BIBLIOGRAPHY. Bassnett, Susan, 2002, Translation Studies. London: Routledge.

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1 ABSTRACT Riyan, Translation Assessment of Figure of Speech on Song Lyrics Falling in Love by J-Rocks and Adam and Eve by Nidji. A thesis: English Letters Department, Faculty of Adab and Humanities, State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, The research discuss about the assessment of translation song lyrics. The analysis is aimed to identify the figures of speech and the way to assess song lyrics translation uses descriptive qualitative method. The research discusses how the assessment of both source and target lyrics and the figures of speech findings by using assessment indicators theory. The research focused several figures of speech: Personification, Allegory, and Symbol. The writer uses sample from each stanza of the both lyrics. The indicators of the assessment remain: Nearly perfect translation, Excellent translation, Good translation, Quite good translation, Poor translation. i

2 BIBLIOGRAPHY Books: Bassnett, Susan, 2002, Translation Studies. London: Routledge. Carole, K.D and William D, 1998, How to Read and Interpret Poetry. New York: Macmillan. Catford, J.C, 1965, A Linguistic Theory of Translation. London: Oxford University Press. DiYanni, R, 1889, Literature: Approach to fiction, Poetry, and Drama. USA: New York University, p. 717 House, Juliane, 2009, Translation. New York: Oxford University Press, p. 13 Hood, Benny, 2006, Penerjemahan dan Kebudayaan. Jakarta: Pustaka Jaya. Koller, W, 2008, Introducing Translation Studies, in Jeremy Munday: Theories and Applications. London and New York: Routledge, p. 47 Machali, R, 2000, Pedoman Bagi Penerjemah. Jakarta: PT. Grasindo. M.L. Larson, 1984, Meaning-Based Translation; A Guide to Cross-Language Equivalence. USA: University Press of America, Inc. Newmark, Peter, 1988, A Textbook of Translation. London: Prantice Hall. 35

3 36 Newmark, P, 2006, in Benny Hood, Penerjemahan dan Kebudayaan. Jakarta: Pustaka Jaya. Nida, E.A. and Taber C, 1974, The Theory and Practice of Translation. Leiden: E. Jbril. Nida, E.A and Taber C, 1981, in Peter Newmark, Approoaches to Translation. Oxford: Pergamon Press, p. 128 Rifaterre, Michael, 1978, Semiotics in Poetry. London: Indiana University Press. Simatupang, M.D.S, 2000, Pengantar Teori Terjemahan. Jakarta: Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan, p. 131 Journals: Dublin, S.O, The journal of Specialized Translation: Towards a Dynamic Quality Evaluation Model for Translation. Vol 14, No. 3, Januari (2012). Jiang, Chengzi, Quality Assessment of the Translation Museum Text Journal: application of systemic functional model. Vol 18. No. 2 (2013), June 2, Supardi, M, 2010, Cultural Translation, English Language and Literature Journal. Vol 1. No. 2 (2008). Zaimar, O.K.Sumantri, Jurnal Sastra Humaniora: Majas dan Pembentukannya. Vol. 6, No. 2, December (2002).

4 37 Website: Hale, Martin: of speech November 03, 2009 p.01, Assessed on March 20, 2014 Dan, Claire: http//:/ensclopedia/poetry_analysis_review_ htm, Assessed on March 23, 2014 John, Graham: Assessed on February 11, 2014 Official J-Rocks: Assessed on January 10, 2014 Official Nidji: Assessed on January 10, 2014

5 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION A. Background of Research Language has dynamic characteristics based on the development epoch, and each language will move and elaborate as significant as their habitat trait. Based on Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, language is lambang bunyi (yang berartikulasi dan dihasilkan oleh alat ucap) bersifat sewenang-wenang dan melahirkan perasaan dan pikiran. 1 This definition explains that language as a arbitrary sign of voice to express a feeling or an idea. Furthermore, language uses as a tool of communication in daily activities. In social life, the functions of language keep developing and have been using for some activities, such as in education, religion, culture, or as entertainment. Language also has many functions, such as: 2 expressive function, informative function, vocative function, aesthetic function, phatic function, metalingual function. The language we used may perform either by formal or literary style; it depends on the situation and the respondent level. However, if the language placed in literary work, people might understand it in a figurative sense. 1 Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia. Ed 3, (Jakarta: Balai Pustaka, 2007), p Peter Newmark, A Textbook of Translation (London: Prentice Hall, 1988), p

