KÁBEL-TV RENDSZEREKET GYÁRTÓ ÉS FORGALMAZÓ MAGYAR - AMERIKAI KFT.

Transcription

1 CableWorld Ltd. manufactures cable TV headends in three categories. The middle category CW series headend described here is the ideal central equipment for medium sized systems, delivering signals to several thousands of subscribers. We recommend its use for smaller cities, and large housing estates, villages and institutions. The CW-1000 is the improved and upgraded version of the earlier, very successful HTC-1000 series. The CW-1000 headend offers the following advantageous features: Straightforward, modular, easy-to-operate design, onthe-spot programmability MHz frequency range, vestigial sideband modulation (the adjacent channels can be utilized with the B/G, I, and D/K standards) 32 TV channels in the basic version, extendible up to over 50 TV channels and 24 radio channels Synthesized vision and sound carrier generation with on-the-spot programmable sound carrier frequency (4.5 MHz / 5.5 MHz / 6 MHz / 6.5 MHz) Use of the most up-to-date Philips satellite and terrestrial tuners Off-air programs through IF or base-band (video and sound) according to the customer's requirements Baseband modulators for feeding local programs into the network (the modulators can also be used in the reverse path) Full FM radio signal processing by channel, using programmable FM converters and FM modulators For improving the carrier-to-noise ratio in systems with a high number of channels, channel bandpass filter based selective combining network available One year guarantee; repair service within 24 hours in work-days. KÁBEL-TV RENDSZEREKET GYÁRTÓ ÉS FORGALMAZÓ MAGYAR - AMERIKAI KFT. A HUNGARIAN - AMERICAN LTD. COMPANY FOR MANUFACTURE AND SALES OF CABLE TV EQUIPMENT H-1116 Budapest, Kondorfa u. 6/B, Hungary * Tel.: * Fax: * cworld@axelero.hu * 16/02

2 New Features of the CW-1000 Series The designer engineers working now with CableWorld Ltd developed the HTC-1000 series Pogrammable Headend still at the predecessor company of CableWorld, back in This product became very successful; the past five years have justified their conception of that time. You may already have met this product, maybe you work day by day with this equipment as an operator. However, you may hear about the HTC-1000 series for the first time now. In the following, as we introduce its reworked, improved and upgraded version, we try to make this to be interesting and informative for all of our inquirers. The rapid development of the electronic industry makes it necessary to rework and upgrade the products in any 4 to 5 years or even more frequently. Since we sold quite many systems from the HTC-1000 series in the past five years, the principal point of its reworking was the compatibility of the new system with its predecessor. Here, we would like to calm our customers, the earlier HTC-1000 headends can be used further on, and they can be varied, extended and upgraded with the CW-1000 series units. The continuity is emphasized even with the composition of the model designation; in the CW-1000 system, we maintained and continue the four-digit model numbers, changed have been the letters only, to match our company s model designation system. In the CW-1000 system, all of the system components are intelligent units controlled by their built-in microcontrollers, thus, they can be used as independent instruments, too. The units can be programmed on the spot without any measuring instrument. After switching off the unit, the programmed data are saved in a built-in EEPROM, without battery, for at least 10 years. The programmed data can be modified at any time, the number of permitted reprogrammings is more than 10,000. The CW-1000 system is a modular construction, the system components can be purchased and combined according to the user s requirements, and the system can be extended, reconfigured, reprogrammed at any time. The signal processor units are accommodated in standard 1 module high 19" instrument frames. The processor units include all circuitry for the complete processing of one channel for TV and two channels for FM radio. The satellite TV programs are processed in the SATELLITE TV PROCESSORs, the terrestrial programs in the TV ANTENNA PROCESSORs. Local TV programs as well as video recorder and camera signals can be fed into the system with TV MODULATORs. The terrestrial FM antenna signals are processed in FM ANTENNA PROCESSORs, satellite radio programs and local radio programs can be fed into the system with FM SOUND PROCESSORs. The operating voltage is supplied from a central switching mode power supply. In the course of the upgrading, having maintained the earlier advantageous features, following modifications have been accomplished in the CW-1000 system: The satellite tuner section of the a SATELLITE PROCESSOR has been reworked, the powering of the LNBs became programmable. All of the TV processor units are equipped with a new modulator. The operating frequency range is increased from 300 MHz to 600 MHz permitting much more channels to be transmitted; the sound carrier frequency became programmable. The inputs of the TV MODULATORs are equipped with protection against possible voltage impulses generated at disconnecting the input connectors. A selective combining network of new solution has been developed, resulting in a considerable improvement of the output carrier-to-noise ratio. The new combiner has been developed in mind with the operators' demand to increase the channel capability from the earlier channels to channels. Systems with more than 32 channels are in preparation, too. The nominal output voltage level of the headend has been increased. The central voltage supply has been modified. The power supply modules are not switched parallel in the new system, thus, the units of the headend can be supplied in optional groups. The headend has been prepared for receiving digital signals. The unit converting the MPEG-2 signals to PAL signals is under development. In order to make a further ease in programming, the standard channel frequencies have been stored in the memory. The outer appearance of the units has also been modified, however, to that extent only that they match the earlier products. Finally, the units are delivered in a new environmentfriendly packaging. The microprocessor control and the applied surface mount technology provide stable operation and high reliability. We believe, the users will appreciate the modifications and the CW-1000 series will continue the success of its predecessor, in the next years. 2

