Development a low cost and fast deployment solution for air quality and weather monitoring system based on Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN)

Transcription

1 Development a low cost and fast deployment solution for air quality and weather monitoring system based on Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) Group of Rural Telecommunication at Pontifical Catholic University of Peru (GTR-PUCP) Andres Jacoby Krateil March 27th, 2015 International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) Workshop on Scientific Applications for IoT WORKSHOP ON SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) 1

2 Motivation Lima is the most air polluted city in Latinoamerica according to WHO. According to WHO, one-eighth of the total deaths in the world is caused by air pollution. The Peruvian authorities (DIGESA and SENAMHI) measure the air quality in intervals of months and at specific locations due to the expensive equipment and limited movement of the continuous air quality monitoring stations. There is no culture of air quality awareness in the population. WORKSHOP ON SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) 2

3 Proposed design of air quality solution based on WSN A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a viable solution for the problem describe due to the following facts: 1) Cover a large area. 2) Provide data about AQ continuously. 3) Be energetically autonomous. 4) Be relative inexpensive. Conceptually schematic of the solution. WORKSHOP ON SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) 3

4 Proposed design of the weather node The proposed design of the Weather Node is based on an Arduino Due. The radio selected was a Xbee PRO 900 HP. The parameters measured by the weather node are: Temperature Humidity Wind speed Wind direction Precipitation Pressure Solar radiation UV radiation 3.3V 3.3V 3.3V TEMPERAT URE HUMIDITY WIND SPEED PRECIPITATION WIND DIRECTION PRESURE SOLAR RADIATION AMPLIFIE R CONDITION ER CONDITION ER CONDITION ER CONDITION ER CONDITION ER CONDITION ER A1 A0 INT. EXT. D2 INT. EXT. D3 A4 A5 A3 ARDUINO DUE Vcc TX RX D7 12 V RX SHIELD X-BEE X-BEE PRO MODULE FAN CONTROLLER TX 12V 3.3V RADIACIÓN UV CONDITION ER A2 Vin 12V SUPPLY AND REGULATOR Vout SCL SDA RTC MODULE 3.3V WORKSHOP ON SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) 4

5 Proposed design of the air quality node CO NO2 SUPPORT CKTO SUPPORT CKTO EXTERNAL ADC EXTERNAL ADC SCL SDA SCL SDA Vcc TX RX 12V RX SHIELD X-BEE TX 3.3V The proposed design of the air quality node was also based on an Arduino Due. The radio selected was a also Xbee PRO 900 HP. For the gas sensors a custom board for signal conditioner and Analog-to-Digital conversion. The parameters measure by the AQ node are: Carbon monoxide (CO), Nitrogen dioxide (NO 2), Sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), Ozone (O 3 ), Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), Particulate matter ( PM10, PM2.5), Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), Oxigen (O 2 ), temperature, humidity, wind speed and wind direction. SO2 O3 H2S SUPPORT CKTO SUPPORT CKTO SUPPORT CKTO PM CO2 O2 EXTERNAL ADC EXTERNAL ADC EXTERNAL ADC CONDITION ER CONDITION ER ACONDICIO NADOR SCL SDA SCL SDA SCL SDA TX2 RX2 A1 A4 ARDUINO DUE D7 X-BEE PRO MODULE FAN CONTROLLER 12V TEMPERAT URE SNSOR AMPLIFIC ADOR A0 HUMIDITY ACONDICIO NADOR A2 3.3V WIND SPEED ACONDICIO NADOR INT. EXT. D2 Signal conditioner and ADC board. Arduino Due+Xbee Shield+Custom board Vin 12V 3.3V SUPPLY AND REGULATOR WIND DIRECTION Vout ACONDICIO NADOR A3 SCL SDA RTC MODULE 3.3V WORKSHOP ON SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) 5

6 Sensors used Parameter Brand Model CO Alphasense CO-B4 NO 2 Alphasense NO2-B4 SO 2 Alphasense SO2-B4 O 3 Alphasense O3-B4 H 2 S Alphasense H2S-B4 PM10 & PM2.5 Cubic AM3004 CO 2 Figaro CDM4161A O 2 Figaro KE-25 Temperature Texas Instruments LM35 Humidity Measurement Specialties In HTM2500L Wind speed Sparkfun Weather meters Wind direction Sparkfun Weather meters Precipitation Sparkfun Weather meters Pressure Freescale Semiconductor MPX4115A Solar radiation Apogee Instruments SQ-110 UV radiation Apogee Instruments SU-100 WORKSHOP ON SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) 6

