Foreignization and Domestication in English Translations of Culture- Specific Items in the Holy Qur an (Chapter 5)

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Foreignization and Domestication in English Translations of Culture- Specific Items in the Holy Qur an (Chapter 5)"

Ethan Greer
5 years ago
Views:

1 Islamic Azad University Science and Research Campus Faculty of Literature and Foreign Languages Department of Translation Studies Foreignization and Domestication in English Translations of Culture- Specific Items in the Holy Qur an (Chapter 5) A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment for the Requirements of the Degree of Master of Arts in Translation Studies Advisor: Salar Manafi Anari, PhD Reader: Mohammad khatib, PhD By Naheed Sheerzad February

2 Table of Contents Abstract 10 Acknowledgements... 3 List of Tables... 9 CHAPTER ONE Introduction Background and the Purpose Statement of the Problem Significance of the Study Purpose of the Study Research Question Statement of Hypotheses Theoretical Framework Definition of Key Terms Delimitation of Study CHAPTER TWO Review of the Related Literature Overview Translation Studies Cultural Turn in Translation Studies Cultural Turn and Translation of Holy Texts Foreignization and Domestication Historical Background Foreignizing and Domesticating Translation The Translator s Invisibility Domestication and Translation from Arabic The Holy Qur an Qur an Translation Historical Background

3 Style and Strategies of Qur anic Translation The Translatability and Legitimacy of Translating the Qur an Culture Specific Items in the Holy Qur an (CSIs) Strategies for Translating Culture Specific Items CHAPTER THREE Methodology Overview Description of Type of Research Corpus Size of Corpus Procedure Data Collection and Recording Data Processing and Analysis CHAPTER FOUR Data Analysis and Interpretation Overview Analysis and Evaluation of the Samples in the Corpus of the Study Status of Foreignization and Domestication in the Corpus of the Study Outcomes CHAPTER FIVE Conclusions, Implications, and Suggestions for Further Research Overview Restatement of the Research Questions Implications Suggestions for Further Research REFRENCES چکید 7

4 List of Tables Table Frequency of the Domesticating Strategies applied in the corpus of the research Table Frequency of the Foreignizing Strategies applied in the corpus of the research Table Percentage of the Domesticating Strategies applied in the corpus of the research... Table Percentage of the Foreignizing Strategies applied in the corpus of the research 8

5 Abstract In the framework of two key cultural strategies of foreignization and domestication postulated by Lawrence Venuti (1995), this research made an attempt to investigate the way in which culture- specific items in the Holy Qur an have been portrayed in English context.to meet this purpose, some parts of the Glorious Qur an in Arabic were compared with three translations in English. The outlet of this study was based on the taxonomy of procedures (techniques) gleaned from a number of studies by translation scholars.the research questions aimed to work out the more frequent strategy in the dichotomy proposed by Venuti (1995)in dealing with cultural items in the Holy Qur an as well as the scope of application of these two strategies in the corpus of the study. To answer the questions, this descriptive translation research first made an effort to extract some cultural items in the Glorious Qur an. Next, it tried to perform a comprehensive analysis of the foreignization and domestication procedures applied for the translation of these particular items. The study finally came up with the conclusion that the target texts under investigation are mostly domesticated. Key terms: culture, translation, strategies of translation, translatability & untranslatability 9

6 References Abdul-Raof, H. (2001). Qur an Translation: Discourse, Texture and Exegesis. Great Britain: Curzon Press. Abdul-Raof, H. (2004). The Qur an: Limits of Translatability. In S.Faiq. (Ed).Cultural Encounters in Translation from Arabic. (pp ). Clevedon: Multilingual Matters. Abdul-Raof, H. (2005). Cultural Aspects in Qur an Translation. In L.Long. (Ed). Translation and Religion: Holy Translatable? (P ).Clevedon: Multilingual Matters. Aixela, J.F.(1996). Culture-specific Items in Translations. In R.Alvares and M. Vidal. (Eds).Translation, power, Subversion.(pp ). Clevedon: Multilingual Matters. Arberry, A.J. (1995).The Koran Interpreted. New York: McMillan Publication Baker, M. (1992).In Other Words. London and New York: Rutledge. Baker, M. (2001), (Ed.) Rutledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies. London and New York: Rutledge. Bassnett.S. and A.Lefevere, (Eds.) (1992).Introduction: Proust s Grandmother and the Thousand and the One Nights: The Cultural Turn in Translation Studies. In S. Bassnett and A.Lefevere, eds. Translation, History and Culture.(p. 1-13) London: Cassel. 138

