MANUAL D'AUTOAPRENENTATGE DE L'ANGLÈS

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1 MANUAL D'AUTOAPRENENTATGE DE L'ANGLÈS Aquest manual està més orientat a la pràctica que a grans explicacions gramaticals. Per tant, qui vulgui aprofundir més en aquests temes necessitarà l'ajut d'una gramàtica bilingüe. Totes les activitats es poden treballar davant de l'ordinador i, molt millor, si és possible, amb un company/a per a practicar els exercicis de parlar. També pots imprimir els fulls i/o enviar-te'ls per . És aconsellable no fer més d'una pàgina o dues per dia, practicar-ho molt i repetir tot allò que sigui necessari. No és aconsellable treballar més d'una hora seguida. Més val fer menys coses i, si pot ser, de manera regular: cada dia tres quarts d'hora és ideal. D'aquesta manera pots aconseguir una base bona d'anglès, o repassar el què ja saps i aprendre més coses. Ànims, no és tan difícil! Això és el que aprendràs: 1. BASIC PRONUNCIATION RULES (= regles bàsiques de pronunciació) COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES, NUMBERS, ALPHABET AND THE TIME (=estratègies per a comunicar-se, números i l'hora) DIALOG 1: GREETINGS AND INTRODUCING YOURSELF (1r diàleg: saludar i presentar-se) WHO ARE YOU? (= Qui ets?) BASIC VOCABULARY IN ENGLISH (= vocabulari bàsic en anglès) EVERY DAY SITUATIONS - 1st part (= situacions de la vida quotidiana) At the café/restaurant; school and work; hobbies (= a la cafeteria/ restaurant; escola i treball; aficions) Asking for directions; buying a ticket; expressing opinions (= preguntar direccions; comprar un bitllet; expressar opinions) EVERY DAY SITUATIONS - 2 nd part (= situacions de la vida quotidiana 2a part) What do you do every day? (= Què fas cada dia?)

2 7.2. What are you doing now? (= Què estàs fent ara?) What have you done today? (= Què has fet avui?) What did you do yesterday? (= Què vas fer ahir?) What will you do tomorrow? (= Què faràs demà?) EVERY DAY SITUATIONS - 3 rd part (= situacions de la vida quotidiana 3a part) Making appoitments and phone calls (= cites i converses telefòniques) To book a room in a hotel (= reservar una habitació en un hotel) Emergency situations: asking for help, accident, health problem and robbery. (= situacions d'emergència: demanar ajuda, accident, problema de salut i robatori)

3 1. BASIC PRONUNCIATION RULES (= regles bàsiques de pronunciació) No importa si no entens el significat d'aquestes paraules. Aquests exercicis són només per anar agafant la pronunciació: vowels (vocals) International Phonetic Alphabet semblant a una a /a:/ a llarga /æ/ entre a i e /ε/ e oberta cup, luck arm, father cat, black met, bed /ə/ com la a neutra del català away, cinema sembla una mica la a neutra, però no és igual. Cal practicar; els anglesos no pronuncien la r i els americans sí /i/ i curta; sembla quasi una e /i:/ i llarga o oberta com el català /o:/ o tancada i més llarga /u/ u curta /u:/ u llarga /ai/ ai /au/ au /ou/ ou ea(r); la r la pronuncien més els americans /ei/ ei ia(r) /oi/ oi ua(r) turn, learn hit, sitting see, heat hot, rock call, four put, could blue, food five, eye now, out go, home where, air say, eight near, here boy, join sure, tourist words (= paraules) 3

4 consonants International Phonetic Alphabet /b/ b /d/ d /f/ f /g/ g /h/ h /j/ que es pronuncia y /k/ bad, lab did, lady find, if give, flag how, hello yes, yellow cat, back /l / l leg, little /m/ m man, lemon /n / no, ten n nasal sing, finger /p / p pet, map /r / r red, try /s / s sun, miss sh t ch com castellà una z com una d molt suau posant la llengua entre les dents de dalt i de baix com una f sonora; vibra la gola com una u she, crash tea, getting words (= paraules) check, church think, both this, mother voice, five wet, window /z/ (s sonora com català) zoo, lazy com la g d'agenda en català com garatge en català pleasure, vision just, large 4

5 MORE PRONUNCIATION(=més pronunciació) Aquestes són paraules sovint difícils per a nosaltres per a pronunciar. Pronuncia-les tal i com s'indica aquí: a (a llarga): are, father oe (ou): goes a (ei): name, favourite (féivurit) ou (u): you, would (uud), could (kud), i (i): live, mistery should (shud) i (ai): I, night (nait), like ou (au): pronounce, bounce ee (i llarga): feel (fiil) ow(ou): slowly o (o): on ow(au): how, brown o (u): do alk (o): talk (toc), walk (uok) u, ou (a): ugly, bus, young all(ol): tall, small ai; ay (ei): Spain, playing, rain, say air (ea): hair, chair ea (normalment i llarga): speak, please, repeat eyes (ais) ea (però de vegades és ei): break married (mérid) oe (a): does ed (t): worked (uorkt), talked (tokt) 2. COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES, NUMBERS, ALPHABET AND THE TIME (=estratègies per a comunicar-se, números i l'hora) Pronuncia aquestes frases seguint les normes de pronunciació anteriors: Excuse me, can you repeat please? = perdó, pots repetir, si us plau? Speak slowly, please! = parla a poc a poc What does... mean? = què vol dir...? Excuse me, I have a question. = perdó, tinc una pregunta. How do you say... in English? = com es diu... en anglès? How do you spell...? = com es lletreja/ s'escriu...? How do you pronounce...? = com es pronuncia...? yes= sí no= no hello= hola goodbye/ bye = adéu thank you/ thanks= gràcies thank you very much= moltes gràcies you're welcome= de res (literalment, però, vol dir: ets benvingut/da) NÚMEROS EN ANGLÈS: ALFABET: L'HORA: 5