3 Reception of Satellite TV Programs 1. SATELLITE TV PROCESSOR CW-1117 The SATELLITE TV PROCESSOR feeds the analogue satellite TV programs into the cable TV system. It demodulates one of the TV programs received in the satellite IF band ( MHz), then transposes it in the desired channel of MHz range, using standard vestigial band modulation. Using the unit, small and medium sized CATV systems can be built, utilizing the adjacent channels, too. The I 2 C bus controlled satellite tuner of the SATELLITE TV PROCESSOR is built of up-to-date components and circuit technology. The satellite receiver has two independently programmable synthesized sound channels, a main sound channel and a stereo sound channel. This latter is equipped with Wegener PANDA compatible noise reduction circuitry. On demand, the unit is available for receiving also FCC standard programs, beyond the CCIR programs. The modulator unit features parallel sound system, the sound carrier frequency is programmable. The vision modulator is equipped with a SAW filter, incorporating B/G standard group delay pre-correction. The SATELLITE TV PROCESSOR can be extended with the following boards: PAL-SECAM TRANSCODER BOARD SECAM-PAL TRANSCODER BOARD CHANGE-OVER BOARD VIDEO GENERATOR BOARD The unit can accommodate only one of the above boards, except for the VIDEO GENERATOR + CHANGE-OVER BOARD assembly. Input signal Output signal Satellite receiver unit Tuner IF bandwidth (on demand Video channel Amplitude response CCIR version FCC version FM vision and sound carriers in the MHz band vision and sound carriers in the MHz band, modulated according to A5C and F3 27 MHz 27/18 and 27/32 MHz) less than 1.5 db 50 Hz to 5.0 MHz 50 Hz to 4.2 MHz Attenuation min. 32 db CCIR version 6.5 to 10 MHz FCC version 5.5 to 10 MHz Differential amplitude at 4.43 MHz max. 5 % Differential phase max. 5 Video de-emphasis acc. to CCIR Rec (on demand FCC version) Dispersion signal suppression min. 40 db Video polarity selected with panel switch Sound channels IF domain Difference of the sound carrier frequencies in the stereo channel MHz (the main channel and the stereo channel can be programmed separately) 180 khz Distortion less than 0.5 % (at 54 % nom. deviation) De-emphasis: in the main sound channel 50 µs / 75 µs (programmable) in the stereo channel adaptive Bandwidth: in the main sound channel 330 khz / 150 khz (programmable) in the stereo channel 150 khz Modulator unit All system components of the CW-1000 system are equipped with the same TV modulator. Its technical data are given in section 4. Frequency band MHz Input signal level dbm Nominal input impedance LNB powering -Supply voltage approx. 14 V (300 ma) -Current limit 350 ma ± 10 % -Short circuit behaviour: Switched-on state approx. 0.8 sec Switched-off state approx. 4 sec Programmable parameters 1. Input frequency 125 khz -Accuracy better than Local osc. frequencies 10 / 9.75 / 10.6 GHz 3. Satellite IF bandwidth 27 MHz (27/18 and 27/32 MHz) 4. LNB power on / off 3

4 Reception of Terrestrial TV Programs 5. Main sound channel -Input frequency raster -Bandwidth -De-emphasis 50 µs / 75 µs -Sum of the stereo R and L channels fed into the main sound channel off / on 6. Stereo sound channel -Input frequency raster -Mode 7. AFC -Mode -Pull-in range -Accuracy 10 khz 150 khz / 330 khz 10 khz mono / stereo off / on ± 6 MHz ± 250 khz 8. Output signal frequency 50 khz -Accuracy better than Sound carrier frequencies 4.5 / 5.5 / 6.0 / 6.5 MHz 10. Output signal off / on 11. Sound carrier off / on 12. Sound carrier deviation 0, -3, -6 and -8 db, (in steps) Type of the connectors -RF input, output IEC (DIN 45325) Physical dimensions CW-1000 series instrument frame, height one module 2. TV ANTENNA PROCESSOR CW-1126 CW-1226 CW-1127 For feeding terrestrial TV signals into the system, the CW-1000 series comprises two different units In the basic case, the signal coming from the antenna is converted to IF (38.9 MHz), in the input tuner. Then, the programmable 600 MHz output converter unit transposes the IF signal in the demanded channel. Depending on the required bandwidth of the channel, two versions are available: the model CW-1126 filters the IF signal using a SAW filter with 8 MHz bandwidth and the model CW-1226 with 7 MHz bandwidth In certain cases, the antenna signal carries disturbing signals of high level or at frequencies near the useful signal. Their rejection would need a stopband attenuation beyond even db. In such case we recommend the use of the model CW-1127 that includes a demodulator in the input unit. The baseband video and sound output signals of this demodulator are then transposed in the output cable TV channel, by the TV modulator section. The dual standard input demodulator is capable to receive both the 5.5 and the 6.5 MHz 4 sound carriers. The sound carrier frequency of the output modulator is programmable. The signal conversion through baseband results in very high selectivity and permits the conversion of signals from one standard to another, too. The baseband conversion permits also the use of an automatic change-over that switches to reserve signal source in the case of break in transmission. Input signal Amplitude response within the channel up to 5.5 MHz up to 6.5 MHz Bandwidth B/G standard D/K, I version Noise figure VHF band UHF band Input frequency ranges Nominal input level Recommended input level Nominal input impedance B/G, D/K, (I) standard VHF-UHF modulated vision and sound carriers less than 2 db less than 4 db 7 MHz (shaped with OFWG 4903 filter) 8 MHz (shaped with OFWG 4952 filter) less than 10 db less than 12 db MHz MHz MHz dbµv 66 dbµv At the version converting the signals through IF, the output signal is generated in the output converter section. Its output data are given in section 4. Programmable parameters 1. Input signal frequency 62.5 khz -Accuracy better, than 1x Output signal frequency 50 khz -Accuracy better, than Output signal switch off / on Supplementary data Nominal intermediate freq. Low input RF level indication by front panel LED Type of connectors Physical dimensions 38.9 MHz below 60 dbµv IEC (input/output) CW-1000 series frame, height one unit

