Learning Strategies: Clues to Setting

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Myra Hubbard
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Learning Strategies: Clues to Setting Read each story. Then answer the questions. 1. It was summer. The sand was very hot. The waves were tall. The breeze smelled salty.

1 Learning Strategies: Clues to Setting Read each story. Then answer the questions. 1. It was summer. The sand was very hot. The waves were tall. The breeze smelled salty. Do you think the water is warm? Jerry asked his friend. Caleb laughed. There s only one way to find out. Write two clues that tell where the story takes place. Where are Jerry and Caleb? 2. There s nowhere to park, said Dad. Joanie looked around. The parking lot was filled with cars. Look at all these shoppers, said Joanie. It was a rainy Saturday. People wanted to be inside. Joanie sighed. Dad said, After we find a place to park, we ll go to your favorite stores. Write two clues that tell where the story takes place. Where are Dad and Joanie? Tell a family member about a storm you experienced, read about, or saw in a film. Include details about the setting.

2 Learning Strategies: Compare Genres Read each passage. Mark an X next to the correct genre. Explain the features that helped you to decide. 1. Dear Aunt Peggy, How are you? I am fine. Space Camp is fun! Every day I learn something new. Maybe some day I will visit the Space Station. Love, Bobbie Informational Article How-To Poster Letter 2. Benjamin Franklin was a scientist. He learned about electricity. He also was a great leader. Franklin helped write the Declaration of Independence. He also helped start the first public library. Today, Americans thank Benjamin Franklin for his work in science, politics, and literature. Informational Article How-To Poster Letter Write a short letter to a friend. Explain to a family member why your letter is different from an informational article and a how-to poster.

3 Learning Strategies: Fantasy and Reality Read each statement. Do you think it is possible? Write R for Reality and F for Fantasy. 1. A duck lays one thousand eggs in a day. 2. The dog used different sounds to communicate. 3. His cat ran as fast as the car. 4. Scientists discovered a fish living in a tree. 5. New kinds of animals come to Earth from outer space. 6. Her pet goldfish lived for three years. 7. The stars are home to many animals. 8. The seagull lost a feather. Tell a family member one event that could be reality and one event that would have to be fantasy.

4 Learning Strategies: Identify Character Read the passage. Look for clues that tell you about the character. I Don t Want to Be Extinct! The jungle where I live May be gone one day. It is getting very small. I m a gorilla from Africa. I eat plants and leaves and ants. I m very big. I m six feet tall. And I am asking you My caring human friend To help to save us all. 1. Where does the main character live? 2. What does the main character look like? 3. What does the main character eat? 4. What does the main character want? Write three sentences about an interesting character in a book you read. Show your sentences to a family member.

5 Learning Strategies: Infer and Predict Read the passage. Use what the author has told you to answer the questions. Write a complete sentence for each answer. The Picnic Ashley, Tawana, and Gina liked being together. So they planned a weekend picnic. Each girl would bring something on Saturday. They all decided to bring their favorite games. Ashley wanted to bake an apple pie. Tawana wanted to make a salad. Gina said she would buy lemonade at the store. On Saturday Ashley looked out the window. Dark clouds were in the sky. Suddenly, the phone rang. It was Tawana. She said, Ashley, I have some bad news! 1. How do you know Ashley, Tawana, and Gina are friends? 2. How do you know the girls like to play games? 3. How do you know Ashley and Tawana like to cook? 4. How do you know Saturday s weather is bad? What will happen the next time the three girls go on a picnic? Write three sentences that show your predictions. Share your sentences with a family member.

6 Learning Strategies: Preview Read the title and answer the first question. Then read the passage and answer the second question. The Unusual House Guest When Melinda came home, her bedroom was a mess. The window and closet door were open. Her clothes were everywhere. Mom, said Melinda, Tilly has been in my room. Tilly was Melinda s younger sister. Sometimes Tilly liked to wear her older sister s clothes. But it wasn t Tilly. Melinda picked up her clothes from the floor. Then she heard a sound. Aaaah! she screamed. Mom, there s an animal in my closet! 1. What did you learn about the story from the title? 2. What do you predict will happen next? Tell a family member about how well you were able to predict what the story was about.