6 3. DIALOG 1: GREETINGS AND INTRODUCING YOURSELF (=1r diàleg: saludar i presentar-se) 1. Treballeu en parelles i pregunta al teu company/a el següent: a) - Hello. How are you? (= Hola. Com estàs?) b) - Fine, thank you/ I'm ok. And you? (= Bé, gràcies/ Estic bé. I tu?) a) - Me too. What's your name?/ Who are you? (= Jo també. Com et dius?/ Qui ets?) b) - I'm.../ My name's... And you? (= Jo sóc.../ El meu nom és I tu?) a) - How old are you? (= Quants anys tens?) b) - I'm...(years old) (= Tinc (anys)) a) - Where are you from? / Where do you come from? (= D'on ets?/ D'on vens?) b) - I'm from.../ I come from... And you? (= Sóc de.../ Vinc de I tu?) a) - Where do you live?/ What's your address? (= On vius?/ Quina és la teva adreça?) What's your phone number? Your mobile number? (= Quin és el teu número de telèfon? El teu mòbil?) b) - I live in.../ My address is.../ My phone number is.../ My mobile number is (= Visc a.../ La meva adreça és.../ El meu número de telèfon és.../ El meu mòbil és...) a) - What do you like?/ What are your hobbies?/ What do you do in your free time? (= Què t'agrada?/ Quines són les teves aficions?/ Què fas en el teu temps lliure?) b) - I like.../ My hobbies are... sports, listening to music, internet and going out with friends. (= M'agrada.../ Les meves aficions són esports, escoltar música, internet i sortir amb amics) a) - Do you like...?/ Are you interested in...? (= T'agrada?/ Estàs interessat/ da en?) b) - Yes, I like.../ No, I don't like.../ Yes, I'm interested in.../ No, I'm not interested in... And you? (= Sí, m'agrada.../ No, no m'agrada.../ Sí, estic interessat/da en.../ No, no estic interessat/da. I tu?) a) - What's your favourite music? (= Quina és la teva música preferida?) b) - My favourite music is (= La meva música preferida és...) a) - What music groups and singers do you like? (= Quins grups i cantants t'agraden?) b) - I like (= M'agrada/ agraden ) 6

7 2. Ara presenta't davant dels teus companys i presenta també el teu company/a: Hello. I am.../ My name is... (= Hola. Jo sóc.../ El meu nom és...) I am from... / I come from... (= Jo sóc de / Jo vinc de ) I am... years old (= Tinc anys) My hobbies are... / I like... (= Les meves aficions són.../ M'agrada ) My favourite music is... / My favourite music stars are...(= La meva música preferida és.../ Les meves estrelles musicals preferides són ) She is / he is (= ella/ ell és ) Her name is.../ his name is... (= el nom d'ella/ d'ell és ) She is from... / he is from... (= Ella/ Ell és de...) She comes from.../ he comes from... (= Ella/ ell ve de ) She is / He is... years old (= Ella/ Ell té anys) Her hobbies are / his hobbies are... (= Les aficions d'ella/ d'ell són ) She likes / he likes... (= A ella/ a ell li agrada ) Her favourite music is / his favourite music is... / Her favourite music stars are / his favourite music stars are...(= La música preferida d'ella/ d'ell és.../ Les estrelles musicals preferides d'ella/ d'ell són...) 4. WHO ARE YOU? (= Qui ets?) 1- El teu company/a és un personatge famós o algú que tu coneixes molt bé. Fes-li preguntes per descobrir qui és: - Are you from Spain/ Catalonia/ The USA...? - No, I'm not from.../ Yes, I'm from... (= Ets d'espanya/ Catalunya/ Els Estats Units?) (= No, jo no sóc de.../ Sí, jo sóc de...) - Where are you from? - I'm from... (= D'on ets?) (= Jo sóc de...) - Do you live in...? - No, I don't live in.../ Yes, I live in (= Vius tu a?) (No, jo no visc a.../ Sí, jo visc a...) - Where do you live? - I live in (= On vius?) (= Jo visc a...) - Are you a singer? - No, I'm not a singer./ Yes, I'm a (= Ets tu un/a cantant?) (= No, jo no sóc un/a cantant/sí, jo sóc un/a...) politician/ sportswoman/ sportsman (football player, tennis player, basketball player...)? (= polític/a/ dona esportista/ home esportista (jugador/a de futbol/ tennis/ bàsquet...?) top-model/ tv star/ cinema star / an actress/ actor? (= top model/ estrella de televisió/ de cinema/ una actriu/ actor?) student/ teacher? (= estudiant/ professor/a?) - Are you young/ old? - No, I'm not.../ Yes, I'm (= Ets tu jove/ vell/a?) (= No, jo no sóc.../ Sí, jo sóc...) attractive/ ugly/ intelligent/ stupid? (= atractiu o atractiva/ lleig o lletja/ intel.ligent/ estúpid o estúpida?) tall/ small/ fat/ thin? (= alt o alta/ baix o baixa/ gras o grassa/ prim o prima?) (continua a la pàgina següent) 7

8 - Are you married/ single/ separated/ divorced...? (= Ets tu casat o casada/ solter o soltera/ separat o separada/ divorciat o divorciada?) - friendly / unfriendly? (= amistós/ amistosa?) - How old are you? - I'm... (years old) (= Quants anys tens tu?) (= Jo tinc (anys) - Do you have blond/ dark hair? - No, I don't have.../ Yes, I have (= Tens tu cabell ros/ fosc?) (= No, jo no tinc.../ Sí, jo tinc...) blue/ brown/ green eyes? (= ulls blaus/ marrons/ verds?) any children? (= nens o fills?) - Do you like music/ sport/ TV/ books? - No, I don't like.../ Yes, I like (= T'agrada la música/ l'esport/ TV/ llibres?) (= No, no m'agrada.../ Sí, m'agrada...) - What are your hobbies? - My hobbies are.../ I like (= Quines són les teves aficions?) (= Les meves aficions són.../ M'agrada...) - What are your favourite songs? - My favourite songs are (= Quines són les teves cançons preferides?) (= Les meves cançons preferides són...) - Can you sing/ play football...? - No, I can't.../ Yes, I can (= Pots o saps cantar/ jugar a futbol?) (= No, no puc o no en sé/ Sí, jo puc o sé...) 2- Ara presenta el teu company/a a la classe per veure si algú pot descobrir qui és: She/ He is from (= Ella/ Ell és de ) She/ He lives in...(= Ella/ Ell viu a...) She/ He is... (years old) (= Ella/ Ell té (anys)) Her/ his hobbies are (= Les aficions d'ella/ d'ell són ) Her/ his favourite songs are (= Les cançons preferides d'ella/ d'ell són ) She/ He has blond hair/ dark hair. (= Ella/ Ell té el cabell ros/ el cabell fosc) She/ He can...(= Ella/ Ell pot o sap...) Per saber com es diu cada país (=country), l'adjectiu (= adjective) i el nom de la persona d'aquell país (noun): 8

