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14 ...., (, ), [, 2011: ].,..,,,,,, [, 2011: 312].,,,,....,..,,,,.,,,..,.,, 14

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16 .,..,,,, [, 1978: ].. [Newmark, 1988: 5].,..,.. : ,,,. 3.,,.. 4. [Newmark, 1988: 19].. (1980),. (1984),. (2003),.. (2004),,. -, ( ).. -,,.. [Reiss, Vermeer, 2014: 85 87].,, 16

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18 .,.,,,.., (translating), (translation),, [Bell, 1993: 45 69]. (translation),, : (translation as a product) (translation as a process).,.,.,,,.. ё,,,,,., [Lörscher, 1992: ].. ё,,, -..,,,.,, think aloud,,,,. 18

19 .,, ,,...., [, 2004: 249],, , [Vinay, 1958: 1;. :, 1999: 31],,,..., [, 1990: 246]..,.. [, 1973: 71 72]..., 19

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23 ,.,.. - [ -, 2012: 12 18].. [, 2003: 31 33]..,,,,.,,., [Robinson, 2012: ].,, -...,, [Baker, 1992: 5 6].,, ,,,.. [, 2011]...,.,... 23

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25 ) ) d) d) : III. IV III. - : ) b) ). ( ):,,,,,. [Newmark, 1988: 40 41]... : (achievement strategies) (reduction strategies). (spontaneous association), (situational search strategies), (reformulation) (problem analysis)., :,, 25

26 ,,.,,,. [Mondahl, Jensen, 1996]...,,.,,.,...,,,, [, 2009]...,,, ,., [, 1975: ]... ( ) (, ).. 26

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29 ,,.,, 52 [, 1963: 50]...,,....., [Gile, 2003: 50 63]...,,,. [Gile, 2003: 50 63]. 61,5%. 44% : -,,..,, [Gile, 2003: 50 63]..,.., 29

30 .,.., 31%,,., [Gile, 2003: 50 63]..,.,,,,., (. ).....,., ( ).,, - [, 2004: ]. -, 2, : ( ) ( ) [, 2004: ]. 3 :,,.,,.,,,. 30

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32 ,,,, - -,.,..,.., -.. :.,,., :,, [Bassnett, 2002: 114].. - ( ),....,, :

33 4. [, 2010: 29].,,,..., [, 2010: 29 33]...,,, [, 2010: 33 34].,,,.,, think aloud () ,,. [Ericsson, Simon, 1993: xvi].,,., [Ericsson, Simon, 1993: xvi]. 33

34 . (1988),. (1995),,,,. think aloud. :,.,.,,, [Kussmaul, 1995: 10 12]. think aloud,.., [Kussmaul, 1995: 10 12] ,. think aloud,. :,. c -., -.., [Krings, 1986: ].,,,,, 34

35 ,, [Krings, 1986: ]., (,, ),..,..,., :,,, [Kussmaul, 1995: 7 8].,,,,...,. ё 50,. 9, 50.,.., [Lörscher, 1986].. ё,,,.,., think aloud.,. 35

36 ,. ё, [Lörscher, 1992: ].,,.,,,.. - think aloud. 4 -, - [Jääskeläinen, Tirkkonen- Condit, 1991: 87 89].,.. -,.,,, [Jääskeläinen, Tirkkonen-Condit, 1991: 87 89]. : «,... Helsingin Sanomat,» [Jääskeläinen, Tirkkonen-Condit, 1991: 87 89].,,,., 36

37 ,... -.,, :, [Jääskeläinen, Tirkkonen-Condit, 1991: 90 96].,.,, NADPH (nicotineamide adenine dinucleolidc phosphate hybride),.,, [Jääskeläinen, Tirkkonen-Condit, 1991: 90 96]... -,,, [Jääskeläinen, Tirkkonen-Condit, 1991: 90 96].,., think aloud..,.,.,., [Bernardini, 2001: ]. 37

38 ,,,.,,, think aloud,. 2.,.. ;. [Bernardini, 2001: ]: 1. (, ) 2. (, ) (,, ) 5. (,, ) 6. (, ) (,. ).. /.. (, ) (,, ) (,, ) ( ) (, ),,,.., 38