5 Demodulating AM Modulated TV Signals The model CW-1127 TV ANTENNA PROCESSOR demodulates the input signal to baseband signals. These baseband signals are then transposed in a modulator to the new channel. The input and output data are identical with those of the next two units (Sections 3 and 4). Since receivers delivering baseband signals are often needed both at processing the return path signals and for building measuring configurations, the demodulator board is also available built in an instrument rack, as PROGRAMMABLE TV DEMODULATOR. 3. PROGRAMMABLE TV DEMODULATOR CW-1161 The TV PROGRAMMABLE DEMODULATOR is designed to demodulate VHF and UHF band D/K, and B/G standard signals. On demand, I standard version is available, too. The output level is kept constant by an AGC circuitry. The low level of the input signal is indicated by a front panel LED. The received frequency is programmable. The unit can store up to 70 discretional channel frequencies that can be simply switched one by one when using the unit as a measuring/test demodulator. Input signal Output signal Amplitude response within the channel up to 4.5 MHz up to 4.8 MHz Input frequency ranges Nominal input level Recommended input level Nominal input impedance B/G, D/K, (I) standard VHF-UHF modulated vision and sound carriers baseband video and sound signal less than 2 db less than 5 db MHz MHz MHz dbµv 66 dbµv Video output Number of video outputs 2 Output impedance Output voltage V p-p, internal adjustment Nominal output voltage 1V p-p ( at 87.5% modulation depth) Differential amplitude at 4.43 MHz less than 4% Differential phase at 4.43 MHz less than 4 Signal-to-noise ratio (related to a black to white step) in the 0-5 MHz band > 54 db rms, weighted according to CCIR REC 567 Sound output Number of outputs 2 Output impedance approx. 33 ohms Nominal load 600 ohms Nominal output level 0 dbm (at 50 khz frequency deviation) Frequency band 30 Hz - 15 khz / ±1dB De-emphasis 50 µs Harmonic distortion Signal-to-noise ratio at any video content < 1.5% (up to 50 khz frequency deviation) > 55 db (related to 50 khz frequency deviation, unweighted) Programmable parameters 1. Input frequency 62.5 khz -Accuracy better than Number of stored channels max. 70 Supplementary data Low input RF level indication by front panel LED below 60 dbµv Types of connectors -RF IEC (DIN 45325) -Video + sound 5-pin DIN socket -Video BNC -Sound 6.2 mono Jack Physical dimensions CW-1000 series instrument frame, height 1 module The CW-1000 system components are built of functional modules 5

6 Feeding the Signals of Local Studios into the System 4. TV MODULATOR CW-1157 Television studios, video recorders and transmission systems deliver baseband video and sound signals. The TV MODULATOR is designed to transpose the baseband signals in any desired channel of the MHz frequency band. The unit is suitable for processing both black-and-white and PAL and SECAM encoded colour signals. The unit incorporates B/G standard vision channel and parallel sound type synthesized sound channel. The desired sound carrier frequency can be set with the PROGRAMMER. As a new feature, the model CW-1157 TV MODULATOR can be used in addition to the forward channels also for delivering signals in the reverse path channels and at intermediate frequency as well. The requested channel can be programmed both by frequency and by channel number. The video input is equipped with diodes for protection against overcharge. The vision channel incorporates B/G standard group delay pre-correction. The vestigial band transmission characteristics is shaped with SAW filter. The video modulation depth is controlled by an automatic circuitry. The sound carrier frequency deviation is programmable. The output signal level is adjustable with a front panel potentiometer. TV standard Input signal Output signal B/G, D/K, (I or M/N) baseband video and sound signals vision and sound carriers in the MHz band, modulated according to A5C and F3 Vision modulation A5C, negative Nominal mod. depth 87,5 % Amplitude response according to Table 1. Group delay response according to B/G standard Differential gain at 4.43 MHz max. 3 % Differential phase at 4.43 MHz max. 3 o Sound modulation Sound carrier frequency FM (F3) 4.5/ 5.5/ 6.0/ 6.5 MHz, programmable 50 khz less than + 1 db Frequency deviation Amplitude response Distortion less than 1 % Pre-emphasis 50 µsec Video input Nominal input voltage Nominal input impedance 1 V p-p + 3 db Sound input Nominal input voltage Nominal input impedance 0 dbm 10 kohms RF output Operational frequency range MHz Output level 100 dbµv adjustable between db Signal purity Harmonic level below -53 db Other disturbing signals Signal-to-noise ratio Vision channel Sound channel Carrier-to-noise ratio below -58 db, typically below -60 db better than 46 db rms better than 50 db typically 58 db Programmable parameters 1. Output signal frequency 50 khz -Accuracy better than Sound carrier frequencies 4.5 / 5.5 / 6.0 / 6.5 MHz 3. Output signal switch off / on 4. Sound carrier switch off / on 5. Sound carrier frequency deviation External adjustments 1.Output level Stability Supplementary data Video modulation depth Sound carrier frequency B/G standard D/K standard I standard M standard Accuracy of the sound carrier frequency Sound carrier level to vision carrier 0, -3, -6 and -8 db in steps continuously adjustable in the db range, related to the nominal output level better than ± 1 db adjusted to the white level by automatic level control 5.5 MHz 6.5 MHz 6.0 MHz 4.5 MHz better than (PLL) -13 db +1/ -2 db Types of connectors Video and sound inputs 5-pin DIN socket RF output IEC (DIN 45325) Physical dimensions CW-1000 instrument frame, height 1 module 6

