Г.В. Кузьмина, К.Р. Солодкина СИСТЕМА ВРЕМЕН АНГЛИЙСКОГО ГЛАГОЛА В ИЗЪЯВИТЕЛЬНОМ НАКЛОНЕНИИ. СОГЛАСОВАНИЕ ВРЕМЕН

Transcription

1 Г.В. Кузьмина, К.Р. Солодкина СИСТЕМА ВРЕМЕН АНГЛИЙСКОГО ГЛАГОЛА В ИЗЪЯВИТЕЛЬНОМ НАКЛОНЕНИИ. СОГЛАСОВАНИЕ ВРЕМЕН Для студентов факультета иностранных языков и общеобразовательных дисциплин Москва Издательство Российского университета дружбы народов 2002

2 TO BE Fill in the blanks with the appropriate form of the verb "to be". 1. Where you from? 2. I from the Middle East/North America /Africa /Russia / Europe/Asia. 3. He... a native speaker of Chinese/French/German/Greek/ Japanese, Russian, Swedish. 4. He the teacher of my class. 5. He... member of my group. 6. We... in an English class. 7. Unfortunately, they... not happy with their progress in Spanish you a student of English as a second language? they worried about their marks? it difficult to learn a second language? your father a carpenter? No, he. 12. The best seats 10$. 13. I hot. Open the window, please. 14. What the weather like today? 15. What your parent s address? 16. Your money in your handbag. 17. Tom s parents travel agents. 18. What your aunt s name?. 19. I glad to see you. How you? 20. The news very bad today. Make these sentences interrogative and negative. 1. They are fond of music. 2. You are a student. 3. She is a good doctor. 4. Ann s father is an engineer. 5. Betty s uncle is an experienced pilot. 6. Jane s grandmother is on pension. 7. She is always busy at home. 8. They are good friends. 9. You are at the English lesson. 10. They are young and strong. 11. I am interested in football. 12. This book is very interesting. 13. He is a good boxer. 14. It is a letter from Helen from Spain. 15. Eniglish grammar is very difficult. Memorize the small talk and use it working in pairs. Hi, how are you! I m fine, how are you? I m fine! How s Bill? He s fine! How s Mary? She s fine! How re the children? - They re fine! How s the job? It s fine! How s Jack? He s ill! Oh, no! Use the following expressions with the verb to be in the sentences of your own. to be glad; to be happy; to be hungry; to be thirsty; to be ill; to be late for smth; to be sorry; to be (un)comfortable; to be sure of smth; to be mistaken; to be surprised at smth; to be afraid of; to be busy with smth; to be right; to be wrong. Translate into English. Это Антон. Он из Москвы. Ему 20 лет. Антон высокий, красивый, умный молодой человек. Он - блондин с голубыми глазами. Он одевается, в молодежном стиле. Семья Антона очень большая. Его бабушка и дедушка - пенсионеры. До пенсии они были педагогами. Его мама бухгалтер, его 3

3 папа врач. Его старшие сестры замужем, а их мужья - бизнесмены. Его младшие сестра и брат - школьники. Они - очень дружная семья. Антон - студент и будет врачом как папа. Он очень способный и учится хорошо. Он всегда приходит вовремя на занятия, он внимателен на уроках. Ему интересно учиться. Он не боится задавать вопросы и не боится спорить. Если он прав он доволен, если он не прав он не расстраивается. Он еще молод. У него все впереди. Speak about yourself and your family using the verb "to be". THERE IS THERE ARE Choose the correct form of the verb " to be"'. 1. There (is / are) some orange juice in the fridge. 2. There (isn t / aren t) enough milk in my coffee. 3. There (isn t / aren t) enough seats on the bus. We ll have to stand up. 4. There ( is / are) plenty of time. 5. The theatre isn t full. There (is / are) plenty of seats left. 6. A lot of information (is / are) in the Internet. 7. There (is / are) a lot of hotels in London. 8. How much money (is / are) there? 9. There (is / are) only a little accommodation at the University. 10. (Is / Are) there any scissors in your office? 11. How many programmes (is / are) there on your computer? 12. There (is / are) some rice in the pan. Rewrite these sentences to begin with there. 1. Two new performances take place at that theatre a year. 2. You have a lot of mistakes in your quiz. 3. We have English classes every day. 4. A meeting will be held at three o clock on Monday. 5. Lots of children will be at the concert. 6. People give lots of parties at Christmas. 7. An accident will happen if you re not careful. 8. She has many books in her study. 9. They have a new TV - set in their cottage. 10. She has a very good armchair in her office. Complete the sentences with is or "are". 1. there any more milk? 2. There some boiled eggs over there. 3. There some scrambled egg over here. 4. There some sugar in the bowl. 5. There some bowls of sugar on the tables. 6. Excuse me, there any orange juice left? 7. How many glasses there? 8. How much jam there in the pot? 4

4 Answer the following questions according to the model. Are there any books on the table? Yes, there are some. How many books are there on the table? There are three. Where are they? - They are on the table. 1. Are there any chairs in the classroom? How many chairs are there in the classroom? Where are they? 2. Are there any windows in the room? How many windows are there in the room? Where are they? 3. Are there any lamps on the ceiling? How many lamps are there on the ceiling? Where are they? 4. Are there any doors in the classroom? How many doors are there in the classroom? Where are they? 5. Are there any tables in the classroom? How many tables are there in the classroom? Where are they? 6. Are there any students in the room? How many students are there in the room? Where are they? Read and retell the following text. MY LIVING - ROOM. My living room is large. There is a television set in the room. The TV-set is near the window. There are some magazines on the TV-set. There is a table in the room. There are some newspapers on the table. There are four armchairs in the room. The armchairs are near the table. There is a radio-set in the room. The radio-set is near the door. There are some books on the radio set. There is a wall unit along one of the walls. There are some pictures on the other walls. Read, translate and retell the text. THE FARM Look at the picture. It is a picture of a farm. The farm is in the country; it is not in the town. It is a warm day; it isn t cold. The sun is in the sky. There are some white clouds but they are small and the sky is very blue. There is a mountain on the right of the picture, and not far from the mountain there is a river. There are a few boys in the picture. All the boys are in the river except one. He is on the green grass. There are one or two big trees and some small trees in the picture. The small trees are apple trees. They are on the left of the picture. There are red apples on the apple trees. These apple trees are in the garden of the farm house. There are a lot of apples on the trees. There are flowers round the door and windows of the farm house. There are a lot of animals on this farm. There are horses on the field near the river. One of the horses is black, the others are brown. In the next field there are some sheep; in the next one there are some pigs; and near to the pigs there are some cows. Some of the cows are brown, others are black and white. All the sheep are white except one. It is black. There is a horse and a cart in the picture. There are cabbages and potatoes in the cart. There is a field of yellow corn behind the farm house. A man is digging in the garden. There are some cabbages in the garden. The man near the gate is the farmer. There is a dog behind the farmer; that is the 5

