Louis Armstrong ( )

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Louis Armstrong (1901-1971) Born and raised in New Orleans Known by his nicknames Pops and Satchmo The great musical innovator of the 20 th Century, particularly jazz in the 1920s and 1930s Elevates

1 Louis Armstrong ( ) Born and raised in New Orleans Known by his nicknames Pops and Satchmo The great musical innovator of the 20 th Century, particularly jazz in the 1920s and 1930s Elevates jazz to an art form Codifies it Establishes jazz as a soloist art Invented swing Proved improvisation was as durable as scored music Establishes the blues as the central element of the music He also revolutionized singing Introduced scat singing

2 Heebie Jeebies (1925)

3 Muskrat Ramble (1925)

4 Hotter Than That (1925)

5 Potato Head Blues (1927)

6 West End Blues (1927)

Louis Armstrong (1901-1971) The other persona of Louis Armstrong was the popular singer and entertainer beginning in the 1930s until his death He was most revered by white audiences that did not know

7 Louis Armstrong ( ) The other persona of Louis Armstrong was the popular singer and entertainer beginning in the 1930s until his death He was most revered by white audiences that did not know of his jazz innovations Criticized by the black community due to his joviality and mischaracterized as an Uncle Tom Only black musician to speak out against Eisenhower not backing the Little Rock Nine Died in 1971 due to a heart ailment

Ain t Misbehavin (1929) No one to talk to...all by myself No one to walk with...i'm happy on the shelf Ain't misbehavin'...savin' all my love for you I know for certain.

8 Ain t Misbehavin (1929) No one to talk to...all by myself No one to walk with...i'm happy on the shelf Ain't misbehavin'...savin' all my love for you I know for certain...the one I love I'm through with flirtin'...it's just you that I've been thinkin' of Ain't misbehavin', savin' all my love for you Like Jack Horner...in that ole corner Don't go nowhere...what do I care? Your kisses are worth waitin' for...believe me I don't stay out late, no where to go I'm home about eight...just me and my radio Ain't misbehavin', savin' all my love for you

Sometimes I wonder why I spend Such lonely nights Oh baby lonely nights Dreaming of a song The melody haunts my reverie And I am once again with you When our love was new, oh baby And each kiss an

9 Sometimes I wonder why I spend Such lonely nights Oh baby lonely nights Dreaming of a song The melody haunts my reverie And I am once again with you When our love was new, oh baby And each kiss an inspiration Now that baby you know was long ago Oh beside a garden wall When stars are bright You are in my arms The nightingale tells his fairy tale A paradise where roses bloom Though I dream in vain In my heart it will remain baby My stardust melody Oh memory oh memory oh memory Stardust (1930s)

10 When the Saints Go Marching In (1939)

A Kiss to Build a Dream On (1951) Give me a kiss to build a dream on And my imagination will thrive upon that kiss Sweetheart, I ask no more than this A kiss to build a dream on Give me a kiss before

11 A Kiss to Build a Dream On (1951) Give me a kiss to build a dream on And my imagination will thrive upon that kiss Sweetheart, I ask no more than this A kiss to build a dream on Give me a kiss before you leave me And my imagination will feed my hungry heart Leave me one thing before we part A kiss to build a dream on When I'm alone with my fancies...i'll be with you Weaving romances...making believe they're true Give me your lips for just a moment, And my imagination will make that moment live Give me what you alone can give A kiss to build a dream on When I'm alone with my fancies...i'll be with you Weaving romances...making believe they're true Give me your lips for just a moment And my imagination will make that moment live Give me what you alone can give A kiss to build a dream on

12 Mack the Knife (1957) Oh, the shark, has, pretty teeth, dear...and he shows them, pearly white Just a jackknife, has Macheath, yeah...and he keeps it, out of sight When the shark bites, with his teeth, dear...scarlet billows start to spread Fancy gloves, though, wears Macheath, yeah..so there's not a trace, hmmmm of red On the sidewalk...sunday morning,...lies a body oozin' life Someone's sneakin' 'round the corner...is the someone, Mack the knife? From a tugboat... by the river... a cement bag's, droopin' down Yeah, the cement's just for the weight, dear...bet you Mack, he's back in town Looky here Louie miller, disappeared dear...after drawing, out his cash And Macheath spends, like a sailor...did our boy do, somethin' rash? Sukey Tawdry, Jenny Diver..Lotte Lenya, sweet Lucy Brown Oh, the line forms on the right, dears...now that Macky's back in town