9 5. BASIC VOCABULARY IN ENGLISH (1) Adjectives (adjectius) friendly/ unfriendly (simpàtic(a)/ antipàtic(a)) intelligent/ stupid (intel.ligent/tonto(a)) good-looking/ ugly (guapo(a)/ lleig/ lletja) interesting/ boring (avorrit/da) short/ tall (baix/ alt) fat/ thin (gras/prim) young/ old (jove/vell) strict/ easy-going (estricte/ de bon rotllo) dark-haired/ blond-haired (de cabell fosc/ros) Hobbys (aficions) listening to music (escoltar música) playing with the computer (jugar amb l'ordinador) meeting friends (trobar-se amb amics) playing football (jugar a futbol) going to the cinema/ to the disco (anar al cine/ a la disco) reading (llegir) watching TV (veure la tele) travelling (viatjar) dancing (ballar) Eating and drinking (menjar i beure) Colours (colors) bread (pa) red (vermell) water (aigua) blue (blau) milk (llet) green (verd) fruit (fruita) yellow (groc) vegetables (verdura) orange (taronja) fish (peix) brown (marró) meat (carn) pink (rosa) noodles, pasta (pasta) black (negre) beer (cervesa) white (blanc) wine (vi) grey, gray (gris) ice-cream (gelat) violet (violeta) potatoes (patates) coffee (cafè) tea (tè) Family (família) cake (pastís) chocolate (xocolata) mother (mare) cheese (formatge) father (pare) ham (pernil) sister (germana) sausages (salsitxes, embotit) brother (germà) sandwich (entrepà) uncle (tiet) coca-cola, coke (coca-cola) aunt (tieta) cousin (cosí/cosina) parents (mare i pare) Sports (esports) grandmother (àvia) grandfather (avi) volleyball (voleibol) grandparents (àvis) tennis mother-in-law (sogra) football (futbol) father-in-law (sogre) swimming (nedar) brother-in-law (cunyat) cycling (anar en bici) sister-in-law (cunyada) basketball (bàsquet) son (fill) skiing (esquiar) daughter (filla) riding a horse (muntar a cavall) children (nens/nenes, fills/filles) aerobics (aeròbic) 9

10 BASIC VOCABULARY IN ENGLISH (2) The house living-room (sala d'estar) dining-room (menjador) kitchen (cuina) bedroom (dormitori) bathroom, toilet (lavabo) door (porta) window (finestra) table (taula) chair (cadira) bed (llit) sofa (sofà) lamp (làmpara) shelf (prestatge) television computer (ordinador) cupboard (armari) refrigerator, fridge (nevera) garage (garatge) balcony (balcó) terrace (terrassa) Body parts head (cap) eyes (ulls) mouth (boca) ears (orelles) face (cara) hair (cabells) shoulders (espatlles) throat (coll) nose (nas) back (esquena) breast (pit) stomach, belly (panxa) legs (cames) knees (genolls) feet (peus) hands (mans) fingers (dits de les mans) Clothes (roba) jacket (jaqueta) trousers, pants (pantalons) sweater, pullover (jersei) blouse (brusa) shirt (camisa d'home) socks (mitjons) shoes (sabates) dress (vestit) suit (vestit d'home) skirt (faldilla) tights (mitges) hat (barret) cap (gorra) coat (abric) scarf (bufanda) t-shirt (samarreta) trainers (bambes) track suit (xandall) trunks (vestit de bany d'home) swimsuit (banyador) underwear (roba interior) How much is it?(quant costa/val...?) Euros (tants euros) cheap / expensive (barat/car) The city (ciutat) train station (estació de tren) chemist, pharmacy (farmàcia) police station (comissaria) school (escola) university (universitat) restaurant street (carrer) hospital post office (correus) supermarket (supermercat) bank (banc) bakery (forn de pa) bar hotel hairdresser (perruqueria) church (església) crossing (encreuament de carrers) bridge (pont) straight on, straight ahead (tot recte) left/ right (esquerra/dreta) Sorry, where's the post office? (Perdó, on és correus?) straight on and left (tot recte i a l'esquerra) 10

