Rational Expectations
|
|
- Naomi Hensley
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Rational Expectations
2 RATIONAL EXPECTATIONS Macroeconomics for the 1980s? Michael Carter The Australian National University and Rodney Maddock The Australian National University M MACMILLAN
3 Michael Carter and Rodney Maddock 1984 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without permission First published 1984 by Higher and Further Education Division MACMILLAN PUBLISHERS LTD London and Basingstoke Companies and representatives throughout the world British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Carter, Michael Rational expectations 1. Macroeconomics I. Title II. Maddock, Rodney 339 HB ISBN DOI / ISBN (ebook)
4 To Jenny, Chris and Juan
5 Contents Preface x1 Introduction TheoryDevelopment Theory and Society Conclusion 10 Expectations in Economics What are Expectations? The Cobweb Model Extrapolative Expectations Adaptive Expectations Rational Expectations Conclusion 35 Appendix: Some Topics from Probability Theory 36 Random variables and expectations 36 Stochastic processes 39 Demand Policies to Reduce Unemployment The Tools of Macroeconomic Policy Aggregate Demand and Supply The Slope of the Aggregate Supply Curve 51 Workers are fooled 58 Money wages are inflexible 60 vii
6 viii Contents The Natural Rate of Unemployment Inflation and Expectations EconomicTargetsandthePolicyRule Conclusion 77 Appendix: The Phillips Curve 79 Rational Expectations: the Challenge to Policy The Model Solving the Model The Policy Rule Would Adaptive Expectations make any Difference? Conclusion 101 The Counter-Attack Rational Expectations are too Implausible 105 Individuals are rational 106 The honest government argument 110 All profit opportunities will be exploited 110 Only a subset need be rational 111 No competing theories Learning to be Rational The Economic Model is Wrong 114 Continuous market clearing 115 Non-treatment of capital 117 Persistence 118 Does the World Fit the Models? DirectTests 123 Unbiasedness 123 Efficiency 125 Conclusion The Output-Inflation Trade-off Testing the Natural Rate Hypothesis Testing the Combined Hypotheses Response to Failure Only Unanticipated Policy Matters Conclusion 141
7 Contents ix 7 Looking Backward and Looking Forward HowhasEconomicsChanged? Have Rational Expectations Theorists Succeeded on their Own Terms? Conclusion 156 References 158 Author Index 162 Subject Index 164
8 Preface Once again, macroeconomics is at the forefront of economic debate. Theory and practice are pursued with a vigour not seen since the Great Depression and the days of Keynes. If there is a single focal point of the modern debate, then it is surely rational expectations. The theory of rational expectations was presented to the economics profession as a rationale for its own impotence. A deceptively simple concept, its implications appeared at first to be radical and profound. With the passage of time, a more secure analysis of the impact of rationality is now emerging. The rational expectations revolution has highlighted some of the shortcomings of the orthodox Keynesian synthesis which guided economic policy through the 1950s and 1960s. But has it provided a better alternative theory to guide policy in the 1980s? Our book seeks to answer this question. It does not purport to be a comprehensive survey of all that has been written on the subject of rational expectations. That task has been undertaken by others. Nor, certainly, does it claim to be an authoritative and ultimate assessment of an era in economic thought. Our book has much more modest objectives. We have aimed to set out the central ideas of rational expectations in a macroeconomic context in a manner which we hope is accessible to beginning students. We also hope that it will prove of value to those non-professionals with some background in economics who are mystified by the intellectual basis of current macroeconomic xi
9 xii Preface policy. Much of the literature on rational expectations is abstruse in the extreme. Our task has been to present the essence of this work in a simple and coherent fashion. Wherever necessary, we have not hesitated to substitute clarity for rigour. We encourage the reader who is curious about the finer points to consult the original journal articles. Indeed, a subsidiary aim of this book is to equip the motivated reader to tackle the journal literature. There is a strong theme underlying our book - namely, that economic research does not proceed serendipitously like the drunk's random walk. Rather, the direction of economic research responds to the state of the world. Rational expectations came along when it did because of the