STUDY GUIDE YEARLY EXAM

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Poppy Willis
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1 STUDY GUIDE YEARLY EXAM adapted from His First Shave anonymous, The Liverpool Post, 1894 Line 1 HIS FIRST SHAVE. This is a momentous event in a boy's life, as it is to him the line of demarcation between boyhood and manhood. The microscopic hairs under his chin are becoming annoying to him, 5 and he considers it a duty to society to have them removed without delay. He has already made several surreptitious attempts with his father's razor, to the great detriment of both the razor and his face, and although he succeeded, in a measure, in removing the obnoxious down, yet it was with the unpleasant accompaniment of some of his chin. Therefore he 10 determines to do the thing in a manly way, and resolves to submit to the barber's delicate manipulations without delay. It takes him some time to muster up the requisite courage to enter the barber's shop, as he has certain misgivings that the barber might indulge in facetious and satirical remarks concerning his beard. 15 He passes the shop many times and looks in; but his heart sinks within him. There is always some drawback either too many people inside or too few; in either case of which he thinks he will be noticed. Once he does enter; and one of the barbers venturing the inquiry, "Haircut, sir?" involves him in delightful confusion, and to avoid further embarrassment, 20 he submits to having his hair cut, and still remains unshaved. At last, in sheer desperation, he makes a very firm resolve either to get shaved that day or never. With this heroic resolve, and money in his hand, he sallies forth to the barber's, and at a favorable moment walks in and tremblingly awaits his turn. 25 The sharp, short "Next!" sends the blood thrilling up his backbone, and he feebly climbs into the chair, and hurriedly says, "Shave me, please," and shuts his eyes. The barber, with an eye to the money, says nothing, and proceeds to shave him, figuratively speaking. There is only one drawback to the boy's cup of 30 happiness, and that is the entire absence of that peculiarly pleasant rasping sound which comes only from a long experience. Choose the best answer for each question. 1. Which of the following lines from the passage support the idea that the boy was nervous about going to the barbershop? A. lines 4-5 and lines B. lines and lines C. lines and lines D. lines and Which of the following lines support the inference that the boy s beard was less in need of a shave than the boy thought? A. lines 2-3 and lines B. lines 4-5 and lines C. lines 9-12 and lines D. lines and lines 21-22

2 . 3. Which of the following lines support the idea that the boy was afraid the barber would make fun of him? A. lines 4-6 and lines B. lines and lines C. lines and lines D. lines and lines Which of the following is the central idea of the story? A. Barbers often make fun of their customers. B. Beginning to shave is a major event in a boy s life. C. Going to a barbershop is very expensive. D. Shaving is a task requiring care and caution. 5. As used in line 4 of the passage, microscopic most nearly means A. only visible with a microscope B. very flexible C. very small D. very stiff 6. As used in line 12 of the passage, requisite most nearly means A. beautiful or delicately ornate B. inquiring or asking C. necessary or required D. requested or asked for 7. According to the story, the boy wants to have a shave because A. he wants to be brave. B. he is embarrassed. C. his chin hair is annoying him. D. he wants to look good for the ladies. 8. What is the primary purpose of lines in the story? A. to show the reader he was being courageous. B. to allow the reader to infer that he does not have much to shave. C. to provide imagery about the experience. D. to explain to the reader why he wanted a shave. 9. What effect do lines have on the passage? A. They foreshadow events to come. B. They provide an exposition. C. They reveal the emotions of the character. D. They give you the conclusion of the story. They tell the moral of the story. Read the flowing passages and answer the question or questions that follow. Passage 1 : The Discovery of Penicillin Paragraph 1 For hundreds of years, people were terrified of infection. Before the midtwentieth century, if a person got an infection, it was usually a death sentence. To try to save the person s life, doctors would often cut off the part of the body that became infected. Many patients lost their limbs this way, and even more died from the surgery itself. People tried to use herbal

