America Street: Student Handouts & Projection Masters. A Multicultural Anthology of Stories Edited by Anne Mazer

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1 America Street: A Multicultural Anthology of Stories Edited by Anne Mazer Student Handouts & Projection Masters CENTER FOR SOCIAL ORGANIZATION OF SCHOOLS Talent Development Secondary 2701 North Charles Street Suite 300 Baltimore, MD

4 The Circuit Memories Handout Memories TIME AND PLACE: Describe your age, the year, the season, the month, etc. PEOPLE: Who was involved? State their names, their relation to you, their ages, what they looked like, etc. SIGHTS: What did you see? Describe your surroundings. SOUNDS AND SMELLS: What did you hear and smell? EMOTIONS: How did you feel? How did other people feel? SUMMARY: Summarize this event in one or two sentences. 52 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.

8 The Loudest Voice Writing Tips Transparency/Handout Tips on Writing a Letter of Complaint Write your letter using a business style format. Be brief and to the point. Describe your problem carefully and clearly. Tell what actions, if any, you have taken so far to deal with the problem. Tell what action you would like the reader to take to solve the problem, and why you think this would be a good solution. Don t become overly emotional or critical in your letter. 92 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.

9 The All-American Slurp Memories Handout Memories TIME AND PLACE: Describe your age, the year, the season, the month, etc. PEOPLE: Who was involved? State their names, their relation to you, their ages, what they looked like, etc. SIGHTS: What did you see? Describe your surroundings. SOUNDS AND SMELLS: What did you hear and smell? EMOTIONS: How did you feel? How did other people feel? SUMMARY: Summarize this event in one or two sentences. Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 119

10 The All-American Slurp Personal Narrative Transparency/Handout The Personal Narrative When you write a personal narrative, you are telling a story a story about your life, told from your point of view. Like any story, your narrative must contain: a sequence of events (a plot) a problem to be solved (a conflict) Your narrative must also make a point (have a theme). This gives other people a reason to read your narrative. It has something to say to them. Writing Tips Involve readers in your story. Bring them close to the action. Don t just tell facts; tell your feelings. Provide details in your telling of events. Make sure these relate to your message. 120 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.

12 Business at Eleven Johnny s Business Handout Creating an Advertisement for Johnny s Business Know the Audience: Describe the kinds of people who are most likely to buy Johnny s magazines. Establish a Goal: State Johnny s business goal. Johnny s Message: Create a catchy headline for the advertisement. More details: Create additional phrases or sentences that will increase the audience s interest in the product or state benefits that the audience will receive. Appeal to the Audience: At the end of the advertisement, tell the audience how to respond to Johnny s business. Illustrations: Consider adding a picture or illustration to catch the audience s attention and/or depict Johnny s business. Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 187

Symbolism in literature is present when a word, event, etc.

13 The Journey Symbolism Transparency Symbolism A symbol is an object, person, action, word, or idea that represents something beyond itself. Symbolism in literature is present when a word, event, etc., is used to represent an idea that goes beyond the meaning of the word, event, etc. Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 17

14 The Journey Letter Transparency #1 The Friendly Letter 601 Charles Street Baltimore, Maryland September 29, 2003 Dear Heather, ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~. Your Friend, Alice 18 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.

15 The Journey Letter Transparency #2 The Business Letter 601 Charles Street Baltimore, Maryland September 29, 2003 Mr. John Smith Editor The Baltimore Sun 1033 Calvert Street Baltimore, Maryland Dear Mr. Smith, ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. Respectfully yours, Alice B. Johnson Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 19

16 The Journey News Article Transparency #1 Parts of a News Article #1 Headline The headline titles the article. It is printed in a larger font and should grab the readers attention. #2 Lead The lead is the first paragraph of a news article. It should contain the most important information of the story. #3 Body The body provides details on the information presented in the lead. 20 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.

17 The Journey News Article Transparency #2 Tips on Writing a News Article Make your headline dramatic so your audience will want to read further. The lead should contain a summary of the who, what, where, when, why, and how information. Report facts. Do not include your opinion in the article, though you may quote the opinions of other people as part of the story. The information in the body should give details that support the basic information stated in the lead. More facts, statistics, and quotations are examples of the kind of information to include in the body. Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 21

18 Raymond s Run Allusion Transparency Examples of Allusion Example #1 My wrestling opponent was a Goliath, but I hoped to be David, and pull out a surprising win. Example #2 While she was at the dance, Roslyn was so worried about the time, I thought she was Cinderella, fearing the stroke of midnight. 36 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.