13 Hello, Dolly! (1964) I said hello, Dolly, well, hello, Dolly It's so nice to have you back where you belong You're lookin' swell, Dolly, I can tell, Dolly You're still glowin, you're still crowin, you're still goin' strong I feel that room swayin, while the band's playin' One of your old favorite songs from way back when So take her wrap, fellas, find her an empty lap, fellas Dolly'll never go away again You're still glowin, you're still crowin, you're still goin' strong I feel the room swayin while that ole band keeps on playin' One of your old favorite songs from way back when So golly, gee, fellas find her an empty knee, fellas Dolly'll never go away, I said she'll never go away Dolly'll never go away again

14 What a Wonderful World (1968) I see trees of green, red roses too I see them bloom for me and you And I think to myself what a wonderful world. I see skies of blue and clouds of white The bright blessed day, the dark sacred night And I think to myself what a wonderful world. The colors of the rainbow so pretty in the sky Are also on the faces of people going by I see friends shaking hands saying how do you do They're really saying I love you. I hear babies crying, I watch them grow They'll learn much more than I'll never know And I think to myself what a wonderful world Yes I think to myself what a wonderful world.

Duke Ellington (1899-1974) Born and raised in Washington D.C.

15 Duke Ellington ( ) Born and raised in Washington D.C. to a White House butler One of America s greatest composers and bandleaders Wrote nearly 2,000 compositions Synthesized existing forms of music into a new sound Initially gained fame being broadcast on the radio from the Cotton Club in Harlem from One of the first bandleaders to have a racially integrated band Toured extensively from 1931 till his death in 1974 gaining huge popularity in Europe

16 Black and Tan Fantasy (1928)

17 Mood Indigo/Hot and Bothered/Creole Love Call (1931)

18 It Don t Mean a Thing If It Ain t Got That Swing (1932)

19 Caravan (1937)

20 Take the A-Train (1941)

21 Perdido (1945)

Duke Ellington (1899-1974) In 1966, the Pulitzer Prize for Music jury voted the award to Ellington, however, the Pulitzer Board refused to give the award to a Jazz artist and thus did not give

of jazz and thus made an indelible contribution to art and culture.

22 Duke Ellington ( ) In 1966, the Pulitzer Prize for Music jury voted the award to Ellington, however, the Pulitzer Board refused to give the award to a Jazz artist and thus did not give the award that year In 1999, he was posthumously awarded a special Pulitzer Prize in recognition of his musical genius, which evoked aesthetically the principles of democracy through the medium of jazz and thus made an indelible contribution to art and culture. Awarded the American Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1969 and French Legion of Honor in 1973, the highest civilian decorations in both countries, among numerous other music awards Died of lung cancer and pneumonia in 1974 In 2008 he was voted by residents of Washington D.C. to appear on their 2009 commemorative quarter

Billie Holiday (1915-1959) Very troubled childhood The most significant and influential of all female jazz singers innovating a personal and intimate singing style in which it appears the song is

23 Billie Holiday ( ) Very troubled childhood The most significant and influential of all female jazz singers innovating a personal and intimate singing style in which it appears the song is about the artist singing it First catapulted to stardom due to Jazz critic John Hammond who was instrumental in advancing the careers of many of the 20 th Century s greatest musicians Sang with all the greatest bandleaders including Benny Goodman, Artie Shaw, Duke Ellington, Fletcher Henderson and Count Basie

Strange Fruit (1938) Southern trees bear strange fruit, Blood on the leaves and blood at the root, Black bodies swinging in the southern breeze, Strange fruit hanging from the poplar trees.

24 Strange Fruit (1938) Southern trees bear strange fruit, Blood on the leaves and blood at the root, Black bodies swinging in the southern breeze, Strange fruit hanging from the poplar trees. Pastoral scene of the gallant south, The bulging eyes and the twisted mouth, Scent of magnolias, sweet and fresh, Then the sudden smell of burning flesh. Here is fruit for the crows to pluck, For the rain to gather, for the wind to suck, For the sun to rot, for the trees to drop, Here is a strange and bitter crop.

