Correlated to: Massachusetts English Language Arts Curriculum Framework with May 2004 Supplement (Grades 5-8)

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1 General STANDARD 1: Discussion* Students will use agreed-upon rules for informal and formal discussions in small and large groups. Grades : Know and apply rules for formal discussions (classroom, parliamentary debate, town meeting rules). GENERAL STANDARD 2: Questioning, Listening, and Contributing* SE/TE: Discussion, 127; Put Yourself in the Picture, 7, 203, 411, 575, 725, 905; Debate, 247, 933, 1051; also see: Critical Thinking: Discuss, 30, 44, 110, 124, 136, 148, 224, 244, 256, 276, 332, 428, 456, 660, 856, 920, 930, 996, 1002 Students will pose questions, listen to the ideas of others, and contribute their own information or ideas in group discussions or interviews in order to acquire new knowledge. 2.4: Integrate relevant information gathered from group discussions and interviews for reports. GENERAL STANDARD 3: Oral Presentation* SE/TE: Conducting an Interview, 890; Talk About It: Interview, 557; Discussion, 127; Put Yourself in the Picture, 7, 203, 411, 575, 725, 905; Debate, 247, 933, 1051; also see: Critical Thinking: Discuss, 30, 44, 110, 124, 136, 148, 224, 244, 256, 276, 332, 428, 456, 660, 856, 920, 930, 996, 1002 Students will make oral presentations that demonstrate appropriate consideration of audience, purpose, and the information to be conveyed. 3.10: Present an organized interpretation of a literary work, film, or dramatic production. 3.11: Use appropriate techniques for oral persuasion. 3.12: Give oral presentations to different audiences for various purposes, showing appropriate changes in delivery (gestures, vocabulary, pace, visuals) and using language for dramatic effect. GENERAL STANDARD 4: Vocabulary and Concept Development SE/TE: Poetry reading, 663; Dramatic reading, 47; Story, 707, 1005; Dramatic monologue, 809 SE/TE: Debate, 247, 933, 1051; also see: Evaluating a Persuasive Presentation, 560; Evaluating Media and Advertisements, 710 SE/TE: Communications Workshop: Delivering Narrative Presentation, 188; Delivering an Oral Summary, 396; Conducting an Interview, 890; Research Presentation, 1054; Debate, 247, 933, 1051 Students will understand and acquire new vocabulary and use it correctly in reading and writing. GRADES : Determine the meaning of unfamiliar words using context clues (contrast, cause and effect). SE/TE: Context clues, use, P3, 23, 28, 31, 35, 37, 43, 45, 49, 55, 57, 59, 63, 67, 70 1

2 4.21: Determine the meaning of unfamiliar words by using knowledge of common Greek and Latin roots, suffixes, and prefixes. 4.22: Determine pronunciations, meanings, alternate word choices, parts of speech, or etymologies of words using dictionaries and thesauruses. Students will understand and acquire new vocabulary and use it correctly in reading and writing. Determine the meanings of unfamiliar words using context clues (for example, contrast or cause and effect stated in the text). Determine the meanings of unfamiliar words using knowledge of common Greek and Latin roots, suffixes, and prefixes. Determine pronunciations, meanings, alternate word choices, parts of speech, or etymologies of words using dictionaries and thesauruses. GENERAL STANDARD 5: Structure and Origins of Modern English SE/TE: Prefixes, 24, 31, 32, 45, 50, 59, 60, 67, 310, 319, 320, 333, 666, 673, 674, 681, 774, 807, 936, 943, 944, 955; Suffixes, 218, 225, 226, 245, 338, 343, 344, 359, 422, 429, 430, 437, 602, 609, 610, 617, 648, 648, 655, 655, 656, 661, 990, 997, 998, 1003; Roots, 94, 101, 102, 107, 112, 121, 122, 129, 272, 283, 284, 297, 302, 315, 316, 329, 490, 495, 496, 507, 562, 569, 570, 581, 706, 733, 856, 865, 866, 873, 934, 939, 940, 953 SE/TE: Vocabulary Workshop: Using a Dictionary and Thesaurus, ; also see: Dictionary, 186, 663, 827, R23; Editing and Proofreading, 645; Revising, 95; Use Dictionary to Verify Spelling, 807 SE/TE: Context clues, use, P3, 23, 28, 31, 35, 37, 43, 45, 49, 55, 57, 59, 63, 67, 70; Prefixes, 24, 31, 32, 45, 50, 59, 60, 67, 310, 319, 320, 333, 666, 673, 674, 681, 774, 807, 936, 943, 944, 955; Suffixes, 218, 225, 226, 245, 338, 343, 344, 359, 422, 429, 430, 437, 602, 609, 610, 617, 648, 648, 655, 655, 656, 661, 990, 997, 998, 1003; Roots, 94, 101, 102, 107, 112, 121, 122, 129, 272, 283, 284, 297, 302, 315, 316, 329, 490, 495, 496, 507, 562, 569, 570, 581, 706, 733, 856, 865, 866, 873, 934, 939, 940, 953; Vocabulary Workshop: Using a Dictionary and Thesaurus, ; also see: Dictionary, 186, 663, 827, R23; Editing and Proofreading, 645; Revising, 95; Use Dictionary to Verify Spelling, 807 Students will analyze standard English grammar and usage and recognize how its vocabulary has developed and been influenced by other languages. GRADES : Recognize the basic patterns of English sentences (noun-verb; noun-verbnoun; noun-verb-noun-noun; noun-linking verb-noun). SE/TE: Compound sentence, 682; Compoundcomplex sentence, R41; also see: Sentence, 643, 703, 858, 883; also see: Revising: Sentences, 487, 552, 643, 702, : Distinguish phrases from clauses. SE/TE: Clauses, 854, 874; Phrase, R : Recognize the makeup and function of prepositional phrases. 5.18: Identify simple, compound, and complex sentences. 5.19: Recognize appropriate use of pronoun reference. SE/TE: Preposition/prepositional phrase, 734, 805, R40 SE/TE: Compound sentence, 682; Compoundcomplex sentence, R41 SE/TE: Pronoun, 126, 181, 618,