7 Distribution of the Satellite IF Signals Amplitude response f vc ± f SAW FILTER G4960M (S+M) f (MHz) min (db) typ (db) max (db) < > Amplitude response of the CW-1000 TV modulator The TV ANTENNA PROCESSOR is mostly directly connected to the cable of the VHF or UHF antenna. In small systems, if two processors have to be supplied from the same antenna, a directional coupler is needed. The type of this directional coupler has to match the signal levels. When receiving distant transmitters, use of a preamplifier may be needed. The pre-amplifier can be supplied from the 15 V supply voltage of the CW-1000 headend. This voltage can be led to the inner conductor of the antenna cable through the DC INSERTER. For safe distribution of the supply voltage use the DC DISTRIBUTOR SOCKET that is equipped with an internal fuse. These supplementary devices are described in the System Planning Guide. CW-3081 Programmer for programming all CableWorld headend units In case of satellite reception, the LNBs can be supplied directly from the SATELLITE TV PROCESSORs. If two or more programs from the same polarity signal have to be fed into the system, a signal distributor is needed. With respect to the high frequency and the low signal levels, use of an active distributor is recommended. Sideband characteristics of the CW-1000 TV modulator 5. SATELLITE IF DISTRIBUTOR CW-1052 The SATELLITE IF DISTRIBUTOR is used in the CW-1000 programmable headend to amplify the 950 to 2050 MHz satellite IF signals and to distribute them to the SATELLITE TV PROCESSORs. The unit incorporates two distributors. In both one, the input signal is amplified then distributed in a directional coupler to four branches. The applied amplifiers feature low noise and low intermodulation distortion. The SATELLITE IF DISTRIBUTOR, along with the LNB, is powered from the short circuit protected supply voltage of the SATELLITE TV PROCESSOR. Frequency range MHz Nominal input impedance Nominal output impedance Number of outputs 2 4 Maximum input level 70 dbµv / channel Internal supply voltage and supply for the LNB approx. +14 V Current drain (without remote powering) max. 40 ma Maximum remote powering current 350 ma ± 10 % Type of connectors IEC (DIN 45325) Physical dimension -width 483 mm (19" rack) -height 44 mm (1 module) -depth 85 mm 7

8 Processing Satellite Radio Programs 6. FM SOUND PROCESSOR CW-1031 for the MHz band CW-1032 for the MHz band The satellite broadcasting has opened a new era in the radio broadcasting, too; beyond the TV programs, a number of stereo radio channels can also be transmitted simultaneously, without considerable additional costs. The FM SOUND PROCESSOR transposes the baseband sound signals coming from satellite receivers, local studios, analogue radio receivers, etc. to radio channels of the cable TV network. The left and right channel signals fed to the inputs are multiplexed, then transposed in the desired channel of the CCIR or OIRT band, by a programmable FM modulator. The high technical level of the unit ensures hi-fi quality signal processing. The FM SOUND PROCESSOR incorporates two independent, identical processors. Thus, it handles two channels at the same time. The RF output signals of both processor units are combined in a built-in directional coupler. Modulation Stereo encoding Frequency range CW-1031 CW-1032 Output signal FM according to the CCIR, EBU and FCC recommendations (CCIR Rec S-2) MHz MHz frequency modulated stereo MPX signal Nominal frequency deviation 75 khz Pre-emphasis CW µs CW µs Amplitude response less than +0.5 / -2 db between 30 Hz...15 khz, related to 500 Hz Pilot signal -frequency 19 khz ±2 Hz -level db Modulation distortion less than 0.5 % Stereo crosstalk less than -36 db, 30 Hz to 15 khz Signal-to-noise ratio Input signal Frequency band better than 60 db, 30 Hz to 15 khz L (left) and R (right) channel signals 30 Hz to 15 khz Attenuation at 19 khz Input impedance Input voltage for nominal deviation > 50 db 600 ohms, symmetrical -6 dbm (387 mv), or 0 dbm (775 mv), or +6 dbm (1.55 V), programmable Frequency setting by programming Frequency accuracy better than Combining of the output signals in a 75 ohm directional coupler (within the unit) Nominal output voltage 100 dbµv (100 mv eff ) Harmonic amplitude Other spurious products Programmable parameters 1. Input amplitude -Range 2. Output frequency 3. Output level -Range -Stability less than -50 db below -60 db 0 ± 6 db 10 khz ±3 db in appr.1 db steps better than ±1 db Type of connectors -Sound input 5-pin DIN socket -RF output IEC (DIN 45325) -Physical dimensions CW-1000 series instrument frame, 1 module height 7. FM ANTENNA PROCESSOR CW-1041 for the MHz band CW-1042 for the MHz band Beyond satellite radio programs, interest in local FM radio programs is increasing continuously. The FM ANTENNA PROCESSOR is an indispensable unit for headends configured with the demand of providing multiple services. With one unit, two independent stereo radio programs, received in the OIRT or CCIR band can be fed into the cable network. Input and output frequencies, and output voltage are set with the CW-3081 PROGRAMMER, and can be reprogrammed at any time, owing to the unit's microprocessor control. A built-in frequency meter supports the accurate setting of the desired channel. The software protects against false settings. The FM ANTENNA PROCESSOR incorporates two independent, identical processors. Thus, it handles two FM channels at the same time. Both the input and the output directional couplers are built into the unit. 8

