Optimizing Displays for Digital Dailies

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Martha Barton
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1 Optimizing Displays for Digital Dailies H. Loren Nielsen Entertainment Technology Consultants

2 Dailies Requirements: Critical Viewing Provide high quality images for reference on location & at studio Assure adequate feedback for cinematographer re. film capture & exposure Use dailies content for audience previews

3 HD Model Telecine Monitor feedback Projector Source: 35mm Telecine & Color Corrector Encode Compressed Image on screen

4 Color Timing Pitfalls Trying to fix the cinematographer s problems Adding video processing - enhancement, grain reduction, etc. Compromising the timing process for multiple display devices

5 Budget & Time Limitation Smaller telecine suites, not digital cinema or digital intermediate mastering suites Compressed playback formats Inexpensive, lightweight projection systems

6 Dailies Display Choices Projection is essential Dailies display choices are content & application driven. Eg. Bright romantic comedy & dark action thriller. Live action, animation, FX have different quality drivers

7 Critical Dailies Display Variables Size Brightness Light Spectrum/Color Gamut Color Space Gamma White Point Contrast Resolution

8 Critical Dailies Display Variables Size Matters

9 7 feet StEM Image Courtesy DCI

10 14 feet StEM Image Courtesy DCI

11 Critical Dailies Display Variables Brightness variation can be misleading

12 14 foot Lamberts StEM Image Courtesy DCI

13 10 foot Lamberts StEM Image Courtesy DCI

14 Critical Dailies Display Variables Color Space must be characterized & calibrated

15 1931 CIE Chromaticity Color Gamut DLP Cinema Rec 709

16 3D Color Volume Hue Saturation Lightness

17 Master StEM Image Courtesy DCI

18 Wide Gamut Projector Master StEM Image Courtesy DCI

19 CRT Monitor Master StEM Image Courtesy DCI

20 Critical Dailies Display Variables White point impacts emotion

21 White Point Variation DLP Cinema White point CRT White point Metal halide illumination

22 Warm Color Temperature Master StEM Image Courtesy DCI

23 Cool Color Temperature Master StEM Image Courtesy DCI

24 Critical Dailies Display Variables Gamma must be calibrated & appropriate for the environment

25 Lower Gamma Master StEM Image Courtesy DCI

26 Higher Gamma Master StEM Image Courtesy DCI

27 Port glass Air Walls, ceiling theater seating Signal Projector output Screen Image Viewing environment must be controlled/dark

28 Stray illumination in projection room Master Processed image courtesy Matt Cowan StEM Image Courtesy DCI

29 Critical Dailies Display Variables Resolution level is content driven

30 2K Resolution StEM Image Courtesy DCI

31 1280 Resolution StEM Image Courtesy DCI

32 2K Resolution StEM Image Courtesy DCI

33 1280 Resolution StEM Image Courtesy DCI

34 Basic Quality Requirements Projected image of adequate size >5 ft high (>9 ft. wide flat, ~12 ft wide scope) Appropriate brightness levels ~14 fl Minimum sequential contrast >1500:1 Broad color gamut set white point Gamma 2.6 power law or custom curve

35 Basic Quality Requirements Minimum Resolution ~1280 x frames per second Dark environment Repeatable performance Calibration with mastering system Playback: Min. 35 Megabits per second

36 System Options Characterize & calibrate a closed loop system Establish matched bookend mastering & dailies displays Develop color space independent reference standards

37 Characterized Devices Source Reference Display Reference Display feedback Input Device Look Processing Output Device Product: Intended Look Quality Assurance Calibration Process Control Testing

38 Reference Display Proxy and final reference should match Reference Display Reference Display feedback Source: Elements of Intended Look Look Processing Characterized Output Device Product: Intended Look Quality Assurance Calibration Process Control Testing

39 Reference Standards SMPTE Ad hoc group International Color Consortium

40 Thank You Digital Cinema Initiative for use of StEM images Matt Cowan for color processed images Mark Shubin and HPA

DCI Requirements Image - Dynamics

DCI Requirements Image - Dynamics Matt Cowan Entertainment Technology Consultants www.etconsult.com Gamma 2.6 12 bit Luminance Coding Black level coding Post Production Implications Measurement Processes