6 2 The language in literary work dominated by figurative language which is related with someone feeling and emotion. Translating literary work is not the simple thing as translating scientific work. Literary work, such as poetry, song lyrics, drama, and so on can t be translated easily, because they demand to look over the context and other factors. As the other literary work, lyrics used figures of speech to express meaning in expressible in literal speech. Some of figures of speech, such as Metaphor, Personification, Hyperbole, Simile, etc are commonly used in lyrics. Every kind of figure of speech contains connotative meaning. Furthermore, by acknowledging these kinds of thing, the translator is expected to find the proper equivalent. Here, the equivalent means naturalness which can be reflected the same perception to the source language. In commonly sense, a result of translation should be natural and not sound foreign. As Barnwell defines naturalness is the use of the natural form of the target language. So that, the translation will effective and acceptable. 3 Lyrics is part of music that has been known as a kind of short poem that involves the expression of intense personal emotion. Translation on song lyrics could help people to understand a song, because sometimes the problem appears when readers can t comprehend the meaning of lyrics in the source language. 3 Katherine Barnwell, Introduction to Semantic and the translation (London: Summer Institude of Linguistics, 1984) p. 15

7 3 In order to make some reviews and evolves the result of the translation works, the assessment pure need to be applied. Otherwise, the translators are only stuck in one work which is lack of improvisation. In addition, the translator is expected to have cultural knowledge, because translation is not only about language but involved the culture as well. 4 Other than that, the assessment could motivate a translator to produce good quality translation result. In the research, the researcher is truly interesting to analyze the assessment of figures of speech of Falling in love song and Adam and Eve. The figures of speech can influence the aesthetic value in lyrics of a song; because normally people need enjoying the song because of the beautiful music played and the lyrics B. Focus of the Research Based on background of the study above, the researcher will focus on identifying some types of figures of speech Personification, Allegory, and Symbol. Then, the focus of the research will expose the way of doing the assessment from both song lyrics Falling in Love and Adam and Eve by comparing the original song and the translation. 4 M. Supardi, Cultural Translation, English Language and Literature Journal. Vol. 1 No. 2 (2008), Januari 6, 2010, p. 69

8 4 C. Research Question The problems that will be discussed are formulated through the questions: 1. What kinds of figures of speech in song lyrics translation Falling in love and Adam and Eve? 2. How is the assessment of the translations and figures of speech in both songs lyrics Falling in Love and Adam and Eve? D. Objective of the Research This research aims to find out: 1. The kinds of figures of speech in song lyrics translation Falling in love and Adam and Eve. 2. The way to give the assessment of the translations and figures of speech in both song lyrics Falling in Love and Adam and Eve. E. Significance of the Research Literary texts are interesting to be discussed because of figures of speech contain inside them, including song lyrics. Translations of these texts are rarely analyzed. In doing translation of song lyrics, the author is asked for looking the aesthetic side over; without leaving the message and the main intention of the source language.

9 5 Generally, the assessment of a translation literary text is needed to do because of the variety figurative language and also other factors, such the tone, rhyme, the characters, and so on. On the other hands, the aim of the assessment can build the ability and sense of a translator. So that, each translator is challenge to produces better translation literary text result. Furthermore, it can motivate the translators and gives input of new perception for candidate translators as well. F. Research Methodology 1. Collecting Data Data of both songs lyrics Falling in Love and Adam and Eve are taken from J-Rocks official website: and Nidji s official website: The researcher reads both of lyrics in order to do the assessment by using the indicators as the guidelines; identify the figures of speech and compare the source language text to the translation in assessing the lyrics. 2. Method of the Research The researcher used descriptive qualitative method in the research; its means all the analysis will be explained by giving clear description of each data. The Translation Assessment theory applied in the research is taken from Rochayah Machali s and Robert Diyanni s book in giving the assessment, identifying figures of speech, and deciding the judgment of the analysis result.

10 6 Both of the theories are more suitable for the research because they provide the indicators of translation assessment and give clear constrain of each translation. 3. Data Analysis The data will be analyzed by using qualitative method. The researcher reads both source lyrics and the translations; identifies and analyze figure of speech findings (personification, allegory, and symbol); gives the assessment from those findings using translation assessment theories; and decides the result of the assessment. 4. Unit of Analysis The unit analysis of the research as of both song lyrics Falling in Love from J-Rocks and Adam and Eve from Nidji and several figures of speech findings such Personification, Allegory, and Symbol. Both of the song made in Bahasa Indonesia at the first, and translated into English by J-Rocks and Nidji s team.