3 5.20: Identify correct mechanics (comma after introductory structures), correct usage (pronoun reference), and correct sentence structure (complete sentences, properly placed modifiers). 5.21: Employ grammar and usage rhetorically by combining, including, reordering, and reducing sentences. 5.22: Describe the origins and meanings of common words, as well as of foreign words or phrases used frequently in written English. Students will analyze standard English grammar and usage and recognize how its vocabulary has developed and been influenced by other languages. Recognize the basic patterns of English sentences (for example, noun-verb; nounverb-noun; noun-verb-noun-noun). Distinguish phrases from clauses. Identify past, present, and future verb tenses. Identify prepositional phrases. Identify simple, compound, and complex sentences. Recognize appropriate use of pronoun reference. Identify correct mechanics (for example, comma after introductory structures), correct usage (for example, subject and verb agreement) and correct sentence structure (for example, complete sentences, properly placed modifiers). GENERAL STANDARD 6: Formal and Informal English SE/TE: Sentence, 643, 703, 858, 883; also see: Revising: Sentences, 487, 552, 643, 702, 1044; Grammar, 46, 68, 126, 150, 246, 278, 334, 360, 438, 458, 504, 526, 598, 618; Writer s Workshop: Editing and Proofreading, 183, 307, 391, 705; Writer s Toolbox: Revising Incorrect Use of Commas, 985; Grammar: Sentence Functions and Endmarks, 858; Punctuation Marks, 932; Commas, 956; Handbook, R43; also see: Punctuation, 809 SE/TE: Sentence, 643, 703, 858, 883; also see: Revising: Sentences, 487, 552, 643, 702, 1044; Grammar, 46, 68, 126, 150, 246, 278, 334, 360, 438, 458, 504, 526, 598, 618, SE/TE: Connotation/ Denotation, ; Borrowed and Foreign Words, ; Figurative Language, SE/TE: Grammar, 46, 68, 126, 150, 246, 278, 334, 360, 438, 458, 504, 526, 598, 618, 662, 682, 770, 808, 858, 932, 956, 1004, 1024; Writer's Toolbox: Conventions, 93, 95, 181, 305, 389, 985, 1045; Test Practice: Writing and Language Conventions, 194, 402, 566, 716, 896, 1060; Handbook, R40 R42 Students will describe, analyze, and use appropriately formal and informal English. 6.7: Analyze the language styles of different characters in literary works. SE/TE: Character, 160, 175, 202, 203, 206, 207, 249, 253, 257, 261, 262, 265, 267, 277, 386, 722, 724, 726, 818, 823, 831, 837, 839, 840, 845, 847, 849, 850, 852, 857, 866, 1007; Characterization, direct/indirect, 160, 175, 202, 206, 207, 724; Characters' traits/motives, 160, 202, 249, 257, 277, 818, 823, 837, 839, 840, 845, 847, 849, 850, 852, 857; Hero, 904, 905 3