7 Learning Strategies: Reread for Details Read the passage below. Reread to help answer the questions. Unusual Horses Seahorses are unusual animals. You might think a seahorse is a horse that likes to swim. Seahorses do swim! But they don t have legs. They can t even live on land. Seahorses are fish. Seahorses look different from other fish. A seahorse s head looks a bit like a horse s head. Many seahorses also have tiny fins. And seahorses have a tail that can curl up under them. Seahorses use their tail to hold onto plants, and sometimes each other. One unusual thing about seahorses is their pouch. Other animals have pouches, too. But among seahorses, the father has the pouch. He keeps the eggs safe until the babies are ready to be born. 1. How do you think the seahorse got its name? 2. What can a seahorse do with its tail? 3. How is a father seahorse different from a mother seahorse? Share what you learned about seahorses with a family member.

8 Learning Strategies: Sequence of Events Read the passage. Jose s Afternoon It was a sunny afternoon. Jose sat at his desk. He looked up at the clock. The clock said it was two o clock. School would soon be over. Jose wanted to be outside. Suddenly, the bell rang. Jose ran out of school. He saw his friends. Together they ran to the park. They played soccer for an hour. Jose scored a goal. His team won the game. After the game, Jose walked home. List the story events in the correct sequence. Write 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 on the lines. He saw that school was almost over. His team won the game. Jose played soccer for an hour. The school bell rang. Jose sat at his desk and looked at the clock. Write three sentences that tell what Jose did next. Share your sentences with a family member.

9 Learning Strategies: Sequence of Events Read the passage. Then number the events in the order in which they occurred in the passage. The first one is done for you. Irving Irving was a snail. He was growing too big for his little shell. One morning he decided to find a new home. On the street, Irving saw a small can. He climbed inside. This house is too big! he thought. The next day, Irving found a teacup. This home looks perfect, he thought. But the teacup had a big crack. If it rains, I will get wet. On the third day, Irving saw a store. I can t find a home. But maybe I can buy one, he thought. Irving crossed the street. Do you sell homes? he asked the store owner. The store owner smiled. We sell shells, he said. Irving climbed inside a small can. Irving saw a store. 1 Irving was too big for his shell. The store owner said he sold shells. Irving decided to find a new home. Irving found a cracked teacup. Write five sentences telling what you did on your last birthday. Be sure to write the events in the order in which they happened. Share your sentences with a family member.

10 Reader s Companion Taking Care of the Young Raccoon babies are very small when they are born. They cannot stand or open their eyes. Only female raccoons take care of the babies. A mother might have four babies to take care of alone. She must leave them in the den when she looks for food. In the den, the raccoon babies are safe from danger. The mother raccoon worries that other animals might find her den. So after a few months, the family moves. By then, the babies can walk and climb. Their mother has taught them to take care of themselves. Use What You Know List three things you know about raccoons Reading Strategy What are raccoons like when they are born? Underline one sentence that tells you. Comprehension Check Circle the sentences that explain which parent takes care of the raccoon babies.

11 Use the Strategy Why does the mother raccoon move her family? Reread the passage to find the answer. Retell It! Retell this passage as if you are a zookeeper. Tell a group of children about raccoons. Reader s Response Which of the animals would you like to learn more about? Why? Retell the passage to a family member.

Reader s Companion The Star Llama The star llama drank for a very long time. Then she looked at the sad Inca boy and smiled. When she jumped back into the sky, bits of llama wool fell.

12 Reader s Companion The Star Llama The star llama drank for a very long time. Then she looked at the sad Inca boy and smiled. When she jumped back into the sky, bits of llama wool fell. The boy felt the silver wool. It was soft and warm. As the sun began to rise, the boy gathered the llama wool. It glowed in his hands like starlight. He carried the wool to the city and sold it. With the money, he bought a house and two frisky young llamas. He never forgot the star llama. And he was never lonely again. Genre In fables, animals often behave like humans. Underline a sentence that describes the llama acting like a human. Reading Strategy List two things that are fantasy Comprehension Check Draw a box around one sentence that is reality.