5 farmer s dog. There is a woman near the door of the farm house; that is the farmer s wife. The farmer s wife is feeding the chickens. Describe the kitchen using the following words and word combinations. Window; fridge; sink; taps; kitchen unit; cupboards; kettle; saucepan; frying pan; oven; cooker; washing machine; food mixer; dishwasher; flower pots; curtains; door; table; six chairs; two stools; lamps; knives; forks; spoons; plates; glasses; dishes; to the right; to the left; in the middle of; near; under; in the ringt corner; in the left corner. Describe your flat using there is, there are construction. 6

6 Arrange the following sentences logically to make a story. You may add any other phrases or sentences you like to complete this story. The theme of the Youth Congress is We Say No to Drug Ediction!. There are 14 people on the list. There is a Congress in Moscow. We are from different countries. The group is large. Young people from every continent are coming to the Congress: Europe, Asia, North and South America, Australia and Africa. One boy is not coming, he is ill. The others are coming in a day or two. There are four girls and six boys in our group. I believe all members of our group are pleased to be in Moscow. Moscow is wonderful. The schedule is very busy: sessions, round table talks, sittings, conferences, discussions, interviews, exhibitions and a large social programme. A good beginning is half the battle. All the members of our group are attractive and hardworking. We are going to work hard at the Congress. The motto of our group is Friendship Works Wonders. See the difference among the verbs to say","to tell","to talk","to speak. SAY говорить, сказать He said он сказал He said to her он сказал ей TELL говорить, рассказывать He told me он сказал мне He told us (how) он рассказывал нам (как) To tell stories to smb рассказывать сказки кому-либо He never tells the truth oн никогда не говорит правду TALK говорить (физический акт) Can your baby talk yet? Ваш ребенок еще не говорит? To talk to smb переговорить с кем-либо SPEAK говорить (стиль, манера, говорить на иностранном языке). She speaks slowly она говорит медленно He speaks Italian он говорит по-итальянски Learn and try to use the following expressions in the sentences of your own. SAY TELL To have a say присоединиться к мнению; It goes without saying это не подлежит обсуждению; You don t say! и не говори! Say no more, еnough said достаточно, все ясно! To tell smb off отчитать кого-либо; I told you so - я тебе говорил! Tell me another соври еще что-нибудь! All told все перечисленное; You never can tell никогда не знаешь, что будет; 7

7 TALK SPEAK A small talk вежливый разовор; A talking point причина для разговора; Talkative - болтливый; To talk nineteen to the dozen говорить без остановки; A talk of the town притча во языцeх; To talk shop говорить о деле; To talk down to smb говорить свысока; To talk smb into smth уговaривать кого-либо; All talk сплошная болтовня; To speak up! погромче! To speak up for smth защищать что-либо; To speak highly of smb высоко отзываться о ком-либо; To be on speaking terms with smb быть накоротке с кем-либо; To speak for oneself говорить самому себе; To speak one's mind высказывать свое мнение; Nothing to speak of it не стоит и говорить об этом. Choose among the verbs "to say","to tell","to talk","to speak". 1. How many languages can your teacher? 2. Stop it! Don t nonsense! 3. What is the first word most children learn to...? 4. Please,... us another joke. 5. She often... things like that. 6. He. a lot of lies. 7. I want to a few words to you. 8. Please, don t anything. 9. When do children usually learn to.? 10. Please me when to get off this bus. 11. Actions louder than words. 12. He has a very patronising manner and always down to people. Answer the questions. THE PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE What normally happens to the verb in the third person singular? What happens: when the verb ends in -se", "-sh", "-ch, e.g. brush? How do we pronounce these words? when the verb ends in -o? when the verb ends in a consonant y, e.g. "dry"? with the verb "to have"? How do we make negatives and questions in the Present Simple Tense? When do we use the Present Simple Tense? Complete the rule using these phrases: things that are happening at the moment; things that happen regularly; general truths; We use the Present Simple Tense to describe.... 8

8 Answer the following questions. A. 1. Do you get up early in the morning? 2. What time do you get up? 3. What do you do in the morning? 4. Do you come to the University early or late? 5. What time do the lessons begin? 6. What do you do at your English lesson? 7. Do you have dinner at home or at the students canteen? 8. What time do you have dinner? 9. When do you come home? 10. What do you do in the evening? 11. Do you go to bed at 9 o clock? B. 1. Where do the Smiths live? 2. Does Mr. Smith go to work in the morning? 3. Do the children go to school in the morning? 4. Does Mrs. Smith go to her work? 5. What does she do at home? 6. When do the children come home from school? 7. Do the children watch television at night? 8. Who watches television at night? 9. Do Mr. and Mrs. Smith watch television every night? Put the verb in brackets in the correct form. 1. The children (go) to school in the morning. 2. Their father (take) them to school. 3. Mrs. Smith (stay) at home. 4. She (do) her housework. 5. She always (have) her lunch at noon. 6. Mr. Smith (arrive) home late. 7. At night children always (do) their homework. 8. Sometimes Mr. and Mrs. Smith (watch) television. Make sentences interrogative. 1. He washes his hands. 2. Their mother works in the house. 3. We come to the University at the same time. 4. He drinks a lot of tea at breakfast. 5. The teacher comes in and shuts the door. 6. I read newspapers every day. 7. We often drink coffee together. Make sentences negative. 1. We study French. 2. They have an Italian lesson every day. 3. I work late in the evening. 4. He goes to bed at 10 o clock. 5. She sees her friends in the morning. 6. He arrives home early. 7. We write many exercises. Fill in the blanks. A) do B) does C) 1. you like playing chess? 2. your mother like cooking? 3. Where... she live? 4. Where your parents spend their vacation? 5. What your father do in his spare time? 6. What you think of me? 7. When you clean your teeth? 8. When your father go to his work? 9. Why they learn poems by heart? 10. Why your sister go shopping on Saturdays? 11. Who you always walk your dog with? 12. Who his friend like to play chess with? 13. Who knows the way out? 14. Who speaks English fluently? 9