God Bless the Child (1941) Them that s got shall get Them that s not shall lose So the Bible said and it still is news Mama may have, papa may have But God bless the child thats got his own That s

25 God Bless the Child (1941) Them that s got shall get Them that s not shall lose So the Bible said and it still is news Mama may have, papa may have But God bless the child thats got his own That s got his own Mama may have, papa may have But God bless the child that s got his own That s got his own He just worry bout nothin Cause he s got his own Yes, the strong gets more While the weak ones fade Empty pockets don t ever make the grade Mama may have, papa may have But God bless the child that s got his own That s got his own Money, you ve got lots of friends Crowding round the door When you re gone, spending ends They don t come no more Rich relations give Crust of bread and such You can help yourself But dont take too much Mama may have, papa may have But God bless the child that s got his own That s got his own

Lover Man (1944) I don't know why but i'm feeling so sad I long to try something i never had Never had no kissin' Oh, what i've been missin' Lover man, oh, where can you be?

26 Lover Man (1944) I don't know why but i'm feeling so sad I long to try something i never had Never had no kissin' Oh, what i've been missin' Lover man, oh, where can you be? The night is cold and i'm so alone I'd give my soul just to call you my own Got a moon above me But no one to love me Lover man, oh, where can you be? I've heard it said That the thrill of romance Can be like a heavenly dream I go to bed with a prayer That you'll make love to me Strange as it seems Someday we'll meet And you'll dry all my tears Then whisper sweet Little things in my ear Hugging and a-kissing Oh, what i've been missing Lover man, oh, where can you be?

27 Ain t Nobody s Business If I Do (1948) There ain t nothing I can do Or nothing I can say That folks don t criticize me But I m going to do Just as I want to anyway And don t care just what people say If I should take a notion To jump into the ocean Ain t nobody s business if I do If I go to church on Sunday Then cabaret all day Monday Ain t nobody s business if I do If my man ain t got no money And I say take all mine, honey Ain t nobody s business if I do If I give him my last nickel And it leaves me in a pickle Ain t nobody s business if I do But I d rather my man would hit me Than follow him to jump up and quit me Ain t nobody s business if I do I swear I won t call no copper If I m beat up by my papa Ain t nobody s business if I do Nobody s business Ain t nobody s business Nobody s business if I do

Solitude (1940s) In my solitude You haunt me With dreadful ease Of days gone by In my solitude You taunt me With memories That never die I sit in my chair And filled

28 Solitude (1940s) In my solitude You haunt me With dreadful ease Of days gone by In my solitude You taunt me With memories That never die I sit in my chair And filled with despair There s no one could be so sad With gloom everywhere I sit and I stare I know that Ill soon go mad In my solitude I m afraid Dear lord above Send back my love

Billie Holiday (1915-1959) Nicknamed Lady Day and wrote an autobiography entitled Lady Sings the Blues Drug addict beginning in the early 1940s including marijuana, opium, heroin, as well as alcohol

29 Billie Holiday ( ) Nicknamed Lady Day and wrote an autobiography entitled Lady Sings the Blues Drug addict beginning in the early 1940s including marijuana, opium, heroin, as well as alcohol Consistently had abusive relationships with men Arrested for drug possession on several occasions, including while she was dying Died in 1959 due to heroin withdrawal coupled with cirrhosis of the liver and heart failure

Discovered at the age of 17 by Savoy Ballroom bandleader Chick Webb Known for her scat singing and reinterpretation of the Great American Songbook over her 57 year career Ella Fitzgerald (1915-1996)

30 Discovered at the age of 17 by Savoy Ballroom bandleader Chick Webb Known for her scat singing and reinterpretation of the Great American Songbook over her 57 year career Ella Fitzgerald ( ) To many she is the definitive female jazz singer One of the few existing jazz stars that embraced the new be-bop sound in the late 40s and onward Awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1990 Died due to diabetes in 1996 which had already resulted in blindness and the amputation of both her legs

A-Tisket A-Tasket (1938) A-tisket a-tasket A green-and-yellow basket I bought a basket for my mommie On the way I dropped it I dropped it, I dropped it Yes, on the way I dropped it A little girlie