11 CHAPTER II THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK A. Translation 1. Definition of Translation The translation, according to Juliane House, is a kind of secondary communication with both a limiting and an enabling function. It can be defined as a process of replacing a text in one language by an equivalent text in another language. 1 While, Catford states that translation is the replacement of textual material in one language (source language) by equivalent textual materials in another language (target language). 2 Simply, translation is an activity to transform one language to the target language by keeping the message in the closest form. Whether some experts have their opinion in defining the translation meaning, still, the principle in translation that should be remembered is a work which recreate someone intention and written in other language. One of the competencies that should be possessed by the translator is language competence. Other competencies are textual competence, cultural competence, and transfer competence. p Juliane House, Translation, (New York: Oxford University Press, 2009), p J.C. Catford, A Linguistic Theory of Translation, (London: Oxford University Press, 1965), 7

12 8 A translation result can be considered as a successful works if the message, thought, ideas, and concepts that exist in the source language can be delivered into the target language as a whole, by a translator. This is certainly difficult to achieve because of differences in language and cultural systems of the source language and target language. Nida and Taber said that translating should reach the closest natural equivalence from the source language to the target language, firstly in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style. 3 Related with the equivalences in literary work, Koller explains that formal equivalence is an equivalence which concern to the terms of the form and the aesthetic value of the text includes wordplays and the individual stylistic features of the source text. 4 So, it suits for any kind of literary work, such as song lyrics. Here the translation results become success if people in the target language have the same respond as the source language. In addition, as a means of communication, the translation should be accurate, clear, and natural. So that it s not sound foreign. 5 3 Nida and taber, in Peter Newmark, Approoaches to Translation, (Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1981), p Koller, in Jeremy Munday, Introducing Translation Studies: Theories and Applications, (London and New York: Routledge, 2008), p Katherine Barnwell, Introduction to Semantics and Translation, (London: Summer Institute of Linguistics, 1984), p.15

13 9 B. Translation Assessment 1. The Theory of Translation Assessment The quality assessment of a translation is something very crucial, and it needs deeper attention in the application. 6 The assessment can be differentiates into two types, that are general assessment and special assessment. 7 General assessment focuses on the concept of semantics and communicative translation method. Meanwhile, special assessment related with certain texts, such as verdict or government letter which have some specific expressions, or literature text, which the expressions have expressive characteristic. 8 As one of literary text, of course, assessing the song lyrics can be something challenging because of the aesthetic and expression style are unique. Basically, the assessment of the translation is relative, as Newmark suggests there are four methods to do the translation assessment based on the character: 9 a) Translation as a science, b) Translation as a craft, c) Translation as an art, d) Translation as a taste. 6 Dublin, S.O, The Journal of specialized Translation: Towards a Dynamic Quality Evaluation Model for Translation. Vol 14, No. 3, January (2012) 7 Rochayah Machali, Pedoman bagi Penerjemah, (Jakarta: PT. Grasindo, 2000), p Ibid 9 Newmark, P, in Benny H, Hoed, Penerjemahan dan kebudayaan, (Jakarta: Pustaka Jaya, 2006)

14 10 The translation as a science means the assessment is taking from language analysis only, which the result can be seen and judged as rational, or and correct-incorrect by the language and the grammatical context. Meanwhile, the translation as a craft viewed as the effort to accommodate language use in order to get the proper equivalent in the target language. Both of these types commonly found in scientific text, such as education books, verdict letter, official text, and so on. Besides those, the translation also as an art could be explains as the Creating in translation, not only doing language shift, which is familiar with literature text or poetic and based on personal or social style. The last, the translation as a taste is more personal, which is the translation is a result of personal or individual consideration feelings. 2. The Foundation in Giving the Assessment According to Jiang, there is no exact standard to measure or judge the quality of a translation. 10 The reason is each of text has their following function. Besides that, the success of translating the text is depends on the equivalent word or phrase chosen in the target language. However, the word equivalence is almost debating by the experts in translating a literature work. People were often debating this issue only as a demand of similarity. 10 Chengzi Jiang, Quality Assessment of the Translatioon Museum Text Journal: application of systemic functional model. Vol 18, No. 2 (2013), June 2, 2010

