9/16/11. Roslan Abd Shukor School of Applied Physics Universi= Kebangsaan Malaysia

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1 Roslan Abd Shukor School of Applied Physics Universi= Kebangsaan Malaysia 1

2 Involvement in Journal Editorial Editor- in- Chief, Sains Malaysiana (2006 ) ISI Thomson Reuters (Science Cita=on Index Expanded/SciSearch, Journal Cita=on Reports/Science Edi=on), SCOPUS, Chemical Abstracts, ZentralblaU MATH & Zoological Records. Advisory Board Member, Superconductor Science & Technology(Inst. of Physics Publishing, UK) Impact Factor for 2007: Editor, ISESCO J. of Sci. and Technol. Vision (OIC, Morocco, ) Editor, Jurnal Fizik Malaysia (2008 ) Editor, J. Solid State Sci. Technol MASS Malaysia (2002- ) Editorial Member, Asia Pacific Physical SocieEes BulleEn, Referee for - Applied Physics LeHers, Impact Factor (American Ins=tute of Physics), Superconductor Science & Technology, Impact Factor (IOPP, UK), Physica C, Impact Factor (Elsevier), Indian J. Pure & Applied Phys., Impact Factor 0.340, Materials Forum, Impact Factor 0.540(Trans. Tech. Switzerland) Journal plays an important role in the research and academic world Publishing papers in journals is one of the important components in evaluating the performance of a researcher The ability to write proficiently is an important asset for a researcher 2

3 Academic Wri=ng Journal Proceeding Books Chapters in Book Transla=on Popular Wri=ng etc. Grant Proposal Recommenda=on LeUer Peer Review Curriculum Vitae 3

4 Types of Journal Writing Articles (Original research) Review Special Edition - Proceedings Letter to the editor Comments Research Notes Errata Book Review Author s Responsibility Submit original work carried out honestly according to scientific standards Should not have been obtained fraudulently or dishonestly, fabricated, falsified When writing should present a concise and accurate account how the work was carried out Should have enough detail for other to repeat the work Data should be accurately reported and never fudged. Problematic data should not be left out so as to provide a clear story Originality should not be claimed if others have reported similar work Information obtained privately should not be used without the explicit permission from the individual -Irene Hames, Peer Review and 4

5 Worldwide there 50,000 journals ISI (Institute for Sci. Information, Philadelphia, USA) - Impact Factor journal and proceedings SCOPUS (The Netherlands) - Times Higher Supplement University Ranking (since 2007) - 22,000 journal and proceedings Other index: INSPEC, Chemical Abstracts, Zentralblatt Math, Biosis, Medline, Education Abstracts, Psychology Abstracts, Metal Abstracts, etc. 5

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8 Isiknowledge.com 8

9 Impact Factor (IF) - issued by ISI Thomson Reuters Impact factor for 2010 was announced in mid 2011 Isiknowledge.com 9

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16 Myths About Writing I need a window with an inspirational view (lake, beach etc.) to write I only write when I am in the mood I need a complete plot of the paper/ story before I begin writing 16

17 Whom do you write to? Stephen King - writes to his wife, a good critique Before Writing Contribution -identify the important contribution that you want to convey Latest Development in the field -this will help you to write a paper that is relevant to the current interest 17

18 Reading read as many articles as you can in your related field not everything that you read will be included in the manuscript If you don t have the time to read, you don t have the time or tools to write -Stephen King 18

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20 From Log- Book to Manuscript 39 Writing of Manuscript 20

21 PARTS OF A MANUSCRIPT Title and Abstract include corresp. address (separate page) Body Introduction, Methods, Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgements Reference list List of Tables & Figure Captions (separate page) Tables (each on a separate page without details) Figures (each on a separate page without caption) Note: Number the page Title Must be as brief as possible and reflects the content of the paper words are searchable Can be decided before or after the manuscript has been written A title is not a sentence -No period after the title -Use of a colon : is OK -Avoid beginning the title with The, A or An - Avoid is, are, was and were 21

22 Abstract The abstract contains the important result or discovery. Mention the meaning and significance of the work. Detail information are to be described in the text. Don t say things like The significance of the findings are discussed in the paper Give number, equations. Eg % of the samples were No references should be cited in the abstract Refer to the Author s Guide in regards to the number of words for the abstract especially for Letters. M.X. Zhou, 2008 hup://asia.elsevier.com/authorworkshop08/putrajaya 22

