pointed out that a basic simplicity, treated with infinite subtlety and variety, is the very essence of the score from the first measure to the last. It is not without significance that Beethoven refined and polished this theme through two hundred sketches, to attain its ultimate beauty and perfection. There are no lack of distinguished advocates for the theme. Grove wrote: "The result of years and years of search, it is worthy of all the pains which have been lavished on it, for a nobler and more enduring tune surely does not exist." Wagner: "Beethoven has emancipated this melody from all influences of fashion and variations of taste, and has raised it into a type of pure and lasting humanity." Tovey (to use a recent authority) says as much, in his way, in three words, calling it simply "a great theme." A Gcmualeicent 9nn... affords you the ultimate in elegance and gracious atmosphere together with superb professional care. Please visit us before you choose a nursing home... WEST OF BOSTON SUDBURY PINES Boston Post Road Tel IN LEXINGTON HANCOCK HOUSE 178 Lowell Street Tel NORTH SHORE PILGRIM HOUSE at Peabody Forest Street Tel BOSTON INSURANCE GROUP BOSTON INSURANCE COMPANY, OLD COLONY INSURANCE COMPANY, BOSTON INDEMNITY INSURANCE COMPANY, 87 KILBY STREET, BOSTON 2, MASS. EQUITABLE FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, CHARLESTON, SOUTH CAROLINA [31]

32 'O Freunde, nicht diese Tone, sondern lasst uns angenehmere anstimmen, und freudenvollere. Oh friends, no longer these tones of sadness! Rather sing a song of sharing and of gladness! Oh Joy, we hail Thee! There immediately follow the first three verses of Schiller's Ode,t by the solo quartet and chorus: Freude, schoner Gotterfunken, Tochter aus Elysium, Wir betreten feuertrunken, Himmlische, dein Heiligthum. Joy, thou spark from heav'n immortal Daughter of Elysium! Drunk with fire, toward Heaven advancing Goddess, to thy shrine we come. here given has been made for the Boston Symphony Orchestra by t The English translation Theodore Spencer, and is copyrighted. It may be noted here that of the eight verses of Schiller's poem, Beethoven chose the first three verses, at first without their four-line choruses, and then added three choruses in succession, one of them, "Froh, wie seine Sonnen fliegen," belonging to the fourth verse, which otherwise he did not use, obviously choosing these lines for their militant possibilities. Beethoven could scarcely have set more of the text ; to set three stanzas required from him the longest symphonic movement which had ever been composed. Yet Grove thought that Beethoven was deterred by the "bad taste" of some of Schiller's verses. A line which the Englishman fastens upon in horrified italics as "one of the more flagrant escapades" is this: "Dieses Glas dem guten Geist!" ("This glass to the good Spirit!"). YEAR IN AND YEAR OUT YOU'LL DO WELL WITH THE HARTFORD HARTFORD LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY 77 Franklin Street, Boston 12, Massachusetts member/the HARTFORD INSURANCE GROUP / 7/te QUALITY BEVERAGES With pride, pleasure and appreciation announces the New Location: COPLEY SQUARE HOTEL 90 Exeter Street Boston Dinner and Supper 5:00-12:00 p.m. Every Day Including Sunday Aperitifs and Wines [32]

33 What everyone likes about Boston... What you will Museum of Science from the Charles River Basin like about Shawmut's trust department... You will like the warmth, respect and understanding a Shawmut trust officer brings to your personal trust problems... plus the sound judgment, based on research and experience, that helps you reach proper financial decisions. Let him demonstrate to you and your attorney how Shawmut can serve you. The Rational Shawmut Bank of Boston Complete Banking and Trust Services Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation [33]