15 11 Yet, recently the equivalence in translation is something related about function and definite method of the text. As we discussed that translation assessment is still relative especially in judging whether the translation is correct or incorrect. But before the assessment applies, the additional explanations could be used as the indicators of the assessment. Here are the indicators: 1. Nearly perfect translation: Natural style; almost seems as the original or the source; equivalence in word or phrase, no mistake or deviation in grammatical, spelling, and terminology terms use. 2. Excellent translation: No meaning distortion; no clumsy or awkward literal translating; almost equivalence in transform word or phrase, no deviation in using terminology terms; found one or two mistakes in spelling. 3. Good translation: No meaning distortion; found little mistake in literal translating of the whole text; still have lack of equivalences, also found mistake in grammatical and wrong idiom in small number of the whole text; found one or two terminology used which not standard. 4. Quite good translation: Feel clumsy; found some awkward literal translating, but at least a quarter of the whole text, many word or phrase not equivalence, found wrong idiom and or grammatical in small number; found one or two awkward and or unclearly terminology terms use.

16 12 5. Poor translation: Very clumsy; so many awkward literal translating; almost not equivalence, found meaning distortion and wrong terminology use almost a half of the whole text. By using those indicators, it can help the translator to do the assessment of the translation, because it becomes clear to decide the quality of the translation. The assessment also can be classified in a continuum which revolves on rational area and taste area. As we know that there are four methods in giving the assessment of the translation. The continuum will guide the translator whether the translation grouped in rational, or taste area. In this research, the object is song lyrics, which is one of literature work. It could be conclude that the assessment will focus on taste are, either the translation of these song lyrics as an art, or as a taste. Let s see the continuum scheme below:

17 13 3. Translation Assessment of Figures of Speech Some of the texts, such as song lyrics and other literary works, the form and meaning are related each other. It means that the meaning covered the form itself. Here, finding the accuracy is usually difficult especially for these kinds of the translations. 11 Some experts argue translating literary work is something about creating new literary work in the target language based on the original text. Then, for the assessment of the literary works translation, always followed by the statement either good translation or bad translation as the result of the assessment. The criteria can be explained as: a). good translation: dynamic suitability the form still remain the same which keep the meaning sense consistently. b). bad translation: the same form the main sense lost or changed because no changing on the sentences form alteration. In addition, the method should be right, so the efficiency of the translation that has made goes to the right reader or target; and the assessment is much needed for all the translators to have any input and critics. In exchange, the translation activity can be more elaborated along with science development and culture diversity as well. 11 Maurits D.S. Simatupang, Pengantar Teori Terjemahan, (Jakarta: Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan, 2000), p. 131

18 14 C. Figures of Speech 1. Definition of Figures of Speech The definition of figure of speech is a word or group of words used to give particular emphasis to an idea or sentiment. 12 The special emphasis is typically accomplished by the user s conscious deviation from the strict literal sense of word, of from the more commonly used from of word order or sentence construction. Its purpose is to strengthen styles of speech and composition and to reinforce the meaning so that the result is not awkward, but on the contrary emerge the artistic effect. 13 Other definition explains as a language diverse utilizing which purposed to get certain effects. The whole characteristic of figure of speech such as: the figurative language usage (poetics); expression of such opinions and feelings, either by oral or written exclusively. 14 In short, figures of speech are combinations of words whose meaning cannot be determined by examination of the meanings of the words that make it up. However, a figure of speech is more narrowly definable as a way of saying one thing and meaning another, and also need to be concerned with no more a dozen of speech November 03, 2009, p Suparman Natawidjaja, Apresiasi Stilistika (Jakarta: PT Intermasa, 1986), p Zaimar, O.K. Sumantri, Jurnal Sastra Humaniora: Majas dan pembentukannya. Vol. 6, No.2, December (2002)