23 (Before) Lead in PM 10 and in indoor dust around schools and kindergartens in Selangor, Malaysia Abstract A study of possible exposure of indoor lead to school and kindergarten children have been conducted around Kajang and Bandar BaruBangi, Malaysia. Low volume sampler (LVS) was used for collec=ng suspended par=culate which have diameter size below than 10 micrometer (PM 10 ) at outside and inside the school building. As for dust, in indoor environment small brush and Kim wipes (for dust that s=ck on the wall) have been used to collect samples. Lead in par=cular samples have been determined by using atomic absorp=on spectrophotometer with graphite furnace aier samples extrac=on. The result showed that the concentra=on of lead in PM 10 in indoor environment was found higher at school compared to kindergarten and have correla=on with lead in PM 10 from outdoor. Motor vehicles are expected as main contributor of lead in PM 10 at school. Lead was also found higher in indoor dust around school environment suggested that indoor sources are capable to generate lead in indoor environment. Comparison from several other studies showed the concentra=on of lead in PM10 and dust from indoor environment at study areas can be considered at moderate level. (Aier) Abstract A study of possible exposure of school and kindergarten children to indoor lead has been conducted around the Klang Valley, Malaysia. For collec=ng suspended par=culates less than 10 micrometer in diameter (PM 10 ) outside and inside the school and kindergarten buildings, low volume sampler (LVS) was used. For collec=ng dust in indoor environment, small brush and Kimwipes were used. Lead in PM 10 and in dust was determined using atomic absorp=on spectrophotometer with graphite furnace. Average of lead concentra=on in PM 10 in indoor environments was found to be higher in schools ( ± ngm - 3 ) than in kindergarten (6.97 ± 0.30 ngm - 3 ). In all indoor environments, levels of lead in PM 10 increase with increasing levels of lead in their associated outdoor environments sugges=ng that the local outdoor environments contribute to the indoor environments. Furthermore, high concentra=on of lead in indoor dust around school environments (ranged between ± 1.55 and ± 0.98 µgg - 1 ) compare to lead in indoor dust around kindergarten environments (ranged between 0.37 ± 0.01 and 2.74 ± 0.04 µgg - 1 ) suggested that indoor sources are also capable of genera=ng lead in indoor environments. Main Text (IMRAD) Scientific articles normally contain a number of sections as follows: Introduction - contains relevant previous studies and the objective of the current work Methods - describes the preparation methods and characterization techniques Results and Discussion - discusses the main results References - list only related references. Should be proportionate to the length of the paper 23

24 Can be 2 or 3 paragraphs: INTRODUCTION Background/perspective Brief Literature Review Logic Leading to the current work Statement of objectives Use present tense for established knowledge Try to cite recent articles from the journal that your wish to submit the manuscript Depending on style of the journal, your important results can also be included in the introduction to make the paper interesting. METHODS Describe the preparation methods and characterization techniques Be brief but don t leave like size volume, replication, any statistical technique Most tests are well known do not need description Some journals demand a certain type of statistical treatment author must follow the requirement exactly 24

25 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Results present your main results in simples sentences, use appropriate figures and tables. Number of figure and tables should not be excessive. Good use of Tables and Figures Use statistics wherever possible, but do not let them over take the paper Discussion What does you results mean and what are their implications. This is the most demanding section and require deep thoughts Relate to the objectives you put forward in the introduction Three parts of the Discussion: The facts that have been found Comments on the facts Theoretical implications of the facts Make comparisons with previous works Present the new science 25

26 Established knowledge - present tense e. g. of established knowledge results from literature/published papers Authors (our) results - past tense When referring to tables and figures in authors (our) paper present tense Conclusions Can be included in the last part of the discussion Normally no references Discuss broader context that address issues brought up in the introduction Specific suggestions for future works 26

27 Writing for Science & Engineering Mathematical variables - italic Chemical formula - non-italic Most journals (if not all) use SI unit MKS system Acknowledgements Include grants, people who helped Acknowledge the anon. referee if he made suggestions that greatly improved the work 27

28 Clear, Concise and Accurate Scientific manuscript should be clear, concise and accurate. It should jump right into the most important results Minimize the number of words. A long article does not necessarily reflects a good article Edit the manuscript just to reduce the number of words The conclusion must be based on facts and not assumptions. Use quantitative instead of qualitative words Give the limitations of your work, if any It will give credibility to your research paper 28

29 Figures in =ff, jpg, eps etc. format Use soiware such as Acrobat Professional to convert to the required format Figures, Tables and Flowchart clear and relevant to the results figures should be labeled properly with clear captions. Units and relevant information should be legible should not be too compressed to avoid confusion. Expand to several figures if necessary if there are numerous figures, choose the typical ones 29

30 Example: Figure PC Func=on generator external modula=on reference frequency Lock- in amplifier Laser Diode Driver Preamplifier Laser Diode lens sample sensor (OPC) Graphs, fitting of data points, modeling etc Excel Origin Sigma Plot Kaleidagraph etc. 30