9 Feeding Terrestrial FM Programs into the System Both models receive both the OIRT and the CCIR band, the model numbers mark out the different output frequency bands. An antenna pre-amplifier, if used, can be remote powered from the +15 V supply voltage. Frequency range CCIR OIRT Modulation Output signal Nominal IF bandwidth Mirror selectivity Adjacent channel rejection MHz MHz FM the input signal, modulated to a new carrier 200 khz better than 60 db better than 30 db, at 300 khz Nominal frequency deviation 75 khz Modulation distortion less than 0.5% Signal-to-noise ratio better than 60 db, 50 Hz to 15 khz Stereo crosstalk less than -30 db Frequency range MHz Nominal input voltage channel Ch dbµv channel Ch dbµv (through built-in 12 db directional coupler) Nominal input impedance Sensitivity for 26 db SNR better than 2.5 µv (measured in Ch1, in the CCIR band) Frequency setting by programming Frequency accuracy better than Output signal combining in 75 ohm directional coupler within the unit Nominal output voltage 100 dbµv (100 mveff) Harmonic amplitude less than -50 db Other spurious products below -60 db Programmable parameters 1. Input frequency 10 khz 2. Output frequency 10 khz 3. Output level -Adjustable range 3 db in appr. 1 db steps -Stability better than 1 db 4. Muting off / on 5. Muting level in 6 steps, in the µv range 9 Type of connectors -RF input and output IEC (DIN 45325) Pre-amplifier remote powering +15 V, max. 100 ma, through internal fuse 8. SATELLITE RADIO PROCESSOR CW-1037 for the MHz band CW-1038 for the MHz band Satellite radio programs can be fed into the cable network using a satellite receiver and an FM modulator. The SATELLITE RADIO PROCESSOR incorporates both these sections. Beyond the radio signals, the satellite receiver delivers, as an additional product, the baseband signal of a satellite TV channel that can also be utilized in the system. The SATELLITE RADIO PROCESSOR receives the satellite analogue stereo radio programs. The baseband sound signals, after stereo encoding, are transposed in the desired channel of the CCIR or OIRT FM band, by the frequency modulator section. Thus, the radio programs coming from the satellite, can be listened to in stereo hi-fi quality, using conventional radio sets. Design and the way of programming are identical with those of the other units of the headend. The microprocessor control provides for the ease of installation and operation. The satellite receiver's noise reduction circuitry ensures excellent stereo sound quality. The baseband video and the signal of the mono main sound channel are available on a front panel socket. The satellite receiver and the FM modulator used in the SATELLITE RADIO PROCESSOR are identical with those described in Sections 1 and 6. For the technical data see these sections. 9. PROGRAMMER CW-3081 All microprocessor controlled products by CableWorld Ltd can be programmed with the same PROGRAMMER. At the CW-1000 series headend, the number of programmable parameters has been considerably increased. This allows the user to adapt the system components to his demands with more freedom and flexibility. The scope of adjustments supporting the measurements has also been extended. The capacity of the internal memory has been increased, the channel frequency tables for the B/G and D/K systems are now stored in the memory, so that there is no need to handle channel frequencies any longer.