19 15 2. Kinds of Figures of Speech A figure of speech is any way of saying something other than the ordinary way, and some rhetoricians have identified as many as 250 different figures. 15 There are four classifications of them as general, they are: Comparison, Allusion, Confirmation and Contradiction. However, among of them are very familiar in song lyrics, such as Personification, Allegory, and Symbol. a. Personification Personification is a figure of speech in which human attributes are given to an animal, an object, or a concept. It is really subtype of metaphor, an implied comparison in which the figurative term of the comparison is always a human being. In other comprehension, personification involves giving things the characteristics of people. 16 The characteristics could be as human s behaviors, feelings, and their attributes: When someone makes a mirror speak and think, it can be categorized that the person is personifying an object; When Angelina describes autumn as a harvester sitting careless on a granary floor, she is personifying a season. Personifications differ in degree to which they ask the reader actually to visualize the literal form. 15 Laurence Perrine and Thomas R. ARP, Sound and Sense: An introduction to Poetry, (Harcourt Brace College, 1991), p http//:/ensclopedia/poetry_analysis_review_ htm

20 16 b. Allegory According to Thomas E Porter, an allegory is a word or phrase or name that occurs in another text which carries with it the meaning and emotional freight which it has in the text. 17 Allegory is a form of extended metaphor, in which objects, persons, and actions in a narrative, are equated with the meanings that lie outside the narrative itself. 18 It can be comprehended as a form of narrative in which people, place, and happenings have hidden or symbolic meaning. 19 The name and event in allegory may be abstract but the purpose is always clear. The meaning of allegory should be drawn up to the surface in understanding it. Although the surface story or description may have its own interest, the author s major interest is the ulterior meaning. 20 Allegory differs from symbolism in establishing a strict system of correspondences between details of action and a pattern of meaning. It is usually difficult to interpret because the readers have to direct a theme beyond other theme. For example: You are covered with shinning. In that sentence, the speaker means that the person has charismatic aura and super confident. 17 James H Pickering and Jeffry D Hoeper, Concise Companion to Literature, (New York: Macmillian Publishing Co, Inc, 1981), p Robert DiYanni, Literature: Approach to fiction, Poetry, and Drama, (USA: New York University, 1889), p Lok Cit.,Laurence Perrine, 1991, p. 88

21 17 c. Symbol A symbol is any object, or action that represents something beyond itself. 21 Another definition states that symbolism a word or image signifies something too abstract or too complex to explain in the ordinary way. Typically, a symbol represents something that is difficult or impossible to define clearly. 22 An angel, for example, can represent a rescuer, or beauty, or something truly special. Another example about symbol that was in Robert Frost poem: Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, And sorry I could not travel both And be one traveler, log I stood And looked down one as far as I could To where it bent I the undergrowth; The poem The Road not Taken describes a choice made between two roads by a person out walking on the woods. He would like to explore one and then come back and explore other, but he knows that he will probably be unable to do so. 21 op cit., Robert DiYanni, 1889, p Carole Kiler Doreski and William Doreski, How to Read and Interpret Poetry. New York: Macmillan.,1988, p. 172

22 CHAPTER III RESEARCH FINDING A. Data Description The steps of the research finding would be followed as: Describing the songs background and providing the song lyrics at the first. Secondly, identifying and analyzing the figure of speech findings. The third, giving the assessment from those findings using the theory of translation assessment. Finally, deciding the result of the assessment. 1. Falling in Love and Adam and Eve Song Background Falling in love s song made into two languages and becomes part of J- Rocks third album in 2009, which named Road to Abbey. The video clip in this album is taken at Abbey Road legendary studios in London. J-Rocks is the first Indonesian band that makes album recording in that studios handled by Chris Butler, which ever used by several international famous singers and band, like The Beatles, Green Day, Muse, Oasis, Radiohead, Red Hot Chili Peppers, U2 and even Michael Jackson. The album success produces copies with Platinum certificate. Both of the songs very popular and dominate in pop genre, which chosen as the first chart of the best pop song in

23 19 Meanwhile, Adam and Eve song released at 2007, in South East Asia. Nidji made this song by adapting the original song, Kau dan Aku. The song was very popular and became the best single that Nidji s ever made. In short, all the arrangements of this song are similar. a. Song Lyrics and Translation (Falling in Love) Source Language (SL) 1 st Stanza: Kurasakan ku jatuh cinta Sejak pertama berjumpa Senyumanmu yang selalu Menghiasi hariku Target Language (TL) 1st Stanza: I think I'm in love for the first time And it's making my heart confused Tell me what exactly happened How I wonder it will be 2 nd Stanza: Kau ciptaannya yang terindah Yang menghanyutkan hatiku Semua telah terjadi Aku tak bisa berhenti memikirkanmu Dan ku harapkan engkau tau 2nd Stanza: You're touching my heart and my soul While your hands in my hands indeed Tell me what exactly happened Makes me feel I'm drowning too deep Seems weird for me I will never let this feeling cold 3 rd Stanza: Kau yang kuinginkan Meski tak ku ungkapkan Kau yang kubayangkan Yang slalu kuimpikan 3rd Stanza: If You were mine Sharing all ups and downs I'm gonna be around And forever it would be