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40 .,. [Kussmaul, 1995: 9].,,. ё.,,.,,,, [Lörscher, 1996: 30 31]. -,,,.,,, [Lörscher, 1996: 30 31]., -,,.. ё [Lörscher, 2005: ]. :,,,.,,., - 40

41 [Lörscher, 2005: ]... ё,.,.. -, -,,.. think aloud,,,,..., 25%,, [Krings, 2001]. A.. [Jakobsen, 2003: 69 95].,, think aloud, [Jakobsen, 2012: 70].,,,, think aloud,.,,, ( ), -.,..,,. 41

42 ,,.,,,,., think aloud :,,,.,, think aloud. 42

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44 ,,.,.,,,,.,,.,,.,. 44

45 ,,,,. 72 : 1-4, CAE CPE,,,. : ;,.,,.,.., (trustworthiness), : 1. (confirmability); 2. (dependability); 3. (credibility); 4. (transferability) [Guba, 1981: 81].,, (. ), 45

46 . [Li, 2004: 81]. -,.,.,, -,. -,,,.,.,,. :,,., (, ),,.,,., -, : «Economist» ( «Livescience» ( «Psychologytoday» ( «New Yorker» ( (NZIC

47 .,,..,, -.,,, ( ), ( ). : ( ) ( ),.,,.,,,. ( ). ( ). : ( ) ( ).,,.,,. 47

48 134, ,,. Some vegetative patients who show signs of hidden awareness have remarkably well preserved networks similar to healthy adults ,,..,, -.,,, ,, networks.,, (8.),,,.,, :,,,., ( ) ( 48

49 ) (, ).. vegetative , ( ),,, :,,,.,, ,.,,, :,,,,.,, -,., ( ),. hidden awareness ,

50 (10.),,,.,,,, networks similar to healthy adults:, ,,,. 1 ( ),. - : A baobab is something you will never, never be able to get rid of if you attend it too late ,,. 2,, :,,. 50

51 ,, (?), (. :. ( )). 12.,. :,,,,. -,,, :,,., ( ),, ,,,,. 5.,. :,, ( ).,,.,., :, -,. 51

52 6 25. never, never, :,,, ,. 3., :,,. (5 25, 3 ). 2 -,.,. That s all well and good; nothing inherently off-key about being aroused. Except for the fact that especially heightened arousal prior to making a decision tends to correlate with not-so-great decisions ,., 1... :,,. Э,., -. 52

53 ;,,., aroused/arousal, :,,. /., -.,,,.,,.,, :, ;.,,,. Э,., (..:. ),. 53

54 1.. : Х,..,, , ( 13 23, 4 ),, ( 5., ), -.. :,., ( ) (..: ),. Н ;,.,. 1., : ;,., - -..,,, :,.,,. 54

55 12 23., 1.,. That's here. That's home. That's us. On it everyone you love, everyone you know, everyone you ever heard of, every human being who ever was, lived out their lives , : Э. Э. Э.,,,, ( ) -,, -,. Э. Э. Э.,,, -, -, ,,, : В. В. В.,,, -, ( )... Э,,,,, - ( ), ( 8. ). 55

56 Э. Э. Э. Э,,,, -, -. Э. Э.. Н, ;, - ; ,, :.,,,, ,,.,,. В ( ). Э. Э., ( ),,, -., -,...,,,, -,, -,., ( ) : Э. Э. Э. В,,, -,, -., 1., human being ( ). 56

57 Э. Э. Э. Н,,,, -,, -, ( ). -,,, , 5.,.,..,.. : «,,.,., -.,.?»..,,. Specifically, when people are asked the fat-man question in a foreign language, they are more likely to kill him for the others sake.,,, fat-man question,,,. 57

58 ,,,.,,,., :,,,, ( ) ,.,,,., ( ) ( ).,,, , (..: ), fat-man question,,.,.,. ( ),, : 58

59 , ( ),.,,., , 1...,.,. When handsome men or beautiful women take up the work of the intellect, it impresses us because we know they could have chosen other paths to being impressive ,,.. ( ),,.,,. 3. : 59