4 Students will describe, analyze, and use appropriately formal and informal English. Identify the language styles of different characters in literary works. Reading and Literature: GENERAL STANDARD 7: Beginning Reading SE/TE: Character, 160, 175, 202, 203, 206, 207, 249, 253, 257, 261, 262, 265, 267, 277, 386, 722, 724, 726, 818, 823, 831, 837, 839, 840, 845, 847, 849, 850, 852, 857, 866, 1007; Dialogue, 692, 694, 702, 703, 705, 711, 712, 714, 716, 720, 722, 723, 724, 727, 728, 730, 731, 733 Students will understand the nature of written English and the relationship of letters and spelling patterns to the sounds of speech. The majority of students will have met these standards by the end of Grade 4, although teachers may need to continue addressing earlier standards. GENERAL STANDARD 8: Understanding a Text Students will identify the basic facts and main ideas in a text and use them as the basis for interpretation. For imaginative/literary texts: 8.23: Use knowledge of genre characteristics to analyze a text. 8.24: Interpret mood and tone, and give supporting evidence in a text. For informational/expository texts: 8.26: Recognize organizational structures and use of arguments for and against an issue. 8.27: Identify evidence used to support an argument. SE/TE: Elements of Fiction, 6-7; Literary Analysis: Narrative Text, 23; Literary analysis: Point of View, 49; Comparing Characters, 160, 818; Literary Analysis: Plot, 217; Literary analysis: conflict, 309; What is a short story?, ; Elements of short stories, ; Literary Analysis: Character, 249; Literary analysis: theme, 337; What is poetry, ; Poetry, elements, ; Poetry, forms, 583; Literary Analysis: Figurative Language, 601; Comparing Narrative Poems, 628; Sound devices, 647; Rhyme, Rhythm, Meter, poetry, 665; Comparing imagery, 692; What is storytelling?, ; Characteristics of the Oral Tradition, ; Literary Analysis: myth, 913; Comparing Universal Themes, 966; Literary Analysis: folk tale, 1007; Comparing Tone and Theme, 1034 SE/TE: Mood, 93, 94; Word choice, 507, 512, 515, 522, 524, 525; Tone, 8, 1034 SE/TE: Elements of nonfiction: organization, 411; Informational Texts: analyze cause and effect organization (textbook article and question and answer), ; Test Practice: Problem-and-solution essay, 717; Comparisonand-contrast essay, 548, 551, 567; Chronological organization, 23, 94, 411, 485 SE/TE: Review and interview, ; Editorials, ; Editorials,

5 8.28: Distinguish between the concepts of theme in a literary work and author s purpose in an expository text. Students will identify basic facts and main ideas in a text and use them as the basis for interpretation. Use knowledge of genre characteristics to analyze a text. Interpret mood in a text and give supporting evidence. Identify evidence in a text that supports an argument. GENERAL STANDARD 9: Making Connections SE/TE: Theme, 202, 214, 215, 337, 341, 343, 351, 357, 359, 904, 911, 1034; Comparing Literary Works: Universal themes, 966, 970, 971, 975, 976, 978, 980, 981; Author's purpose, 99, 129, 411, 412, 419 SE/TE: Main idea, identify/determine, P6, 421, 426, 429, 433, 436, 437, 441, 447, 448, 449, 454, 457, 460; Details, 99, 249, 309, 343, 370, 421, 429, 433, 437, 441, 686, 831, 857 Students will deepen their understanding of a literary or non-literary work by relating it to its contemporary context or historical background. 9.5: Relate a literary work to artifacts, artistic creations, or historical sites of the period of its setting. SE/TE: Historical context, nonfiction, 7, 129, 132, 134, 137, 144, 149; Peck, Richard on, 8, 18; Cultural context, 989, 994, 997, 1003; also see: Background (cultural), 131, 219, 251, 259, 311, 345, 431, 443, 451, 915, 945, 1009, 1017; Background (historical), 113, 139, 251, 670, 739, 833; Social Studies Connection: Pueblo, The, 223, Tenochtitlan, 952, Union Workhouses, 748, Harlem Renaissance, The,