24 20 4 th Stanza: Aku jatuh cinta. Tlah jatuh cinta Cinta kepadamu Ku jatuh cinta I m falling in love I m falling in love with you 4th Stanza: Cause I m falling in love I m falling in love Yes, I m falling in love. I m falling in love Yes, I m falling in love I m falling in love with you b. Song Lyrics and the Translation (Adam and Eve) Source Language (SL) 1 st Stanza: Jika Kau dan Aku Jalannya telah berbeda Haruskah kita berharap Langitkan beri jawaban Target Language (TL) 1st Stanza: Is it a time to talk Or is it a time to wait This is a time for one source By killing my own believe 2 nd Stanza: Walau hanya satu kata Penuh makna Pastikan Kita bisa Dengarkan suara hati 2nd Stanza: When love is all that I know Love is faithless You and I Were meant to be Wanting that I believe

25 21 3 rd Stanza: Kau dan aku selalu Untuk selamanya Kau dan aku selalu Untuk bersama 3rd Stanza: Can I believe you and I Will never be apart Can still believe you and I Till time will let us live 4 th Stanza: Cinta kita kita sama Walau rintangan melintas Satukan harapan demi kau dan aku Di masa depan ah ah 4th Stanza: When love is all that I know Although the answer lays in lie Don t deny and stay with me For all eternity And always will be B. Data Analysis 1. Figures of Speech Findings and Assessment a. Falling in Love The song tells about the feeling of a person who has been fallen in love; all the feelings are expressed enthusiastically. The assessment starts to identify the figures of speech findings of each line. The figures of speech remain are personification, allegory, and symbol. Those three figures of speech are very common appearing in the song lyrics. From those finding, the researcher do the assessment and classify them based on the indicators of the translation assessment.

26 22 Here are the figures of speech findings: Data I = Personification - SL : Menghiasi hariku (4 th line, 1 st stanza) - TL : How I wonder it will be (4 th line, 1 st Stanza) Data II = Allegory - SL : Kurasakan ku jatuh cinta (1 st line, 1 st stanza) - TL : I think I'm in love for the first time (1 st line, 1 st stanza) Data III = Symbol - SL : Yang menghanyutkan hatiku (2 nd line, 2 nd stanza) - TL : While your hands in my hands indeed (2 nd line, 2 nd stanza) From those figures of speech findings, personification and allegory in the source language are not translated with the same figures of speech in the target language. Meanwhile the symbol in the source language is translated with the symbol as well in the target language lyrics. Here are the explanations:

27 23 Personification The understanding of personification is giving any kind of human characteristics to dead thing; either it is an abstract thing or real thing. The characteristics such as: behavior, feeling, or attributes. Data I - SL : Menghiasi hariku (4 th line, 1 st stanza) - TL : How I wonder it will be (4 th line, 1 st Stanza) The lyrics in the source language classify into personification figure of speech from the word hias; it signs as human characteristics. This personification is not shifted into the same figure of speech. From the assessment of translation analysis using Rochayah Machali s theory, the translation lyrics above can be categorized as poor translation. The indicators of this categorization such as: many awkward literal translating and meaning distortion. It can be seen in translation lyrics of that personification figure of speech, the literal translation lyrics how I wonder it will be from the source lyrics menghiasi hariku changes awkwardness and contains meaning distortion because the message has delivered differently. The source lyrics explain the joyful day because of love; while the target language lyrics explain contrary which just describes the indistinctness feeling because of love sense.

28 24 Allegory Allegory is a word or phrase or name that occurs in another text which carries with it the meaning and emotional freight which it has in the text. Data II - SL : Kurasakan ku jatuh cinta (1 st line, 1 st stanza) - TL : I think I'm in love for the first time (1 st line, 1 st stanza) The lyrics classify into figure of speech of allegory in the source language, but the lyrics does not transform with the same allegory in the target language. The words jatuh cinta in the source language has identified as the sign of action in sensing love appearance. From the assessment of translation analysis lyrics above, it can be categorized as quite good translation. The indicators are identified clearly based on the theory, such as the literal translating still feel clumsy and the meaning still distortion. The words in love in the target lyrics means the person already have the relationship, meanwhile the message in the source language jatuh cinta means the person just want to make special relationship. The additional of adverbial time in the target language is unnecessary.