demonstrated failure of preexisting theory to explain the dismal economic performance of the period. But economic researchers also tend to act like the drunk who looks for his car key under the light of the lamp-post rather than in the dark where he dropped it. They like to cling to familiar territory, they are reluctant to abandon a line of research even if there is mounting evidence that the key is not to be found there. There is a tendency to focus on problems which are tractable though less relevant. These characteristics of economic research are evident in the story of rational expectations. Indeed, we believe that the development of the theory becomes much clearer if it is viewed from the perspective of an evolving research programme. We have highlighted this methodological perspective and organised our presentation in historical fashion. Methodologists will recognise a strong Lakatosian (Lakatos, 1970) flavour. This makes the development of rational expectations more transparent. In addition to its intrinsic interest, the story of rational expectations is of interest as a case study in the development of economic thought. We hope that the book might be useful supplementary reading for courses in economic methodology or the history of economic thought. The book traces its heritage to a well-received article published in the Journal of Economic Literature (Maddock and Carter, 1982). Readers of that article might wonder what has happened to Bert and Ernie. We can assure you that they are alive and well and have not given up arguing with one another about the world of economics. However, we felt that they had reached their limit in this particular topic. A more conventional presentation was better suited to a book-length exposition. Naturally, the book covers a
10 Preface xiii lot more ground than the article and reflects, we hope, the development of our own understanding in the intervening time. Nevertheless, the article still offers an entertaining introduction to some of the main issues canvassed in this book. We have one significant apology to make- to our friends who work within the post-keynesian and radical economics traditions. Such scholars have made a number of powerful and important criticisms of the macroeconomic approach discussed in this book. These include the nature of capital, the complete uncertainty of the future, the role of institutions, of time and of history. Rational expectations theorists have taken little notice of these questions. Thus it has not been necessary for us to dwell on these issues and we have been able to develop our story within the theoretical framework provided by the neoclassical synthesis. By omitting reference to these criticisms which arise outside the rational expectations research programme, we do not mean to imply that they are unimportant or inconsequential. Rather, we judge that they have not played a significant role in the development of the rational expectations programme so far and therefore fall outside the scope of this book. Every author is only too well aware that he or she cannot write a book alone. Our own debts are many and we can only single out a few for special mention. We have benefited of course from help and encouragement from our colleagues, especially Jeff Borland, Malcolm Gray, Fred Gruen, Ian McLean, Nils Olekalns and Adrian Pagan. Jenny Anderssen, Cherie Cromwell, Eva Klug and Doug Whaite, always willing and competent, provided invaluable research assistance. The fine environment and facilities provided by the Institute of Advanced Studies at the Australian National University have greatly facilitated our work. Finally, we wish to acknowledge the role of our wives, Colleen and Marleny, without whose warm support and understanding little would have been achieved. We have made a determined effort to write this work in a non-sexist manner. Since established habits are very hard to overcome, even this goal is probably less than perfectly achieved. For this and all shortcomings of this book, we of course assume full responsibility. Michael Carter Rodney Maddock
Introduction to the Sociology of Development
Introduction to the Sociology of Development Also by Andrew Webster INTRODUCTORY SOCIOLOGY (co-author) Introduction to the Sociology of Development Second Edition Andrew Webster palgrave Andrew Webster
More informationIDEOLOGY AND METHOD IN ECONOMICS
IDEOLOGY AND METHOD IN ECONOMICS MACMILLAN NEW STUDIES IN ECONOMICS Published Brian Burkitt and David Bowers Trade Unions and the Economy Keith Cuthbertson Macroeconomic Policy: The New Cambridge, Keynesian
More informationSeries editors: John Peck and Martin Coyle IN THE SAME SERIES