9 15. What time you get up? 16. How often your sister come back home late? 17. How often you go swimming? 18. How much your trousers cost? 19. How much your sweater cost? 20. Whose parents want to help us? 21. Which of your sisters lives in the country? 22. What letter comes after I? Choose A), B), C) to fill in the gaps. 1. How much this sweater? 2. How much this sweater cost? A) is B) does C) do 3. It rainy in summer. 4. It often rain in summer. A) don t B) doesn t C) isn t 5. I stay at home on Sundays. 6. I at home on Sundays. A) am not B) doesn t C) don t 7. He have much money. 8. He rich. A) isn t B) doesn t C) don t 9. Mag and her sister live in Rome. 10. Mag and her sister in Rome. A) aren t B)doesn t C) don t 11. Pat s mother teach students. 12. Pat s mother a teacher. A) isn t B) doesn t C) don t 13. It cost much to stay at that hotel. 14. That hotel expensive. A) doesn t B)isn t C) don t Fill in the text with the appropriate word-combination. Choose among: brush, buy, catch, eat, fall asleep, find out, finish, get, get up, go to bed, go off, have breakfast, have dinner, have lunch, have dressed, get home, break, have a shower, leave home, lie, listen to, meet, phone, pop into, read, set, start work, turn off, wake up, watch TV. I usually at 7.00 when my alarm clock.i... it straight away and then usually just there in bed for another five or ten minutes before I finally I go to the bathroom,, my teeth and then. I usually cornflakes, toast, a boiled egg and coffee at about While I I normally... the news on the radio. 10

10 I at about I always... Mr Brown the newsagent s on my way to my job and I always the... a daily newspaper. I... the eight o clock train and usually the newspaper on it. I... at 9.00 and at At we for tea or coffee and I always at I usually go with some friends to an Italian restaurant just round the corner. I from my work at about six o clock and at Most evenings I stay at home and. Sometimes, I my friends at the pub or the cinema. Twice a week I my mother for a chat and how everyone is. I nearly always at or on weekdays, and the last thing I do before is the alarm clock for the next day. Transform the above-mentioned text into the 3d-person-singular one. Change the adverbs of frequency taking them out of the box: sometimes, often, never, seldom, occasionally, twice a week, regularly, rarely, on weekdays, on weekends, as usual, generally, hardly ever, as a rule, frequently, always. Give short answers to the questions. 1. Does your friend often come to see you? 2. Does your husband tell you everything? 3. Do you switch off the light when you leave your room? 4. Do your neighbours call on you on Sundays? 5. Does your sister like this sort of weather? 6. Does your brother wear the slippers at home? 7. Can she speak Arabic? 8. Do bad students work hard? 9. Is she keen on aerobics? 10. Are you happy with your coming holidays? Read and translate the following dialogues. Retell them in the 3d person singular. Mr. Harris: Do you speak other languages besides English? The waitress: Oh, yes, sir, I speak German and French and the dialects. Mr. Harris: Which do you like best? The waitress: They are all very much the same, sir. I can t say I like one better than another. Gauguin: Your canvases are cold, Cezanne. Ice cold. It freezes me just to look at them. There s not an ounce of emotion in all the miles of canvases you paint. Cezanne: I don t try to paint emotion. I leave that to the novelists. I paint apples and landscapes. Gauguin: You don t paint emotion because you can t. You paint with your eyes, that s what you paint with. Cezanne: What does anyone else paint with? Gauguin: With all sorts of things. Lautrec, there, paints with his spleen. Vincent van Gogh paints with his heart. Seurat paints with his mind, which is almost as bad as painting with your eyes. And Rousseau paints with his imagination. Cezanne: What do you paint with, Gauguin? Gauguin: Who, me? I don t know. Never thought about it. Piglet: When you wake up in the morning, Pooh, what s the first thing you say to yourself? Winnie-the Pooh: What s for breakfast? What do you say, Piglet? 11

11 Piglet: I say, I wonder what s going to happen exciting today? Winnie-the Pooh: It s the same thing. Lord Caversham: Good evening, Lady Chiltern! Has my good-for-nothing young son been here? Mabel Chiltern: Why do you call Lord Goring good-for-nothing? Lord Caversham: Because he leads such an idle life. Mabel Chiltern: Why, he rides in the Hide Park at ten o clock in the morning, goes to the Opera three times a week, changes his clothes at least five times a day, and dines out every night of the season. You don t call that leading an idle life, do you? The boy: You ought to go to bed now so that you will be fresh in the morning. Santiago: Good night, then. I will wake you in the morning. The boy: You re my alarm clock. Santiago: Age is my alarm clock. Why do old men wake so early? Is it to have one longer day? The boy: I don t know. All I know is that young boys sleep late and hard. Santiago: I can remember it. Fill in the blanks. A) do B) does C) is D) are E) have F) has 1. What subjects she good at? 2. your brother got a camera? 3. your mother like cooking? 4. What floor your bedroom on? 5. your parents in France now? 6. Where the nearest book store? 7. your friend have any money? 8. Where your uncle work? 9. What sports they fond of? 10. What bike... you got? 11. What the weather like today? 12. What languages you speak? 13. you like science fiction? 14. What your favourite pop group? 15. How many apples you got? Fill in the gaps with Present Simple of the verbs "to be","to have","to bring", "to live" and "to work". Milchester a lovely old town on the River Swenley. The famous castle lots of tourists to the town. The old streets near the castle many interesting little shops, and there a very good museum. The town also a theatre and a cinema. 27,000 people in Milchester, and quite a few of them at the new computer factory. Other industries paper-making and chocolate. 12