29 25 Symbol beyond itself. Symbol represents as any object, or action that represents something Data III - SL : Yang menghanyutkan hatiku (2 nd line, 2 nd stanza) - TL : While your hands in my hands indeed (2 nd line, 2 nd stanza) The lyrics contains in the source language above classify into symbol which runs the same in the target language. The sign of symbol in the source lyrics has identified in the word hati. Whereas, the symbol figure of speech in target lyrics identified in the word hands. From the assessment of translation lyrics above, the categorization of translation assessment is poor translation. Even the author has been used the same figure of speech in the target lyrics, but the meaning and message delivered pretty diverge. It also makes the literal translation feel so clumsy. The symbol figure of speech transform far differently from the word hati in the source lyrics to the word hands in the target lyrics. The message in the source lyrics yang menghanyutkan hatiku tells about drifted feeling after loving to someone. On the other hand, the message in the target lyrics while your hands in my hands indeed just express the situation in which the person convinced his or her couple.

30 26 b. Adam and Eve The song explains an expectation of a person for attracting the opposite sex to be his/her mine, although it seems impossible. The conviction to fulfil what he/she desires until the end. Same as Falling in Love song lyrics, the steps of assessment start by identifying the figures of speech (personification, allegory, and symbol) findings of each line, then doing the assessment and classifying them based on the indicators of the translation assessment. Here are the findings: Data I = Personification - SL : Walau rintangan melintas ( 2 nd Line, 4 th Stanza) - TL : Although the answer lays in lie (2 nd Line, 4 th Stanza) Data II = Allegory - SL : Dengarkan suara hati (4 th Line, 2 nd Stanza) - TL : Wanting that I believe (4 th Line, 2 nd Stanza) Data III - SL : Langitkan beri jawaban (4 th Line, 1 st Stanza) - TL : By killing my own believe (4 th Line, 1 st Stanza)

31 27 From those figures of speech findings above, personification and allegory in the source language are translated with the same figure of speech in the target language; while the symbol in the source language is not translated with the symbol as well in the target language. Here are the explanations: Data I = Personification - SL : Walau rintangan melintas ( 2 nd Line, 4 th Stanza) - TL : Although the answer lays in lie (2 nd Line, 4 th Stanza) The lyrics above in the source langauge classify into figure of speech of personification from the word melintas; also occurs in the target language from the word lays in lie. Here the assessment of translation analysis certainly using the same theory by Rochayah Machali. Translation lyrics above already proper in transferring figure of speech, but unfortunately the main message delivered divergently. Therefore, the translation lyrics above can be categorized as quite good translation. The indicators remain are clumsy in translating and distortion in meaning. The assessment of those both lyrics, especially the figure of speech of personification, has achieved in the similarity. The personification in the source lyrics melintas means passing through. And personification in target lyrics lays in lie can be comprehended as passing through in the same line.

32 28 Another side, the word rintangan in the source lyrics contains the meaning as obstacle or hindrance. Whereas, the meaning in the target lyrics translation answer can be understood as the direction or the suggestion; it performs contrary to the word obstacle. In addition, the message in the source lyrics contains understanding about dependability feeling in loving someone. On the other side, the message in the target lyrics explains the truth has uncovered. Shortly, the divergences in transferring the word properly can changes meaning and even message in the lyrics. Data II = Allegory - SL : Dengarkan suara hati (4 th Line, 2 nd Stanza) - TL : Wanting that I believe (4 th Line, 2 nd Stanza) The lyrics in the source language classify into allegory figure of speech; here the word identified is suara. In the target language, the word believe identified as the same allegory. From the assessment of translation lyrics above, the categorization of translation assessment is still poor translation. The main indicator of this categorization is when the meaning become distortion. Also the translating lyrics feel quite clumsy because of word chosen and grammatical problems.