11 BASIC VOCABULARY IN ENGLISH (3) School subjects (assignatures) Communication (comunicació) mathematics, maths (matemàtiques, mates) Do you like fish? Yes/ No (t'agrada el peix? Si/No) social science (ciències socials) I like (m'agrada... ) natural science (ciències naturals) Do you like listening to music? (t'agrada escoltar música?) biology (biologia) I like playing basketball. And you? physics (física) Can you repeat, please? (pots repetir si us plau?) chemistry (química) Can you speak slowly? (pots parlar a poc a poc?) English (anglès) How do you say... in English? (com es diu... en anglès?) Catalan (català) What's play in Catalan/ Spanish? (com es diu play en?) Spanish (castellà) Can you spell...? (pots lletrejar...?) physical education (educació física) How do you write table? (com escrius table?) music (música) How do you pronounce this word? (com pronuncies art (art o visual i plàstica) aquesta paraula?) technology (treballs com tecno) I.T. computer science (informàtica) religion(religió) philosophy (filosofia) ethics (ètica) Verbs be (ser o estar): I am/ you are/ she/ he is/ we are/ you are/ they are (jo sóc o estic/ tu ets o estàs/ ella/ell és o està/ nosaltres som o estem/ vosaltres sou o esteu/ ells o elles són o estan) I'm= I am; you're= you are; she's= she is; he's= he is; we're= we are; you're= you are; they're= they are come (venir, ser de): I come from London (jo vinc de Londres) You come from New York (tu vens de Nova York) She comes from Barcelona (ella ve de Barcelona) He comes from (ell ve de...) live (viure): Where do you live? (on vius?) have (tenir o haver): I have a new CD (jo tinc un CD nou)/ You have (tu tens ) My friend has (el meu amic o amiga té...) like ( agradar): I like sport and music (m'agrada l'esport i la música)/ she/he likes films and theatre (a ella/ ell li agraden les pel.lícules i el teatre) I'd like, you'd like... ( m'agradaria, t'agradaria...) play (jugar o tocar un instrument) I'm playing football now (estic jugant a futbol ara); You're playing the guitar (tu estàs tocant la guitarra) work (treballar) Where do you work? (on treballes?) go (anar) Do you go to the cinema? (vas tu al cine?) I go to (vaig a...) eat (menjar) I eat fish (jo menjo peix) Do you eat salad? (menges tu amanida?) drink (beure) Do you drink water? (beus tu aigua) No, I drink (no, jo bec...) Diccionari català-anglès: Pàgina de les conjugacions dels verbs: 11

12 6. EVERY DAY SITUATIONS AT THE CAFÉ/ RESTAURANT - Good morning/ good afternoon/ good evening. What would you like? = Bon dia/ bona tarda. Què voldries tu?/ voldria vostè? - I would like a bottle of mineral water/ a coke/ a pizza/ a cheese sandwich/ some salad... = Jo voldria una ampolla d'aigua mineral/ una Coca-Cola/ una pizza/ un entrepà de formatge/ una amanida... - How much is it/ How much does it cost? = Quant val això? -... euros = tants euros - cheap = barat/ expensive = car - Do you have...? = Té vostè/ tens tu...? - No, I'm sorry. We don't have any beer/ soup/ salad... = No, ho sento. No tenim... - Could you bring me the bill, please? = cobrim/ cobra'm, si us plau! - I'd like to pay for everything together/ separately = voldria pagar-ho tot junt/ per separat - Can I pay by credit card/ with cash? = puc pagar amb targeta de crèdit?/ en efectiu? - Thank you (very much) = (moltes) gràcies - You're welcome = de res - (Good)bye! = adéu SCHOOL AND WORK - What do you do? = Què fas?/ què fa vostè? - I'm studying... in...= estudio... en... - I work as a... in...= treballo de... en... - I'm a secondary school student, a singer, an engineer, a teacher, a football player, an actor/ actress, an architect... (Jo sóc un alumne/ a de secundària, un/a cantant, un enginyer/a, un professor/a,...) - I work with...= treballo amb... a woman. Her name's... She's... (una dona. El nom d'ella és... Ella és...) a man. His name's... He's... (un home. El nom d'ell és... Ell és...) a music group... (un grup de música...) - I work in television/ on the radio/ in a soap opera /on a music programme / on a sports programme (jo treballo a la TV/ a la ràdio/ en una sèrie/ en un programa musical/ en un programa d'esports ) HOBBIES - What are your hobbies? = Quines aficions tens? Quines aficions té vostè? - Do you like... singing/ listening to music/ dancing/ playing basketball...? = t agrada...? li agrada a vostè...? - I like.../ I don't like... = m agrada.../ no m'agrada... - What's a very good hobby?... = què és una bona afició?... - My favourite person is... She/ he is... She/ he has... = la meva persona preferida és... Ella/ ell és... Ella/ ell té... - She/ he works in the soap opera.../ on the TV programme.../ was in the film... = ella/ ell treballa a la sèrie.../ en el programa de televisió.../ a la pel.lícula...) 12

13 ASKING FOR DIRECTIONS = preguntar direccions city = ciutat (gran, com Barcelona)/ town = ciutat (petita, com Sant Boi) - Excuse me, where is the train station? / Where is the...? = perdó, on és l'estació de tren? - Straight on / Straight ahead = tot recte/ left =a l'esquerra/ right = a la dreta - Can you repeat please? = ho pot vostè/ ho pots tu repetir, si us plau? - Can you speak more slowly please? = pot vostè/ pots tu parlar més a poc a poc? - Yes,... = sí,... - Thank you (very much)/ thanks (very much) = (moltes) gràcies - You're welcome = de res - (Good)bye! = adéu BUYING A TICKET = comprar un bitllet - Good morning/ Good afternoon/ Good evening, I would like a ticket to...= bon dia, voldria un bitllet a... - Excuse me, how much is a ticket to...? How much does a ticket to... cost? = perdó, quant val un bitllet a...? -... euros.=... euros - I would like a one way ticket to..., please. = un bitllet d'anada a..., si us plau. / return ticket = bitllet de tornada/ single and return = anada i tornada - What time is the next train/ bus/ tram/ flight to...? = A quina hora surt el tren/ autobús/ tramvia/ vol cap a...? - at 8.23 am/ pm = a les 8.23h del matí/ del vespre - which platform? = quina via? - platform number... = via número... - which gate? = quina porta (avió)? - gate number... = porta número... ATENCIÓ: a partir d'aquí, aquest manual no té més fitxers àudio. Per poder escoltar la pronunciació només cal teclejar allò que un vol pronunciar fent servir webs com aquesta: En l'opció SELECT A VOICE, selecciona una veu en anglès i finalment, a sota de TYPE YOUR TEXT HERE, enganxa-hi el text que vols saber com pronunciar. EXPRESSING OPINIONS = expressar opinions - Do you agree with...? = estàs d'acord amb...? - I agree (with).../ I disagree (with)..../ I don't agree (with)... = estic d'acord (amb)... / estic en desacord (amb).../ no estic d'acord (amb)... - What do you think about...? = què penses sobre...? - I think.../ My opinion is... = penso que.../ la meva opinió és... - I'm in favour of.../ I'm against... = estic a favor de.../ estic en contra de... 13