STUDYING HISTORY How to Study Series editors: John Peck and Martin Coyle IN THE SAME SERIES How to Begin Studying English Literature (second edition) Nicholas Marsh How to Study a Jane Austen Novel (second
More informationTheory and Metatheory in International Relations
Theory and Metatheory in International Relations This page intentionally left blank Theory and Metatheory in International Relations Concepts and Contending Accounts Fred Chernoff Theory and Metatheory
More informationReadability: Text and Context
Readability: Text and Context Also by Alan Bailin THE CRITICAL ASSESSMENT OF RESEARCH Traditional and New Methods of Evaluation ( co- authored) METAPHOR AND THE LOGIC OF LANGUAGE USE Also by Ann Grafstein
More informationIN THE SAME SERIES How to Study a Novel john Peck How to Study a Shakespeare Play john Peck and Martin Coyle How to Begin Studying English Literature
IN THE SAME SERIES How to Study a Novel john Peck How to Study a Shakespeare Play john Peck and Martin Coyle How to Begin Studying English Literature Nicholas Marsh How to Study a Jane Austen Novel Vivien
More informationANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF CORPORATE FINANCE
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF CORPORATE FINANCE ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY OF CORPORATE FINANCE Compiled by Roger and Eva Lister Roger and Eva Lister 1979 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 15t edition 1979 978-0-333-18399-1
More informationSociology. A brief but critical introduction
Sociology A brief but critical introduction Sociology A brief but critical introduction SECOND EDITION Anthony Giddens M MACMILLAN EDUCATION AnthonyGiddens 1982, 1986 All rights reserved. No reproduction,
More informationBOOK REVIEW: A HISTORY OF MACROECONOMICS: FROM KEYNES TO LUCAS AND BEYOND, BY MICHEL DEVROEY REVIEWED BY ROGER E. BACKHOUSE*
BOOK REVIEW: A HISTORY OF MACROECONOMICS: FROM KEYNES TO LUCAS AND BEYOND, BY MICHEL DEVROEY REVIEWED BY ROGER E. BACKHOUSE* * Department of Economics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England. Email:
More informationMedia Literacy and Semiotics
Media Literacy and Semiotics Semiotics and Popular Culture Series Editor: Marcel Danesi Written by leading figures in the interconnected fields of popular culture, media, and semiotic studies, the books
More informationQuality Assurance in Seafood Processing: A Practical Guide
Quality Assurance in Seafood Processing: A Practical Guide Quality Assurance in Seafood Processing: A Practical Guide A. D. Bonnell SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V. 1994 Springer Science+Business
More informationPublic Television in the Digital Era
Public Television in the Digital Era Also by Petros Iosifidis EUROPEAN TELEVISION INDUSTRIES (with f. Steemers and M. Wheeler) Public Television in the Digital Era Technological Challenges and New Strategies
More informationPLATO ON JUSTICE AND POWER
PLATO ON JUSTICE AND POWER By the same author ART AND REALITY: John Anderson on Literature and Aesthetics janet Anderson and Graham Cullum) (editor with Plato on Justice and Power Reading Book I of Plato's
More informationLITERARY TERMS AND CRITICISM
LITERARY TERMS AND CRITICISM Also byjohn Peck HOW TO STUDY A NOVEL: A STUDENTS' GUIDE LITERARY TERMS AND CRITICISM: A STUDENTS' GUIDE John Peck and Martin Coyle M MACMILLAN John Peck and Martin Coyle 1984
More informationHOLLYWOOD AND THE BOX OFFICE,
HOLLYWOOD AND THE BOX OFFICE, 1895-1986 By the same author READING THE SCREEN SATELLITE, CABLE AND BEYOND (with Alastair Hetherington) Hollywood and the Box Office, 1895-1986 John lzod Head, Department
More informationFormats for Theses and Dissertations
Formats for Theses and Dissertations List of Sections for this document 1.0 Styles of Theses and Dissertations 2.0 General Style of all Theses/Dissertations 2.1 Page size & margins 2.2 Header 2.3 Thesis
More informationRUSSIAN DRAMA OF THE REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD
RUSSIAN DRAMA OF THE REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD By the Same Author VALENTIN KATAEV KLOP, by Vladimir Mayakovsky (editor) Russian Dratna of the Revolutionary Period Robert Russell Lecturer in Russian University
More informationMarxism and Education. Series Editor Anthony Green Institute of Education University of London London, United Kingdom
Marxism and Education Series Editor Anthony Green Institute of Education University of London London, United Kingdom This series assumes the ongoing relevance of Marx s contributions to critical social
More informationTelevision and Teletext
Television and Teletext Macmillan New Electronics Series Series Editor: Paul A. Lynn Paul A. Lynn, Radar Systems A. F. Murray and H. M. Reekie, Integrated Circuit Design Dennis N. Pim, Television and Teletext