33 29 Translating source lyrics dengarkan suara hati become wanting that I believe in the target lyrics felt not acceptable in grammatical and not represent the message similarly. The sentence in the source lyrics is kind of phrase; the message also delivered clearly. Whereas the sentence in target lyrics changed unclearly independent clause; therefore the message contains in the target lyrics seemed to vague. Although the author has been used the same figure of speech in the target lyrics and reached the similar understanding, but the whole meaning in the target lyrics delivered divergently. Data III = Symbol - SL : Langitkan beri jawaban (4 th Line, 1 st Stanza) - TL : By killing my own believe (4 th Line, 1 st Stanza) The lyrics in the source language classify into figure of speech of symbol identified in the word langit. That symbol symbolizes something huge or great, and contains the meaning that visualization of something impossible to reach. The lyrics not change with the same symbol figure of speech in the target language. The sentence by killing my own believe actually identified as allegory figure of speech because the word killing represents an action which carries further meaning in narratively.

34 30 The assessment of translation lyrics above can be categorized as poor translation. The indicators of this categorization remain are inelegant in translating (clumsy) and distortion in meaning. The lyrics analysis based on the context in the source language langitkan beri jawaban refers the lyrics haruskah kita berharap in previous lyrics. From the analysis here, the message becomes clearly understand where it is explaining the huge expectation which seems impossible to be achieved or to be applied. Meanwhile the message in the target lyrics by killing my own believe explains about omitting the conviction. So, the message confirmed is not delivered similarly. Even the author has translated the source lyrics symbol figure of speech with another figure of speech, such as allegory, it is not guaranteed the message can be delivered similarity and enabled precisely to make the awkwardness. After describing the findings of figures of speech above, the researcher may resume several things: still many structures and grammatical form feel clumsy mostly appeared in the target language, and some of the translation lyrics have no direct or similar intention (an awkwardness result). As the conclusion, the assessment of the translation from both song lyrics could be put in poor translation level. The description goes through to the indicators of poor translation level; it because the translation contains word clumsy and meaning distortion in the target language.

35 31 By these several facts, the translation of both song lyrics also grouped as a taste area; because the author just made the lyrics prominently personal or individual substances; and it emphasizes only in the rhyme and intonation.

36 CHAPTER IV CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION A. Conclusion Language is unique. It is not only used for education, religion, culture, but also as entertainment. Entertainment gives us expressive and aesthetic values in showing people intention and feeling. Everyone needs song or music in filling his or her feeling about such a thing; we also know by listening the music, our feeling can be more meaningful. In every country, songs were made to be listened and enjoyed by people. So that, lyrics should be perfect and often need further embellishment. The researcher only focuses the analysis on three kinds of figures of speech, which are Personification, Allegory, and Symbol. Starting by comparing both source and target lyrics texts, in order to get the assessment of the translation song; then analyzing figures of speech findings. Based on the findings in Falling in Love song, the statistic from the comparison lyrics almost clumsy and contain many meaning distortion of each stanza; the equivalences result of the lyrics just performs less than half of the total lines; which can be seen in the second to fourth stanzas analysis. The song keeps containing the three figures of speech but unfortunately exist in the different line and stanza of the target language. 32

37 33 It is also occurs in Adam and Eve song lyrics. There are too many clumsy word and meaning distortion translation. Equivalences in the target language are really hard to reach; still many wrong technical terms usage. The structure in the target language goes differently in big number. Yet, even the figures of speech again are not standing in the same line, the explanation of them keep managing as personification, allegory, and symbol. As the result, the translation of these song lyrics contain many inconsistency points perform in the target language; either in form (structure) or in figures of speech used. They could be categorized as a poor translation and stood in taste area based on the continuum assessment. B. Suggestion After obtaining the conclusion, the researcher would propose some suggestions as follow: 1. Candidate Translators The assessment also can suggest the translators to see the effectivity and efficiency of translation works. The candidate translators (students of translation department), in addition, of course have to understand translation procedures and techniques first before do the assessment. In order to reach good translation, the translation works assessment is very important to do regularly.

38 34 Translation of any text surely become useful for people to comprehend messages and information contained in the text. It also can support next translators to explore and expand any translation knowledge further; and expectably can spread them in broader areas. 2. Musicians The translation assessment result of song lyrics translation also can suggest others musicians in order to maintain the similar intention of the source language lyric. Several of them only keep the rhyme and intonation in the closest form of the source language, but fail in delivering information and intention in the target language (translation). 3. Next Researcher In the future, there are still many analysis can be reached from various translation text, either academic text or literary text. The researcher believes many other candidate translators have the opportunity to make new effective and efficient way in increasing the quality of the translation works.