60 ,,,,., impressive,,., :,,,,..,,, :,,, -,.,,,,. : Even though waste heat is used to co-generate electricity on site, this only amounts to about 12,5 % of total consumption, so large amounts of electricity are purchased ,,, , ( ) 12,5% ё 60

61 ё,.,, 12,5%.,., 12,5%,. :,, 12,5%, ( )..,, :,, 12,5%, ( ) -., ( ), 12,5%,. : I am not saying that the mind is in the body. I am saying that the body contributes more than life support and modulatory effects to the brain. 61

62 7 27.,, :,.,,,.,. ( ), -,. 1. :,,, mind.,., ё,., ( ).,, ( ). :,.... ( ),,,, 62

63 ,,,,.,..,.,,,.,.,. 2.3.,.,.,,. : ,, 1- (1 25.),,.., networks,, ( ). :,,.. hidden awareness,... 63

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65 , ( ), 7, 9. hidden awareness.,,., ( ). (10 25) 1.,,.,,,,..,, networks,, ( ),.,,,. (С ),, ( ),. 65

66 ,,,. - similar ( ),, , 3.,, , ( ). :,,.,,,. 3. :,,. :,, ( ),. : 66

67 , -,.,.,,, :,. never, never (1 ) ( ) ( ). 3., 1,, ,. :., 8 20 ( ). 2.,., ( ). ( ). ;.,. 4 : 67

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77 .,,.,,.,.. (, ),,.,,. 2.4.,.,,,. However, some comatose patients who were thought to be completely vegetative actually showed some patterns similar to those of healthy people. These were the patients who, despite being diagnosed as vegetative, had been suggested to have some level of awareness in previous brain imaging experiments. For example, although the patients did not perform any physical movements in response to commands, brain imaging showed that when they were told to imagine doing a physical activity, such as playing tennis, the area of the brain responsible for controlling movement, lit up. "Some vegetative patients who show signs of hidden awareness have remarkably well preserved networks similar to healthy adults," the researchers wrote..,

78 .,, 4 21 ( , )., 1, 2., 2.,. (..: ),,,,. (..:. ),,,.,, vegetative patients,., ,.,..,,, :,,,,. 78

79 .,, ,.,. :,,,.,,,,.,, , ,, hidden awareness ( , ):,,,., 2 (vegetative patients, hidden awareness),.. 79

80 , 3, 2, 1., networks. 1, ,.,..,., : (..:. ),,,. ( ) , 2. Now there were some terrible seeds on the planet that was the home of the little prince; and these were the seeds of the baobab. The soil of that planet was infested with them. A baobab is something you will never, never be able to get rid of if you attend to it too late. It spreads over the entire planet. It bores clear through it with its roots. And if the planet is too small, and the baobabs are too many, they split it in pieces...,. 80

81 ( , ).,,, 1.,, ,, ( , ). 2,.,, :,, , 1.., 1., :,,,.., 2 14.,,, :,., (. ), 81

82 (..).,,.,,, : -,,.. :,,., :,, ,, :,,. never, never (5 ) ( , ) ,, ( , ). 9., (3 1, 2 ) ,. Your eyes, as it turns out, are a barometer of your arousal. Yes, this can also mean any sort of arousal, but in this case it means the activation of your arousal system the combination of brain and nervous system components that regulate 82

83 our reactions to stimuli in the environment. While there are other physiological tells that show the arousal system is activated, the eyes are the most vibrant. That s all well and good; nothing inherently off-key about being aroused. Except for the fact that especially heightened arousal prior to making a decision tends to correlate with not-so-great decisions. When we are really aroused, our pupils enlarge, and what this study found is that the larger they get, the worse the decision ( , ),.. : Э,,,.,,. ( ).,. Э.,,,, ( ) :.,. 83

84 ,, ;.,, -,.,., : Э,, ;.,,,...,. 2, 1., : Н..,.,,,,. 1. 2, :,,,,,.,.., , 3. From this distant vantage point, the Earth might not seem of any particular 84