More informationP. W. S. Andrews. Elizabeth Brunner. P. W. S. Andrews and Elizabeth Brunner. By the same authors
STUDIES IN PRICING By the same authors P. W. S. Andrews MANUFACTURING BUSINESS ON COMPETITION IN ECONOMIC THEORY Elizabeth Brunner HOLIDAY MAKING AND THE HOLIDAY TRADES P. W. S. Andrews and Elizabeth Brunner
More informationTHE NAPOLEONIC EMPIRE
THE NAPOLEONIC EMPIRE Studies in European History General Editor: Richard Overy Editorial Consultants: John Breuilly Roy Porter PUBLISHED TITLES jeremy Black A Military Revolution? Military Change and
More informationYour use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at
Michigan State University Press Chapter Title: Teaching Public Speaking as Composition Book Title: Rethinking Rhetorical Theory, Criticism, and Pedagogy Book Subtitle: The Living Art of Michael C. Leff
More informationBRITISH INFLUENCE ON THE BIRTH OF AMERICAN LITERATURE
BRITISH INFLUENCE ON THE BIRTH OF AMERICAN LITERATURE BRITISH INFLUENCE ON THE BRITH OF AMERICAN LITERATURE Linden Peach M MACMILLAN PRESS LONOON ~ Linden Peach 1982 Softcover reprint of the hardcover
More informationAmerican Film Satire in the 1990s
American Film Satire in the 1990s American Film Satire in the 1990s Hollywood Subversion Johan Nilsson AMERICAN FILM SATIRE IN THE 1990S Copyright Johan Nilsson, 2013. Softcover reprint of the hardcover
More informationAlso by Ben Fine. Marx's Capital
Rereading Capital Also by Ben Fine Marx's Capital Rereading Capital BENFINEand LAURENCE HARRIS M Ben Fine and Laurence Harris 1979 Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover 1st edition 1979 978-0-333-23139-5 All
More informationJane Austen: The Novels
Jane Austen: The Novels ANALYSING TEXTS General Editor: Nicholas Marsh Chaucer: The Canterbury Tales Gail Ashton Shakespeare: The Tragedies Nicholas Marsh Virginia Woolf: The Novels Nicholas Marsh Jane
More informationOUT OF REACH THE POETRY OF PHILIP LARKIN
OUT OF REACH THE POETRY OF PHILIP LARKIN Also by Andrew Swarbrick THE ART OF OLIVER GOLDSMITH (editor) PHILIP LARKIN: The Whitsun Weddings and The Less Deceived T. S. ELIOT: Selected Poems Out of Reach
More informationWriting an Honors Preface
Writing an Honors Preface What is a Preface? Prefatory matter to books generally includes forewords, prefaces, introductions, acknowledgments, and dedications (as well as reference information such as
More informationHuman Rights Violation in Turkey
Human Rights Violation in Turkey Human Rights Violation in Turkey Rethinking Sociological Perspectives David Straw University of Manchester, UK David Straw 2013 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition
More informationEconometrics and Economic Theory
Jan Tinbergen Econometrics and Economic Theory Essays in Honour of Jan Tinbergen Edited by Willy Sellekaerts Palgrave Macmillan Editorial matter and selection@ Willy Sellekaerts 1974 Chapter 1 @ Clifford
More informationMexico and the Foreign Policy of Napoleon III
Mexico and the Foreign Policy of Napoleon III Mexico and the Foreign Policy of Napoleon III Michele Cunningham Visiting Research Fellow Department of History Adelaide University Australia Michele Cunningham
More informationGeorge Eliot: The Novels
George Eliot: The Novels ANALYSING TEXTS General Editor: Nicholas Marsh Published Chaucer: The Canterbury Tales Gail Ashton Aphra Behn: The Comedies Kate Aughterson Webster: The Tragedies Kate Aughterson
More informationThe Early Economic Writings of Alfred Marshall, Volume 2
The Early Economic Writings of Alfred Marshall, 1867-1890 Volume 2 Alfred Marshall about 1892 The Early Economic Writings of Alfred Marshall, 1867-1890 Edited and Introduced by J. K. Whitaker Professor
More informationAn Introduction to Digital Logic
An Introduction to Digital Logic Other titles in Electrical and Electronic Engineering B. A. Gregory: An Introduction to Electrical Instrumentation P. and A. Lynn: An Introduction to the Analysis and Processing
More informationDigital Electronics Through Worked Examples
Digital Electronics Through Worked Examples Other Macmillan titles of related interest B. R. Bannister and D. G. Whitehead, Fundamentals of Modern Digital Systems, second edition M. Beasley, Reliability
More informationTOLKIEN: A CRITICAL ASSESSMENT
TOLKIEN: A CRITICAL ASSESSMENT Also by Brian Rosebury and from the same publishers ART AND DESIRE: A STUDY IN THE AESTHETICS OF FICTION Tolkien A Critical Assessment BRIAN ROSEBURY Principal Lecturer i"
More informationPolitical Economy I, Fall 2014
Political Economy I, Fall 2014 Professor David Kotz Thompson 936 413-545-0739 dmkotz@econs.umass.edu Office Hours: Tuesdays 10 AM to 12 noon Information on Index Cards Your name Address Telephone Email