13 Use the Strategy What happened when the llama jumped into the sky? Reread the passage to find the answer. Tell if the answer is fantasy or reality. Retell It! Retell this passage as if you are a storyteller visiting a class of younger students. Reader s Response What did you learn about the boy from the passage? Retell the passage to a family member.

14 Reader s Companion Mustangs When Spanish explorers came to America, they brought horses. The first horses came to the western United States in the 1500s. As the explorers traveled through the Southwest, some horses escaped. They lived in herds in the wild. By the 1800s, about two million horses roamed the American West. Reading Strategy Look at the title. List two things this passage could be about Genre ******* Some Native Americans captured and trained mustangs. Native Americans became skilled at riding horses. Hunting and traveling became easier on horseback. Horses helped Native Americans carry their possessions when they moved. Reading selections always have a title. List two other titles you could give this passage Comprehension Check Underline how many mustangs roamed the American West in the 1800s.

15 Use the Strategy Preview the first paragraph of the passage. What do you think happened to all these wild horses? Retell It! Retell the passage as if you were a Native American with a new mustang. Write a journal entry about your horse. Reader s Response Write about an animal that helps other people. Explain why that kind of animal is helpful. Retell the passage to a family member.

Reader s Companion Vesuvius Erupts! About 2,000 people stayed in the city. Some chose to stay. Others were trapped. All of them died. But 20,000 people were able to escape.

16 Reader s Companion Vesuvius Erupts! About 2,000 people stayed in the city. Some chose to stay. Others were trapped. All of them died. But 20,000 people were able to escape. In less than two days, ash and rocks buried the city. Heavy rain made the ash hard like cement. Pompeii stayed buried for almost 1,700 years! In about 1750, the King of Naples ordered workers to uncover Pompeii. Use What You Know List three things you know about volcanoes Genre Underline one sentence that tells you how many people escaped. Reading Strategy Circle the title. What does it tell you about the reading?

17 Use the Strategy How did making predictions help you to understand the passage? Retell It! Retell this passage as if you are a news reporter living in Pompeii at the time of the eruption. Reader s Response Think about Pompeii at the time Vesuvius erupts. What would you do to stay safe? Retell the passage to a family member.

18 Reader s Companion Hurricane! Use What You Know A man ran toward us. He worked at a nearby hotel. Señor! Señorita! he called. A big storm is coming. You must leave the beach now! He told us that a hurricane was approaching. Everyone had to go to a shelter. But the water is so nice, I said sadly. Hurricanes are dangerous. We must leave, Dad said. Mom smiled to make me feel better. Just then, I felt a breeze. Suddenly, the wind grew stronger and sand flew all around the beach. Let s go! Dad said. List three things you know about hurricanes Reading Strategy Circle two examples in the passage that tell you about the setting. Comprehension Check Someone ran over to the family on the beach. Underline the paragraph that tells you who this was.

19 Use the Strategy What clues in the passage helped you understand what a hurricane is like? Retell It! Retell this passage as if you are a weather reporter. Tell people about the approaching hurricane. Reader s Response What would you do if a hurricane were coming? Retell the passage to a family member.

20 Reader s Companion Why Mosquitoes Buzz in People s Ears Just then, Turtle walked by. Turtle! Lion roared. Are you Snake s friend? What? Turtle removed the leaves from her ears. Yes, I am Snake s friend. Then why didn t you speak when Snake said hello? asked Lion. I did not hear him, said Turtle. Mosquito gossips, so I put leaves in my ears. All this mischief started with you, Mosquito, the angry lion said. You may never talk again. All the animals were satisfied, but not Mosquito. Even today mosquitoes want to talk. But all they can do is buzzzzz! Use What You Know List three reasons it s a bad idea to gossip Genre Underline the sentences es that tell you this is a pourquoi tale. Reading Strategy Lion asked Turtle a question. Circle the sentence that tells what Turtle did next.