3 treatments to cure infection, but this was ineffective. Then, Louis Pasteur and others discovered that germs would not grow on certain bread molds. Their discoveries led to the study of antibiotics. 2 For many years, scientists tried to find out why germs would not grow on molds. This process was perfected when Sir Alexander Fleming accidentally made a breakthrough in Fleming was known for being untidy. He left an open dish of bacteria on a table overnight, and it became contaminated with a fungus. Fleming found that this fungus produced a substance called penicillin. He then needed to find a way to get the drug to the public. 3 Fleming worked hard for years to make his drug available to large numbers of people. The earliest form of the drug was a powder. The idea was to sprinkle the powder on the wound to treat infection. This often did not work because the drug did not get deep enough into the wound, and the patient would still become infected. 4 About fifteen years later, two American companies discovered methods to make the drug on a large scale. They began selling penicillin to the public. Soon, everyone was recovering from bacterial infections, especially the types in wounds. This was good news as nations around the globe had just become involved in World War II. The types of wounds that soldiers received were especially likely to become infected. Penicillin saved many soldiers lives. Passage 2: Mold in Disguise Paragraph 5 An important advance in medical history was made in the 1920s. By a stroke of luck, Alexander Fleming discovered a strain of bread mold that inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus, a dangerous type of bacteria. This finding led to the development of the drug penicillin. By the 1940s, penicillin had become widely available to the public and was known as the Wonder Drug. It worked extremely well and cured many infections and diseases, such as tuberculosis and pneumonia, which up until that time were usually fatal. 6 However, some people are allergic to the drug and cannot take it. Their allergic reactions can range from a simple case of hives to full-blown anaphylactic shock, a sometimes fatal reaction which may include respiratory difficulty and circulation failure. When an allergic reaction occurs, doctors advise the person to avoid penicillin and related drugs. 7 People who are allergic to penicillin are probably allergic to mold in general, and this is where a hidden danger may be lurking. While medical personnel are quick to warn about the dangers of the drug, they often do not think about the connection that mold has to many popular foods. For example, mold is an important step in the production of several varieties of cheese. Two very popular types are brie and camembert which use mold to give each its unique quality. Blue cheese is another popular mold based food. Do you like sour cream on your baked potato? Did you eat a hot dog for lunch? Sour cream, processed meat, dried fruits, and breads made with yeast are just a few of the other types of foods that contain mold. 8 Many allergy sufferers who eat these foods have only mild reactions such as hives or diarrhea and do not connect their symptoms with the mold allergy. However, for others it could be life threatening. If a person has difficulty breathing or swallowing or swelling of the throat, he should call 911 immediately. People who suffer from this allergy should consider all types of mold potentially harmful no matter their sources. Choose the best answer for each question. 10. What is one fact found in "Mold in Disguise" that is not found in "Discovery of Penicillin"? A. Two American companies found a way to distribute the drug. B. Alexander Fleming's laboratory was untidy. C. Some people are allergic to penicillin. D. Louis Pasteur's work led to the study of antibiotics. 11. What information can be found in both articles? A. Some form of mold is found in many common foods. B. Some people are allergic to penicillin. C. Years ago, medical treatment for infection involved drastic measures. D. The drug penicillin is an effective treatment for infections. 12. Based on information in passage 2, what should people who have a mold allergy do? A. Be on the lookout for foods that contain mold in any form. B. Take penicillin to help cure their allergies. C. Call 911 for information on which foods contain mold. D. Eat cheese and sour cream to soothe their allergies.