More informationThe Reign of James VI and I
The Reign of James VI and I Each volume in the 'Problems in Focus' series is designed to make available to students important new work on key historical problems and periods that they encounter in their
More informationJEAN RHYS: A CRITICAL STUDY
JEAN RHYS: A CRITICAL STUDY By the same author APPROACHES TO JOYCE'S PORTRAIT: TEN ESSAYS (editor, with Bernard Benstock) DOROTHY RICHARDSON ULYSSES: FIFTY YEARS APPROACHES TO ULYSSES: TEN ESSAYS (editor,
More informationEugenics and the Nature Nurture Debate in the Twentieth Century
Eugenics and the Nature Nurture Debate in the Twentieth Century Previous books by Aaron Gillette: Racial Theories in Fascist Italy (London: Routledge, 2002) Eugenics and the Nature Nurture Debate in the
More informationDICKENS'S CLASS CONSCIOUSNESS: A MARGINAL VIEW
DICKENS'S CLASS CONSCIOUSNESS: A MARGINAL VIEW Dickens's Class Consciousness: A Marginal View Pam Morris M MACMILLAN Pam Morris 1991 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1991 978-0-333-48708-2
More informationCalculating the Human
Calculating the Human This page intentionally left blank Calculating the Human Universal Calculability in the Age of Quality Assurance Luigi Doria CNRS at Centre Maurice Halbwachs (CNRS EHESS ENS), Paris,
More informationNarrative Dimensions of Philosophy
Narrative Dimensions of Philosophy This page intentionally left blank Narrative Dimensions of Philosophy A Semiotic Exploration in the Work of Merleau-Ponty, Kierkegaard and Austin Sky Marsen Victoria
More informationRESTORATION AND 18th-CENTURY PROSE AND POETRY
GREAT WRITERS STUDENT LIBRARY RESTORATION AND 18th-CENTURY PROSE AND POETRY EXCLUDING DRAMA AND THE NOVEL GREAT WRITERS STUDENT LIBRARY I. The Beginnings to 1558 2. The Renaissance Excluding Drama 3. Renaissance
More informationTESTING METHODS AND RELIABILITY -POWER
TESTING METHODS AND RELIABILITY -POWER By the same author Testing Methods and Reliability - Electronics Macmillan Basis Books in Electronics Electrical Circuits and Systems Noel M. Morris Digital Electronic
More informationMyths about doing business in China
Myths about doing business in China This new edition builds on the strengths of the first. The statistics have been updated, and there is some more discussion in certain areas that readers have recommended.
More informationAlso by Anthony B. Dawson INDIRECTIONS: SHAKESPEARE AND THE ART OF ILLUSION
WATCHING SHAKESPEARE Also by Anthony B. Dawson INDIRECTIONS: SHAKESPEARE AND THE ART OF ILLUSION Watching Shakespeare A Playgoers' Guide ANTHONY B. DAWSON Associate Professor of English and Drama University
More informationTelevision Principles and Practice
Television Principles and Practice J. S. Zarach Senior Lecturer. North Staffordshire Polytechnic Noel M. Morris Principal Lecturer. North Staffordshire Polytechnic M J. S. Zarach and Noel M. Morris 1979
More informationINTUITION IN SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICS
INTUITION IN SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICS MATHEMATICS EDUCATION LIBRARY Managing Editor A. J. Bishop, Cambridge, U.K. Editorial Board H. Bauersfeld, Bielefeld, Germany H. Freudenthal, Utrecht, Holland J. Kilpatnck,
More informationTHE CRITICS DEBATE. General Editor Michael Scott
THE CRITICS DEBATE General Editor Michael Scott The Critics Debate General Editor Michael Scott Published titles: Sons and Lovers Geoffrey Harvey Bleak House] eremy Hawthorn The Canterbury Tales Alcuin
More informationPostmodern Narrative Theory
Postmodern Narrative Theory transitions General Editor: Julian Wolfreys Published Titles NEW HISTORICISM AND CULTURAL MATERIALISM John Brannigan POSTMODERN NARRATIVE THEORY Mark Currie DECONSTRUCTION DERRIDA
More informationWilliams Prelims.qxd 10/17/02 10:45 AM Page i. Making Sense of Social Research
Williams Prelims.qxd 10/17/02 10:45 AM Page i Making Sense of Social Research Williams Prelims.qxd 10/17/02 10:45 AM Page ii Williams Prelims.qxd 10/17/02 10:46 AM Page iii Making Sense of Social Research
More informationThe Devil Makes Work: Leisure in Capitalist Britain
The Devil Makes Work: Leisure in Capitalist Britain Titles in the Crisis Points series Published The Devil Makes Work: Leisure in Capitalist Britain John Clarke and Chas Critcher Schooling the Smash Street
More informationBritain, Europe and National Identity
Britain, Europe and National Identity This page intentionally left blank Britain, Europe and National Identity Self and Other in International Relations Justin Gibbins Assistant Professor, College of Sustainability
More informationIS THERE A FUTURE FOR MARXISM?