6 GENERAL STANDARD 10: Genre Students will identify, analyze, and apply knowledge of the characteristics of different genres. 10.4: Identify and analyze the characteristics of various genres (poetry, fiction, nonfiction, short story, dramatic literature) as forms chosen by an author to accomplish a purpose. SE/TE: Elements of Fiction, 6-7; Literary Analysis: Narrative Text, 23; Literary analysis: Point of View, 49; Comparing Characters, 160, 818; Literary Analysis: Plot, 217; Literary analysis: conflict, 309; What is a short story?, ; Elements of short stories, ; Literary Analysis: Character, 249; Literary analysis: theme, 337; What is poetry, ; Poetry, elements, ; Poetry, forms, 583; Literary Analysis: Figurative Language, 601; Comparing Narrative Poems, 628; Sound devices, 647; Rhyme, Rhythm, Meter, poetry, 665; Comparing imagery, 692; What is storytelling?, ; Characteristics of the Oral Tradition, ; Literary Analysis: myth, 913; Comparing Universal Themes, 966; Literary Analysis: folk tale, 1007; Comparing Tone and Theme, 1034; Elements of Nonfiction, ; Expository Essay, 421, 425, 429, 432, 437; Reflective Essay, 443, 444, 447, 449, 457; Comparing Biography and Autobiography, 468, 472, 476, 478, 479, 481, 483; Persuasive Essay, 495, 497, 503; Informational Texts, 72 77, , , , , , , , , , , ; What is Drama, ; Elements of drama, ; Dialogue, 737; Characters Motives, 831; Dramatic Speeches, 866 6

7 Students will identify, analyze, and apply knowledge of the characteristics of different genres. Identify how authors use characteristics of various genres (for example, poetry, fiction, nonfiction, short story, dramatic literature) to accomplish different purposes. GENERAL STANDARD 11: Theme SE/TE: Elements of Fiction, 6-7; Literary Analysis: Narrative Text, 23; Literary analysis: Point of View, 49; Comparing Characters, 160, 818; Literary Analysis: Plot, 217; Literary analysis: conflict, 309; What is a short story?, ; Elements of short stories, ; Literary Analysis: Character, 249; Literary analysis: theme, 337; What is poetry, ; Poetry, elements, ; Poetry, forms, 583; Literary Analysis: Figurative Language, 601; Comparing Narrative Poems, 628; Sound devices, 647; Rhyme, Rhythm, Meter, poetry, 665; Comparing imagery, 692; What is storytelling?, ; Characteristics of the Oral Tradition, ; Literary Analysis: myth, 913; Comparing Universal Themes, 966; Literary Analysis: folk tale, 1007; Comparing Tone and Theme, 1034; Elements of Nonfiction, ; Expository Essay, 421, 425, 429, 432, 437; Reflective Essay, 443, 444, 447, 449, 457; Comparing Biography and Autobiography, 468, 472, 476, 478, 479, 481, 483; Persuasive Essay, 495, 497, 503; Informational Texts, 72 77, , , , , , , , , , , ; What is Drama, ; Elements of drama, ; Dialogue, 737; Characters Motives, 831; Dramatic Speeches, 866 Students will identify, analyze, and apply knowledge of theme in a literary work and provide evidence from the text to support their understanding. 11.4: Analyze and evaluate similar themes across a variety of selections, distinguishing theme from topic. Students will identify, analyze, and apply knowledge of theme in a literary work and provide evidence from the text to support their understanding. Identify and supply evidence for a theme in a selection. SE/TE: Theme, 202, 214, 215, 337, 341, 343, 351, 357, 359, 904, 911, 1034; Comparing Literary Works: Universal themes, 966, 970, 971, 975, 976, 978, 980, 981 SE/TE: Comparing Literary Works: Universal themes, 966, 970, 971, 975, 976, 978, 980, 981; Theme, 202, 214, 215, 337, 341, 343, 351, 357, 359, 904, 911,