4 13. Which statement from passage 1 does not support the idea that people were terrified of infections? A. Doctors would have to cut off the part of the body that became infected. B. Fleming was known for being untidy. C. People tried to use herbal treatments to cure infection, but this was ineffective. D. Many people died from the surgery. E. 14. In passage 1, which sentence from the text best illustrates how Fleming's discovery impacted the world? A. For many years, scientists tried to find out why germs would not grow on molds. B. Soon everyone was recovering from bacterial infections, especially the types in wounds. C. Fleming worked hard for years to make his drug available to large numbers of people. D. Nations around the globe had just become involved in World War II. 15. How did moldy bread impact the events in passage 1? A. It led to the discovery of the drug penicillin. B. It led to the start of World War II. C. It led to the discovery of a way to keep food fresh longer. D. It led to more sanitary surgical techniques. 16. Read this inference about Fleming from passage 1. Fleming's lab was always in disarray. Which best supports this statement? A. This process was perfected when Fleming accidentally made a breakthrough in B. Two American companies discovered a way to market the drug. C. Fleming worked hard for years to make his drug available. D. He had left an open dish of bacteria on a table overnight. 17. The information in Paragraph 7 supports which of the following? A. Bacteria are often used to treat diseases caused by molds. B. Eating blue cheese will probably cure tuberculosis. C. People with pneumonia should avoid eating bread made with yeast. D. People who are allergic to penicillin may also be allergic to certain foods. 18. Which of the following is true of the two passages about penicillin? A. Passage 1 does not mention Fleming s discovery, while passage 2 mentions Fleming s discovery. B. Passage 1 focuses on the benefits of penicillin, while passage 2 focuses on the dangerof penicillin allergies. C. Passage 1 mentions Fleming s discovery, while Fleming is not mentioned in Passage 2. D. Passage 1 focuses on the danger of penicillin allergies, while passage 2 focuses on the benefits of penicillin. 19. Before the discovery of penicillin, a badly infected hand would likely be treated by A. cutting it off. B. sprinkling antibiotic powder on it. C. taking an antibiotic injection, or shot. D. taking an antibiotic pill. 20. Who first isolated the kind of bread mold that inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus? A. Louis Pasteur B. Jonas Salk C. Alexander Fleming D. two American companies 21. Which of the following describes how penicillin was first used to treat infected wounds? A. People swallowed penicillin as a pill. B. Penicillin powder was sprinkled on wounds. C. Penicillin was injected as a shot. D. People ate moldy bread to get the penicillin. E.

5 22. Where in the text can evidence be found that a variety of foods contain mold? A. Passage 2 paragraph 8 B. Passage 2, paragraph 7 C. Passage 1, paragraph 2 D. Passage 1, paragraph Which of the following is the central idea of the texts? A. Penicillin comes from mold. B. People who have mold allergies cannot use penicillin. C. Penicillin was an important scientific discovery. D. Penicillin can be dangerous. Choose the best answer for each question: The Eagle He clasps the crag with crooked hands; Close to the sun in lonely lands, Ringes with the azure* world, he stands. The wrinkled sea beneath him crawls; He watches from his mountain walls, And like a thunderbolt he falls. ---Alfred, Lord Tennyson *azure: blue; the sky. 24. In the first line, "clasps the crag with crooked hands" is an example of A. alliteration B. rhyme C. repetition D. simile 25. In line 1, saying that the eagle has "crooked hands" is an example of A. alliteration B. personification C. simile D. metaphor 26. How does the phrase "And like a thunderbolt he falls" relate to the other lines in the poem? A. it foreshadows what is coming B. it provides a concluding image C. it indicates that the eagle is dying D. it explains how eagles fly

6 27. What impact does "Close to the sun in lonely lands have on the other lines in the poem? A. it adds to the mood and tone B. it provides a conclusion to the poem C. it provides a transition to the next verse of poetry. D. it gives the poem a rhyme scheme 28. The imagery in the poem makes the eagle seem like A. an ordinary bird B. the corrupt ruler of an ancient empire C. a dangerous bird of prey D. a god living 29. Which of the following is true of this poem? A. It is a haiku B. It has a rhyme scheme C. It has repetition D. It is a sonnet Decide if the underlined portions of the sentences are adjective, adverb, or noun phrases. (Remember: an adjective and an adverb phrase are prepositional phrases that are acting as adjectives or adverbs, and noun phrases are the adjectives describing the noun plus the noun itself). 30. The sandwich on the counter looks delicious. a. Adjective b. Adverb c. Noun 31. The plane flew over the Atlantic Ocean. a. Adjective b. Adverb c. Noun 32. The ugly, red, jacket was old and tattered. a. Adjective b. Adverb c. Noun Choose the correct answer below: 33. Which of the following uses modifiers INCORRECTLY? A. Teena served hot dogs, fries, and potato salad to her guests on paper plates. B. We could easily understand the Spanish spoken by our visitors from Mexico City. C. When playing with my Siberian Husky, I get a lot of exercise, too. D. None of the above use modifiers incorrectly.