IS THERE A FUTURE FOR MARXISM? By the same author ALTHUSSER'S MARXISM SOUTHERN AFRICA AFTER SOWETO (with john Rogers) MARXISM AND PHILOSOPHY THE REVOLUTIONARY IDEAS OF KARL MARX IS THERE A FUTURE FOR MARXISM?
More informationIntellectuals and Politics in Post-War France
Intellectuals and Politics in Post-War France French Politics, Society and Culture Series General Editor: Robert Elgie, Senior Lecturer in European Politics, The University of Nottingham France always
More informationThe Hegel Marx Connection
The Hegel Marx Connection Also by Tony Burns NATURAL LAW AND POLITICAL IDEOLOGY IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF HEGEL Also by Ian Fraser HEGEL AND MARX: The Concept of Need The Hegel Marx Connection Edited by Tony
More informationRESEARCH DEGREE POLICY DOCUMENTS. Research Degrees: Submission, Presentation, Consultation and Borrowing of Theses
RESEARCH DEGREE POLICY DOCUMENTS Section 3 Research Degrees: Submission, Presentation, Consultation and Borrowing of Theses Preamble You should seek advice from your supervisor(s) and your School / Institute
More informationNOT-FOR-PROFIT ORGANISATION MEMBERSHIP
NOT-FOR-PROFIT ORGANISATION MEMBERSHIP MEMBERSHIP OF THE DPP AS A NOT- FOR- PROFIT ORGANISATION MEANS YOU HAVE THE OPPORTUNITY TO ENGAGE WITH THE DPP ON ANY AREAS OF WORK RELEVANT TO YOUR ORGANISATION
More informationEDITH WHARTON: TRAVELLER IN THE LAND OF LETTERS
EDITH WHARTON: TRAVELLER IN THE LAND OF LETTERS Edith Wharton Traveller in the Land of Letters Janet Beer Goodwyn Palgrave Macmillan ISBN 978-0-333-62327-5 ISBN 978-1-349-24006-7 (ebook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-24006-7
More informationCorpus Approaches to Critical Metaphor Analysis
Corpus Approaches to Critical Metaphor Analysis Corpus Approaches to Critical Metaphor Analysis Jonathan Charteris-Black Jonathan Charteris-Black, 2004 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2004
More informationANALYSING TEXTS General Editor: Nicholas Marsh Published
Marlowe: The Plays ANALYSING TEXTS General Editor: Nicholas Marsh Published Chaucer: The Canterbury Tales Gail Ashton Webster: The Tragedies Kate Aughterson Shakespeare: The Comedies R. P. Draper Charlotte
More informationThe Letter in Flora Tristan s Politics,
The Letter in Flora Tristan s Politics, 1835 1844 This page intentionally left blank The Letter in Flora Tristan s Politics, 1835 1844 Máire Fedelma Cross Máire Fedelma Cross 2004 Softcover reprint of
More informationThe. Craft of. Editing
The Craft of Editing Springer Science+ Business Media, LLC The Craft of Editing A Guide for Managers, Scientists, and Engineers Michael Alley. ~. T Springer Michael Alley College of Engineering VIrginia
More informationKARL MARX AND THE INTELLECTUAL ORIGINS OF DIALECTICAL MATERIALISM
KARL MARX AND THE INTELLECTUAL ORIGINS OF DIALECTICAL MATERIALISM Also byjames D. White THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION 1917-21: A Short History Karl Marx and the Intellectual Origins of Dialectical Materialism
More information'if it was so, it might be; and if it were so, it would be: but as it isn't, it ain't. That's logic'
Basic Digital Electronics 'Contrariwise,' continued Tweedledee, 'if it was so, it might be; and if it were so, it would be: but as it isn't, it ain't. That's logic' (Carroll: Alice Through the Looking
More informationPopular Culture in England, c
Popular Culture in England, c. 1500-1850 THEMES IN FOCUS Published Jonathan Barry and Christopher Brooks (editors) THE MIDDUNG SORT OF PEOPLE Culture, Society and Politics in England, 1550-1800 Tim Harris
More informationCambridge University Press Leviathan: Revised Student Edition Thomas Hobbes Frontmatter More information
University Printing House, CambridgeiCB2i8BS,iUnited Kingdom Cambridge University Press is part of the University of Cambridge. It furthers the University s mission by disseminating knowledge in the pursuit
More informationThe Discourse of Peer Review
The Discourse of Peer Review Brian Paltridge The Discourse of Peer Review Reviewing Submissions to Academic Journals Brian Paltridge Sydney School of Education & Social Work University of Sydney Sydney,
More informationUnderstanding International Relations
Understanding International Relations ALSO BY CHRIS BROWN International Relations Theory: New Normative Approaches Political Restructuring in Europe: Ethical Perspectives (ed.) Understanding International