31 Figures Figure (Graphs) 31

32 0.06 Van Hove Coupling Constant T c /K M.X. Zhou, 2008 hep://asia.elsevier.com/authorworkshop08/putrajaya 32

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34 Table Samples T c /K θ D /K λ BCS λ VH GdBaSrCu 3 O 7-δ GdBaSr(Cu 2.99 Zn 0.01 )O 7-δ GdBaSr(Cu 2.97 Zn 0.03 )O 7-δ GdBaSr(Cu 2.94 Zn 0.06 )O 7-δ GdBaSr(Cu 2.9 Zn 0.1 )O 7-δ NS DyBaSrCu 3 O 7-δ (Dy 0.9 Pr 0.1 )BaSrCu 3 O 7-δ (Dy 0.8 Pr 0.2 )BaSrCu 3 O 7-δ (Dy 0.6 Pr 0.4 )BaSrCu 3 O 7-δ (Dy 0.3 Pr 0.7 )BaSrCu 3 O 7-δ NS TlSr 2 (Ca 0.7 Y 0.3 )Cu 2 O 7-δ Text/Label jus=fy lei TlSr 2 (Ca 0.5 Y 0.5 )Cu 2 O 7-δ TlSr 2 (Sr 0.7 Y 0.3 )Cu 2 O 7-δ TlSr 2 (Sr 0.5 Y 0.5 )Cu 2 O 7-δ TlSr 2 (Ca 0.5 Pr 0.5 )Cu 2 O 7-δ Significant figures and decimal points are consistent Align the decimal point Jus=fy right Flowchart Process Decision Terminator 34

35 Structured Flowchart START Installation of AC susceptibility equipment Synthesis of new materials Good? No Yes Characterization Electrical, magnetic, structure, elastic modulus, Analysis of results and refining synthesis methods Development of mechanism and theory for superconductivity in the new compounds Communication of research results through publications in journals and conferences STOP Numbers Multiplication or division -significant figure Addition or subtraction decimal point 35

36 What to do with references all the articles that are listed at the end of the manuscript are referenced in the text name of authors, journal, volume number, page, number and other bibliographical data are correct. articles that are cited must be easily available to the readers. Sources that are not published should not be cited. follow the referencing format of the journal religiously Endnote Web / SCOPUS for easy referencing and formatting Get Help from Colleagues Before submitting your manuscript seeks assistance from your colleagues to improve and criticize it. Take all criticisms positively and improve the manuscript if appropriate 36

37 Editorial Services Example English grammar check Commercial Software 37

38 Before submitting the manuscript to the editor Take a look at the check list, for example - cover letter -copy right transfer form - the text are written according to the format of the journal - figures and tables are legible and appropriate - references are written according to the format of the journal 38

39 EndNote and EndNoteWeb Download program Isiknowledge.com EndNote and EndNoteWeb Download program Isiknowledge.com or hup://ezplib.ukm.my/login 39

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44 Tips for good writing The first sentence of each paragraph summarizes the entire paragraph One idea in one paragraph Write short sentence Sentence with 10 words is easy to read 20 words is difficult to read 30 words is very difficult to read Use short words Average 4-6 characters for each word in a sentence 44

45 A sentence should not begin with the following words (conjunc=on) there are excep=ons For And Nor But Or Yet So Permission to Reproduce Published Materials Use of figures, tables or a big part of a paragraph from other journal ar=cle, books, publica=ons - need to get permission There are 2 issues we need to address: 1- Ethical issue - cite the reference 2 - Legal issue - need to obtain permission from - the publisher (website, look for Permission ) - the author (use or write leuer) The author is responsible to get the permission and not the publisher 45

46 Example of a Manuscript The Published Paper 46

47 Cover LeUer Manuscript should be submitted to only one journal at a time Simultaneous/Multiple submission is unethical for journal submission However, book proposal can be sent to more than one publisher simultaneously 47

48 Evaluation of a Manuscript Role of Editor - Editors are committed to the image and quality of their journals. In some cases, the editor can act as a referee Role of the Referee The manuscript is then sent to one or more referees for evaluation depending on journal policy The referee are normally given an evaluation form Once the report from the referee is received, the editor will decide on the next course of action 48

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50 Editor s Decision Accept without modification Accept with minor modification Return to author for minor/major modifications Reject If a manuscript requires amendments, comments from the referee and editors must be taken seriously The amendments must be made in a timely fashion. It may be considered as a new submission if not returned in good time List all amendments with great detail on a separate sheet If you disagree with the referee, write a convincing rebuttal 50

51 The corrected manuscript may be sent back to the referee depending on the request of the referee If the manuscript requires minor corrections, the manuscript will not be sent to the referee Once the editor is satisfied with the amendments, the manuscript is accepted 51

52 Thank You 52