21 Use the Strategy How did paying attention to the events in the plot of the story help you understand the passage? Retell It! Retell this passage as if you are one of the characters in the tale. Reader s Response What did this passage teach you about gossip? Retell the passage to a family member.

Reader s Companion John Henry and the Machine The stranger boasted that his drilling machine could do more work than ten men. Impossible! John Henry cried. No machine can do more work than I can.

John Henry raised his hammer. John Henry and the machine worked. They worked all day and night. They each broke through the thick wall, one rock at a time.

22 Reader s Companion John Henry and the Machine The stranger boasted that his drilling machine could do more work than ten men. Impossible! John Henry cried. No machine can do more work than I can. The stranger challenged John Henry to a contest. He wanted to prove what his machine could do. He pointed to a wall of rock. Let s see who can drill through that! Then he started his machine. John Henry raised his hammer. John Henry and the machine worked. They worked all day and night. They each broke through the thick wall, one rock at a time. Use What You Know MTT_Text List three things MTT_Text you know MTT_Text about John MTT_Text Henry. MTT_ Text. 1. MTT_Text MTT_Text MTT_Text MTT_Text? Comprehension Check Comprehension How does John Henry MTT_Text MTT_Text MTT_ feel about his ability Text MTT_Text MTT_Text to work hard? Underline MTT_TextMTT_Text MTT_ the words that tell Text. you the answer. Reading Strategy What do you know about the main character of the passage? Circle two words that tell you something about that character.

Retell this passage as if you are John Henry explaining what happened.

23 Use the Strategy What words helped you learn more about the character in the passage? Retell It! Retell this passage as if you are John Henry explaining what happened. Reader s Response Do you like stories like the one about John Henry? Why or why not? Retell the passage to a family member.

24 Think It Over Reread to tell about the story. A long time ago, we drove on roads that had a lot of rocks and bumps. A horse led the way. We used a stick and a rope to tell the horse which way to go. We pulled the rope to say, Stop! A. Answer the questions. 1. How were roads in the past? 2. How did the horse know which way to go? 3. Why do you think the roads were full of rocks and bumps?

25 B. Complete the KWL Chart. In the first column, write about how people lived long ago. Write what you want to know in the middle column. In the last column, write what you learned. K- What I Know W- What I Want to Know L- What I Learned

26 Think It Over Reread to tell about the story. A big fair was held in The sun was bright and high in the clear, blue sky. A lot of kids and adults came to play and have fun. They were hot. They ate a lot of ice cream. A. Answer the questions. 1. Why were the people hot? 2. Why do you think people like to eat ice cream? 3. Draw a picture of a fair.

27 B. Write words that tell about ice cream. Ice Cream

28 Think It Over Reread to tell about the story. Today, Lady Bird s legacy lives on. Flowers are still planted at the nation s capital. Highways around the country have flowers planted by them, too. Lady Bird worked hard to keep America beautiful. A. Answer the questions. 1. Where are flowers planted today? 2. What did Lady Bird work hard to do?

29 B. Think about Lady Bird Johnson s life. Number the events from 1 4 to show the order that they happened. 1. Lady Bird married Lyndon B. Johnson. 2. Lady Bird was born in Lady Bird Johnson started a project. She planted millions of flowers. 4. Lyndon B. Johnson became President of the United States.

Think It Over Reread to tell about the story. A nest with eggs sits high in this tree.

Mother bird will wait till her chicks grow in the eggs.

Then Mother will find a meal her chicks can eat. A. Answer the questions. 1.

30 Think It Over Reread to tell about the story. A nest with eggs sits high in this tree. Twigs, twine, and trash make up this nest. Mother bird will wait till her chicks grow in the eggs. Small chicks will poke holes and crack the shells. Then Mother will find a meal her chicks can eat. A. Answer the questions. 1. What makes up the nest? Circle the answer. a. leaves c. feathers b. twigs, twine, and trash d. a tree 2. What is Mother bird waiting for? She is waiting for. 3. How do the chicks get out of the eggs? The chicks.