8 GENERAL STANDARD 12: Fiction Students will identify, analyze, and apply knowledge of the structure and elements of fiction and provide evidence from the text to support their understanding. 12.4: Locate and analyze elements of plot and characterization and then use an understanding of these elements to determine how qualities of the central characters influence the resolution of the conflict. Students will identify, analyze, and apply knowledge of the structure and elements of fiction and provide evidence from the text to support their understanding. Analyze the connections among setting, characterization, conflict, plot, and/or theme. Analyze characters personality traits, motivations, and interactions with others and give supporting evidence from their words, actions, or thoughts. Analyze the ways characters change or interact with others over time and give supporting evidence from the text. GENERAL STANDARD 13: Nonfiction SE/TE: Plot & climax, , 217, 222, 223, 224, 225, 229, 232, 235, 236, 238, 240, 241, 242, 243, 245, 386; Resolution, conflict and, 309, 312, 315, 317, 319, 323, 325, 330, 333; Character, 160, 175, 202, 203, 206, 207, 249, 253, 257, 261, 262, 265, 267, 277, 386, 722, 724, 726, 818, 823, 831, 837, 839, 840, 845, 847, 849, 850, 852, 857, 866, 1007; Characterization, direct/indirect, 160, 175, 202, 206, 207, 724; Characters' traits/motives, 160, 202, 249, 257, 277, 818, 823, 837, 839, 840, 845, 847, 849, 850, 852, 857; Hero, 904, 905 SE/TE: Plot & climax, , 217, 222, 223, 224, 225, 229, 232, 235, 236, 238, 240, 241, 242, 243, 245, 386; Resolution, conflict and, 309, 312, 315, 317, 319, 323, 325, 330, 333; Character, 160, 175, 202, 203, 206, 207, 249, 253, 257, 261, 262, 265, 267, 277, 386, 722, 724, 726, 818, 823, 831, 837, 839, 840, 845, 847, 849, 850, 852, 857, 866, 1007; Characterization, direct/indirect, 160, 175, 202, 206, 207, 724; Characters' traits/motives, 160, 202, 249, 257, 277, 818, 823, 837, 839, 840, 845, 847, 849, 850, 852, 857; Hero, 904, 905; Setting, 6, 99, 103, 105, 109, 111, 118, 121, 125, 178, 202, 215, 386 Students will identify, analyze, and apply knowledge of the purpose, structure, and elements of nonfiction or informational materials and provide evidence from the text to support their understanding : Identify and use knowledge of common textual features (paragraphs, topic sentences, concluding sentences, introduction, conclusion, footnotes, index, bibliography) : Identify and use knowledge of common graphic features (charts, maps, diagrams). SE/TE: Informational Texts: use text features, SE/TE: Informational Texts: maps, 73 74; understand text structure and purpose (photographs, illustrations, captions), ; textbook article with visual aids, ; structure and purpose (instructional manual and sign), ; textbook article with visuals, ; also see: Informational Text, 282; Test Practice: Informational Reading Skills, 400; Handbook, R31, R32, R34 8

9 13.20: Identify and use knowledge of common organizational structures (logical order, comparison and contrast, cause and effect relationships) : Recognize use of arguments for and against an issue : Identify evidence used to support an argument : Distinguish between the concepts of theme in a literary work and author s purpose in an expository text. Students will identify, analyze, and apply knowledge of the purposes, structure, and elements of nonfiction or informational materials and provide evidence from the text to support their understanding. Identify and use knowledge of common textual features (for example, in addition to features listed for earlier grades, introduction, conclusion, transition words, concluding sentences). Identify and use knowledge of common graphic features to analyze nonfiction texts. Identify common organizational structures (for example, logical order, comparison and contrast, cause and effect relationships). Recognize arguments for and against an issue Identify evidence in a text that supports an argument. GENERAL STANDARD 14: Poetry SE/TE: Elements of nonfiction: organization, 411; Informational Texts: analyze cause and effect organization (textbook article and question and answer), ; Test Practice: Problem-and-solution essay, 717; Comparisonand-contrast essay, 548, 551, 567; Chronological organization, 23, 94, 411, 485 SE/TE: Review and interview, ; Editorials, ; Editorials, SE/TE: Review and interview, ; Editorials, ; Editorials, SE/TE: For related material: Author's Purpose, 99, 103, 107, 110, 111, 116, 118, 122, 124, 125, 129, 133, 135, 136, 137, 141, 142, 144, 146, 149, 411, 412, 419 SE/TE: Elements of nonfiction: organization, 411; Informational Texts: analyze cause and effect organization (textbook article and question and answer), ; Test Practice: Problem-and-solution essay, 717; Comparisonand-contrast essay, 548, 551, 567; Chronological organization, 23, 94, 411, 485; maps, 73 74; understand text structure and purpose (photographs, illustrations, captions), ; textbook article with visual aids, ; structure and purpose (instructional manual and sign), ; also see: Informational Text, 282; Test Practice: Informational Reading Skills, 400; Handbook, R31, R32, R34 Students will identify, analyze, and apply knowledge of the theme, structure, and elements of poetry and provide evidence from the text to support their understanding. 14.4: Respond to and analyze the effects of sound, form, figurative language, and graphics in order to uncover meaning in poetry: sound (alliteration, onomatopoeia, internal rhyme, rhyme scheme); figurative language (personification, metaphor, simile, hyperbole); graphics (capital letters, line length, word position). SE/TE: What is poetry, ; Poetry, elements, ; Poetry, forms, 583; Literary Analysis: Figurative Language, 601; Comparing Narrative Poems, 628; Sound devices, 647; Rhyme, Rhythm, Meter, poetry, 665; Comparing imagery, 692 9