14 7.. EVERY DAY SITUATIONS - 2 nd part (= situacions de la vida quotidiana 2a part) What do you do every day? Ask your partner. ( = Què fas cada dia? Pregunta al teu company/a) a) - What do you do every day? (= Què fas cada dia?) When / What time do you usually get up? (= Quan/ A quina hora t'aixeques normalment?) b) - I get up at seven or quarter past seven. And you? (= M'aixeco a les set o a un quart de vuit. I tu?) a) - At (= a les ) What time do you have breakfast? (= A quina hora esmorzes?) b) - I have breakfast at...(= esmorzo a les ) a) - What do you eat for breakfast? (= Què esmorzes?) b) - I eat and drink.(= Menjo i bec.) a) - What time do you go to work/ to school?(= A quina hora vas a treballar/ a l'escola/ institut?) b) - I go to work/ to school at (= Vaig a treballar / a l'escola/ institut a les ) a) - When do you have lunch? (= Quan dines?) b) - I have lunch at ( = Dino a les ) a) - What do you eat for lunch? (= Què menges per dinar?) b) - I usually eat and drink (= Normalment menjo i bec ) a) - What do you do after work/ school? (= Què fas després de la feina/ de l'escola/ institut?) b) - I do some sport. (= faig una mica d'esport)/ I go shopping. (= vaig a comprar)/ I watch TV.(= veig la tv)/ I meet friends. (= em trobo amb amics) a) - What time do you eat dinner? (= A quina hora sopes?) b) - I eat dinner at b) - What do you eat for dinner? (= Què sopes?) a) - I usually eat and drink b) - What time do you go to bed? ( A quina hora vas a dormir?) a) - I usually go to bed at... 14

15 Now expand this conversation and say what you don't usually do. (= ara amplia la conversa dient coses que no fas habitualment: Exemples: I don't usually eat lunch at work. (= normalment no dino a la feina)/ I don't get up at... (= no m'aixeco a les...)/ I don't eat... (= no menjo/ I don't drink... (= no bec) / I don't listen to pop music/ rock/ classical music... (= escolto música pop/ rock/ música clàssica... etc. Explain all this to a third person. (= Explica tot això en tercera persona) She/ he gets up at... (ella/ell s'aixeca a les...). She/ he has breakfast at...(ella/ell esmorza a les...) She/he eats... for breakfast and drinks... (ella/ell menja... per esmorzar i beu...), etc... I també les coses que no fa. Exemples: She/he doesn't get up at... (= ella/ell no s'aixeca a les...)/ She/he doesn't eat (= ella/ell no menja...)/ She/he doesn't drink... (= ella/ ell no beu...), etc... Si necessites aprendre o repassar més com funciona el Present Simple, aquí ho trobaràs: I també els principals tipus d'expressions per fer servir en aquest tipus de converses com els frequency adverbs: També trobaràs les diferències de com s'utilitzen els 2 presents d'anglès: Present Simple i Present Continuous, com es diuen les hores, preguntar per anar a un lloc i les parts del cos: What are you doing now? Ask your partner. (= Què estàs fent ara? Pregunta al teu company/a) I'm writing = estic escrivint/ I'm speaking = estic parlant, etc... Are you listening to me? = m'estàs escoltant? Yes, I'm listening to you. = sí, t'estic escoltant. No, I'm not listening to you. = no, no t'estic escoltant. Etc... He's writing = ell està escrivint./ She's speaking = ella està parlant/ She's not listening to you = ella no t'està escoltant,... etc. Typical time expressions to use in these conversations. (expressions típiques de temps per fer servir en aquestes converses) now = ara; at this moment = en aquest moment (exemple: I'm drinking coffee now = ara estic bevent cafè) 15

16 7.3. What have you done today? Ask your partner. (= Què has fet avui? Pregunta al teu company/a) a) - When / What time have you got up? (= Quan/ A quina hora t'has aixecat?) b) - I have got up at... And you? (= M''he aixecat a les... I tu?) a) - At (= a les ) What time have you eaten breakfast? (= A quina hora has esmorzat?) b) I have eaten breakfast at...(= He esmorzat a les ) a) - What have you eaten for breakfast? (= Què has esmorzat?) b) I've eaten and drunk.(= He menjat i begut.) a) - What time have you gone to work/ to school?(= A quina hora has anat a treballar/ a l'escola/ institut?) b) I've gone to work/ to school at (= He anat a treballar / a l'escola/ institut a les ) a) - When have you had lunch? (= Quan has dinat?) b) I've had lunch at ( = He dinat a les ) a) - What have you eaten for lunch? (= Què has menjat per dinar?) b) I've eaten and drunk (= He menjat i begut ) a) - What have you done after work/ school? (= Què has fet després de la feina/ de l'escola/ institut?) b) - I've done some sport. (= he fet una mica d'esport)/ I've gone shopping. (= he anat a comprar)/ I've watched TV.(= he vist la tv)/ I've met friends. (= m'he trobat amb amics) a) - What time have you eaten dinner? (= A quina hora has sopat?) b) - I've eaten dinner at b) - What have you eaten for dinner? (= Què has sopat?) a) I've eaten and drunk Expand this conversation and say what you haven't done. (= Amplia la conversa dient coses que no has fet.) Exemples: Today I haven't eaten lunch at work. (= avui no he dinat a la feina)/ I haven't got up at... (= no m'he aixecat a les...)/ I haven't eaten... (= no he menjat/ I haven't drunk... (= no he begut) / I haven't listened to pop music/ rock/ classical music... etc. 16

17 Now explain all this to a third person. (ara explica tot això a una tercera persona) She/ he has got up at... (ella/ell s'ha aixecat a les...). She/ he has had breakfast at...(ella/ell ha esmorzat a les...) She/he has eaten... for breakfast and drunk... (ella/ell ha menjat... per esmorzar i begut...), etc... I les coses que no ha fet: She/ he hasn't got up at.../ She/he hasn'teaten... for breakfast./ She/he hasn't drunk..., etc... Typical time expressions to use in these conversations. (expressions típiques de temps per fer servir en aquestes converses) this morning = aquest matí; today = avui; this week = aquesta setmana; this month = aquest mes; this year = aquest any (exemple: This morning I've had breakfast at nine. = aquest matí he esmorzat a les nou) Per saber millor com funciona el Present Perfect consulta aquí: 17