More informationIntroduction to The Handbook of Economic Methodology
Marquette University e-publications@marquette Economics Faculty Research and Publications Economics, Department of 1-1-1998 Introduction to The Handbook of Economic Methodology John B. Davis Marquette
More informationGEORGE ELIOT AND ITALY
GEORGE ELIOT AND ITALY George Eliot and Italy Literary, Cultural and Political Influences from Dante to the Risorgimento Andrew Thompson University of Genoa, Italy First published in Great Britain 1998
More informationBIOGRAPHY Fiction, Fact and Form
BIOGRAPHY Fiction, Fact and Form By the same author VICTORIAN ARTISTS AND THE CITY (co-editor) JEWISH WRITERS OF NORTH AMERICA VICTORIAN NOVELISTS BEFORE 1885; VICTORIAN NOVELISTS AFTER 1885 (co-editor)
More informationOf Cigarettes, High Heels, and Other Interesting Things
Of Cigarettes, High Heels, and Other Interesting Things Of Cigarettes, High Heels, and Other Interesting Things An Introduction to Semiotics Second Edition Marcel Danesi OF CIGARETTES, HIGH HEELS, AND
More informationThe Concept of Nature
The Concept of Nature The Concept of Nature The Tarner Lectures Delivered in Trinity College B alfred north whitehead University Printing House, Cambridge CB2 8BS, United Kingdom Cambridge University
More informationThe New European Left
The New European Left This page intentionally left blank The New European Left A Socialism for the Twenty-First Century? By Kate Hudson Visiting Research Fellow, Department of Social Sciences, London South
More informationTHE REVOLUTIONS OF 1848
THE REVOLUTIONS OF 1848 Studies in European History General Editor: Richard Overy Editorial Consultants: John Breuilly Roy Porter PUBLISHED TITLES T. C.W. Blanning The French Revolution: Aristocrats versus
More informationThe Anthropology of Cultural Performance
The Anthropology of Cultural Performance This page intentionally left blank The Anthropology of Cultural Performance J. Lowell Lewis the anthropology of cultural performance Copyright J. Lowell Lewis,
More informationThe Rhetoric of Religious Cults
The Rhetoric of Religious Cults This page intentionally left blank The Rhetoric of Religious Cults Terms of Use and Abuse Annabelle Mooney Centre for Language and Communication Research Cardiff University,
More informationLiterature and Politics in the 1620s
Literature and Politics in the 1620s Also by Paul Salzman READING EARLY MODERN WOMEN S WRITING (2006) LITERARY CULTURE IN JACOBEAN ENGLAND: READING 1621 (2002) Literature and Politics in the 1620s Whisper
More informationA HISTORY OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE
A HISTORY OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE Also by N. F. Blake from the publishers AN INTRODUCTION TO ENGLISH LANGUAGE (with Jean Moorhead) AN INTRODUCTION TO THE LANGUAGE OF LITERATURE THE LANGUAGE OF SHAKESPEARE
More informationMemory in Literature
Memory in Literature This page intentionally left blank Memory in Literature From Rousseau to Neuroscience Suzanne Nalbantian Suzanne Nalbantian 2003 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2003
More informationThis page intentionally left blank
Metaphor Networks This page intentionally left blank Metaphor Networks The Comparative Evolution of Figurative Language Richard Trim Université de Provence Richard Trim 2007 Softcover reprint of the hardcover
More informationTowards a Poetics of Literary Biography
Towards a Poetics of Literary Biography Also by Michael Benton TEACHING LITERATURE 9 14 (co-author with Geoff Fox) SECONDARY WORLDS: Literature Teaching and the Visual Arts STUDIES IN THE SPECTATOR ROLE:
More informationWITCHCRAFT AND MAGIC IN SIXTEENTH- AND SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY EUROPE
WITCHCRAFT AND MAGIC IN SIXTEENTH- AND SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY EUROPE Studies in European History General Editor: Richard Overy Editorial Consultants: John Breuilly Roy Porter Published Titles Jeremy Black
More informationTHE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION AND THE ORIGINS OF MODERN SCIENCE
THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION AND THE ORIGINS OF MODERN SCIENCE Studies in European History General Editor: Richard Overy Editorial Consultants: John Breuilly Roy Porter Published Titles Jeremy Black A Military