12 Complete the sentences by using the words in brackets, give the explanation of the Present Simple usage. 1. The earth (rotate) round its axis. 2. At the mouth of the river salt water from sea (mingle) with the fresh water of the river. 3. Oil and water (not to mix). Oil... (float) on top of water. 4. This jug (hold) exactly one litre of liquid. 5. It (take) a great skill to guide a canoe through the rapids without losing control of it. 6. The sun always (shine) in Egypt. 7. Hot air (rise) while cool air (go down). 8. People say it (rain) more in Manchester than anywhere else. Fill in the blanks with the correct form (Imperative or Present Simple). Two women (go) to a city. They (arrive) at the main street. Laura (be very hungry) and (want) to eat right away. Jean (prefer) to walk around, but three hours later, she (get hungry), too. Jean: It (be) almost Now I (be hungry), too. Let s (go) to the cafe Bon Appetit. My friend (recommend) it. She (say) they (serve) great French food there and it (have) a wonderful atmosphere. Laura: OK, OK. Where (be) it? Jean: I (not to know). (ask) that woman. Laura: OK. (to the woman) (excuse) me, ma am. Where... (be) the cafe Bon Appetit? you (know)? Woman: Yes, I (do). You (go) two blocks straight down this street. Then (turn) right and (cross) the street. Jean: Thanks a lot. They (walk) two blocks. Laura: we (turn) left there? Jean: Yes, we (do), I (think). No, we (not to do). Jean (go) left, and Laura (follow). They (walk) for half an hour. Finally they (return) to the main street. Laura: I (not to see) the cafe Bon Appetit. But I (need) some food now! (look)! There (be) a fast food pizza place on the corner. Jean: But you (not to want) to go to a nice restaurant? They only (serve) junk food there. There (be) great restaurants in the city. Laura (run) to the pizza place. Jean (hurry) after her. Read and discuss the text. THERE IS NO PLACE LIKE HOME Many English families have got their own houses, but some people live in flats. There are two floors in the traditional English house: the ground floor and the first floor. People in England like their homes and always show them to their visitors. Mr. Dunn, a British businessman, often comes to the Russian Trade Delegation and he knows Voronin very well. One Sunday he invites Voronin and some engineers to his place to spend an evening with his family. Mr. Dunn s family lives in a small house with a garden. There is a sittingroom and a study downstairs. The kitchen is downstairs too. The sitting-room is large and sunny. There is a sofa, two armchairs and a TV-set there. The nice carpet on the floor makes the room comfortable. 13

13 The study is a small room with bookshelves on the walls. Upstairs there are two bedrooms and a bathroom. The Dunns love their house and think: "There is no place like home". Now Mr. Dunn, Voronin and his friends are sitting near the fireplace in Mr. Dunn s study. Voronin: This is a lovely room, Mr. Dunn. Dunn: I m glad you like it. It s always a pleasure to sit here and to read newspapers and magazines after a long day in the office. And where do you live in Moscow, Mr. Voronin? Voronin: We live in a three-room flat in a new district of Moscow. Dunn: Is your flat comfortable? Voronin: Yes, very. There s much built-in furniture in our hall and in the kitchen. The windows are large and the rooms are light. Dunn: In which room do you like to spend evening hours? Voronin: In the sitting-room. We usually watch television or VCR there or listen to the music on the records. Dunn: Yes, it s always nice to spend a quiet evening with the family. Voronin: I think so, too. Read, translate and give the summary of the text. AT THE PUB For company and conversation the English go to the pub. The cafes in England sell only coffee, tea and soft drinks. You go to a cafe for meal or for a quick cup of tea, but not to sit and to watch the world go by. When you want to relax after a day s work, you go to the local public house. Everybody goes there, except children, who are not allowed in. If you go up to the bar, you may find every kind of person: doctors, schoolmasters, workmen. They all go there, to talk and to drink their usual drink. Nearly everyone drinks beer. Most pubs, in fact, have a piano and on Saturday night the customers may well gather round it and sing. The songs they sing are the same all over England. Songs from the 1914 war, sentimental and sad, like If You Were the Only Girl in the World. They are easy to learn. The people who want to sing ask someone to play the tunes on the old piano. They group themselves round it and they buy drinks for the pianist. That is the custom. The one who plays has free drinks as long as he plays. Good humour and good temper give English pubs their character. If you go there regularly the landlord will try to get to know you. He will remember what you usually drink and may well become a personal friend. The pub is the place where you meet people. You get to know other regulars, you buy drinks in turn, which is called to stand a round and you talk. You talk about the weather or how the English cricket team is doing in the Test Match against Australia. The pub is often the only place where men may meet each other after their work. It is very surprising, but even in large cities each public house has its own regular customers who go there every night, to drink one or two pints, slowly, and to have a game of dominoes or to play darts. And although they see each other almost every night for years, the regulars who meet there will never go into each other s homes. 14