31 A-Tisket A-Tasket (1938) A-tisket a-tasket A green-and-yellow basket I bought a basket for my mommie On the way I dropped it I dropped it, I dropped it Yes, on the way I dropped it A little girlie picked it up And took it to the market She was truckin' on down the avenue Without a single thing to do She was peck, peck, peckin' all around When she spied it on the ground A-tisket a-tasket She took my yellow basket And if she doesn't bring it back I think that I shall die (Was it red?) No, no, no, no (Was it brown?) No, no, no, no (Was it blue?) No, no, no, no Just a little yellow basket

Night and Day (1950s) Like the beat beat beat of the tom-tom When the jungle shadows fall Like the tick tick tock of the stately clock As it stands against the wall Like the drip drip drip of the

32 Night and Day (1950s) Like the beat beat beat of the tom-tom When the jungle shadows fall Like the tick tick tock of the stately clock As it stands against the wall Like the drip drip drip of the raindrops When the summer shower is through So a voice within me keeps repeating you, you, you Night and day, you are the one Only you beneath the moon or under the sun Whether near to me, or far It's no matter darling where you are I think of you Day and night, night and day, why is it so That this longing for you follows wherever I go In the roaring traffic's boom In the silence of my lonely room I think of you Day and night, night and day Under the hide of me There's an oh such a hungry yearning burning inside of me And this torment won't be through Until you let me spend my life making love to you Day and night, night and day

33 Let s Call the Whole Thing Off (1957) Things have come to a pretty pass Our romance is growing flat, For you like this and the other While I go for this and that, You say laughter and I say larfter You say after and I say arfter Laughter, larfter after arfter Let's call the whole thing off, Goodness knows what the end will be Oh I don't know where I'm at It looks as if we two will never be one Something must be done: You say either and I say either, You say neither and I say neither Either, either Neither, neither Let's call the whole thing off. You like potato and I like potahto You like tomato and I like tomahto Potato, potahto, Tomato, tomahto. Let's call the whole thing off But oh, if we call the whole thing off Then we must part And oh, if we ever part, then that might break my heart So if you like pyjamas and I like pyjahmas, I'll wear pyjamas and give up pyajahmas For we know we need each other so we Better call the whole thing off Let's call the whole thing off. You like vanilla and I like vanella You saspiralla, and I saspirella Vanilla vanella chocolate strawberry Let's call the whole thing off But oh if we call the whole thing of then we must part And oh, if we ever part, then that might break my heart So if you go for oysters and I go for ersters I'll order oysters and cancel the ersters For we know we need each other so we Better call the calling off off, Let's call the whole thing off. I say father, and you say pater, I saw mother and you say mater Pater, mater Uncle, auntie let's call the whole thing off. I like bananas and you like banahnahs I say Havana and I get Havahnah Bananas, banahnahs Havana, Havahnah Go your way, I'll go mine Better call the calling off off, Let's call the whole thing off.

but blue skies Do I see Bluebirds Singing a song Nothing but bluebirds All day long Never saw the sun

34 Blue Skies (1960s) I was blue, just as blue as I could be Ev'ry day was a cloudy day for me Then good luck came a-knocking at my door Skies were gray but they're not gray anymore Blue skies Smiling at me Nothing but blue skies Do I see Bluebirds Singing a song Nothing but bluebirds All day long Never saw the sun shining so bright Never saw things going so right Noticing the days hurrying by When you're in love, my how they fly

35 Swing Music The most popular music in all of America from Is identified as the definitive music of the World War II generation Noted by its big band ensembles Swing uses a strong anchoring rhythm section which supports a lead section that can include brass instruments, including trumpets and trombones, woodwinds including saxophones and clarinets or stringed instruments including violin and guitar; medium to fast tempos; and a "lilting" swing time rhythm. Swing bands usually featured soloists who would improvise a new melody over the arrangement. Swing often merged popular tastes with authentic jazz The premiere swing dance was the Jitterbug which evolved from the Lindy Hop

Known as The King of Swing Benny Goodman (1909-1986) Son of Russian immigrants that lived in Chicago and began recording in jazz bands at the age of 16 Jazz critic and producer John Hammond was

36 Known as The King of Swing Benny Goodman ( ) Son of Russian immigrants that lived in Chicago and began recording in jazz bands at the age of 16 Jazz critic and producer John Hammond was integral in advancing his career Clarinetist and bandleader that brought jazz music to a new young, white audience. It is Goodman that is responsible for the swing explosion. Worked closely with black arranger Fletcher Henderson, to whom he always gave credit