More informationHigher Education Research Data Collection (HERDC): Publications issues paper
Higher Education Research Data Collection (HERDC): Publications issues paper February 2013 Contents Higher Education Research Data Collection (HERDC):... 1 Purpose... 3 Setting the scene... 3 Consultative
More informationTHE SHORT STORIES OF THOMAS HARDY
THE SHORT STORIES OF THOMAS HARDY THE SHORT STORIES OF THOMAS HARDY Tales of Past and Present Kristin Brady M MACMILLAN PRESS LONDON Kristin Brady 1982 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1982
More informationAnimal Dispersal. Small mammals as a model. WILLIAM Z. LIDICKER, JR Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, USA
Animal Dispersal Animal Dispersal Small mammals as a model Edited by NILS CHR. STENSETH Department of Biology, University of Oslo, Norway and WILLIAM Z. LIDICKER, JR Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University
More informationCharlotte Brontë: The Novels
Charlotte Brontë: The Novels ANALYSING TEXTS General Editor: Nicholas Marsh Chaucer: The Canterbury Tales Gail Ashton Shakespeare: The Tragedies Nicholas Marsh Virginia Woolf: The Novels Nicholas Marsh
More informationSYNTHESE LIBRARY STUDIES IN EPISTEMOLOGY, LOGIC, METHODOLOGY, AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE. JAAKKO HINTIKKA, Boston University
NAMING THE RAINBOW SYNTHESE LIBRARY STUDIES IN EPISTEMOLOGY, LOGIC, METHODOLOGY, AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE Managing Editor: JAAKKO HINTIKKA, Boston University Editors: DIRK VAN DALEN, University of Utrecht,
More informationResearch Output Policy 2015 and DHET Communication: A Summary
Research Output Policy 2015 and DHET Communication: A Summary The DHET s Research Outputs Policy of 2015, published in the Government Gazette on 11 March 2015 has replaced the Policy for the Measurement
More informationTHE 1830 REVOLUTION IN FRANCE
THE 1830 REVOLUTION IN FRANCE Also by Pamela M. Pilbeam and published by Palgrave Macmillan THE MIDDLE CLASSES IN EUROPE, 1789-1914: France, Germany, Italy and Russia The 1830 Revolution in France Pamela
More informationThese are some notes to give you some idea of the content of the lecture they are not exhaustive, nor always accurate! So read the referenced work.
Research Methods II: Lecture notes These are some notes to give you some idea of the content of the lecture they are not exhaustive, nor always accurate! So read the referenced work. Consider the approaches
More informationDefining the profession: placing plain language in the field of communication.
Defining the profession: placing plain language in the field of communication. Dr Neil James Clarity conference, November 2008. 1. A confusing array We ve already heard a lot during the conference about
More informationHOW TO STUDY LITERATURE General Editors: John Peck and Martin Coyle HOW TO STUDY A CHARLES DICKENS NOVEL
HOW TO STUDY LITERATURE General Editors: John Peck and Martin Coyle HOW TO STUDY A CHARLES DICKENS NOVEL How to Study Series editors: John Peck and Martin Coyle IN THE SAME SERIES How to Begin Studying
More informationT h e P o s t c o l o n i a l a n d Imperial Experience in American Transcendentalism
T h e P o s t c o l o n i a l a n d Imperial Experience in American Transcendentalism The Postcolonial and Imperial Experience in American Tr a nscenden ta l ism Marek Paryz THE POSTCOLONIAL AND IMPERIAL
More informationSURVEYING (VOLUME II)
SURVEYING (VOLUME II) SURVEYING (VOLUME II) By Dr. Formerly, Professor and Head, Deptt. of Civil Engineering, & Dean, Faculty of Engineering M.B.M. Engineering College, Jodhpur Er. ASHOK KUMAR JAIN Director,
More informationBy the same author. Fleet Street: The End or a New Beginning? Mass Media in the UK
BEYOND THE BBC By the same author Fleet Street: The End or a New Beginning? Mass Media in the UK BEYOND THE BBC Broadcasters and the Public in the 1980s Tim Madge M MACMILLAN Tim Madge 1989 All rights
More information8/28/2008. An instance of great change or alteration in affairs or in some particular thing. (1450)
1 The action or fact, on the part of celestial bodies, of moving round in an orbit (1390) An instance of great change or alteration in affairs or in some particular thing. (1450) The return or recurrence
More information