10 Students will identify, analyze, and apply knowledge of the themes, structure, and elements of poetry and provide evidence from the text to support their understanding. Identify and respond to the effects of form, sound, figurative language, and graphics in order to uncover meaning in poetry. Form (haiku, epic, sonnet) Sound (alliteration, onomatopoeia, rhyme schemes) Figurative language (personification, metaphor, simile, hyperbole) Graphics (capital letters, line length, word position) GENERAL STANDARD 15: Style and Language SE/TE: What is poetry, ; Poetry, elements, ; Poetry, forms, 583; Poetry Collection, 584, 592, 604, 606, 608, 612, 614, 616, 650, 652, 654, 658, 659, 660, 668, 670, 672, 676, 679, 680, 694, 696 Students will identify and analyze how an author s words appeal to the senses, create imagery, suggest mood, and set tone and provide evidence from the text to support their understanding. 15.5: Identify and analyze imagery and figurative language. 15.6: Identify and analyze how an author s use of words creates tone and mood. Students will identify and analyze how an author s words appeal to the senses, create imagery, suggest mood, and set tone, and will provide evidence from the text to support their understanding. Identify and analyze imagery and figurative language. Identify how an author s use of words creates mood. SE/TE: Figurative Language, ; also see: Hyperbole, 69, 904, 905, 905, 911; Figurative language, 574, 601, 607, 609, 613, 615, 617; Personification, poetry, 578, 581; Imagery, 692, 695, 697; Personification, 574, 578, 581, 601, 609, 617, 904, 905, R18 SE/TE: Mood, 93, 94; Word choice, 507, 512, 515, 522, 524, 525; Tone, 8, 1034 SE/TE: Mood, 93, 94; Word choice, 507, 512, 515, 522, 524, 525; Tone, 8, 1034; Figurative Language, ; also see: Hyperbole, 69, 904, 905, 905, 911; Figurative language, 574, 601, 607, 609, 613, 615, 617; Personification, poetry, 578, 581; Imagery, 692, 695, 697; Personification, 574, 578, 581, 601, 609, 617, 904, 905, R18 GENERAL STANDARD 16: Myth, Traditional Narrative, and Classical Literature Students will identify, analyze, and apply knowledge of the themes, structure, and elements of myths, traditional narratives, and classical literature and provide evidence from the text to support their understanding. 16.9: Identify conventions in epic tales (extended simile, the quest, the hero s tasks, special weapons or clothing, helpers). SE/TE: Characteristics of the Oral Tradition, ; Myth, 913, 916, 918, 921, 927, 931; Legend, 935, 939, 943, 951, 954, 955; Folk Tale, 1007, 1010, 1015, 1020, 1023; Hero, 904,

11 16.10: Identify and analyze similarities and differences in mythologies from different cultures (ideas of the afterlife, roles and characteristics of deities, types and purposes of myths). Students will identify, analyze, and apply knowledge of the themes, structure, and elements of myths, traditional narratives, and classical literature and provide evidence from the text to support their understanding. Identify conventions in epic tales (for example, the extended simile, the hero s tasks, special weapons, clothing, helpers). Identify and analyze similarities and differences in mythologies from different cultures (for example, ideas of the afterlife, roles and characteristics of deities, types and purposes of myths). GENERAL STANDARD 17: Dramatic Literature SE/TE: Characteristics of the Oral Tradition, ; Myth, 913, 916, 918, 921, 927, 931; Legend, 935, 939, 943, 951, 954, 955; Folk Tale, 1007, 1010, 1015, 1020, 1023 SE/TE: Characteristics of the Oral Tradition, ; Myth, 913, 916, 918, 921, 927, 931; Legend, 935, 939, 943, 951, 954, 955; Folk Tale, 1007, 1010, 1015, 1020, 1023 Students will identify, analyze, and apply knowledge of the themes, structure, and elements of drama and provide evidence from the text to support their understanding 17.5: Identify and analyze elements of setting, plot, and characterization in the plays that are read, viewed, written, and/or performed: setting (place, historical period, time of day); plot (exposition, conflict, rising action, falling action); and characterization (character motivations, actions, thoughts, development). 17.6: Identify and analyze the similarities and differences in the presentation of setting, character, and plot in texts, plays, and films. SE/TE: What is Drama, ; Elements of drama, ; Dialogue, 737; Characters Motives, 831; Dramatic Speeches, 866 SE/TE: For related material: What is Drama, ; Elements of drama, ; Review of a Short Story, ; Reviews, book or movie, R25 11