20 Raymond s Run Creating a Flyer Transparency Creating a Flyer When you write a flyer: Catch your audience s attention. Consider using a picture and anattention-getting phrase. Write in clear, simple sentences. Your audience won t take much time to read it. Don t make it too detailed, but include the most important information. Use plenty of white space (empty space) so the brochure doesn t look cluttered. Don t forget to use color and special fonts to make your message stand out. 38 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.

21 The Circuit Memories Handout Memories TIME AND PLACE: Describe your age, the year, the season, the month, etc. PEOPLE: Who was involved? State their names, their relation to you, their ages, what they looked like, etc. SIGHTS: What did you see? Describe your surroundings. SOUNDS AND SMELLS: What did you hear and smell? EMOTIONS: How did you feel? How did other people feel? SUMMARY: Summarize this event in one or two sentences. 52 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.

22 The Circuit Poetry Transparency #1 The Sounds of Poetry Rhyme What kind of rhyme do you hear in the poem that you are reading or writing? Does every line of the poem rhyme, every other line, or no lines at all? Repetition What kind of repetition do you hear in the poem that you are reading or writing? Do any words, phrases, or entire lines repeat? Do any kinds of sounds repeat, such as beginning consonant sounds or middle vowel sounds? Rhythm What kind of rhythm do you hear in the poem that you are reading or writing? If you clap out the rhythm, do the lines follow a particular pattern? How does the rhythm affect the way you feel about the poem or the subject of the poem? 54 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.

Metaphor Like a simile, metaphor compares two things, but the comparison does not contain the words as or like.

23 The Circuit Poetry Transparency #2 The Language of Poetry Simile The simile compares two seemingly unlike things by using the words as or like. For example, Jon soared like an eagle. Metaphor Like a simile, metaphor compares two things, but the comparison does not contain the words as or like. For example, Jon was an eagle, soaring above the clouds. Personfication In personification, something non-human is given humanlike qualities. For example, the furnace coughed, sputtered, and complained all day long. Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 55

The Circuit Poetry Transparency #3 Poetry Example The wind was a torrent of darkness among the gusty trees, The moon was a ghostly galleon tossed upon cloudy seas, The road was a ribbon of moonlight

24 The Circuit Poetry Transparency #3 Poetry Example The wind was a torrent of darkness among the gusty trees, The moon was a ghostly galleon tossed upon cloudy seas, The road was a ribbon of moonlight over the purple moor, And the highwayman came riding Riding riding The highwayman came riding, up to the old inndoor. from The Highwayman by Alfred Noyes 56 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.

25 The Wrong Lunch Line Dialect Transparency #1 What is dialect? A dialect is a form of a spoken language that is particular to a region, community, social group, etc. The differences in language could be changes in grammar, vocabulary, or pronunciation. Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 69

26 The Wrong Lunch Line Dialect Transparency #2 Example of Dialect Come in, says the woman, and I did. She says: Take a cheer. I done it. She looked me all over with her little shiny eyes, and says: What might your name be? Sarah Williams. Where bouts do you live? In this neighborhood? No m. In Hookerville, seven mile below. I ve walked all the way and I m all tired out. Hungry, too, I reckon. I ll find you something. No m. I ain t hungry. I was so hungry I had to stop two miles below here at a farm; so I ain t hungry no more. It s what makes me so late. My mother s down sick, and out of money and everything, and I come to tell my uncle Abner Moore. He lives at the upper end of the town, she says. I hain t ever been here before. Do you know him? No, but I don t know everybody yet. I haven t lived here quite two weeks. It s a considerable ways to the upper end of the town. Mark Twain, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finnd 70 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.

really meant. That sounded terrible! Wow!

28 The Loudest Voice Irony Transparency #1 Verbal Irony Verbal irony occurs when there is a difference between what is stated and what is really meant. That sounded terrible! Wow! I ve never heard music like that! 86 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.