85 interest. But for us, it's different. Consider again that dot. That's here. That's home. That's us. On it everyone you love, everyone you know, everyone you ever heard of, every human being who ever was, lived out their lives. The aggregate of our joy and suffering, thousands of confident religions, ideologies, and economic doctrines, every hunter and forager, every hero and coward, every creator and destroyer of civilization, every king and peasant, every young couple in love, every mother and father, hopeful child, inventor and explorer, every teacher of morals, every corrupt politician, every "superstar," every "supreme leader," every saint and sinner in the history of our species lived there on a mote of dust suspended in a sunbeam.,, ( , ),,.,, ( ),., ,, 1, 2.. Э. Э.,,,,, -,....,,,,, -,. Э. Э. Э.,,, ( ) -,, -,. 85

86 7 17.,,,. Э. Э. Э. Н,,,, -. Н,..,,,,,, -,..,,, : ( )... Н.,,, -,, -,,. Э. Э. Э.,,,,, -..,, :. Э. Э.,,,,,,.,.,,,, -,, (3 ).,,,. Albert Costa and his colleagues interviewed 317 people, all of whom spoke 86

87 two languages mostly English plus one of Spanish, Korean or French. Half of each group were randomly assigned the dilemma in their native tongue. The other half answered the problem in their second language. Dr Costa of the Universitat Pompeu Fabra in Spain, and his colleagues, found that the language in which the dilemma is posed can alter how people answer. Specifically, when people are asked the fat-man question in a foreign language, they are more likely to kill him for the others sake.,,., (7 20 2, ).. 1.,,.,,,.,, *. (..:. «* fat-man question»)., 2,, ( ),.,.,,,, more likely,.,,,,, : 87

88 ,.,, (..: ). 2.,, (, ). 1.,,,.,,,.,,, ( ),,,., -.,,,., ( ),..,, :, ( , ) : 88

89 ,,, ( , ),,, :,,.,, , : Clever people are usually compensating for something, even if the wound that makes them draw the bow of art is no worse than an overlarge schnozz and sticking-out ears. The ugly man who thinks hard Socrates or Sartre is using his mind to make up for his face. When handsome men or beautiful women take up the work of the intellect, it impresses us because we know they could have chosen other paths to being impressive ( , ).,, : Н, ( ),,. 89

90 ,,,,. ( ),,,., :,,.,,,.,,, -,..,. : The major ancillary processes carried out by the ironworks involve the supply of raw materials, the processing of waste and the production of electricity. Even though waste heat is used to co-generate electricity on site, this only amounts to about 12,5 % of total consumption, so large amounts of electricity are purchased. Natural gas is also used as a minor energy source and this is brought to the site from the nearest gas field. 90

91 7 25. ( , ).,, :, 12,5%..,,, ( ), 12,5%,.. :,,,.,, 12,5%. Н - 12,5% ( ),. : The idea that mind derives from the entire organism as an ensemble may sound counterintuitive at first. What I am suggesting is that the mind arises from activity in neural circuits I am not saying that the mind is in the body. I am saying that the body contributes more than life support and modulatory effects to the brain. 91

92 5 25. ( , )..,,., (..: ),, ( ).,,,..,,,..,,,.,,..,,,,,.,,,. 92

93 2,,,., -.,.,,,..,,..,,,,,.., (, ),,,..,,,, 93

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96 .,,..,.,,.,,.,,,.,.,.,. 96

97 1. Baker M. In Other Words. A coursebook on translation. London, New York: Routledge, p. 2. Baker M. (ed.). Routledge encyclopedia of translation studies. London, New York: Routledge, p. 3. Bell R.T. Translation and Translating: Theory and Practice. 2 nd edition. London, New York: Longman, p. 4. Bassnett S. Translation studies. 3 rd edition. London, New York: Routledge, p. 5. Bernardini S. Think-aloud protocols in translation research. Achievements, limits, future prospects // Target :2. P Catford J. C. A linguistic theory of translation. London: Oxford University Press, p. 7. Ericsson K.A., Simon H. A. Protocol analysis: Verbal reports as data. 2 nd edition. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, Gile D. Justifying the deverbalization approach in the interpreting and translation classroom // Forum :2. P Jääskeläinen R., Tirkkonen-Condit S. Automatised processes in professional vs. non-professional translation: A think-aloud protocol study // Empirical research in translation and intercultural studies P Jakobsen A.L. Effects of think aloud on translation speed, revision, and segmentation // Triangulating Translation. Perspectives in Process Oriented Research / ed. by F. Alves. Amsterdam: Benjamins, P Jakobsen A.L. The development and current state of translation process research // The Known Unknowns of Translation Studies / ed. by by E. Brems, R. Meylaerts and L. van Doorslaer. Amsterdam: Benjamins, P