7 Bassnett.S. and A.Lefevere, (1998).Constructing Cultures: Essays on literary Translation Topics in Translation. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters. Bassnett.S. (2002). Translation Studies. (3 rd Ed.).London and New York: Rutledge. Beekman, j. and j.callow (1974).Translating the Word of God.Michigan: Zondervan. Calzada Perez, M. (Ed.). (2003).Apropos of Ideology: Translation Studies on Ideology _ Ideologies in Translation Studies.Manchester: St.Jerome Publishers. Faiq, S. (Ed). (2004). Cultural Encounters in Translation from Arabic. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters. Ghazanfari, M. (2005). Domestication in Literary Translation: The English Translation of Hedayat's Owl. Translation Studies Journal. Vol.3, No.11, Autumn p Hashemi Minabad, H. (2004).Culture in Translation and Translation of Cultural Items: Translation Studies Journal. Vol.1, No.5, Spring p Hatim, B. (2001). Teaching and Researching Translation. Pearson Education: Longman. Hatim, B and I. Mason. (1997).The Translator as Communicator. London and New York: Rutledge. 139

8 Hatim, B and J. Munday. (2004). Translation. London and New York: Rutledge. Hervey, S. and J.Callow (1992).Thinking Translation: A Course in Translation Method: French to English, London: Rutledge. Holt, M. (2004).Translating Islamic Discourse, In S.Faiq, (Ed).Cultural Encounters in Translation from Arabic. (p ). Clevedon: Multilingual Larson, M.L. (1984). Meaning-based Translation: A Guide to Cross- Language Equivalence. Lanham/ New York/ London: University Press of America. Lefevere, A. (1992). Translation, History and Culture: A sourcebook. London and New York: Rutledge. Lefevere, A. (1993). Translating Literature: Practice and Theory in Comparative Literature. New York: MLA Leppihalme, R. (1997). Culture Bumps. An Empirical Approach to the Translation of Allusions. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters. Long, L. (2005). Translation and Religion: Holy Translatable? Clevedon: Multilingual Matters. Miremadi, A. (2005).Theoretical Foundations and Principles of Translation. Tehran. SAMT 140

9 Mollanazar, H. and R. Montakhab. (2007). A Survey of Foreignization and Domestication Strategies in English-Persian Literary Translation. Translation Studies. Vol. 4. Winter p Munday, J. (2001). Introducing Translation Studies, Theories and applications. London: Rutledge. Mustapha, H. (1998). Qur an (Koran) Translation. In M. Baker.(Ed.). Rutledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies. (p ). London and New York: Rutledge. Newmark, P. (1988). A Textbook of Translation. Singapore: Prentice Hall. Pickthall, M.M. (1996).The Meanings of the Glorious Koran. London :Fine Books Ltd. Pym, A. & Turk, H. (1998).Translation Studies. In: M. Baker (Ed.), Rutledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies. (p ).London and New York: Rutledge. Pym, A. & Turk, H. Translatability, In: M. Baker (Ed.), Rutledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies. (p ). London and New York: Rutledge. Said, E. (1997).Covering Islam. London: Vintage Shakir, M.H. (Eds). (2001). The Glorious Qur an. Qum: Ansarian Publication Shuttleworth, M. & Cowie, M. (1997). Dictionary of Translation Studies. Manchester: Saint Jerome. 141

10 Snell-Hornby, M. (1990).Linguistic Transcoding or Cultural Transfer: A Critique of Translation in Germany. In S. Bassnett and A.Lefevere, (Eds). Translation, History and Culture. (p.79-86). London and New York: Pinter Snell-Hornby, M. (1997). Translation As Intercultural Communication. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins Snell-Hornby, M. (1998). Language Culture. Translation Studies: An Integrated Approach. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benjamins. p Starkovsky, N. (2005). The Koran handbook: An annotated translation. New York: Algora Publishing Turner, C. (1997). The Qur an: A New Interpretation. Surrey :Curzon Press. Venuti, L. (1995). The Translator Invisibility. A History of Translation. London and New York: Routledge. Venuti, L. (1998). Strategies of translation. In M. Baker, (1998/2001). (Ed.). Rutledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies. (p ). London and New York: Routledge. Venuti, L. (1998).The Scandals of Translation.Towards an Ethics of Difference. London and New York: Rutledge. Venuti, L. (2000). The Translation Studies Reader. London: Rutledge. 142