The Loudest Voice Irony Transparency #2 Dramatic Irony

what a character thinks and what the audience knows to be

knows that it s just Harry s Uncle Fred playing a trick.

29 The Loudest Voice Irony Transparency #2 Dramatic Irony Dramatic irony occurs when there is a difference between what a character thinks and what the audience knows to be true. Harry believes his house is haunted, but the audience knows that it s just Harry s Uncle Fred playing a trick. Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 87

The audience is sure that the story s main character will win the race, but, in

30 The Loudest Voice Irony Transparency #3 Situational Irony In situational irony an event or circumstance occurs that a character or the audience does not expect. The audience is sure that the story s main character will win the race, but, in fact, she loses. 88 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.

31 The Loudest Voice Irony Transparency #4 Identifying Irony Is it verbal, dramatic, or situational irony? Example #1 (Montressor has led Fortunato, whom he plans to kill, deep underground to a damp wine vault. The dampness begins to affects Fortunato s health.) Enough, [Fortunato] said; the cough is a mere nothing; it will not kill me. I will not die of a cough. True, true, [Montressor] replied. The Cask of Amontillado by Edgar Allan Poe Example #2 Fortunato thinks he is going to the wine vault to taste wine, but the audience knows Montressor is planning to murder him there. The Cask of Amontillado by Edgar Allan Poe Example #3 Two thugs kidnap a boy, expecting his family to pay a large ransom for his return. As it turns out, the boy is a brat. The kidnappers have to pay the family to take back the boy. The Ransom of Red Chief by O. Henry Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 89

32 The Loudest Voice Letter of Complaint Transparency The Letter of Complaint 601 Charles Street Baltimore, Maryland September 29, 2003 Mr. John Smith Editor The Baltimore Sun 1033 Calvert Street Baltimore, Maryland Dear Mr. Smith, ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. Respectfully yours, Alice B. Johnson Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 91

33 The Loudest Voice Writing Tips Transparency/Handout Tips on Writing a Letter of Complaint Write your letter using a business style format. Be brief and to the point. Describe your problem carefully and clearly. Tell what actions, if any, you have taken so far to deal with the problem. Tell what action you would like the reader to take to solve the problem, and why you think this would be a good solution. Don t become overly emotional or critical in your letter. 92 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.

The All-American Slurp Introductory Sentences Transparency Introductory Sentences If you really want to hear about it, the first thing you ll probably want to know is where I was born, and what my

34 The All-American Slurp Introductory Sentences Transparency Introductory Sentences If you really want to hear about it, the first thing you ll probably want to know is where I was born, and what my lousy childhood was like, and how my parents were occupied and all before they had me, and all that David Copperfield kind of crap, but I don t feel like going into it, if you want to know the truth. J.D. Salinger, Catcher in the Rye Get it! Kill it! Edwidge Danticat, Krik! Krak! In the morning he pulls on his mask and grinds his fist into his palm. Junot Diaz, Drown My sister Kwan believes she has yin eyes. Amy Tan, One Hundred Secret Senses As Gregor Samsa awoke one morning from uneasy dreams, he found himself transformed in this bed into a gigantic insect. Franz Kafka, The Metamorphosis 118 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.

35 The All-American Slurp Personal Narrative Transparency/Handout The Personal Narrative When you write a personal narrative, you are telling a story a story about your life, told from your point of view. Like any story, your narrative must contain: a sequence of events (a plot) a problem to be solved (a conflict) Your narrative must also make a point (have a theme). This gives other people a reason to read your narrative. It has something to say to them. Writing Tips Involve readers in your story. Bring them close to the action. Don t just tell facts; tell your feelings. Provide details in your telling of events. Make sure these relate to your message. 120 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.

37 Sixth Grade Conflict Transparency #1 Conflict is the struggle between two opposing forces. An internal conflict occurs inside a person, such as an attitude or feeling that must be changed. Outer conflicts can be between people between people and an organization or idea between people and outside forces, such as nature Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 149

38 Sixth Grade Conflict Transparency #2 Identifying Conflict Example #1 A national emergency has been declared this afternoon It is absolutely imperative that every individual stay indoors tonight The birds, in vast numbers, are attacking anyone on sight Daphne du Maurier, The Birds Example #2 She suffered constantly, feeling that all the attributes of a gracious life, every luxury, should rightly have been hers. The poverty of her rooms the shabby walls, the worn furniture, the ugly upholstery caused her pain. All these things that another woman of her class would not have even noticed, tormented her and made her angry. Guy De Maupassant, The Necklace 150 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.