14 See the sociological quiz "ARE YOU A REAL HOME LOVER?" Answer the questions and write down your score (without taking the questions too much seriously). 1. When you come home do you like to: a) talk to your mum, dad (brothers or sisters)? b) have a meal and then go out to meet your friends? c) watch television? 2. Which hobby do you like best of these three: a) going to the movies? b) cooking? c) sitting in your room and reading a book? 3. It is your mother s birthday. But your best friend is giving a party on the same day. Do you: a) give your mother a nice present and go to the party? b) ask your mother to come to the party too? c) stay at home and have a pleasant evening with your family? 4. Your mother asks you to clean the living - room. Do you: a) get a broom and some cleaning cloths and clean it carefully? b) forget that your mother asked you? c) cover everything up with newspapers and rugs, and hope that your mother won t notice? 5. Your uncle sends you some money to spend on summer holidays. Do you: a) spend it on a holiday? b) buy lots of paint, a new bedspread, a new lamp and some ornaments, and decorate your room? c) buy a dog for the whole family? Now add up your score! 1. a-3, b-1, c-2; 2. a-1, b-3, c-2; 3. a-1, b-2, c-3, 4. a-3, b-1, c-2; 5. a-1, b-3, c-2 A points. You are a true home lover. B points. You re a home lover, but you can t do without going out. C points. You re not a home lover. Try to change your character, learn to take care of your home. THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE Answer the questions. How is the Present Continuous Tense formed and used? Look at the explanations and write down Present Simple or Present Continuous for: actions which are happening over a long period of time things which do not change. future plans. everyday habits. general truths or facts. describing people actions which are happening now. talking about timetables. describing people... 15

15 Write down Present Continuous or Present Simple to these time or frequency expressions. 1. now, 2. usually, 3. every day, 4. this week, 5. once a week, 6. at the moment, 7. often, 8. on Monday mornings. Read and translate the part of the song. Show the difference between Participle I and Present Continuous. Oh, healing river, send down your waters, Send down your waters upon this land. Oh, healing river, send down your waters And wash the blood from off the sand. This land is torturing, This land is thirsting, No seed is growing On the bare of ground. Oh, healing river, send down your waters, Oh, healing river, send your water down. Put the verb in the correct form (Present Continuous or Present Simple). 1. Let s go out. It (not to rain) now. 2. She is very good at languages, She (speak) four languages very well.3. Hurry up! Everybody (wait for) you. 4. you (listen to) the radio? No, you can turn it off. 5. you (listen to) the radio every day? No, just occasionally. 6. The River Nile (flow) into the Mediterranean. 7. Look at the river. It (flow) very fast today - much faster than usual. 8. We usually (grow) vegetables in our garden but this year we (not to grow) any. 9. How is your English? Not bad. It (improve) slowly. 10. Ron is in London at the moment. He (stay) at the Park Hotel. He always (stay) there when he s in London. 11. Can we stop walking soon? I (start) to feel tired. 12. Can you drive? I (learn). My father (teach) me. 12. He s an architect but he (not to work) at the moment. 13. The train is never late. It always (leave) on time. Make an option. 1. It s 5 o clock. She tea. A) has B) have C) is having D) having 2. My friend never... basketball. A) playing B) plays C) play D) am playing 3. Sorry, I can t. I lunch. A) have B) am having C) has D) having 4. They hamburgers and chips. A) are liking B) likes C) like D) doesn t like 5. When your homework? A) is he doing B) you do C) you are doing D) do you do 16

16 6. I cook meal and my sister... dishes. A) are washing B) is washing C) washes D) wash 7. What to do at the end of the lesson? A) do you go B) are you do C) are you going D) have you gone 8. The boys... a game of football at the moment. A) have B) having C) don have D) are having 9. Where you usually in the evening? A) do go B) are gone C) are going D) is going 10. He it now. A) understand B) understands C) do understand D) is understanding THE STATIVE VERBS These are verbs which describe a state rather than an event, and which are not usually used in the Continuous Tenses. They describe feelings, wishes, the senses and states of being, e.g.: "believe", "belong", "know", "smell", "understand", "want". Some of these verbs can be stative in one meaning but non-stative in another one, for instance, when they express an activity, e.g.: to think: I think you are right. = have an opinion (stative); Be quiet while I am thinking. = considering, a deliberate activity (non-stative). These verbs are shown in italic below. SENSES: see, hear, notice, sound, smell, taste. EMOTIONS: like, dislike, love, hate, want, prefer, care. THOUGHT PROCESSES: think, feel, know, believe, suppose, understand, realize, remember. POSSESSION: own, possess, belong, have. INHERENT PROPERTIES, QUALITIES: be, have, look, appear, seem, sound, weigh, measure, hold, contain, consist of, fit, cost. OTHERS: owe, matter, depend on, trust, deserve, apply, etc. Fill in the gaps. 1. She studying English at school. 2. They visiting London on business. 3. He watching TV you enjoying the programme? 5. No, she working at the moment. 6. it raining? 7. No, they staying at the hotel. Read the text, underline the examples of Present Continuous and Present Simple, give the explanation of each structure. I often travel to other countries, so I spend a lot of time at airports. Today I m travelling to Greece and at the moment I m waiting for my plane. But I m not wasting my time. What am I doing? I m playing my favourite game - people watching. Whenever I have the time, I watch other people. Take that couple, for instance. They re buying magazines at the moment. Are they going on holiday or are they travelling on business? They aren t wearing 17

17 business clothes, but he s carrying a briefcase. Every few seconds she looks round. Is someone following them? Perhaps they re running away and. Just a minute, there s a story in this newspaper. A bank clerk stole one million pounds last week and disappeared with his wife. There s a picture of them here. They look similar. That s it! The money s in the briefcase. I must stop. Now they re going to the departure lounge. Quick. Oh, just a minute. They re saying goodbye to each other. The woman isn t going into the departure lounge. She s walking away. Oh, well, it was exciting for a moment. Oh, what is she doing now? She is talking to another man. Now I wonder. Change the sentence from Simple Present into one using the progressive verb phrase. Change the time expression to "now": They have dinner at 7 o clock. They are having dinner now. 1. He works in the garden every afternoon. 2. They visit us in the summer. 3. They listen to the radio in the evening. 4. Helen does her homework after school. 5. Dick writes to his cousin every week. 6. The children play inside when it rains. 7. He drives to his work every morning. 8. Mr.Pyle reads the paper after breakfast. 9. The train leaves the station at 5.30 p.m. 10. Mary sets the table every afternoon. Answer the following questions. 1. Where are you going to? 2. Do you often go to the theatre? 3. What time does the show finish? 4. Do you go home straight away after the show? 5. Look into the window. What do you see outside? 6. What are you looking at? 7. You are reading an English book, aren t you? 8. You read many English books, don t you? 9. You don t like science fiction films, do you? 10. Which of these films do you like best? 11. Whom are you going to invite to your birthday party? 12. Who is singing in the next room? 13. Are you really learning or just pretending to? 14. Is it raining right now? Analyze the sentences. There are several mistakes in them. Correct the wrong ones. 1. Tom is in his room. He plays the piano. 2. Jill is speaking five languages. 3. I am looking for my glasses. Where are they? 4. My brother is smoking 20 cigarettes a day. 5. I am not understanding what he is speaking about. 6. John is tired, so he has a short sleep. 7. The man in the dark grey coat is looking like Tom Garrett. 8. He doesn t like ballroom dancing. 9. I m looking out of the window, but I m not seeing him. 10. I am remembering that holiday we had in France a few years ago. 11. How much is it costing to send a letter to Paris? 12. My parents are never drinking strong coffee. 13. I hate big cities. 14. The play is beginning at half past seven. 15. What are you thinking of that novel? Read the text and retell it looking at the picture (Use both Present Simple and Present Continuous). 18