18 7.4. What did you do yesterday? Ask your partner. (= Què vas fer ahir? Pregunta al teu company/a) a) - When / What time did you get up? (= Quan/ A quina hora et vas aixecar?) b) - I got up at... And you? (= Em vaig aixecar a les... I tu?) a) - At (= a les ) What time did you eat breakfast? (= A quina hora vas esmorzar?) b) I ate breakfast at...(= Vaig esmorzar a les ) a) - What did you eat for breakfast? (= Què vas esmorzar?) b) I ate and drunk.(= Vaig menjar i beure.) a) - What time did you go to work/ to school?(= A quina hora vas anar a treballar/ a l'escola/ institut?) b) I went to work/ to school at (= Vaig anar a treballar / a l'escola/ institut a les ) a) When did you have lunch? (= Quan vas dinar?) b) I had lunch at ( = Vaig dinar a les ) a) - What did you eat for lunch? (= Què vas menjar per dinar?) b) I ate and drunk (= Vaig menjar i beure ) a) - What did you do after work/ school? (= Què vas fer després de la feina/ de l'escola/ institut?) b) I did some sport. (= vaig fer una mica d'esport)/ I went shopping. (= vaig anar a comprar)/ I watched TV.(= vaig veure la tv)/ I met friends. (= em vaig trobar amb amics) a) - What time did you eat dinner? (= A quina hora vas sopar?) b) I ate dinner at b) - What did you eat for dinner? (= Què vas sopar?) a) I ate and drunk b) - What time did you go to bed? ( A quina hora vas anar a dormir?) a) - I went to bed at... Explain what you didn't do. (= explica què no vas fer) Exemples: I didn't get up at... (= no em vaig aixecar a les...)/ I didn't eat (= no vaig menjar...)/ I didn't drink... (= no vaig veure...), etc... Now tell everything in a third person. (= ara explica-ho tot en tercera persona) She/he didn't get up at... She/he got up at... She/he didn't eat... She/he ate... etc... Més sobre com funciona el Simple Past: 18

19 7. 5. What will you do tomorrow? Ask your partner. (= Què faràs demà? Pregunta al teu company/a) a) - When / What time will you get up? (= Quan/ A quina hora t'aixecaràs?) b) I will get up at... And you? (= M'aixecaré a les... I tu?) a) - At (= a les ) What time will you eat breakfast? (= A quina hora vas esmorzar?) b) I'll eat breakfast at...(= Esmorzaré a les ) a) - What will you eat for breakfast? (= Què esmorzaràs?) b) I'll eat and drink.(= Menjaré i beuré.) a) - What time will you go to work/ to school?(= A quina hora aniràs a treballar/ a l'escola/ institut?) b) I 'll go to work/ to school at (= Aniré a treballar / a l'escola/ institut a les ) a) When will you have lunch? (= Quan dinaràs?) b) I 'll have lunch at ( = Dinaré a les ) a) - What will you eat for lunch? (= Què menjaràs per dinar?) b) I'll eat and drink (= Menjaré i beuré ) a) - What will you do after work/ school? (= Què faràs després de la feina/ de l'escola/ institut?) b) I'll do some sport. (= faré una mica d'esport)/ I'll go shopping. (= aniré a comprar)/ I'll watch TV.(= veuré la tv)/ I'll meet friends. (= em trobaré amb amics) a) - What time will you eat dinner? (= A quina hora soparàs?) b) I'll eat dinner at b) - What will you eat for dinner? (= Què soparàs?) a) I'll eat and drink b) - What time will you go to bed? ( A quina hora aniràs a dormir?) a) I'll go to bed at... 19

20 Expand this conversation and say what you won't do and things a third person won't do either. (= Amplia la conversa dient coses que no faràs tu i coses que tampoc farà una tercera persona.) 1. I will not eat = no menjaré 2. I won't eat = no menjaré LA ÚNICA DIFERÈNCIA ÉS QUE LA FORMA ES CONTRAU PERÒ VOL DIR EL MATEIX Exemples: Tomorrow I won't eat lunch at work. (= demà no dinaré a la feina)/ I won't get up at... (= no m'aixecaré a les...)/ Maria won't eat... (= la Maria no menjarà...) She won't drink... etc. (= ella no beurà... etc) John won't listen to pop music (= el John no escoltarà música pop) He won't go shopping (= ell no anirà a comprar), etc. Future going to: és l'altra manera d'expressar futur, sobretot per plans que ja hem establert: Tomorrow I'm going to eat lunch at work. (= demà dinaré a la feina) Més explicacions i exercicis: 20

21 8. EVERY DAY SITUATIONS - 3 rd part (= situacions de la vida quotidiana 3a part) 8.1. Making appoitments and phone calls. (= concertar cites i converses telefòniques) a) Hello, is Ms (miss)/ Mr (mister) X there? ( = hola, hi ha la senyora/ el senyor X?)/ May/can I speak to Ms./Mr X, please? (= puc parlar amb la senyora/ el senyor X, si us plau?) b) Hello, this is Devin speaking. (= hola, sóc Devin parlant, en el sentit de jo mateix/a) a) How are you, Devin?(= com estàs, Devin?) b) Fine, thanks. And you? (= bé, gràcies i tu?) a) I'm fine too. ( = també bé). By the way, do you have time tomorrow at ten in the morning? (= per cert, tens temps demà a les 10 del matí?) b) What for?/ Why? (= per a què?/ per què?) a) I have a problem with... Can you help me? (= tinc un problema amb... Em pots ajudar?) I need... (= necessito...) We can go to the cinema. There's a good film./ We can meet for a coffee./ We can go to...( podem anar al cine. Hi ha una bona pel.lícula/ Podem trobar-nos per prendre un cafè/ Podem anar a...) b) Yes, good idea. Where shall we meet? (= sí, bona idea. On ens trobem?) a) Let's meet at... (= trobem-nos a...) b) Ok, see you then. Bye! (= ok, ens veiem llavors. Adéu!) a) Bye! Però si la persona no pot quedar aquell dia i aquella hora, s'ha de buscar una alternativa: a) No, I'm sorry, I can't meet you tomorrow at this time. What about Thursday at quarter past six in the evening? (no, ho sento. No puc quedar amb tu demà a aquesta hora. Què et sembla dijous a un quart de set al vespre?) b) Thursday, quarter past six in the evening? Ok. (= dijous, un quart de set del vespre? D'acord) Alternativa 2: No, I can't. I'm sorry. But do you have time on Friday in the evening, at half past seven? (= no, no puc. Ho sento. Però tens temps divendres al vespre, a dos quarts de vuit?) a) Yes, ok. (= sí, d'acord) 21