39 President Cleveland, Where Are You? Setting Transparency #1 How an Author Uses Setting An author can use setting to: Organize the events in the story Describe the story s time period Describe where the story takes place Develop a character s background or personality Make a story realistic Develop a story s theme Create an atmosphere or mood 166 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.

the action take place? Does the author include many details about the setting? If so, why?

40 President Cleveland, Where Are You? Setting Transparency #2 Analyzing a Story s Setting You can ask the following questions about setting: Where and when does the action take place? Does the author include many details about the setting? If so, why? Does the setting affect the characters? If so, how? Does the setting create a certain feeling? If so, what is it? Does the setting help communicate a theme? If so, how? Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 167

41 President Cleveland, Where Are You? Writing a Proposal Transparency Writing a Proposal A proposal is a plan of action or an offer. A person or group hears or reads the proposal and decides whether to accept or reject it. You must be persuasive if you want a person or group to accept your idea for a new line of trading cards. Present your idea as clearly as possible. Tell why your plan is a good one. Give reasons why your new product idea will be a successful one in other words, why people will want to buy the cards. 168 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.

Business at Eleven Springboard Activity Handout Thunderbird Pro Vacuum

Business at Eleven Writing an Advertisement Transparency Writing an Advertisement In order to write a good advertisement, you must: Know who your audience is Know what your goal is Get your

Create a headline that will catch your audience s interest so they will pay attention to the advertisement. A good headline arouses the audience s curiosity or describes an important benefit.

43 Business at Eleven Writing an Advertisement Transparency Writing an Advertisement In order to write a good advertisement, you must: Know who your audience is Know what your goal is Get your message across An advertisement always answers the audience s question, What s in it for me? Tell your audience how they can benefit from buying your product or service. Create a headline that will catch your audience s interest so they will pay attention to the advertisement. A good headline arouses the audience s curiosity or describes an important benefit. After the headline, add phrases or sentences that increase desire for the product. Finish your advertisement by telling your audience what you want them to do. 186 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.

Business at Eleven Writing a Speech Transparency Writing a Speech A speech can be informative, persuasive, entertaining, or a little of each. What should Johnny s speech be?

Reciting a quote, telling a funny story, or telling an amazing fact or statistic, are all great ways to start a speech. The body is the middle and main part of the speech.

44 Business at Eleven Writing a Speech Transparency Writing a Speech A speech can be informative, persuasive, entertaining, or a little of each. What should Johnny s speech be? A speech contains three sections: The introduction is the beginning of the speech. It must catch the audience s attention. Reciting a quote, telling a funny story, or telling an amazing fact or statistic, are all great ways to start a speech. The body is the middle and main part of the speech. It is where you develop your main ideas ideas that contribute to the topic of your speech. Supporting details for each idea must be stated here also. The conclusion, the end of the speech, is sometimes the only part the audience will remember. Make it strong, clear, and memorable! 188 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.

45 The White Umbrella Figurative Language Transparency #1 Figurative Language Writers use words to create images or pictures for the reader. To create these images, writers provide details of sight, sound, taste, smell, hearing, and movement. Writers often use figurative language to create these images. Unusual comparisons are made through the use of figurative language, which cause the reader to look at things in a new way. The three most common kinds of figurative language are similes, metaphors, and personification. 214 Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved.

46 The White Umbrella Figurative Language Transparency #2 Kinds of Figurative Language Similes compare things using the word as or like. He was as silent as the motionless pond. Metaphors compare things without using the words as or like. The moon was our lighthouse. Personification is the giving of human attributes to something that is not human. The vine wrapped its arms around the tree. Copyright The Johns Hopkins University. All Rights Reserved. 215

Elements Of Poetry FORM SOUND DEVISES IMAGERY MOOD/TONE THEME

Elements Of Poetry FORM SOUND DEVISES IMAGERY MOOD/TONE THEME Poetry: Poetry is a form of writing that uses not only words, But also form, Patterns of sound, Imagery, And figurative language To convey