18 This is a hotel in England, at the seaside. The people in the picture are staying at the hotel. There are some waiters in the picture. The waiters are standing. The men and women are sitting at the tables. It is a fine day. It isn t raining. The sun is shining. One woman is eating an ice. There are some cups and saucers on the tables. Some of the men are drinking coffee. One of the women is drinking a cup of tea. One of the men is smoking a cigarette. The waiters are not smoking cigarettes. They are not drinking tea or coffee. Is that man eating an ice? No, he isn t. Is that woman smoking a cigarette? No, she isn t. Are the waiters smoking cigarettes? No, they aren t. Are the waiters drinking tea or coffee? No, they aren t. One of the boys is walking to the sands. One of the women is speaking to the waiter. One of the men is reading a newspaper. The children are playing on the yellow sand. A dog is under the table. Is it eating or drinking? No, it isn t eating or drinking. What is it doing? It is sleeping. What are the children doing? They are playing on the sands. Some birds are flying over the sea. Choose the right form. 1. It often (rain) in this part of the world. a) is raining b) rains 2. Take your umbrella. It (rain cats and dogs). a) rains b) is raining 3. Granny is in the kitchen. She (make) a plum cake. a) is making b) makes 19

19 4. My wife often (make) plum cakes. a) is making b) makes 5. Can you phone a bit later, please? Jane (have a bath). a) is having a bath b) has a bath 6. Run downstairs. Your sister (wait for) you. a) is waiting for b) waits for 7. I don t know Spanish, but I (learn) it now. a) am learning b) learn 8. John still (work) in the garden. a) is working b) works Choose Present Simple or Present Continuous. A) Present Simple B) Present Continuous 1. He s in the bath-room. I (to think) he (to wash) his hair. 2. Can I speak to your parents, please? - I m sorry. They (to have) lunch at the moment. 3. Mr. Anderson (to be) an English tourist who (to travel) to Eastern Europe tomorrow. Just now he (to have) breakfast at home. After breakfast he (to go out) to do a lot of things. 4. She s a school teacher. She (to teach) maths. 5. I (to wear) glasses only for reading and watching TV. 6. On Sundays they (to have) dinner at a restaurant. 7. Oh, I (to go) to work as a nurse in Africa, in Kenya, and I (to look) forward to it because it s such an exotic country for me. 8. Some pupils are outside. They (to try) to get in. 9. The weather (to be) terrible today. 10. You can t miss him. He (to wear) a white jacket, and he (to carry) a striped umbrella. 11. We (to wear) woollen clothes in winter. 12. We (to organize) a holiday walking tour in North Scotland. We (to go) to cover 150 miles of mountainous country in ten days. It (to go) to be a hard work. We (to go) to be wet, cold and tired a lot of the time. But it (to go) to be fun! 13. It (to rain) again. 14. The coffee (to taste) delicious. 15. We (to look for) someone who (to want) to make money. 16. John (to play) in the school team this season. 17. you (to see) that nice butterfly near the stream? 18. If you (not to listen) to the radio, please (to switch) it off. 19. I (to hear) someone speaking in the next room. 20. We (to see off) our grandparents this morning. 21. Don t disturb him. He (to smell) flowers in the garden. 22. The cook (to taste) the soup to see if it is right. 23. I (to like) this cake, I (to taste) almond in it. 24. I (not to want) to go anywhere. I (to have) a headache. I (to feel) tired. 20

20 25. It (to get) dark. Let s go home. 26. Jane (to have ) a cold. I (not to think) she ll come to the party. 27. I (to have) my hair cut on Tuesday. 28. The sea (to grow) calmer. We can go to the beach in the afternoon. 29. You always (to make) mistakes in your tests. You should be more attentive. 30. What they (to laugh) at? They (to seem) very happy. 31. I (to see) my employer on Wednesday morning. 32. Who the suit case (to belong) to? 33. The world (to change) rapidly in such fields as business, art and medicine. Translate into English using Present Simple or Present Continuous. 1. По вечерам мы смотрим телевизор, играем в шахматы, много читаем на английском. 2. Сейчас вечер. Мы смотрим телевизор, мама вяжет шерстяную кофту к моему дню рождения. 3. Я встаю в 8 часов, делаю зарядку, принимаю душ, завтракаю, одеваюсь и ухожу на работу. Иногда, когда я опаздываю, я беру такси, но в основном, езжу на автобусе. 4. Сейчас 8 часов. Я встаю. 5. Посмотри в окно! Идет проливной дождь, не забудь взять зонт. 6. В Лондоне часто идет дождь и часто очень пасмурно. 7. Нелли, иди в столовую - звонит телефон. 8. Звонит телефон и Нелли идет в столовую. 9. Я вхожу в столовую, но никто меня не замечает. Все заняты: мать накрывает на стол, отец включает телевизор, сестра режет хлеб, и даже моя собака не поворачивает головы, потому что она лижет лапу. 10. Куда ты идешь? Я иду в кино. 11. Ты часто ходишь в кино? Да, особенно в зимнее время, когда на улице холодно. 12.Я иногда люблю гулять в парке рядом с моим домом, но по выходным я выезжаю за город подышать чистым лесным воздухом. Choose a state or an action verb. 1. I (think) you re right. 2. The farmer (own) the land.3. I (think) about the problem these days.4. We (have) three cars. 5. We (have lunch) at the moment so I ll phone you back in half an hour if that s OK. 6. I (come from) Sweden. 7. I am too tired, I just (come from) Sweden. 8. I (see) your problem. 9. She is not in, she (see) a doctor. 10. This picture (look) nice. 11. I (look) at this picture at the moment. 12. She (appear) very nervous. 13. The milk (smell) strange. 14. Holidays (cost) now a lot of money. 15. He (believe) in God. 16. Now he (love) Sarah, and we (know) it. 17. I (hear) a beautiful song. 18. I (hope) to see you this weekend at the concert. 19. This wine (taste) good. 20. She (taste) the wine to see if it s all right. 21. How much (weigh)? About 56 kilos. 22. I really (admire) Helen. I think she s an excellent manager. 23. I am quite happy for your children to come to the party because I know they (be) very well-behaved. 24. The snake in this picture (represent) the forces of evil. 25. They don t really like it here. They (think) of moving to another town. 26. I really (look forward) to this holiday. The hotel (look) lovely in the photographs. 27. I can t come out with you tonight because I (see) my friend. 28. I II do it if I can but (not to have) much time today. 29. Has she told you? She (expect) twins. 30. I (hope) you (have) a good 21