12 Students will identify, analyze, and apply knowledge of the themes, structure, and elements of drama and provide evidence from the text to support their understanding. Identify and analyze elements of setting, plot, and characterization in plays that are read, viewed, written, and/or performed. Setting (for example, place, historical period, time of day) Plot (for example, exposition, conflict, rising action, falling action) Characterization (for example, character motivations, actions, thoughts, development) Identify and analyze the similarities and differences in the presentations of setting, character, and plot in texts, plays, and films. GENERAL STANDARD 18: Dramatic Reading and Performance* SE/TE: What is Drama, ; Elements of drama, ; Dialogue, 737; Characters Motives, 831; Dramatic Speeches, 866 Students will plan and present dramatic readings, recitations, and performances that demonstrate appropriate consideration of audience and purpose. 18.4: Develop and present characters through the use of basic acting skills (memorization, sensory recall, concentration, diction, body alignment, expressive detail), explain the artistic choices made, and use a scoring guide with teacher-developed categories (content, presentation style) to create scoring criteria for assessment. Composition: GENERAL STANDARD 19: Writing SE/TE: Dramatic reading, 47; Rhythmic presentation, 707; Story, 707, 1005; Dramatic monologue, 809; Debate, 933; Television News Report, 1025 Students will write with a clear focus, coherent organization, and sufficient detail. For imaginative/literary writing:* 19.19: Write stories or scripts with welldeveloped characters, setting, dialogue, clear conflict and resolution, and sufficient descriptive detail : Write poems using poetic techniques (alliteration, onomatopoeia, rhyme scheme), figurative language (simile, metaphor, personification), and graphic elements (capital letters, line length, word position).for informational/expository writing: SE/TE: Writing Workshop: Autobiographical Narrative, ; Short Story, ; Writing: Journal Entry, 279; Anecdote, 335; Analogy, 439; Tribute, 809 SE/TE: Poem, 683; Haiku, 599; also see: Rhyme, 572, 574, 665, 668, 679,

13 19.21: Write reports based on research that include quotations, footnotes or endnotes, and a bibliography : Write and justify a personal interpretation of literary, informational, or expository reading that includes a topic statement, supporting details from the literature, and a conclusion : Write multi-paragraph compositions that have clear topic development, logical organization, effective use of detail, and variety in sentence structure. GENERAL STANDARD 20: Consideration of Audience and Purpose Students will write for different audiences and purposes. 20.4: Select and use appropriate rhetorical techniques for a variety of purposes, such as to convince or entertain the reader. GENERAL STANDARD 21: Revising SE/TE: Writing Workshop: Multimedia Report, ; Research Report, ; Research and Technology: Annotated Bibliography, 21, Biographical Report, 69, Outline, 279, Poster, 361, Scientific Explanation, 619, Survey, 683, Costume Plans, 771; Research Presentation, 1054 SE/TE: Review of a Short Story, ; Writing to Compare Literature, 47, 91, 175, 301, 383, 423, 483, 547, 639, 697, 877, 981, 1039; also see: Response to Big Questions: Talk and Write About It, 185, 393, 556, 707, 887, 1051 SE/TE: Writing Workshops: Descriptive Essay, 92 97; Autobiographical Narrative, ; Review of a Short Story, ; Short Story, ; How to Essay, ; Comparison and Contrast, ; Problem and Solution, ; Persuasive Essay, ; Multimedia Report, ; Cause and Effect Essay, ; Business Letter, ; Research Report, SE/TE: Drafting, 94, 178, 304, 386, 486, 550, 642, 700, 826, 880, 984, 1042 Students will demonstrate improvement in organization, content, paragraph development, level of detail, style, tone, and word choice (diction) in their compositions after revising them. 21.6: Revise writing to improve organization and diction after checking the logic underlying the order of ideas, the precision of vocabulary used, and the economy of writing. 21.7: Improve word choice by using a variety of references. SE/TE: Revising, 94, 180, 304, 388, 486, 552, 642, 702, 826, 882, 984, 1044; Writer s Toolbox, 95, 305, 487, 553, 643, 703, 827, 985, 1045 SE/TE: Word choice, review, 93, 303; Drafting: Word choice, 700, 957; Revising: Word choice, 94, 527,