34 Deine Zauber binden wieder, Was die Mode streng getheilt; A lie Menschen werden BriXder, Wo dein sanfter Fliigel weilt. Wem der grosse Wurf gelungen, Eines Freundes Freund zu sein, Wer ein holdes Weib errungen, Mische seinen Jubel ein! Ja wer auch nu* eine Seele Sein nennt auf dem Erdenrund! Und wer's nie gekonnt, der stehle Weinend sich aus diesem Bund. Freude trinken alle Wesen An den Briisten der Natur; Alle Guten, alle Bosen Folgen ihrer Rosenspur. Kiisse gab sie uns und Reben, Einen Freund, gepriift im Tod; Wollust ward dem Wurm gegeben, Und der Cherub steht vor Gott. Thy sweet magic brings together What stern Custom spreads afar; All mankind knows all men brothers Where thy happy wing-beah are. He whose luck has been so golden Friend to have and friend to be, He that's won a noble woman, Join us in our jubilee. Oh if there is any being Who may call one heart his own Let him join us, or else, weeping, Steal away to weep alone. Nature's milk of joy all creatures Drink from that full breast of hers; All things evil, all things lovely, Rose-clad, are her followers. Kisses are her gift, and vine-leaves, Lasting friend on life's long road; Joy the humblest worm is given, Joy, the Seraph, dwells with God. The four line chorus (to the unused fourth verse) summons in Beethoven's imagination a marching host, and he gives it to proud and striding measures "alia marcia," adding piccolo, double-bassoon, triangle, cymbals, and bass drum to his orchestra (again for the first time in a symphony). This is the verse, given to the tenor solo and chorus: Froh, wie seine Sonnen fliegen Durch des Himmels prdcht'gen Plan, Wandelt, Briider, eure Bahn, Freudig, wie ein Held zum Siegen. Glad as the suns that God sent flying Down their paths of glorious space, Brothers, now forget all sadness Joyful run your hero's race. Cultured pearl and diamond earrings $110 [34] BOSTON NOBTMSHOgE SOUTH SHO/fE At Boston, Chestnut Hill, Northshore, South Shore JEWELERS 81 Charles St. BEACON HILL R RJCKAJU> l>ana,inc A custom designing service is available

35 After the excitement of this variation, Beethoven allows himself to be alone with his instruments once more, and for the last time, in a double fugue. The chorus next sings (andante maestoso) the following short verse of far-flung import, calling upon three trombones to add to the impressiveness of the sonority: Seid umschlungen, Millionen! Diesen Kuss der ganzen Welt! Briider iiberm Sternenzelt Muss ein lieber Vater wohnen! O embrace now all you millions, With one kiss for all the world. Brothers, high beyond all stars Surely dwells a loving Father. A religious adagio in a mood of mystic devotion is the setting of the following verse: Ihr stiirzt nieder, Millionen? Ahnest du den Schopfer, Welt? Such' ihn iiberm Sternenzelt! Ueber Sternen muss er wohnen. Kneel before him, all you millions Know your true Creator, man! Seek him high beyond all stars, High beyond all stars adore Him. But the key verse of the movement is the first: "Freude, schoner Gotterfunken," and this, with its chorus: "Seid umschlungen, Millionen," is resumed by the quartet and chorus, and finally exalted to its sweeping climax in the coda, prestissimo. [copyrighted] Q^> THE DAVID L GERMAN TRAVEL SERVICE Philadelphia's leading travel agency specializing in tours of musical and cultural interest is pleased to announce that their two WINTER OPERA AND THEATRE TOURS TO EUROPE 31 JANUARY 21 FEBRUARY and 7 FEBRUARY 9 MARCH will be highlighted by attendance at the glamorous VIENNA STATE OPERA CONCERT AND BALL With the over 100-piece Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra as accompaniment, tour members will waltz in the gracious setting of the Vienna State Opera's rose-bedecked auditorium following the traditional "Command Performance" featuring many of the great stars of the operatic and concert stage. Supper will be served in your own private box from which you will view the evening's magnificent entertainment. Tour participants, in addition to the Concert and Ball, will attend opera and concert as well as theatre performances in Brussels, Paris, Munich, Milan, Barcelona, Madrid and London accompanied by a distinguished former member of the International Opera Scene who will act as tour host. The first group will be composed of those who cannot conveniently be away for longer than three weeks and who will be able to take advantage of the reduced rate 21-Day Excursion trans-atlantic Airfare. The second group will enjoy a more leisurely journey with never less than four days in each city, allowing them an opportunity to relax amidst Europe's foremost culture centres while savoring some of its most exciting revivals and premieres. Tour Price, including Jet airline transportation, excellent hotels and meals, cultural touring and the best performance tickets: 31 JANUARY - 21 FEBRUARY: $990 7 FEBRUARY - 9 MARCH: $1,630 For further information and detailed itineraries apply to THE DAVID L. GERMAN TRAVEL SERVICE 1400 South Penn Square, Philadelphia, Pa Telephone: LOcust [35]