22 Però si truques a la persona i no hi és passarà això: a) Hello, is Ms (miss)/ Mr (mister) X there? ( = hola, hi ha la senyora/ el senyor X?)/ May/can I speak to Ms./Mr X, please? (= puc parlar amb la senyora/ el senyor X, si us plau?) b) Just a minute./ Hold on a minute. (= espera o esperi un moment) Who's calling, please?/ Who's this? Who's speaking? (= amb qui parlo, si us plau?) a) This is.../ My name's... (= sóc.../ el meu nom és...) b) She/ He is not here now. Do you want to leave a message for her/him? (= Ella/ ell no hi és ara. Vols que li deixi a ella/ a ell un missatge?) a) Yes, please. Tell her/him that... (= sí, si us plau, digui-li a ella/ a ell que...)/ No, thank you. I'll call her/him back.(= no, gràcies ja la/el trucaré)/ Can she/ he call me back later? (= em pot trucar ella/ell més tard?) b) Yes, what time? (= sí, a quina hora?) a) At twenty past eight. (= a les vuit i vint) / Around nine. (= al voltant de les nou) O una altra possibilitat és que la persona digui si a qui estàs trucant et pot trucar a tu més tard: b) Can I have her/him call you back? (= vols que ella/ell et truqui/ vol que ella/ell el truqui?) O també: Can she/he call you back? She/he is busy now./ She/he can't come to the phone. (= pot trucar-te o trucar-li ella/ell? Està ocupada/ ocupat ara. Ella/ell no pot venir al telèfon) Per fer aquestes converses repassa els dies de la setmana (= days of the week) i els mesos (= the months): Les hores en anglès: Finalment, si en una conversa no entens el què et diuen recorda que sempre pots fer servir aquestes expressions: Excuse me, can you repeat please? = perdó, pots repetir, si us plau? Yes, I speak a little bit of English. But speak slowly, please! = sí, parlo una mica d'anglès però parla /parli a poc a poc, si us plau1 What does... mean? = què vol dir...? Excuse me, I have a question. = perdó, tinc una pregunta. How do you say... in English? = com es diu... en anglès? How do you spell...? = com es lletreja/ s'escriu...? How do you pronounce...? = com es pronuncia...? 22

23 8.2. To book a room in a hotel. (= reservar una habitació en un hotel) a) Mattison Hotel. How can I help you? (= Hotel Mattison. En què puc ajudar?) a) I'd like to make a reservation for May 12. (= voldria fer una reserva per al 12 de maig)/ Do you have any vacancies for the night(s) from June 4 till June 10? (= teniu places disponibles per les nits del 4 al 10 de juny?)/ I'd like to reserve a room for two people for July 14. (= voldria reservar una habitació per a dues persones pel 14 de juliol) b) Ok, just a moment, please. (= ok, un moment, si us plau). I'm sorry, we're full./ Yes, it's possible. What's your name? (= ho sento, estem plens/ sí, és possible. Com es diu o com et dius?) a) My name's... (= em dic...) b) Sorry, can you spell it, please? (= perdó, pot lletrejar-ho, si us plau?) a) Yes, it's... (= sí, és...) How much is the room per night? (= quant val l'habitació per nit?) b) It's... euros per night. (= són... euros per nit) a) Ok. Is there a toilet with shower in the room? (= hi ha lavabo amb dutxa a l'habitació?) Does the room have a bath? (= té banyera l'habitació?) b) Yes, there is.../ the room has.../ No, but... (= sí, hi ha.../ l'habitació té.../ no, però...) a) No, thank you. It's too expensive for me./ (= no, ho sento, és massa car per mi) Ok. I'll take it. (= d'acord, l'agafaré) b) I need your credit card to hold your reservation. (= necessito el seu número de targeta de crèdit per a fer la reserva) What time will you arrive? (= a quina hora arribaràs o arribarà vostè?) a) At... b) Ok, thank you and see you then. Bye! (= ok, gràcies i ens veiem llavors. Adéu!) a) Bye! room available = habitació disponible; single room = habitació individual; double room = habitació doble; half-board = mitja pensió; full board = pensió completa with breakfast included = amb esmorzar inclòs/ breakfast is not included = esmorzar no inclòs how much is it? = quan val? I mira ara aquest video amb més vocabulari i pronunciació: 23

24 8.3. Emergency situations: asking for help, accident, health problem and robbery. (= situacions d'emergència: demanar ajuda, accident, problema de salut i robatori) - Asking for help = demanar ajuda Help! = ajuda Help me! = ajudeu-me! Fire! = foc Watch out!/ Look out! = compte, vigila o vigileu! Get back! = aparta't o aparteu-vos Call the police! = aviseu la policia! Get an ambulance! = truqueu una ambulància! - Accident a) 112. What are you reporting? (= telèfon d'emergències. Què passa?) b) There's an accident on Route AP 7, after the X turnoff. (= hi ha un accident a l'ap 7, després de la sortida cap a X) a) And where are you calling from? (= i des d'on truqueu?) b) My mobile phone/ my cell phone. (= des del meu mòbil) a) Are there any injuries?/ Are there any injured people?/ Are there any hurt people? (= hi ha persones ferides?)/ Are there any police or highway patrols there yet? (= ja hi ha la policia o les agents de trànsit?) b) No, the accident has just happened. (= no l'accident acaba de passar) a) Okay. We're sending help now. (= d'acord. Enviarem ajuda ara mateix) 24