14 GENERAL STANDARD 22: Standard English Conventions Students will use knowledge of standard English conventions in their writing, revising, and editing. GENERAL STANDARD 23: Organizing Ideas in Writing Students will organize ideas in writing in a way that makes sense for their purpose. 23.9: Integrate the use of organizing techniques that break up strict chronological order in a story (starting in the middle of the action, then filling in background information using flashbacks) : Organize information into a coherent essay or report with a thesis statement in the introduction, transition sentences to link paragraphs, and a conclusion : Organize ideas for writing comparison-and-contrast essays. GENERAL STANDARD 24: Research* SE/TE: Writing Workshop: Autobiographical Narrative, ; Short Story, ; Writing: Journal Entry, 279; Anecdote, 335; Analogy, 439; Tribute, 809 SE/TE: Writing Workshop: Descriptive Essay, 92 97; Comparison and Contrast, ; Problem and Solution, ; Cause and Effect Essay, ; Multimedia Report, ; Research Report, SE/TE: Comparison and Contrast, ; Writing to Compare Literature, 47, 91, 175, 301, 383, 423, 483, 547, 639, 697, 877, 981, 1039 Students will gather information from a variety of sources, analyze and evaluate the quality of the information they obtain, and use it to answer their own questions. 24.4: Apply steps for obtaining information from a variety of sources, organizing information, documenting sources, and presenting research in individual projects: differentiate between primary and secondary source materials; differentiate between paraphrasing and using direct quotes in a report; organize and present research using the grade 7 8 Learning Standards in the Composition Strand as a guide for writing; document information and quotations and use a consistent format for footnotes or endnotes; and use standard bibliographic format to document sources. GENERAL STANDARD 25: Evaluating Writing and Presentations* SE/TE: Writing Workshop: Multimedia Report, ; Research Report, ; Research and Technology: Annotated Bibliography, 21, Biographical Report, 69, Outline, 279, Poster, 361, Scientific Explanation, 619, Survey, 683, Costume Plans, 771; Research Presentation, 1054; Writing Letters (formatting), R26 R27; 21 st Century Skills, R28 R33; Citing Sources and Preparing Manuscripts, R34 R35 Students will develop and use appropriate rhetorical, logical, and stylistic criteria for assessing final versions of their compositions or research projects before presenting them to varied audiences. 25.4: As a group, develop and use scoring guides or rubrics to improve organization and presentation of written and oral projects. SE/TE: Communications Workshop, 188, 396, 560, 710, 890,

15 Media: GENERAL STANDARD 26: Analysis of Media* Students will identify, analyze, and apply knowledge of the conventions, elements, and techniques of film, radio, video, television, multimedia productions, the Internet, and emerging technologies, and provide evidence from the works to support their understanding. 26.4: Analyze the effect on the reader s or viewer s emotions of text and image in print journalism, and images, sound, and text in electronic journalism, distinguishing techniques used in each to achieve these effects. GENERAL STANDARD 27: Media Production* SE/TE: Evaluating a Persuasive Presentation, 560; Evaluating Media and Advertisements, 710 Students will design and create coherent media productions (audio, video, television, multimedia, Internet, emerging technologies) with a clear controlling idea, adequate detail, and appropriate consideration of audience, purpose, and medium. (See also Standards 18, 24, 26, and the Theatre Standards of the Arts Curriculum Framework.) 27.4: Create media presentations and written reports on the same subject and compare the differences in effects of each medium. 27.5: Use criteria to assess the effectiveness of media presentations. SE/TE: For related material: Writing Workshop: Multimedia Report, ; Research Report, SE/TE: Evaluating a Persuasive Presentation, 560; Evaluating Media and Advertisements,

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