10 Combining the Signals With the CW-1000 system, the ACTIVE COMBINERs of earlier design (HTC-1061, -62, -63, -71, -72, -73, -74, -75) can further be used. They ensure a carrier-to-noise ratio between 47 and 52 db up to channels. Since in smaller systems, their use is practical further on, we changed the letters in the model number from HTC to CW, and we recommend these combiners in unchanged form to our customers. For use with large systems, we designed a new combining network using channel filters in order to perform excellent carrier-to-noise ratio and high output level even with large numbers of channels. 10. ACTIVE COMBINER CW-1076, CW-1077 The nominal output level of these new active combiners is 106 dbµv, if the channel number is not larger than 30. The nominal level of the radio channels is below the level of the TV channels by 10 db. The unit is equipped with four wideband inputs of 82 dbµv nominal input level. The output level can be reduced with a screwdriver attenuator. The not used inputs are to be terminated with. As output amplifier, the ACTIVE COMBINERs use BGY 88 (CW-1076) and BGY 588 (CW-1077) hybrid amplifiers that are suitable to drive the distribution network directly. The outputs and inputs are capacitively separated. Operational frequency range CW-1076 CW-1077 Gain MHz MHz 24 ± 1 db Number of combining inputs 4 Input impedance Input return loss >12 db Separation between the inputs > 18 db Nominal input voltage -in the band of TV channels 82 dbµv +1 db -in the band of radio channels 72 dbµv ±1 db (for FM carrier with -10 db level) Nominal output voltage -Main output -Control output -Adjustable range -Output impedance -Output return loss 106 dbµv 86 dbµv (-20 db) db > 14 db Linearity -cross modulation -second order beat -composite triple beat Noise factor CW-1076 CW-1077 related to an output signal containing 60 channels (121 dbµv level) 59 db 69 db 57 db 6.0 db at 450 MHz 6.5 db at 550 MHz Type of connectors IEC Physical dimensions CW-1000 reduced depth instrument frame, 1 module height Mass approx. 1 kg 11. SELECTIVE COMBINER-8 CW-107A... -E Programmable modulators feature wideband noise at their outputs, therefore, with a large number of channels, filters must be used to reduce this noise. In the CW-1000 system, 8 channel combiners equipped with channel filters (SELECTIVE COMBINER-8) filter and combine the channel signals, at first. The filtered and combined eight channel groups are fed to the inputs of the active combiner. Since the active combiner can receive four of such eight channel groups, using all four inputs, signals up to 32 channels can be combined. Operational frequency band MHz (see Table 2 ) Number of combining inputs 8 Input impedance Input return loss > 15 db Separation between the inputs > 40 db Combining attenuation db Bandwidth B standard min. 7 MHz G, D, K standard min. 8 MHz Frequency response within one channel less than 1 db Output impedance Output return loss MHz > 10 db MHz > 15 db Type of the connectors IEC (DIN 45325) Physical dimensions mm 10

11 Configuration and Cabling of the Combining Network Model Standard CW-107A B E E E S S S S S CW-107B D R R R R R A A A CW-107C1 D R R R R R R R F CW-107C2 D F F F F F F F F CW-107C3 B S S S S S S E E CW-107C4 B E E E E E E S S CW-107C5 B S S S S S S S S CW-107D1 B S S S S S S S S CW-107D2 B S S S S S S S S CW-107E1 K, G CW-107E2 K, G FM COMBINER-8 CW-107R At combining radio signals, there is no need for channel filters, it is sufficient to let the combined signal packet pass through a bandpass filter. In the given example, the signals of 16 radio channels are combined in the low attenuation wideband directional couplers of the eight input FM combiners. Then the combined signal is led to the appropriate input of the related selective combiner. Basically, the attenuation of this combiner determines the difference between the levels of the TV and radio signals because their nominal output levels are the same. Operational frequency range MHz Number of combining inputs 8 Input impedance Input return loss > 15 db Separation between the inputs > 20 db Combining attenuation 10 ± 1 db Amplitude response within the FM band less than 0.5 db Output impedance Output return loss > 18dB SELECTIVE COMBINER-8 model numbers and channel chart An example of the CW-1000 selective combining system (block diagram and cabling) 11 Type of the connectors IEC (DIN 45325) Physical dimensions mm Mass 0.25 kg Selective Combiner-8 characteristics

12 Transcoders 13. PAL-SECAM TRANSCODER KIT CW-1022 In the CW-1000 system, beyond the basic system components, a number of supplementary units are available permitting the users to make their services even more comprehensive and attractive. The programs coming from satellites and terrestrial transmitters may be encoded according to different standards (PAL, SECAM, etc.). It may be necessary to change the encoding. For this purpose, we offer transcoder kits that can be built into the related TV signal processing units. Using the PAL-SECAM TRANSCODER KIT, PAL encoded video signals can be transcoded to SECAM video signals. The signal processors can be ordered with built-in transcoder or the transcoder board may be built in - even on the spot - at a later date; readjustment or reprogramming is not needed. Beyond the board, the kit includes all cables and accessories. TV standard CCIR 625 lines / 50 Hz Input colour system PAL Nominal input impedance Input return loss min. 30 db Nominal input voltage 1 V pp ± 3 db Colour subcarrier frequency accuracy upon EBU 75% colour bars - f DR, f DB typ. ±2 khz - ident typ. ±35 khz - red typ. ±10 khz - blue typ. ±10 khz Output colour system Nominal output impedance Return loss Nominal output voltage Mass Physical dimensions: Service period Supply voltage -current drain SECAM min. 20 db 1 V p-p ± 0.1 V approx. 0.3 kg mm continuous +12 V ± 0.5 V max. 350 ma 14. SECAM-PAL TRANSCODER KIT CW-1023 Nowadays, in Europe going to be unified, the PAL colour system made a great breakthrough in analogue TV broadcasting. However, in some countries, the SECAM system (that is not behind PAL, as quality is concerned) is still maintained. Therefore, transcoding from SECAM may be required. Building the SECAM- PAL TRANSCODER KIT in a processor unit makes the unit capable to deliver PAL encoded colour signals, at receiving SECAM programs. The signal processors can be ordered with built-in transcoder or the transcoder board may be built in - even on the spot - at a later date; readjustment or reprogramming is not needed. Beyond the board, the kit includes all cables and accessories. The sophisticated circuit technology and the high quality components used in the transcoders prevent the transcoded signal from visible deterioration. TV standard CCIR 625 lines / 50 Hz Input colour system SECAM Nominal input impedance Input return loss min. 30 db Nominal input voltage 1 V p-p ± 3 db Amplitude response ±1.5 db up to 3 MHz Colour subcarrier frequency khz ± 20 Hz Output colour system PAL Nominal output impedance Return loss min. 20 db Nominal output voltage 1 V p-p ± 0.1 V Field frequency tilt max. 6% Mass Physical dimensions: Service period Supply voltage -current drain approx. 0.3 kg mm continuous +12 V ± 0.5 V max. 350 ma 15. VIDEO CHANGE-OVER BOARD CW-3587 Satellite programs usually are transmitted round the clock, most of the terrestrial programs, however, in a part of the day only. Using change-over units, in the case of a transmission pause or a breakdown in the reception (due e.g. to noisy or discontinued reception by adverse weather conditions) an other signal source can be switched to, automatically. The VIDEO CHANGE-OVER BOARD is designed to be built into the satellite and terrestrial TV receivers of the CW-1000 and CW-3000 series headends, as an optional board. 12