98 12. Holmes J. S. The name and the nature of translation studies // The translation studies reader / ed. by L. Venuti. London, New York: Routledge, P House J. Talking to oneself or thinking with others // Fremd sprachen Lehren und Lernen P Koller W. The concept of equivalence and the object of translation studies // Target :2. P Krings H. P. Translation problems and translation strategies of advanced German learners of French (L2) // Interlingual and intercultural communication P Krings H. P. Repairing texts: Empirical investigations of machine translation post-editing processes. Kent: Kent State University, p. 17. Kussmaul P. Training the translator. Amsterdam, Philadelphia: Benjamins, p. 18. Li D. Trustworthiness of think aloud protocols in the study of translation processes // International Journal of Applied Linguistics :3. P Lörscher W. Linguistic aspects of translation processes: Towards an analysis of translation performance // Interlingual and intercultural communication P Lörscher W. Investigating the translation process // Meta :3. P Lörscher W. A psycholinguistic analysis of translation processes // Meta :1. P Lörscher W. The Translation Process: Methods and Problems of its Investigation // Meta :2. P Mondahl M., Jensen K. Lexical search strategies in translation // Meta :1. P Newmark P. A textbook of translation. New York: Prentice hall, p. 98

99 25. Nida E.A. Contexts in Translating. Amsterdam, Philadelphia: Benjamins, p. 26. Nord C. Translation as a purposeful activity. Manchester: St. Jerome, p. 27. Reiss K., Vermeer H.J. Towards a general theory of translational action: Skopos theory explained. London, New York: Routledge, p. 28. Robinson D. Becoming a translator: An introduction to the theory and practice of translation. 3 rd edition. London, New York: Routledge, p. 29. Snell-Hornby M. Translation studies: An integrated approach. Amsterdam, Philadelphia: Benjamins, p. 30. Toury G. In search of a translation theory. Tel Aviv: The Porter Institute for Poetics and Semiotics, p. 31. Vinay J.P., Darbelnet J. Stylistique comparée de l anglais et du français. Paris, Montréal: Didier p // : ,.:, :..:, :?? // - XXIX. -.. : - - -, :.... : , // : -. -,

100 39... //. : : -, :, : : , :, :, ( ): :.., :.... : , :.... : , ,.. // : // ,.. :....:, ,.. //

101 51...? // C // // /.....:, ,.. -. :, ? // /.....:, :, : // : Mission Impossible? //. 19: // :, :,,..:, (.. ):.... : ,

102 102

103 . 1. Some vegetative patients who show signs of hidden awareness have remarkably well preserved networks similar to healthy adults. 2. That's here. That's home. That's us. On it everyone you love, everyone you know, everyone you ever heard of, every human being who ever was, lived out their lives. That s all well and good; nothing inherently off-key about being aroused. Except for the fact that especially heightened arousal prior to making a decision tends to correlate with not-so-great decisions. 4. A baobab is something you will never, never be able to get rid of if you attend to it too late. 5. Specifically, when people are asked the fat-man question in a foreign language, they are more likely to kill him for the others sake. 103

104 .,. 1. я я я Some vegetative patients who show signs of hidden awareness have remarkably well preserved networks similar to healthy adults. 2.,, я я That's here. That's home. That's us. On it everyone you love, everyone you know, everyone you ever heard of, every human being who ever was, lived out their lives 3. я я я я я я That s all well and good; nothing inherently off-key about being aroused. Except for the fact that especially heightened arousal prior to making a decision tends to correlate with not-so-great decisions. 4. я A baobab is something you will never, never be able to get rid of if you attend to it too late. 5. я : я, я, я я я Specifically, when people are asked the fat-man question in a foreign language, they are more likely to kill him for the others sake. 104