21 lawyer. Yes, Alison Medley (represent) me at the trial. She (be) the best lawyer now in the town. Insert Present Simple or Present Continuous. 1. Light more quickly than sound (to travel). 2. Actions louder than words (to speak). 3. Every star its own orbit (to have). 4. A stitch in time nine (to save). 5. He best, who last (to laugh). 6. Where is Kitty? Susan her to bed (to put). (Collins) 7. I don t interrupt people when they (to read). (Collins) 8. Why you...? she cried. Because you nonsense. (not to answer, to talk). (Maugham) 9. I should like to know why you always (to read). (Maugham) 10. I ve got fever, Kong, gasped skeleton. Get me the medicine chest, and blankets, I to death! (to freeze). (Maugham) 11. I m so careless. I m so careless. I always my bag about (to leave). (Maugham) 12. Hallo, darling. You very tragic (to look). (Christie) 13. Sorry, Ted. I must go. I m late. Where you? I to have tea with Nurse Hopkins (to go). (Christie) 14. I never him doing any work there, whenever I. He behind a bit of glass all day. (to see, to go in, to sit). (Jerome K. Jerome) 15. Every my tooth brush is a thing that haunts me when I and my life a misery (to travel, to make). (Jerome K Jerome) 16. Robert just now to my uncle, and they hands (to speak, to shake). (Ch. Bronte) 17. And now my written story ends. I look back, once more for the last time before I close these leaves. I. myself, with Agnes at my side, journeying along the road of life. I our children and our friends around us; and I the roar of many voices, not indifferent to me as I travel on (to see, to see, to hear) (Dickens) 18. This is Mr. Slush s latest book. It a wonderful sale (to have). (Leacock) 19. That s the way she always (to talk). (Twain) 20. I to your house next Thursday (to come). (Hilton) Translate into English. 1. Не говорите так громко. Я Вас хорошо слышу. 2. Становится темно. 3. Я уезжаю в Прагу на будущей неделе. 4. Когда бы я ни пришла к Вам, Вы всегда работаете. 5. Где Ваш брат? Он провожает приятеля. 6. Пароход уходит завтра. 7. Я слышу шаги. Кто то идет сюда. 8. Не беспокойте его, когда он работает. 9. Мой брат завтра уезжает в Лондон. 10. Вы чувствуете себя лучше сегодня? 11. Где же наш новый приятель? Его нет дома, он по-обыкновению, встает рано и отправляется куда нибудь. 12. Ее глаза сияют, когда она говорит с ним. 22

22 13. Знаешь ли ты, о чем я думаю? 14. Вы едете в Глазго? 15. Тебе нравится моя сестра? 16. Поднимайтесь наверх. Вас ждут. 17. Почему ты не ешь? 18. Здравствуй. Как себя чувствуешь? 19. В школе занятия начинаются в девять часов утра. 20. Нет! Я не всегда смеюсь. Я вовсе не веселый человек. 21. Ты влюблен? Ты не отвечаешь мне. Отчего ты не отвечаешь? 22. Мама, кто это свистит? 23. Ее голос недурен, но поет она плохо. 24. Ты меня слышишь? настойчиво спросил он. THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE WITH "ALWAYS", "CONSTANTLY", "FOREVER". "Always", "constantly" and "forever" can be used with Present Continuous but with a change in the meaning. "Always" with Present Simple means every time. In this special pattern "always" means very often or too often ; suggests criticism in the opinion of the speaker. e.g.: She is always inviting friends here. = She invites them very often. He is always making silly mistakes = He makes silly mistakes too often. Translate into Russian. 1. She was always powdering her nose, touching up her lips and admiring the effect in a small round looking glass. 2. She was forever changing her mind and writing one will after another. 3. Why are you always coming late? 4. She was always coming and staying for hours giving pointless advice and asking endless questions. 5. Don t ask them. They will be constantly quarelling and getting on everybody s nerves. 6. You are always complaining and grumbling. 7. Why are you always interfering in what doesn t concern you? Match some sentences taken from real conversations. See what emotion is most common for each sentence: interest, criticism, surprise or admiration. Dad is always teasing me. He is always arguing He s always giving people Her best friend is always dropping in He is always having colds My wife s always buying She s always criticizing She s always saying Someone is always giving a party in one of the houses. about my clothes. and chest problems. her family. new products. or fighting. she wishes she was prettier. small presents. to criticize the way she lives her life. 23