13 Pattern Generators, Change-Over Units The VIDEO CHANGE-OVER BOARD has two video/sound input pairs, one of them for the program signal (whose presence is monitored by the circuitry) the other for the reserve signal source (another receiver, or video generator). The change-over sensitivity, (the noise level at which the circuit switches over) is set with a potentiometer. The model CW-3597 and CW are the stereo versions. TV standard 625 lines/50 Hz, standard video signal (CCIR/ OIRT) Amplitude response video channel ± 0.2 db (0-5 MHz) sound channel ± 0.2 db (30 Hz - 16 khz) Crosstalk between the video inputs > 50 db between the sound inputs > 70 db Gain 0 db Change-over sensitivity adjustable Video inputs Nominal input voltage Nominal input impedance Sound inputs Nominal input voltage Nominal input impedance Video output Output amplitude Output impedance Sound output Output amplitude Load impedance Mass Physical dimensions: 1 V p-p ± 3 db 0 dbm ± 6 db identical with the load,r L 1 V p-p ± 3 db 0 dbm ± 6 db R L 4.7 kohms approx. 0.2 kg mm 16. VIDEO GENERATOR BOARD CW-3586 At operating cable TV systems, there is a need for a signal source delivering a test pattern signal with transmitter identification that can be transmitted during technical faults or program pauses. The same signal source may be needed as a reserve signal, if a changeover is used. The VIDEO GENERATOR BOARD is a complete digital video pattern generator implemented on a single board sized 137 by 132 mm. The signal delivered is perfectly suitable for both tests and transmitter identification. The VIDEO GENERATOR BOARD generates the so called FuBK pattern, well known in the television measuring technology. This complex signal comprises also those patterns necessary for measurings, including: 19H/15V crosshatch superimposed to 16% grey level. Parameters of the crosshatch: 225 ns (H) / 2 lines (V) 8-step standard colour bars in order of decreasing luminance. Parameters: 75/75/0 amplitude, 100% colour saturation. 5-step B/W grey scale. Steps: 100/ 75/ 50/ 25/ 0 % Multiburst signal. Amplitude 100%, frequency packets: 0.5 MHz / 1 MHz / 2 MHz / 3 MHz / MHz (G-Y = 0), superimposed to 50% grey level. Reflection test signal PAL demodulator test signals: ±V saw tooth, +V bar, ±U bar +U saw tooth, +V bar, ±U bar Digital circle. The diameter of the circle is 93 % of the active screen area. The central black part of the screen can be filled in with the identification text specified by the customer. In addition, a logo can be inserted in an optional place near the margin area. Teletext test lines can also be generated by encoding. The programmable area available for the texts, logo and encoded teletext test lines amounts to approx. 40,000 pixels (i.e. 40 kbytes). The VIDEO GENERATOR as an optional board, also in conjunction with the VIDEO CHANGE-OVER BOARD can be built into the satellite and terrestrial receivers of the CW-1000 and CW-3000 series headends. The video generator is also available in rack instrument frame, as a self-contained unit (VIDEO GENERATOR CW-1585). Transcoder Board and Video Generator Board. 13