105 105

106 . 1. There were the patients who, despite being diagnosed as vegetative, had been suggested to have some level of awareness in previous brain imaging experiments. For example, although the patients did not perform any physical movements in response to commands, brain imaging showed that when they were told to imagine doing a physical activity, such as playing tennis, the area of the brain responsible for controlling movement, lit up. Some vegetative patients who show signs of hidden awareness have remarkably well preserved networks similar to healthy adults. 2. Now there were some terrible seeds on the planet; and these were the seeds of the baobab. The soil of that planet was infested with them. A baobab is something you will never, never be able to get rid of if you attend to it too late. It spreads over the entire planet. It bores clear through it with its roots. And if the planet is too small, and the baobabs are too many, they split it in pieces Your eyes are a barometer of your arousal. Yes, this can also mean any sort of arousal, but in this case it means the activation of your arousal system the combination of brain and nervous system components that regulate our reactions to stimuli in the environment. While there are other physiological tells that show the arousal system is activated, the eyes are the most vibrant. That s all well and good; nothing inherently off-key about being aroused. Except for the fact that especially heightened arousal prior to making a decision tends to correlate with not-so-great decisions. When we are really aroused, our pupils enlarge, and the larger they get, the worse the decision. 106

107 я 4. From this distant vantage point, the Earth might not seem of any particular interest. But for us, it's different. Consider again that dot. That's here. That's home. That's us. On it everyone you love, everyone you know, everyone you ever heard of, every human being who ever was, lived out their lives. The aggregate of our joy and suffering, thousands of confident religions, ideologies, and economic doctrines, every hunter and forager, every hero and coward, every creator and destroyer of civilization. 5. Albert Costa and his colleagues interviewed 317 people, all of whom spoke two languages mostly English plus one of Spanish, Korean or French. Half of each group were randomly assigned the dilemma in their native tongue. The other half answered the problem in their second language. Dr Costa of the Universitat Pompeu Fabra in Spain, and his colleagues, found that the language in which the dilemma is posed can alter how people answer. Specifically, when people are asked the fat-man question in a foreign language, they are more likely to kill him for the others sake. 107

108 . 1. When handsome men or beautiful women take up the work of the intellect, it impresses us because we know they could have chosen other paths to being impressive. 2. Even though waste heat is used to co-generate electricity on site, this only amounts to about 12,5 % of total consumption, so large amounts of electricity are purchased. 3. I am not saying that the mind is in the body. I am saying that the body contributes more than life support and modulatory effects to the brain. 108

109 .,. 1. я я When handsome men or beautiful women take up the work of the intellect, it impresses us because we know they could have chosen other paths to being impressive. 2. Even though waste heat is used to co-generate electricity on site, this only amounts to about 12,5 % of total consumption, so large amounts of electricity are purchased. 3. I am not saying that the mind is in the body. I am saying that the body contributes more than life support and modulatory effects to the brain. 109

110 . 1. Clever people are usually compensating for something, even if the wound that makes them draw the bow of art is no worse than an overlarge schnozz and sticking-out ears. The ugly man who thinks hard Socrates or Sartre is using his mind to make up for his face. When handsome men or beautiful women take up the work of the intellect, it impresses us because we know they could have chosen other paths to being impressive. 2. The major ancillary processes carried out by the ironworks involve the supply of raw materials, the processing of waste and the production of electricity. Even though waste heat is used to co-generate electricity on site, this only amounts to about 12,5 % of total consumption, so large amounts of electricity are purchased. Natural gas is also used as a minor energy source and this is brought to the site from the nearest gas field. 3. The idea that mind derives from the entire organism as an ensemble may sound counterintuitive at first. What I am suggesting is that the mind arises from activity in neural circuits I am not saying that the mind is in the body. I am saying that the body contributes more than life support and modulatory effects to the brain. 110

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