7 Implementation AQ nodes version 1 Structure for the sensors made out of wood. Structure made out of plastic. WORKSHOP ON SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) 7

8 First deployment Pabellón V Nodo V-2 Nodo V-1 Nodo Oficina-GTR Gateway Servidor ZigBee (IEEE ) Pabellón O Nodo V-1 Nodo V-2 Nodo Oficina-GTR Pabellón V Servidor LAN PUCP Ethernet Gateway Oficina GTR - Pabellón O Conceptual View of the WSN. Map of the deployment. WORKSHOP ON SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) 8

9 First deployment AQ Node V1 at V Hall Weather Node at V Hall AQ Node V2 at V Hall WORKSHOP ON SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) 9

10 Air quality node version 2 Inside View of AQ Node V2 Outside View of AQ Node V2 WORKSHOP ON SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) 10

11 Gateway Three gateways were developed and tested. A Xbee-Ethernet Gateway based Arduino Ethernet. GSM-Ethernet Gateway. A pair of two Gateway using GSM communication. A Xbee-GSM Gateway which forwards the WSN data to a server side GSM- Ethernet Gateway. For the Xbee-GSM Gateway the ITEAD Gboard Pro was used. In the server side a GSM shield with an Arduino Ethernet was used. Xbee-Ethernet Gateway. Xbee-GSM Gateway. WORKSHOP ON SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) 11

12 Information system The Information System (IS) is based on the PHP based Yii Framework which uses MVC software architecture. The server runs on a LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL and PHP) on top of a HP ProLiant DL320e Gen8. The user interface is user-friendly and allow maintenance of the WSN, view real-time AQ, history search, map view, etc. Software architecture of the information system. WORKSHOP ON SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) 12

13 Information system Daily gas motorization. Custom date, node and parameter selection. WORKSHOP ON SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) 13

14 Information system Map view of the AQ nodes indicating the last measurements. WORKSHOP ON SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) 14

15 Other projects of WSN being developed at GTR 1) TapirNet: Tropical wildlife images Achieved by CMOS cameras and Passive InfraRed sensors in a wireless network. In order to estimate the economic value of the wildlife in the Allpahuayo- Mishana reserve. This project proposes the use wireless transmission and low cost CMOS cameras to gather pictures of wild animals in the reserve to help researches to keep an animal inventory. By using wireless transmission many nodes can be installed to cover a great area in the jungle and have the images transmitted to a central node where the researcher can have access to all the pictures. 2) Hot Houses: The hot houses project implements solutions to build warm and comfortable housing in cold weather zone (Peruvian highlands) by reducing the necessity of in-house firewood based heating which produces toxic smokes. As a way to validate the improvements of using this new technology a WSN was deployed in two communities (Langui, Cusco and Tantamaco, Puno). The WSN deployed senses internal and external temperature, wind speed, wind direction, humidity, pressure, precipitation and solar radiation. Each WSN consist of 25 nodes with a point-multipoint topology. The Gateway sends the information to the server by SMS. WORKSHOP ON SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) 15

16 1. The TapirDuino cameras are placed in strategic places of a way that motivates the animals to go through. 2. Each time an animal passes by that way (action zone) the TapirDuino will take a picture. 3. At the end of each day the information gather by each node is transmitted to the sink node. 4. Weekly a UAV will travel from Iquitos to the intervention zone and will collect all the information from the sink node. WORKSHOP ON SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) 16

17 Allpahuayo Mishana Reserve WSN mesh-topology for the deployment. WORKSHOP ON SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) 17

18 TapirDuino TapirDuino outside view. TapirDuino inside view. WORKSHOP ON SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) 18

19 Hot Houses Hot house s techniques. Hot house s technique called Hot Wall. WORKSHOP ON SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) 19

20 Hot Houses: Deployment simulation Wireless network topology in Tanta Maco. Wireless network topology in Langui. WORKSHOP ON SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) 20

21 Hot Houses: Deployment Hot house node deployed. Hot house node deployed. WORKSHOP ON SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) 21

22 Thank You WORKSHOP ON SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) 22