25 - Accident/ health problems = accident/ problemes de salut a) I feel sick. I'm injured. I need a doctor. (= estic malalt/a. Estic ferit/ ferida. Necessito un metge) b) What's wrong? What's the matter? What happened? (= que va malament? què passa? què ha passat?) Tell me what hurts. (= digue'm o digui què et fa mal/ li fa mal) a) I had an accident. I cut myself with a machine. (= he tingut un accident. M'he tallat amb una màquina.) There's a wood shaving in my eye. (= m'ha entrat una petit tros de fusta/ partícula de fusta a l'ull) Metal shaving = partícula de metall b) Are you okay? (= estàs o està bé?) a) I have a terrible headache/ earache/ stomachache. (= tinc un mal de cap/ d'orella/ d'estòmac terrible) My leg hurts here. (= em fa mal la cama aquí) Arm = braç/ shoulder = espatlla/ heart = cor/ hand = mà/ back = esquena/ leg = cama/ eye = ull/ ear = orella/ nose = nas/ throat = coll/ knee = genoll/ head = cap/ neck = clatell/ mouth = boca/ tooth = dent/ teeth = dents b) Let me examine you. (= permet o permetim que l'examini) Let me take your temperature/ your pulse.(= deixi o deixa que et o li prengui la temperatura/ el pols) You have a fever./ You have normal temperature and good heart rate. (= tens o té febre/ tens o té temperatura normal i bon ritme cardíac) a) My body aches here. (= em fa mal el cos aquí) b) You may have the flu. Any coughing? Breathing problems?sore throat? (= pots o pot tenir la grip. Té o tens tos? Problemes per respirar? Mal de coll?) You need some rest. You need this medicine.(= necessita o necessites descansar/ necessita o necessites aquest medicament) Come back in two days/ in one week/ in one month (= torna o torni dintre de dos dies/ una setmana/ un mes) broken bone = os trencat burn = cremada cut = tall dizzy = marejat/ marejada food poisoning = intoxicació pel menjar nauseous = que té nàuseas cramp = rampa o contracció muscular diarrhea = diarrea sprain = esquinç o un membre del cos torçat scratch = rascada 25

26 - Robbery = robatori Dialogue 1: a) 112. What are you reporting? (= telèfon d'emergències. Què passa o de què ens voleu informar?) b) Hello, this is Anna Smith speaking. There's a robbery happening right now! (= ara mateix està havent-hi un robatori) a) Can you see the robbery? (= pots o pot veure el robatori?) b) Yes. (= sí) a) Where are you?/ Where are you located? (= on ets o és vostè?/ on et podem el podem localitzar?) b) At the Fontana Metro Station./ At the Catalunya Renfe Train Station/ in Rocafort street, number 12. (= a l'estació del metro Fontana/ a l'estació de tren de Renfe Catalunya/ al carrer Rocafort, número 12) a) Can you describe the suspect? (= pots o pot descriure la persona sospitosa?) b) A tall man/ woman/ boy/ girl. A short man... (= un home alt/ dona/ noi/ noia gran/ un home baix...) She/ he's wearing a blue jacket/ grey trousers/ green cap/ brown shoes/ black boots/ white trainers... (= ella/ ell porta posat una jaqueta blava/ pantalons grisos/ gorra verda/ sabates marrons/ botes negres/ vambes blanques..) Blond/ black hair (= cabell ros/ negre) Short/long hair (= cabell curt/ llarg) Blue/brown/ green eyes... (= ulls blaus/ castanys/ verds) Big/ small nose (= nas gran/ petit) a) Any weapons? (= armes?) b) Yes, a gun/ a knife. (= sí, una pistola/ un ganivet) a) Offices are on the way. Please stay on the line. (= la policia ja ve de camí. Si us plau, no pengi) b) Now she/he's running away! (= ara ella/ell s'està escapant!) a) What direction is she/he going? (= cap a on va?) b) To the Corte Inglés/ to X street. (= cap al Cort Inglés/ cap al carrer X) 26

27 - Robbery or theft = assalt o robatori Dialogue 2: a) Hello, this is Peter Brenner speaking. Is that the police? (= hola, sóc el Peter Brenner. Parlo amb la policia?) b) Yes, it is. What's going on?/ What happened?/ What are you reporting? (= sí, és aquí. Què passa?/ Què ha passat?/ De què ens voleu informar?) a) Thieves have broken into my office/ into my shop./ I've just been robbed. Uns lladres han entrat a robar a la meva oficina/ a la meva botiga./ M'acaben de robar.) b) When/ What time has this happened? (= Quan/ a quina hora ha passat això?) a) I don't know. Maybe during the night. (= no ho sé. Potser durant la nit) b) Okay. We'll take care of that.we're sending sending help now. What's the address, please?/ Whera are you located? (= d'acord. Ens n'encarregarem. Ara mateix enviem ajuda. Quina és l'adreça, si us plau?/ On ets o on és vostè?) a) Valllcarca Street, number 32/ Sant Medir Square, number 6/ Francesc Macià Avenue, number 125 (= carrer Vallcarca, núm.32/ Plaça Sant Medir, núm.6/ Avinguda Francesc Macià, número 125) b) Okay, we're coming. (= d'acord, ara venim) Reporting a theft or a robbery (= informant d'un robatori) Més práctica en aquest web amb vídeo, pronunciació i subtítols: I més vocabulari relacionat amb el tema de robatoris: 27

28 Aquest manual d'autoaprenentatge de l'anglès, ha estat realitzat per: Marta Pombo Sallés, any 2014 I amb la col.laboració de: Nicholas Salsbury, Maria Pla, Adam Jaster i Rossana Fulgenzi 28

Notes. N1 B1 Unitat 7 Anem al mercat?

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