31 B. Read each sentence. Write the number of each Cause next to its Effect. CAUSE 1. The bird sits on her eggs. EFFECT A fl y gets stuck. 2. The spider spins a web. It will have food for winter. 3. The bird catches a worm. 4. The squirrel piles up nuts at home. The chicks hatch. The chick can eat.

Think It Over Reread to tell about the story. Sue felt alone. Sue felt a bit scared. Mom held Sue. Sue was cold and wet. She moaned, Mom, when will I be a big frog?

32 Think It Over Reread to tell about the story. Sue felt alone. Sue felt a bit scared. Mom held Sue. Sue was cold and wet. She moaned, Mom, when will I be a big frog? Mom said, Soon. It is true. You will be a big frog in a few weeks. A. Answer the questions. 1. Who is Sue? Sue is a. 2. How did she feel? Sue felt. 3. What was Sue s problem? Sue wanted.

33 B. Write what happened to Sue in the beginning, middle, and end of the story. Beginning Middle End

34 Think It Over Reread to tell about the story. The ocelot is about twice as big as a pet cat and has fur with lots of spots. The spots help the ocelot to hide so it can be safe and look for food. Ocelots come out at night.they may hunt birds, fish, and other small animals. A. Answer the questions. 1. What does an ocelot look like? 2. How do spots help the ocelot? 3. What do ocelots hunt?

35 B. Complete the KWL Chart. In the first column, write what you already knew about plants and animals of the desert. In the middle column, write what you wanted to know. In the last column, write what you learned. K- What I Know W- What I Want to Know L- What I Learned

Yams, soups, and stews are things I eat, too. I like to play tag with my friends.

36 Think It Over Reread to tell about the story. My name is Bayo. My home is in Nigeria. It is hot and dry there. I like to eat warm bread with meat and rice. Yams, soups, and stews are things I eat, too. I like to play tag with my friends. I chase them, and I run as fast as I can. A. Answer the questions. 1. Where does Bayo come from? 2. What does she like to eat? 3. What kind of a girl do you think she is?

37 B. Write a sentence to answer each question about Tori. Who is Tori writing to? Pen Pals What does her name mean? Where does Tori live? When does she fly her kite? Why does she want you to send a note?

Think It Over Reread to tell about the story. I live on a big continent.

My flag has only two colors. It is red with yellow stars. One star is big.

Where does this boy live? a. Europe c. Africa b. Asia d. Australia. 2.

38 Think It Over Reread to tell about the story. I live on a big continent. It is called Asia. I live in a country called China. My flag has only two colors. It is red with yellow stars. One star is big. The other stars are not big. A. Answer the questions. 1. Where does this boy live? a. Europe c. Africa b. Asia d. Australia. 2. What colors are on the flag of China? 3. Look at the map on this page. Is Hong Kong north or south of Shanghai?

39 B. Think of the place where you live. Think of another place like the ones you read about in the story. Put things that are alike in the middle. Put things that are different on one side or the other. Where You Live Alike Another Place

40 Think It Over Reread to tell about the story. In the morning, Star reads in her classroom at school. Star likes to share her books with her friends. Carl likes to each lunch with his friends. Carl has fun throughout the day. A. Circle the letter of the right answer. Then write the word. 1. In the morning, Star. a. writes c. reads b. plays d. cleans up 2. Star likes to share her. a. snack c. toys b. pencils d. books 3. Carl likes to eat lunch with his. a. friends c. family b. teachers d. teammates

41 B. Fill in the diagram to compare and contrast your morning with Star s morning. Put things that are the same in the middle. Put things that are different on one side or the other. Star s morning Both My morning

Learning Strategies: Author s Purpose

Learning Strategies: Author s Purpose Read each sentence to find out if the author s purpose is to entertain, persuade, or inform. The first one is done for you. 1. The winters on the prairie are harsh.