14 Power Supplies TV standard 625 lines/50 Hz, standard PAL signal without 25 Hz offset (CCIR/OIRT) Line frequency 15,625 Hz ± 0.3 Hz Field frequency 50 Hz ± Hz Colour subcarrier frequency Hz ±88.7 Hz Amplitude response of the video signal filter ± 0.1 db (0-5 MHz) Overshot < 1 % Y resolution 200 levels Sampling frequency 4 f subc PAL (922 sample/ Video signal amplitude Output impedance Return loss active line) 1 V p-p ± 10 mv > 30 db up to 5.5 MHz Mass approx. 0.3 kg Physical dimensions mm Supply voltages + 12 V ± 5 % + 5 V + 5% The units of the CW-1000 series are not equipped with own power supplies; the operating voltage is led to them from a central power supply. The central power supply of the CW-1000 system can be built of switching mode power supply modules of 6 A each. Up to three modules can be accommodated in a 2 unit high instrument frame. 17. MAINFRAME CW-1094, CW-1095 Differently from the HTC-1000 system, the CW and CW-1095 power supply mainframes do not connect in parallel the outputs of the 6 A modules, thus permitting the system components to be supplied in optional groups. The outputs of the modules are available separately at front panel connectors. The power supply mainframe incorporates the power switch, the line interference filters and the components for connecting the modules. The model CW-1095 is a version of the CW-1094 equipped with blower, for forced cooling. 18. POWER SUPPLY MODULE CW-1091 The power supply module supplies a maximum current of 6 A at +15 V nominal output voltage. For continuous operation, the current drain should be kept below 5 A. This value can be overcharged at adjustments and programming, for a short period of time. Output voltage Loading current Short circuit period Output ripple and noise V V decreasing with the load max. 6 A (5 A for continuous operation) unlimited max. 50 mv p-p (75 ohm / up to 20 MHz) Line voltage 230 V %, 50/60 Hz Power consumption max. 150 W Switch-on current surge max. 6 A, unrepeating Supply voltage connector Physical dimensions Mainframe CW-1000 special type mm mm Mass Power supply module approx. 1 kg Mainframe (empty) approx. 2 kg Safety data The power supply mainframe and the power supply module when mounted in the mainframe belong to electric shock protection class I. The output clamps are provided with electric shock protection class II reinforced insulation according to the Hungarian Standards MSZ and MSZ 172-5, in compliance with the international standard recommendation IEC 65. CW-1094 Mainframe equipped with three 6 A power supply modules, built in system rack When used as stand-alone instruments, the units of the CW-1000 series can be supplied individually from rear mount power supplies. This power supply can supply more than one unit of low current drains. 19. POWER SUPPLY CW-1093 Output voltage V V decreasing with the load 14

15 Environmental Conditions and General Data Loading current continuous operation for a period of 20 min Short circuit period Output ripple and noise max. 1.2 A max. 1.5 A unlimited max. 50 mv p-p (75 ohm / up to 20 MHz) Line data Line voltage 230 V +10/-15 %, 50/60 Hz Power consumption Switch-on current surge Supply voltage connector Physical dimensions Mass Safety data max. 35 VA max. 4 A, unrepeating CW-1000 special type mm approx, 1.2 kg The CW-1093 power supply belongs to electric shock protection class II according to the Hungarian Standards MSZ and MSZ and complies with the international standard recommendation IEC 215. CW-1093 Power Supply mounted on the instrument rear panel ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS and GENERAL DATA The units of the CW-1000 series headend are individually packaged. The units can be purchased either in system configuration or apiece. The packaging uses environment-friendly materials only. Environmental requirements for the units of the CW-1000 system: Operational temperature range to fulfil the specifications to maintain operation Storage temperature o C o C o C Most of the units are built in CW-1000 type instrument frames of 1 module height. Differently from the HTC-1000 series, the instrument frame is fitted up with handles. Physical dimensions of the instrument frame: width 483 mm (according to the 19" rack system height 44 mm (1 module) depth 330 mm (w/o handles) The instrument frame is equipped with doubled 2- pin special sockets on both the front and the rear panel, for connecting the supply voltage to. These connectors permit the parallel connection of the units, too. For individual use as a benchtop unit, the instrument frame can be completed with legs. The information on the optional cooling of the units is contained in the System Planning Guide. CURRENT DRAIN One important step at designing a headend is the calculation of the total current drain and the selection of the proper power supply configuration. All units of the CW-1000 series headend are powered from external +15 V V supply voltage. From this voltage, internal stabilizers produce the actual supply voltage for the circuitry. The total current drain can be calculated with the help of the following table: Current drain of the CW-1000 Headend No. Unit type Qty Current [A] 1. SATELLITE TV PROCESSOR CW TV ANTENNA PROCESSOR CW-1126, CW TV ANTENNA PROCESSOR CW TV MODULATOR CW TV DEMODULATOR CW FM SOUND PROCESSOR CW-1031, CW FM ANTENNA PROCESSOR CW-1041, CW SATELLITE RADIO PROC. CW 1037, CW ACTIVE COMBINER CW-1076, CW SATELLITE IF DISTRIBUTOR CW LNB and external pre-amplifier 12. PROGRAMMER CW P/S or S/P TRANSCODER CW-1022, CW VIDEO CHANGE OVER CW VIDEO GENERATOR CW Total current drain [A]: Subtotal [A] 15

16 Assembling the Headend 20. SYSTEM RACK CW-1001 The CW-1001 SYSTEM RACK is a standard 18 unit high 19" equipment rack designed to accommodate the system components. To minimize transportation costs, the rack is shipped dismounted to side walls that can be assembled on the spot in a few minutes. All information regarding placing of the units, cabling, cooling, etc. are given in the System Planning Guide. CableWorld Ltd offers a wide range of supplementary devices, accessories, cables and cable sets necessary for the completion of the headend. These items are described in the System Planning Guide, too. Dear Customer! We believe, upon this brochure you came to like our new system and you may require further details. Please ask for the CW-1000 System Planning Guide at our sales engineers who are ready to complete this description with the detailed presentation of the whole system. At possible technical problems, our experts will support you in solving them. Our company's free technical magazine CableWorld hírek regularly informs of solving technical problems and our recent results in developing. CableWorld Ltd. H-1116 Budapest, Tel.: Kondorfa u. 6/B Fax: Hungary H-1519 Budapest, Pf. 418, Hungary cworld@axelero.hu Internet: world.hu