Embedded Systems and Software
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1 Embedded Systems and Software Magnetic Card Readers Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide
2 Magtek Magnetic Stripe Reader Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 2
3 Magtek Interface Power GND STROBE CARD PRESENT Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 3
4 Magtek Magnetic Stripe Reader Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 4
5 Magtek - Which Side? Mag Stripe at Bottom Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 5
6 Omron V3B Magnetic Stripe Reader Omron OV3B-4K Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 6
7 Omron V3B Which Side? Arrow Indicates Direction of Swipe Reader is on this side, so hold the card so the strip is facing right Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 7
8 Omron V3B Interface V cc = 5 V Brown Red Orange Yellow Green Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 8
9 External Interrupts The Mag-stripe reader is a self-clocked device The rate at which data is read from the card stripe is determined by the speed at which the user is swiping the card through the reader This speed can vary from 2 in/sec to 25 in/sec. Hence we cannot just service the mag-stripe reader at a fixed, periodic rate Use (external) interrupts A strobe signal from the reader identifies the bit boundaries in the data stored on the mag-stripe We use this strobe signal to generate an interrupt each time another bit-value needs to be read from the stripe reader Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 9
10 Mag-stripe Reader Timing Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide
11 Mag-stripe Reader Timing We probably don t need to worry about this signal. Just start reading whenever reader starts generating strobe pulses Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide
12 Mag-stripe Reader Timing Manufacturer recommends reading on the negative-going edge of STROBE Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 2
13 Possible Interface of Magtek Reader to the AVR Magtek Reader Atmega88PA PB PD3/INT (Green) (Orange) (Brown) 2 The manufacturer recommends reading data at the negative-going edge of STROBE, so configure INT accordingly. Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 3
14 Possible Interface of Magtek Reader to the AVR Magtek Reader Atmega88PA Decoupling capacitor ensures clean power supply to the reader. PB PD3/INT (Green) (Orange) (Brown) 2 The manufacturer recommends reading data at the negative-going edge of STROBE, so configure INT accordingly. Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 4
15 Possible Interface of Omron Reader to the AVR Omron Reader Atmega88PA PB PD3/INT 3 2 Omron Card Reader (Orange) (Brown) (Red) Yellow 5 (Green) The manufacturer recommends reading data at the negative-going edge of STROBE, so configure INT accordingly. Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 5
16 Mag-stripe format (ISO/ANSI 78) Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 6
17 Mag-stripe format (ISO/ANSI 78) Our MagTek reads only Track 2 Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 7
18 Track 2 Format Data will be framed at both ends by strings of zero bits Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 8
19 Track 2 Format We will use only this part Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 9
20 Track 2 Format Start Sentinel Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 2
21 Track 2 Format Field Separator Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 2
22 Track 2 Format End Sentinel Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 22
23 Track 2 Format Could use this to make your application robust Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 23
24 Sample Track 2 Data ;88492=22848? From UI ID card Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 24
25 Track 2 Format Odd Parity b3 b2 b b Meaning of Group Track 2 data characters are 4 bits + parity. Must be numeric: x x9) Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 25
26 Track 2 Format Odd Parity b3 b2 b b Meaning of Group Characters are recorded LSb first with parity at the end i.e., right to left in this diagram Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 26
27 Track 2 Format Odd Parity b3 b2 b b Meaning of Group The data output from the stripe reader is inverted. Logical zeros will be read as high values, logical ones as low. Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 27
28 Oscilloscope screen capture of card swipe STROBE Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 28
29 Oscilloscope screen capture of card swipe STROBE Note that bit period varies as user swipes at different speeds Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 29
30 Oscilloscope screen capture of card swipe STROBE Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 3
31 Oscilloscope screen capture of card swipe STROBE Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 3
32 Oscilloscope screen capture of card swipe STROBE Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 32
33 Oscilloscope screen capture of card swipe STROBE Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 33
34 Oscilloscope screen capture of card swipe STROBE Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 34
35 Oscilloscope screen capture of card swipe STROBE Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 35
36 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 36 Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Oscilloscope screen capture of card swipe STROBE
37 Oscilloscope screen capture of card swipe STROBE b b b2 b3 P Start Sentinel = xb Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 37
38 Oscilloscope screen capture of card swipe STROBE b b b2 b3 P Start Sentinel = xb Odd parity Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 38
39 Oscilloscope screen capture of card swipe STROBE b b b2 b3 P Start Sentinel = xb b b b2 b3 P st Data Char = x8 Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 39
40 Mag-Card Reader Concluding Comments Recognizing the start sentinel Bit pattern if card is swiped properly: String of zero bits: Sentinel: Thus, bit pattern is x x x x Write a state machine to recognize the bit pattern Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 4
41 Reference: Magnetic Stripe Reader Terminology Lo-Co card Hi-Co card BPI BPC Coercivity CDL IPS ISO LRC MSR ES SS FS AAMVA Low coercivity magnetic stripe card. Easier to write and writes are less expensive High coercivity magnetic stripe card. High-coercivity magstripes are harder to erase, and appropriate frequently-used or long-life cards Bits Per Inch Bits Per Character. For example, Track 2 has 5 BPC: 4 data + parity The resistance of a magnetic field to change, in Oersted California Drivers License Format Inches Per Second International Standards Organization Longitudinal Redundancy Check a form of error check character Magnetic Stripe Reader End Sentinel Start Sentinel Field Separator American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 4
42 Reference: ISO Card Format Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 42
43 Reference: ISO Track Allowed Characters Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 43
44 Reference: ISO Track 2 & 3 Allowed Characters Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 44
45 Embedded Systems and Software, 55:36. The University of Iowa, 23 Magnetic Card Readers Slide 45
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