11 Vinary,J.P. and J, Darblent.(2000). A Methodology for Translation. In L. Venuti (2000).(Ed.). The Translation Studies Reader.(p.84-93).London: Rutledge. Webster, M. (2003). An Unabridged Dictionary. New York: Prentice Hall Press Wills, W. (1982).The Science of Translation: Problems and Methods, Tubingen: Gunter Narr. YusufAli, A. (1992). The Glorious Qur an. Tehran: Jajormi Publication اکجشی و ) 6831 ) فش گ اصطالزبت عه و ت ذ اعاليی يؾ ذ:ث یبدپژ ؾ بی اعاليی. ث شاو پ س انف )6831( تشخ ؽشذ اژگب لشآ کشیى عبصيب تجهیغبت اعاليی لى: آ ای لشآ. عیبذ انف. ( 6811( فش گ ثضسگ خبيع ی )عشثی ث فبسعی( ( خهذ 6 2 ( ت شا : ا تؾبسات اعالو. لشائتی و.) 6838 (. تفغیش س خهذ ع و ت شا : ا تؾبسات سصات فش گ اسؽبد اعاليی. 143

12 چکید ای تسمیك ثش اعبط ت بیض ثی د سا جشد اعبعی فش گی ثیگب گشایی ث يی گشایی ک تی دس عبل 6991 طشذ کشد اعت دس پی کب ػ تک یک بیی اعت ک دس تشخ ا گهیغی آیت بی فش گی دس ع س يجبسک يبئذ دس لشآ کشیى ثکبس سفت اعت. ث عجبست دیگش ای تسمیك ت صیفی فشآ سد ث یبد- پژ ؾی اعت کیفی ثب ذف ت صیف تسهیم ؽی بی ع هی سا جشد بی تشخ ث يی ثیگب گشایی. پشعؼ بی تسمیك دس صذد اعت سا جشد غبنت یض گغتش ای د کبسثشد سا دس تغیى ث ذی د گب ثیگب گشایی ث يی گشایی دس پیکش تسمیك ثکب د. دسساعتبی ای ذف ع تشخ ا گهیغی اص لشآ کشیى ثب يت اصهی لشآ ث صثب عشثی يمبیغ ؽذ ا ذ. ثشای دعتیبثی ث پبعخ بی پشعؼ بی يطشذ ؽذ تالػ ؽذ آیتى بی فش گی ثشاعبط طجم ث ذی عجذانشئ ف اصپ د ی ع س لشآ کشیى )ع س يجبسک يب ئذ ( اعتخشاج ؽذ تشخ ا گهیغی آ ب ي سد تدضی تسهیم لشاس گیشد. ثشاعبط تبیح ثذعت آيذ ث يی گشایی سایح تشی سا جشد فش گی تشخ ي سداعتفبد دس پیکش تسمیك ؽ بخت ؽذ اعت از ای را وا : فش گ, سا جشد بی تشخ,تشخ پزیشی تشخ بپزیشی 144

13 دا شگا آزاد اسالهی احد عل م تحقیقات ت راى دا شکد ادبیات زبا ای خارج دپارتواى هطالعات ترجو پایاى اه هدرک کارش اسی ارشد هطالعات ترجو بیگا گرایی ب هی گرایی در ترجو ا گلیسی آیتو ای فر گی در قرآى کرین )س ر هبارک هائد ) استاد را وا دکتر ساالر ه افی ا اری استاد هشا ر دکتر هحود خطیب گارش: ا ید شیرزاد ب وي

ع فعبنیت بی آي صؽی : 1( آي صػ ظشی ع ه ی سص یذئت بی آعیت ؽ بعی ع اثك تسقیهی : دا ؾكذ : پضؽكي تجشیض دا طگب : عه و پسضكي

ع فعبنیت بی آي صؽی : 1( آي صػ ظشی ع ه ی سص یذئت بی آعیت ؽ بعی ع اثك تسقیهی : دا ؾكذ : پضؽكي تجشیض دا طگب : عه و پسضكي ث بو خذا گر آي زضي : پبت ن ژي دا ؾكذ : پضؽكي تجشیض دا طگب : عه و پسضكي تبریس بو خب ادگي : نطفي ژاد ضيری بو : 1340 دا طيبر تبریخ ت نذ : يرتب فعهي : يحم ت نذ: ار يي پبی فعهي : 30 تبریخ آخری ارتقبء : آبب