23 Make up sentences of your own using Present Continuous with "always", "forever" and "constantly". Translate into English using the word-combinations. worry about nothing, complain about one's health, change one's job, lose one's temper, forget things, buy new clothes, quarrel, lose things, cry, fall in love, talk nonsense. 1. Он всегда говорит чепуху - не слушайте его. 2. Она слишком часто влюбляется. 3. Его ничего не беспокоит. 4. Она вечно жалуется на здоровье. 5. Он слишком часто меняет место работы, так как всегда ссорится с начальством. 6. Она всегда покупает новую одежду, даже тогда, когда в этом нет необходимости. 7. Он вечно забывает свой зонт на работе. 8. Моя бабушка всегда плачет, когда смотрит сериалы по телевизору. Memorize the following stories. HAVE GOT Hi, there! My name s Gloria Gusto. I m an actress. I m from London. I ve got a flat in London and a house in Hollywood, with a swimming-pool. I ve got a new Rolls Royce and a lot of money in the bank. I ve got a husband, and three wonderful children in Hollywood. Life s great! I ve got everything! Hello, my name s Tom Atkins. I m from London, too. I m broke. I haven t got any money. I haven t got a job or a house, or a car. I haven t got any wife, and I haven t got any children. Life's terrible! I haven t got anything! Look at this man. His name is Terry Archer. He isn t from London. He s from Oxford. He s a factory worker. He s got a good job. He s got a car. He hasn t got a big house. He s got a flat. He s got a wife, but he hasn t got any children. Life s all right. Think of the similar stories of your own. 24

24 Complete the story about Ruth using "have got". What about you? What have you got? 1. Ruth is 21. She fair hair and blue eyes. She two brothers: William and Philip, but she any sisters. Her brothers brown air and brown eyes. One of her brothers, Philip, is married and two children, so she s an aunt. Ruth lives with her parents in an apartment. It five rooms but it a garden. She her own room in the apartment. In it she her computer and a TV. She a car but her parents one because they can t drive. Write down negative sentences with have" and "have got. e.g.: I can t make a phone call. I haven t got any change. I don t have any change. 1. I can t read the notice (my glasses). 2. I can t climb up onto the roof (a ladder). 3. We can t visit the museum today (enough time). 4. He can t find his way to our house (a map). 5. She can t pay her bills (any money). 7. They can t get into the house (a key). 8. I can t take any photographs (a camera). THE PAST SIMPLE TENSE Speak about Past Simple of regular verbs and the pronunciation rules of the endings /t/, /d/, /ed/ Match the endings to the correct type of the verb. a) when the verb ends with a voiced consonant, e.g. rob-robbed, use-used, the sound is /.../; b) when the verb ends with a voiceless consonant, e.g. walk-walked, laughlaughed the sound is /.../; c) when the verb ends with /t/ or /d/, e.g. want-wanted, need-needed, the sound is /.../. Put the corresponding sound to the following examples: attacked, blamed, promised, waited, liked, decided, helped, pushed, counted, started, watched, lived, avoided, talked, turned. What do you notice about the spelling of these verbs in Past Simple: smile, stop, try. Many common verbs are irregular and don t follow the -ed rule; give the examples of some of them. How do you make the negative form of Past Simple? What form of the verb follows "didn't"? How do you make past simple questions with "to be"? What time are the adverbs of time, e.g.: ago, in 1998, last month associated with? Identify the regular and the irregular verbs. Put them into the Past Simple Tense form. On the 15 th of October, two men (to try) to get to the top of Everest. They (to make) their camp at the bottom of the mountain. They (to feel) very well in it. It (to be) the highest camp on the mountain. The night before the climb, they (to drink) tea and had supper. They (to discuss) what to take with them 25

25 to the top. They ( to decide) to leave their sleeping bags and tents behind because the equipment (to be) very heavy. Early in the morning they (to have) breakfast and (to get) dressed. Then they (to start) to go up the mountain. It (to be) extremely difficult. The snow (to be) very deep. After a long, hard fight they (to reach) the top together. They (to laugh), (to shout) and (to take) some photographs. Then the sun (to disappear) and the two men (to realize) they (to be) on the top of Everest and it (to be) almost night. Their camp (to be) too far to reach. They (to go) a little way down the mountain, but there (to be) no moon and it (to be) too dangerous. They (to have) to spend the night on the mountain, at about 10,000 metres, with no tent, sleeping bags or food. They (not to believe) it (to be) possible. They (to dig) a hole in the snow, and (to bury) themselves. They (not to sleep). It (to be) 30 C. When the light (to come) at last they (to begin) climbing down, and soon they (to get) to their camp. Everybody (to be) happy. First, complete the story of Maria s day. Choose the words and the wordcombinations from the list below. Then write down the questions that you asked Maria. Spaghetti, 1 p.m., the sports centre, 9 a.m., an Italian restaurant, half an hour later, my brother, a birthday present, a bus, do some work. I left home at (1)... yesterday morning and went to college by (2). I arrived there (3).... My lessons began at (4)... and finished at (5) I went to (6) lunch. I met (7) there and we had lunch together. We both ate (8). After lunch, I bought (9) for my father, and my brother went to (10) to play volleyball. In the evening I stayed at home and (11). Complete the text of this postcard that Tony received from his girlfriend Helen, use Past Simple. Hi, Tony! I'm in San Francisco now. We (arrive) here yesterday. Before that we (spend) 10 days in New York. It (be) wonderful. Pat and me (see) a lot of interesting places including the Empire State Building. We (go) to the top of it. It is very high, and we (get) a bit frightened. We (take) a boat along the river to see the Statue of Liberty. We (walk) through Greenwich Village and (watch) many artists at work. The paintings (be) not so expensive and I (buy) one. We also (go) to the theatre and (see) a new musical. I (like) it very much. The weather (be) OK, a bit wet sometimes. But now it s hot and sunny in San Franciisco. See you soon, Helen Write down the correct form of the Past Simple Tense in the newspaper reports. Report 1: Ten-year-old Ann Burns (swim) over 40 meters yesterday to rescue her younger brother when he (fall) from a boat in Pool harbour. She (catch) the exhausted boy by the hair and (bring) him by giving him the kiss of life". 26