7 34. Which of the following uses modifiers CORRECTLY? A. Tim played the "Star-Spangled Banner" to the audience on his saxophone. B. While fixing my bicycle chain, the ice cream man drove by. C. While riding my bike to the library, the dog began to bark. D. None of the above use modifiers correctly. 35. Which of the following uses modifiers INCORRECTLY? A. Almost all of my friends are in the Science Club. B. We almost ate all of the Thanksgiving turkey. C. We vigorously rowed the boat. D. All of the above use modifiers correctly. 36. Identify the structure of the following sentence. I tried to speak Spanish, and my friend tried to speak English. A. complex B. compound C. compound-complex D. simple 37. Identify the structure of the following sentence. The students are studying because they have a test tomorrow. A. complex B. compound C. compound-complex D. simple 38. Identify the structure of the following sentence. When she handed in her homework, she forgot to give the teacher the last page. A. complex B. compound C. compound-complex D. simple 39. Identify the structure of the following sentence. Lisa goes to the library and studies every day. A. complex B. compound C. compound-complex D. simple 40. Which of the following uses subject-verb agreement incorrectly? A. Are we having a test today? B. Nobody know the trouble I ve seen. C. There is a unicorn standing in the yard. D. What do you do in your free time? 41. Which of the following uses subject-verb agreement incorrectly? A. A copy of my most recent passport is somewhere in this box. B. Oh, no! There goes my brother with my book-bag in his car! C. Running along the top of the fence was three very large, very filthy rats. D. Sure enough, as I glanced to my right, Julio went off with my pen clutched in his hand. 42. Which of the following uses subject-verb agreement incorrectly? A. Each of the divers has an oxygen tank. B. Everybody play the fool sometimes. C. Nobody claims to be perfect. D. All of the above use subject-verb agreement correctly.

8 43. Which of the following uses subject-verb agreement incorrectly? A. A man chasing unicorns is on the balcony. B. One of my brother s friends are a pilot. C. The people who survived the tornado are in a shelter. D. All of the above use subject-verb agreement correctly. Rewrite the following sentences to revise it and make it clearer and eliminate misplaced modifiers. 44. Churning in the Atlantic ocean, we anxiously watched the weather report on the hurricane. 45. Raymond wore a fancy shirt to the interview, which was unfortunately stained with mustard. 46. Professor Jones, who was late with another essay, waited for the slacker student. Rewrite the following sentences to be more concise and eliminate redundancy 47. My mom gave me cash money to spend on shoes. 48. I think English is the best class, in my personal opinion. 49. I got a complimentary gift for free. 50. The tennis shoes were small in size. Idioms explain what the following underlined idioms mean in your own words. 51. It is raining cats and dogs. 52. He kicked the bucket. 53. She hit the ceiling. 54. He is as dead as a doornail. 55. The football game went down to the wire. Synonyms and Antonyms be able to identify synonyms and antonyms of common words. Remember a synonym is a word that means the same thing. An antonym has an opposite meaning. Example: Funny and hilarious are synonyms. An antonym for funny is serious Positive and Negative Connotation Remember the DENOTATION of a word is the DICTIONARY DEFINITION CONNOTATION are the emotions that are related to a certain word. If it has a NEGATIVE CONNOTATION the word has negative emotions associated with it. For example, FAT and SCRAWNY have NEGATIVE CONNOTATIONS. CURVY and SLENDER have POSITIVE CONNOTATIONS. ALSO REVIEW THE RESEARCH PROCESS. KNOW WHAT IS A RELIABLE SOURCE AND HOW YOU CHECK FOR RELIABLE SOURCES AND PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SOURCES.

What do you think you should do as you read poetry?

Warm Up: Answer the? below What do you think you should do as you read poetry? Get out your A Tale Tell Heart Comprehension? s and Assignment or CC if it is incomplete Introduction to 8 th Grade Poetry