37 Stompin at the Savoy (1937)

38 Don t Be That Way (1938)

39 Avalon (1938)

40 Sing, Sing, Sing (With a Swing) (1938)

Benny Goodman (1909-1986) First jazz musician to have an integrated band with pianist Teddy Wilson in 1935 First jazz musician allowed to play Carnegie Hall in a legendary 1938 concert Artists said

41 Benny Goodman ( ) First jazz musician to have an integrated band with pianist Teddy Wilson in 1935 First jazz musician allowed to play Carnegie Hall in a legendary 1938 concert Artists said he was very difficult to work with and noted The Ray in which Goodman would disdainfully stare at musicians who did not performs as he thought they should Continued to record after the swing era ended, but never was popular after 1950 Died of a heart attack

42 Tommy Dorsey ( ) Well, Git It! (1939) Trombonist and big band leader that was one of the most popular swing musicians In 1939, his band featured a young singer from Hoboken, NJ named Frank Sinatra

Glenn Miller (1904-1944) Trombonist and big band leader that was one of the most popular swing musicians The most enduring figure of

43 Glenn Miller ( ) Trombonist and big band leader that was one of the most popular swing musicians The most enduring figure of the Swing era Formed a big band that played for troops during World War II until his plane disappeared over the English Channel in 1944

44 Moonlight Serenade (1939)

45 In the Mood (1940)

Count Basie (1904-1984) Responsible to re-infusing the blues into jazz during the Swing era bringing what was known as the Kansas City sound Was discovered by John Hammond sitting in his car

46 Count Basie ( ) Responsible to re-infusing the blues into jazz during the Swing era bringing what was known as the Kansas City sound Was discovered by John Hammond sitting in his car listening to the radio on a snowy Chicago night One of the few swing musicians that was able to keep his orchestra together after its peak performing until the 1970s Died of pancreatic cancer

47 One O Clock Jump (1937)

48 Jumpin at the Woodside (1940s)

49 Be-Bop Main difference between bop and swing is that the soloists engaged in chordal (rather than melodic) improvisation, often discarding the melody altogether after the first chorus and using the chords as the basis for the solo. The players were generally virtuosos and some of the tempos were very fast, bop divorced itself from popular music and a dancing audience, uplifting jazz to an art music but cutting deeply into its commercial success. The swing audience splintered into three camps: Be-bop jazz led by Charlie Parker, Dizzy Gillespie and Bud Powell Vocalists that were largely ex-big band singers such as Frank Sinatra A new African-American music called rhythm and blues

Saxophonist known as Bird Charlie Parker (1920-1955) The most significant of the bop artists and most influential as he completely transformed the music with his chordal improvisation By the age of

50 Saxophonist known as Bird Charlie Parker ( ) The most significant of the bop artists and most influential as he completely transformed the music with his chordal improvisation By the age of 17 he was a heroin addict which would affect him throughout his career and his virtuosity led to the widespread use of heroin among other jazz musicians in an attempt to achieve his genius Died at the age of 34 due to pneumonia and a bleeding ulcer, all made worse due to his heroin and alcohol abuse

51 Salt Peanuts (1945)

52 Ko-Ko (1946)

53 Anthropology (1946)

54 Now s the Time (1946)

55 Orinthology (1946)

56 Yardbird Suite (1946)

57 Scrapple From the Apple (1950)

58 Virtuoso trumpet player and many would say the greatest ever Most ardent teacher and disseminator of bop Dizzy Gillespie ( ) Founder of Afro-Cuban or Latin Jazz Died of pancreatic cancer

59 A Night in Tunisia (1942)

60 Groovin High (1945)

61 Manteca (1946)

62 Bloomdido (1940s)

To highlight Armstrong s versatility as a great entertainer and ambassador of goodwill in the twilight of his career.

To highlight Armstrong s versatility as a great entertainer and ambassador of goodwill in the twilight of his career. LESSON PLANS act 6 Ambassador Satch, Superb Entertainer: 1950 1971 Music on accompanying CD: Mack the Knife; I Got Plenty O Nuttin, Duke s Place, Hello, Dolly, and What a Wonderful World. PROCEDURE 1.